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Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Slugs are one of the most important pests of vegetable and fruit crops in Pamplona. The aims mas to evaluate the molluscicidal action of plant extracts from three species of Agavaceae as alternatives to control strawberry slug pests, in the municipality of Pamplona, Norte de Santander. A field experiment was developed in a Fragaria sp. in 2021 at the "Villa María" farm, Pamplona Norte De Santander (Colombia). Treatments with plant extracts of three Agavaceae plants were made in the form of juice t and in fractional form, compared with a control. Slug populations, technical efficiency and fruit damage were evaluated three, five and seven days after the treatments. The phytopesticide treatments based on Furcraea andina, both in the form of 20 % juice and in fractions of leaves at 4 kg/10 L of water, were statistically superior to the rest of the treatments in reducing slug populations and reduced damage. by slugs significantly in the fruits with the second application. The extracts of F. andina, were superior to those of the rest of the Agavaceae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se define la posición Sistemát¡ca de un ejemplar perteneciente a la clase Gastropoda (Fam. Trochidae) colectado en el transcurso de las campañas de pesca exploratoria realizadas en 1995 a bordo del B/P Orense, en aguas de la Zona Económ¡ca Exclusiva (ZEE) pertenecientes al Pacífico de la República de EI Salvador. La literatura revisada, permite citar al espécimen como Bathybembix bairdii (Dall,1889) y el mismo representaría, un nuevo registro para la malacofauna del istmo Centroamericano.

This research aimed to evaluate the adoption of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for mussels and shrimp sold in street markets in the Grande Vitória Region, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The study included 11 street market, where 36 establishments (street stalls) were sampled. The assessment of sanitary and hygienic conditions was carried out using a checklist based on Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada (RDC) n° 216/2004 and RDC n° 275/2002. It was observed that 36 (100%) street stalls did not have exclusive handwashing sinks, a supply of potable water, equipment and utensils in proper condition, records of cleaning operations, and proper waste disposal. Only 18 (50%) establishments had handlers using aprons, and none of the handlers washed their hands or used gloves and caps. It is noteworthy that 27 (75%) establishments had flies and lacked protective barriers for products, and no establishment monitored the temperature of exposed products. No establishment had a Manual of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), although all had a sanitary permit. Overall, all establishments were classified as "poor," with a total average of 9.2% compliance and 90.8% non-compliance. It is concluded that the GMP adoption determined by current legislation are not being properly applied in the shellfish trade at street markets in the Grande Vitória Region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências Veterinárias e Zoologia da Unipar is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gastropods are abundant key components in freshwater ecosystems, many of which are affected by anthropogenic activities. The genus Heleobia is widely distributed across Argentina, and the native Heleobia parchappii is very common in the Pampean Region. The identification of native candidate species for toxicity testing is gaining increasing interest. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate 1) the susceptibility of H. parchappii to a reference toxicant (Cl2 Cd), and 2) its suitability for toxicity testing by estimating LC50. Also, we discussed the applicability of the proposed protocol. Snail sensitivity was assessed by exposure to concentrations between 0.5 and 12 mg Cd/L under acute static conditions during 72 h (exposure period). Then, snails were transferred to the control medium for 24 h (post-exposure period) and checked for recovery and those not responding to stimulation were considered to be dead. The endpoints were snail immobilization (recorded every 24 h during the exposure period) and mortality at the end of the post-exposure period. Snail sensitivity was analyzed with a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) and LC50 (lethal concentration 50%) was calculated using probit analysis. Results indicated that the number of immobilized snails increased with increasing concentration. The toxic effect of Cd on snails persisted 24 h after exposure. The LC50 was 2.145 (1.675-2.641) mg Cd/L. The sensitivity of H. parchappii was similar to that reported for other freshwater standard species, supporting its suitability as test organism. The protocol was appropriate for use in toxicity testing as it is simple, inexpensive and reproducible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las marcas de depredación por perforación son indicadores de la actividad alimenticia de un organismo y además son estimadores de la presión selectiva de una especie por otra. Dado que en Cuba no se ha descrito aún este tipo de interacción, el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido identificar y analizar las marcas de depredación por perforación en moluscos de tres localidades de la costa norte de la isla (Cayo Levisa, Cayo Guillermo y Playa Maguana). Se recolectaron 918 conchas de la tanatocenosis del mesolitoral (166 gasterópodos y 752 bivalvos), distribuidas en 84 especies (42 de gasterópodos y 42 de bivalvos). El 31 % de las especies presentó alguna marca de depredación por perforación. El porcentaje de especímenes depredados fue mayor en Cayo Guillermo y Cayo Levisa (29 % y 28 % respectivamente), mientras que en Playa Maguana el valor fue menor (19 %). Las especies más depredadas fueron las más abundantes: Divalinga quadrisulcata y Chione cancellata, seguidas de Lucina pensylvanica, Tucetona pectinata y Codakia orbicularis. Los resultados indican que no hay una preferencia por alguna especie y es la disponibilidad representada por la abundancia la que determina a las presas. Los depredadores no mostraron selectividad por la valva derecha o izquierda de los bivalvos ni tampoco preferencia por un sector particular de la superficie de la valva.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuaternario y Geomorfología is the property of Cuaternario y Geomorfologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMEN | Se presenta una revisión sobre las neoplasias diseminadas descritas en los moluscos bivalvos, así como las etiologías asociadas a ellas. Se analiza y discute sobre los argumentos y razones por las cuales no ha sido posible identificar un agente causal único. Estas etiologías incluyen a los contaminantes antropogénicos, las biotoxinas, las alteraciones y factores genéticos tales como transposones, a agentes infecciosos, particularmente retrovirus y a la participación de linajes clonales de células transformadas y transmisibles. Se describen, además, las principales características histopatológicas desarrolladas por los animales afectados por esta patología y se exponen las principales técnicas diagnósticas. ABSTRACT | A review is presented of the disseminated neoplasms described in bivalve molluscs, as well as the etiologies associated with them. An analysis and discussion are made about the arguments and reasons why it has not been possible to identify a single causal agent. These etiologies include anthropogenic contaminants, biotoxins, genetic factors and alterations such as transposons, infectious agents, particularly retroviruses, and the involvement of clonal lineages of transmissible and transformed cells. In addition, the main histopathological characteristics developed by the animals affected by this pathology are described and the main diagnostic techniques are exposed.

Copyright of Nativa is the property of Revista Nativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hydrothermal vents are rare deep‐sea oases that house faunal assemblages with a similar density of life as coral reefs. Only approximately 600 of these hotspots are known worldwide, most only one‐third of a football field in size. With advancing development of the deep‐sea mining industry, there is an urgent need to protect these unique, insular ecosystems and their specialist endemic faunas. We applied the IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) Red List criteria to assess the extinction risk of vent‐endemic molluscs with varying exposure to potential deep‐sea mining. We assessed 31 species from three key areas under different regulatory frameworks in the Indian, West Pacific, and Southern Oceans. Three vent mollusc species were also examined as case studies of different threat contexts (protected or not from potential mining) to explore the interaction of local regulatory frameworks and IUCN Red List category assignment. We found that these assessments were robust even when there was some uncertainty in the total range of individual species, allowing assessment of species that have only recently been named and described. For vent‐endemic species, regulatory changes to area‐based management can have a greater impact on IUCN Red List assessment outcomes than incorporating additional data about species distributions. Our approach revealed the most useful IUCN Red List criteria for vent‐endemic species: criteria B and D2. This approach, combining regulatory framework and distribution, has the potential to rapidly gauge assessment outcomes for species in insular systems worldwide. Article impact statement IUCN Red List assessments robustly compare extinction risk from deep‐sea mining at understudied hydrothermal vent habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina is the property of Asociacion Geologica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se presentan los resultados de la evaluación ecológica y faunística del megazoobentos marino del Parque Nacional Caguanes, utilizando a las comunidades de moluscos como bioindicadoras de la riqueza de especies y de la calidad ambiental. Los inventarios se realizaron en marzo de 2003 en 26 estaciones, incluyendo los fondos blandos (19 estaciones), y los manglares (cuatro estaciones). Se identificaron 48 especies de moluscos (ordenadas en tres clases, 16 órdenes y 32 familias). El índice de riqueza de especies de Margalef (1951) varió desde valores nulos a medios (R 1= 0 - 3,06), mientras que el número total de especies (S) estuvo entre 0 y 14 en los fondos blandos y de dos a cuatro en los manglares. La densidad de poblamiento también fue baja (D= 0-1 ind/m 2), lo que se atribuye a problemas de muestreo en las estaciones con pastos marinos densos. Las características de las comunidades del megazoobentos están condicionadas por la consistencia de los fondos y su contenido de materia orgánica y la presencia o ausencia de la macrovegetación bentónica. Recibido: 14-11-2020 Aceptado: 09-3-2021 Publicado: 20-12-2021 Editor: Tito Monteiro da Cruz Lotufo

Introduction: The marine biodiversity is well known in some areas and for some marine ecosystems of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. The marine sector of Área de Conservación Guanacaste, in the North Pacific of the country, is a priority area for conservation of marine and coastal biodiversity. Objective: Our aim was to increase the knowledge of marine biodiversity in a conservation priority site in Costa Rica and in poorly or scarcely studied marine ecosystems, such as rocky reefs and Sargassum beds, respectively. Methods: The study was conducted in Bahía Salinas and Golfo de Santa Elena in 2013. In January, four rocky reefs were visited; while in February three rocky reefs and one Sargassum bed were visited. We identified the macroinvertebrates and conspicuous fish species through underwater visual census methods (timed swim and band transects). The mean density of each species was estimated through band transects method. Results: A total of 25 invertebrates and 34 fish species were identified. We found a high number of species of invertebrates (23) and fish species (33) in rocky reefs, but few species on Sargassum beds (eight invertebrates and ten fish species). Species composition differed between marine ecosystems. Conclusions: Our study further evidence the limited knowledge of invertebrates and fish communities in these marine ecosystems in the North Pacific of Costa Rica. Considerably more surveys and field work are required to support management decisions that are backed by sound scientific knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Toxicología is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Toxicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En el presente estudio se elaboró el listado taxonómico actualizado de los gasterópodos de la planicie del arrecife “Verde”, en el Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano (PNSAV), Veracruz. Se realizaron siete salidas al área de estudio (junio de 2017 a septiembre de 2018), en las cuales se hicieron muestreos aleatorios, cubriendo un área de 275 m2. Se registró un total de 66 especies, reunidas en 50 géneros y 31 familias. Un total de 13 especies, nueve géneros y dos familias representan nuevos registros para el área de estudio. Con estos nuevos registros, la riqueza específica para el arrecife “Verde” queda conformada por 109 especies, agrupadas en 71 géneros y 40 familias de gasterópodos.

Las marcas de depredación por perforación son indicadores de la actividad alimenticia de un organismo y además son estimadores de la presión selectiva de una especie por otra. Dado que en Cuba no se ha descrito aún este tipo de interacción, el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido identificar y analizar las marcas de depredación por perforación en moluscos de tres localidades de la costa norte de la isla (Cayo Levisa, Cayo Guillermo y Playa Maguana). Se recolectaron 918 conchas de la tanatocenosis del mesolitoral (166 gasterópodos y 752 bivalvos), distribuidas en 84 especies (42 de gasterópodos y 42 de bivalvos). El 31 % de las especies presentó alguna marca de depredación por perforación. El porcentaje de especímenes depredados fue mayor en Cayo Guillermo y Cayo Levisa (29 % y 28 % respectivamente), mientras que en Playa Maguana el valor fue menor (19 %). Las especies más depredadas fueron las más abundantes: Divalinga quadrisulcata y Chione cancellata, seguidas de Lucina pensylvanica, Tucetona pectinata y Codakia orbicularis. Los resultados indican que no hay una preferencia por alguna especie y es la disponibilidad representada por la abundancia la que determina a las presas. Los depredadores no mostraron selectividad por la valva derecha o izquierda de los bivalvos ni tampoco preferencia por un sector particular de la superficie de la valva. ABSTRACT Predation marks by drilling are indicators of the food activity of an organism and also helps to estimate the selective pressure of one species by another. Because this kind of interaction has not yet been described in Cuba, the aims of this work are identify and analyze the drilling predation marks in molluscs from three localities on the north coast of the island (Cayo Levisa, Cayo Guillermo and Playa Maguana). A total of 918 shells were collected from the mesolittoral thanatocoenosis (166 gastropods and 752 bivalves), distributed in 84 species (42 gastropod species and 42 bivalve species). Of them, the 31% of the species showed some mark of drilling predation. The percentage of depredated species were higher in Cayo Guillermo and Cayo Levisa (29% and 28% respectively) than in Playa Maguana where the value was lower (19%). The most depredated species were always the most abundant: Divalinga quadrisulcata and Chione cancellata, followed by Lucina pensylvanica, Tucetona pectinata and Codakia orbicularis. The above results indicate that there is no preference for any species and is the abundance who determines the prey. In addition, the predators did not show selectivity for the right or the left valve of the bivalves or preference for a special area of the shell surface.

Este informativo técnico descreve o cultivo de ostras com travesseiros flutuantes , uma técnica largamente empregada na América Norte, porém ainda não disseminada no Brasil. A descrição contém ilustrações e detalhes do manejo das ostras em uma fazenda em Santa Catarina, uma avaliação da utilização deste sistema nos meses de verão e de inverno, seguida de uma breve análise e de recomendações.

This text shows the impact of the Wari Empire on the way of life of the local population at the coastal site of Ancon, through the analysis of non-specific bone stress, as well as the traceology of the manufacturing techniques of malacological and lapidary funerary objects. The research on 11 individuals from the Necropolis of Miramar corresponding to the end of the Middle Horizon (800-1100 AD) is presented and the characterization of 72 malacological and lapidary pieces with scanning electron microscope and experimental archaeology. The result of the bone analysis shows that the greatest vulnerability occurred in children under two years old and young male adults, while the neonates and infants having the greatest amount and variety of stone materials from different regions of the Central Andes and mollusks from tropical waters. Despite the diversity of origins, the craft production of these objects was homogeneous and standardized as a result of a local production, while the elites at Ancon had benefited from the acquisition and distribution of this items. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Benthos is an efficient indicator of environmental disturbances, biodiversity and trophic dynamics. In Cuba, benthic mollusks have been reported as the main food for the lobster Panulirus argus. Objectives: To estimate spatiotemporal variations in the soft-bottom benthic community of the Gulf of Batabanó, and to infer, with emphasis on mollusks, the effect of such variations on the availability of food for spiny lobsters. Methods: A historical analysis of the variations in the density and biomass of megazoobenthos (organisms = 4 mm) and particularly of megazoobenthic mollusks was carried out, taking as a reference the studies published in 1990 (with samples from 1983) and recent data (2007-2018) recorded on site using comparable methodologies based on sediment drags. Abundance was given as density (ind/m2) and biomass in g/m2. Results: It was found that both the density and the biomass were significantly higher at the end of the last century and show a tendency to gradually decrease towards recent times. Regarding the values reported in 1983, the density of organisms showed a decrease of 73%, however, the biomass experienced an even greater decrease (86%). The areas with the highest density and biomass, both benthos and mollusks, have varied from 1983 and are currently located towards the center of the gulf. Despite this, bivalves continue to be better represented than gastropods. In general, mollusks showed a significant decrease (55% and 88% respectively). Conclusions: The deterioration of the benthic community in the fishing areas of the Gulf of Batabanó was corroborated and it was demonstrated, based on megazoobenthos, that malacofauna can be used as a reliable indicator of the general parameters of the softbottom benthic community. The availability of food for lobsters have decreased 55.6% compared to 1983. This could help to explain the current changes in the abundance, distribution and nutritional condition of lobsters, which could also be related to the recent megazoobenthos variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las poblaciones de las especies invasoras pueden diferir en las características que determinan la intensidad de sus efectos sobre los ecosistemas nativos. El estudio de la variación morfológica aporta información valiosa sobre diferentes procesos evolutivos y ecológicos en las especies. Con el objetivo de evaluar los patrones de variación morfológica del caracol gigante africano (Achatina fulica), una especie invasora presente en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, se colectaron individuos en las zonas urbanas de 4 municipios (Buenaventura, Cali, Tuluá y Cartago). A estos especímenes se les realizó un análisis de morfometría geométrica y clasificación con base en el patrón de coloración. Se encontró que existe variación morfológica significativa dentro de la población, además del patrón de bandas o coloración, con un total de 13 patrones en toda la muestra. Se proponen las condiciones ambientales de cada localidad y los controles realizados por la autoridad ambiental como posibles causantes de la variación.

The rocky shores in Chile have a wide invertebrate species diversity, that include species with marked abundances in determined regions. The aim of the present study is to analyse the spatial distribution pattern in different marine invertebrate species in rocky shore of Araucania region, considering if these species have random, uniform or associated patterns, and extrapolate if these patterns have Poisson, binomial or negative binomial distribution respectively. The results revealed the presence mainly of gastropods molluscs that would graze on benthic algae, these species have mainly aggregated pattern that has a robust negative binomial distribution pattern. The obtained results agree with observations for marine benthic fauna that mentioned the presence of aggregated pattern, has negative binomial distribution. Other ecological topics about spatial distribution were discussed. As costas rochosas no Chile têm uma ampla diversidade de espécies de invertebrados, que incluem espécies com abundância marcada em determinadas regiões. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar o padrão de distribuição espacial em diferentes espécies de invertebrados marinhos na costa rochosa da região de Araucanía, considerando se essas espécies possuem padrões aleatórios, uniformes ou associados, e extrapolar se esses padrões possuem distribuição binomial de Poisson, binomial ou negativa. respectivamente. Os resultados revelaram a presença principalmente de moluscos gastrópodes que pastam em algas bentônicas, estas espécies têm principalmente agregado padrão que tem um padrão robusto de distribuição binomial negativa, padrão agregado de grupos, e a fauna de água doce que apresenta distribuição binomial negativa. Outros tópicos ecológicos sobre distribuição espacial foram discutidos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The paper "Moluscos de la Isla del Coco" (Mollusks of Cocos Island) published in the Revista del Colegio Superior de Señoritas (1935) is the translation to Spanish of one of the last works of Paul Biolley Matthey (1862-1908), Swiss naturalist that lived in Costa Rica. This article was one product of a malacological research carried out during a scientific expedition organized by the 'Instituto Físico- Geográfico Nacional de Costa Rica' (IFGN) in 1902 to Cocos Island, at a time when the country claimed its sovereignty both in this territory. Objective: To analyze the contributions of the article "Moluscos de la Isla del Coco" from the Social History of Science approach. Methods: Most of the researches that have applied this approach in Costa Rica analyze processes of institutionalization of scientific disciplines. The methodology used in these works was very useful for the analysis of the Biolley article, together with the information of historical data provided by other texts about Cocos Island and the development of scientific research in Costa Rica from a temporal perspective. In addition, tables were made to synthesize the classification of the species and genera studied by Biolley in Cocos Island to identify their provenance and the habitat in which they lived. Results: This study of Biolley constitutes a text of interest from the point of view of the Social History of Science, due to the descriptions it offers of the physical conditions of the territory of Cocos Island, of the different species of mollusks located in them and to the exchange of information with national and foreign scientists that show the participation of Biolley in scientific networks. Conclusions: The analysis of the information with the Social History of Science approach, concludes that the compilation of the flora and fauna permits a greater knowledge of the natural resources of the explored territories, in order to colonize them and integrate them into the economic dynamics of the Central Valley of Costa Rica. However, attempts colonize Cocos Island failed given the distance between this and the continent, in addition to the topographic conditions that prevent the permanent establishment of human populations and their productive activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista FACE is the property of Universidad de Pamplona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Después del estudio de un gran número de surgencias en la provincia de Cuenca (España) se da a conocer el hallazgo, por primera vez en Castilla-La Mancha, del gasterópodo succineido Quickella arenaria, poco conocido en España. Además se señalan las amenazas que soporta la población en el paraje donde vive y se propone su conservación.

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La Española es la isla de mayor riqueza hidrológica de las Antillas Mayores y segunda en tamaño luego de Cuba. Dos naciones la ocupan, República Dominicana y Haití. En este trabajo se presenta el estado del conocimiento de los macroinvertebrados acuáticos de la isla La Española, resultando la primera lista de familias que unifica información dispersa y sirve de referente para futuros trabajos sobre la biota dulceacuícola. La metodología empleada incluyó la revisión de literatura y la inspección de aproximadamente 4.300 ejemplares de una colección de referencia. Los resultados muestran una rica biota compuesta por 107 familias de macroinvertebrados acuáticos, con los insectos como mayor componente (69 familias, 64,5% de los especímenes de la colección o 86,2% si se calcula con base en las 80 familias de insectos registradas para las Antillas Mayores), seguidos por los crustáceos (27) y los moluscos (11). Hay poca información sobre anélidos y platelmintos. Los órdenes de insectos con mayor riqueza de familias fueron Diptera (17), Coleoptera (15) y Trichoptera (12). El orden Megaloptera no está registrado para la isla y Plecoptera solo se conoce del registro fósil. Con base en el conocimiento de expertos se adicionaron Xiphocarididae (Decapoda), Hydrochidae (Coleoptera) y Blephariceridae (Diptera) y se sustituyó Tricorythidae por Leptohyphidae (Ephemeroptera). Se sugiere: a) mejorar las colecciones de referencia y su accesibilidad, b) realizar estudios taxonómicos enfatizando los grupos menos conocidos, c) realizar inventarios faunísticos, d) incorporar los macroinvertebrados en los programas de bioindicación y e) la formación de especialistas a nivel local.

Pomacea flagellata es un caracol conspicuo de zonas tropicales y subtropicales de América, que se ha consumido desde tiempos prehispánicos y actualmente es considerado sobreexplotado. Se realizó un experimento de cultivo de cuatro meses para determinar: la selección del substrato por la hembra, el tamaño de las huevas, el nivel del agua elegido para colocar la masa de huevos, el número de crías, y el tiempo de eclosión. Se utilizaron tres tinas de plástico que se llenaron con 100 L de agua, por duplicado y se colocaron tres sustratos: raíces de mangle, carrizo y tubo de PVC. Se registraron 57 huevas, 26 de ellas eclosionaron produciendo 5037 crías. Hubo más huevas en la “pared” de las tinas, donde se registraron 35 huevas, en raíces de mangle (18), en PVC 3 y en carrizo una hueva. Hubo diferencias significativas en la selección del sustrato, mientras que no se observaron diferencias significativas entre el número de huevas y las proporciones de sexos. La longitud promedio de la masa fue 32.99 ± 10.92, el ancho 16.44 ± 5.1 y grosor 8.08 ± 3.87 mm. La altura promedio de la puesta fue 15.66 ± 3.42 cm, con un tiempo medio de eclosión, de 13.30 ± 2.6 días, obteniéndose entre 94 a 301 crías por desove. Los caracoles utilizaron preferentemente las paredes de las tinas y es difícil determinar si no seleccionan sustrato para la puesta. El nivel del agua empleado es óptimo y permite que los organismos puedan colocar las masas de huevo, la producción de crías es adecuada y suficiente para iniciar programas de cultivo de producción de carne o de repoblación del medio natural.

Marine snails of the genus Conus have acquired remarkable biomedical importance because of the high number of toxins they produce for feeding and self-defense. One of these toxins gave way to a new medication and two other are under development for clinical and cosmetic purposes. Nevertheless, there is little basic knowledge about this group of species, particularly in Mexico. This study aimed to determine the relative abundance, spatial distribution, bathymetric distribution, and habitat preference of the snail Conus princeps along the southern coast of Jalisco (Mexico). To achieve this goal, we conducted direct samplings by snorkeling or scuba diving at 13 beaches, covering the intertidal, shallow subtidal, and deep subtidal zones. Relative density was between 0.021 and 0.418 snails per 100 m2, with an average value of 0.152 snails per 100 m². The population showed an aggregated spatial distribution pattern according to the nearest neighbor index. Snails had shells that measured between 23.1 mm and 52.2 mm long, with an average shell size of 39.7 mm. Conus princeps was mainly distributed in the intertidal and shallow subtidal zones. The smaller organisms were present at shallower depths, while the larger organisms were distributed throughout the sampled depth habitats. In general, snail abundance decreased as depth increased. From the underwater photography analysis, we determined that Conus princeps snails prefer rocky bottom habitats covered with brown seaweed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predation marks by drilling are indicators of the food activity of an organism and also helps to estimate the selective pressure of one species by another. Because this kind of interaction has not yet been described in Cuba, the aims of this work are identify and analyze the drilling predation marks in molluscs from three localities on the north coast of the island (Cayo Levisa, Cayo Guillermo and Playa Maguana). A total of 918 shells were collected from the mesolittoral thanatocoenosis (166 gastropods and 752 bivalves), distributed in 84 species (42 gastropod species and 42 bivalve species). Of them, the 31% of the species showed some mark of drilling predation. The percentage of depredated species were higher in Cayo Guillermo and Cayo Levisa (29% and 28% respectively) than in Playa Maguana where the value was lower (19%). The most depredated species were always the most abundant: Divalinga quadrisulcata and Chione cancellata, followed by Lucina pensylvanica, Tucetona pectinata and Codakia orbicularis. The above results indicate that there is no preference for any species and is the abundance who determines the prey. In addition, the predators did not show selectivity for the right or the left valve of the bivalves or preference for a special area of the shell surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stvdium (2444-6599) is the property of Prensas Universitarias de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A checklist of the marine bivalve species from Peru is presented, this list has 401 species which are distributed in 65 families and 195 genera. The taxonomical classification and nomenclature is based on classical and current bibliography including Bernard (1983) and Coan & Valentich-Scott (2012). We give distribution and hábitat information about every species.

A Formação Romualdo, Bacia do Araripe, corresponde a rochas sedimentares de ambiente transicional a marinho raso depositadas durante o Neoaptiano-Eoalbiano. No sítio Canastra, município de Araripina, Estado de Pernambuco, observam-se argilitos gradando para calcarenitos na base do afloramento. Nódulos calcários que na maioria das vezes abrigam peixes, são frequentemente encontrados nos argilitos. O paleoambiente é interpretado como transicional com variação de energia, sugerindo sucessivos ciclos transgressivos. No topo ocorrem rochas calcareníticas com presença de fósseis de moluscos e equinoides, permitindo o estabelecimento de tafofácies que auxiliaram na interpretação paleoambiental da área. A partir da análise tafonômica foram identificadas três tafofácies (T.I, T.II, T.III). A identificação de organismos marinhos nas tafofácies, como equinoides das espécies Pygurus tinocoi e Bothryopneustes araripensis em associação a gastrópodos cassiopídeos e biválvios mitilídeos, sugere deposição das espécies em ambiente marinho. Carapaças de equinoides articuladas bem preservadas ocorrendo associadamente aos biválvios articulados e fechados na T.I indicam uma comunidade vivente primariamente biogênica, gerada por depósitos de sufocamento (= obrution deposits). Nas T.II e T.III a fragmentação é comum, sendo encontrados bioclastos de várias classes de tamanho. As concentrações fossilíferas são pobremente selecionadas, com empacotamento complexo e caótico, tanto em planta como em seção vertical, feições estas típicas de eventos tempestíticos em áreas proximais. Conclui-se que o afloramento fossilífero de Canastra, representa a evolução da paleolaguna Araripe, que sofreu a influência de uma transgressão e gradou para um ambiente marinho raso com ocorrências de soterramento e transporte dos organismos macrobentônicos, entre a zona de praia e a plataforma de Araripina, através da ação de tempestades, corroborando com os dados obtidos para outras porções da bacia.

A mitilicultura no Brasil se baseia no mexilhão Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758), que é encontrado em todo o litoral brasileiro, sendo especialmente abundante do Espírito Santo a Santa Catarina. Nos últimos anos, foi lançada a hipótese de que P. perna seja uma espécie exótica no litoral brasileiro. A hipótese se baseia na análise da malacofauna presente em sítios arqueológicos. Todas as contestações levantadas não remetem à uma conclusão, pois precisam de estudos específicos, com metodologias claras, aliando arqueologia, ecologia e biologia molecular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a condição de nativo ou exótico do mexilhão Perna perna no Brasil, a partir de levantamento dos resultados em sítios arqueológicos, de técnicas moleculares e de datação de conchas com C14. A datação indicou que as amostras de Perna perna do sítio arqueológico Rio do Meio/Jurerê, Florianópolis/SC, têm idade de 720±30 e 780±30 anos. O cálculo do tempo de divergência indicou que a separação das populações brasileiras e africanas ocorreu por volta de 200 mil anos. Os resultados apontam a presença da espécie no território brasileiro muito antes do descobrimento do Brasil pelos portugueses no ano de 1500, indicando que P. perna é de fato uma espécie nativa.

La distinción taxonómica es una medida de diversidad que presenta una serie de ventajas que dan connotación relevante a la ecología teórica y aplicada. La utilidad de este tipo de medida como otro método para evaluar la biodiversidad de los ecosistemas marinos bentónicos de fondos blandos del Golfo de Batabanó (Cuba) se comprobó mediante el uso de los índices de distinción taxonómica promedio (Delta+) y la variación en la distinción taxonómica (Lambda+) de las comunidades de moluscos. Para este propósito, se utilizaron los inventarios de especies de moluscos bentónicos de fondos blandos obtenidos en el periodo 1981-1985 y en los años 2004 y 2007. Ambos listados de especies fueron analizados y comparados a escala espacial y temporal. La composición taxonómica entre el periodo y años estudiados se conformó de 3 clases, 20 órdenes, 60 familias, 137 géneros y 182 especies, observándose, excepto en el nivel de clase, una disminución no significativa de esta composición en 2004 y 2007. A escala espacial se detectó una disminución significativa en la riqueza taxonómica en el 2004. No se detectaron diferencias significativas en Delta+ y Lambda+ a escala temporal, pero si a escala espacial, hecho que se puede atribuir al efecto combinado del incremento de las actividades antropogénicas en la región con los efectos inducidos por los huracanes. Estos resultados sugieren que el par de índices Delta+ y Lambda+ son buenos descriptores de la biodiversidad de las comunidades de moluscos bentónicos de fondos blandos del Golfo de Batabanó.

O Programa Nacional de Controle Higiênico-Sanitário de Moluscos Bivalves (PNCMB) é executado em Santa Catarina há cinco anos. Durante esse período, estudos e discussões a respeito dos resultados do programa sugerem que ajustes legislativos poderiam aumentar a sua efetividade para a proteção da saúde pública, especialmente no que diz respeito ao controle de riscos microbiológicos. Nesse documento é apresentada uma análise comparativa do PNCMB com os regulamentos dos Estados Unidos da América e da União Europeia e os principais aspectos do PNCMB que diferem desses regulamentos são identificados. Além disso, são sugeridos ajustes que objetivam aumentar os níveis de proteção de saúde pública, promover a equivalência do programa executado em SC com programas internacionais análogos e otimizar os recursos investidos.

A census of mollusks in Boquerones, Ciego de Avila, Cuba was carried out. Biodiversity index were studied by vegetal formation, which are: Evergreen Forest, Semideciduous Forest and Mogote Vegetation Complex. The families best represented were Helicinidae, Annularidae, Urocoptidae and Subulinidae, taking the 97.6% of the species some degree of national endemism and being the 45.24% of these local endemic. The most widely distributed species was Farcimen camaguayanum Torre & Bartsch 1941 and the rarest was Euclastaria euclasta Shuttleworth 1852. The highest biodiversity values were observed in the Mogote Vegetation Complex being of 2,856 according to Shannon-Wiener (H´) index. So far species extinction events are not seen but not discarded for the future due to a decline in local rainfall during the last 15 years as well as human activities such as agriculture and local tourism.