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1. Atomic structure of Mn wires on Si(001) resolved by scanning tunneling microscopy

Author

Fuhrer, A., Rueß, F. J., Moll, N., Curioni, A., and Widmer, D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

At submonolayer coverage, Mn forms atomic wires on the Si(001) surface oriented perpendicular to the underlying Si dimer rows. While many other elements form symmetric dimer wires at room temperature, we show that Mn wires have an asymmetric appearance and pin the Si dimers nearby. We find that an atomic configuration with a Mn trimer unit cell can explain these observations due to the interplay between the Si dimer buckling phase near the wire and the orientation of the Mn trimer. We study the resulting four wire configurations in detail using high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging and compare our findings with STM images simulated by density functional theory., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2012
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2. Optimized stray-field-induced enhancement of the electron spin precession by buried Fe gates

Author

Meier, L., Salis, G., Moll, N., Ellenberger, C., Shorubalko, I., Wahlen, U., Ensslin, K., and Gini, E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The magnetic stray field from Fe gates is used to modify the spin precession frequency of InGaAs/GaAs quantum-well electrons in an external magnetic field. By using an etching process to position the gates directly in the plane of the quantum well, the stray-field influence on the spin precession increases significantly compared with results from previous studies with top-gated structures. In line with numerical simulations, the stray-field-induced precession frequency increases as the gap between the ferromagnetic gates is reduced. The inhomogeneous stray field leads to additional spin dephasing., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures

Published
2007
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3. Mode mixing in asymmetric double trench photonic crystal waveguides

Author

Vlasov, Yu. A., Moll, N., and McNab, S. J.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

e investigate both experimentally and theoretically the waveguiding properties of a novel double trench waveguide where a conventional single-mode strip waveguide is embedded in a two dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) slab formed in silicon on insulator (SOI) wafers. We demonstrate that the bandwidth for relatively low-loss (50dB/cm) waveguiding is significantly expanded to 250nm covering almost all the photonic band gap owing to nearly linear dispersion of the TE-like waveguiding mode. The flat transmission spectrum however is interrupted by numerous narrow stop bands. We found that these stop bands can be attributed to anti-crossing between TE-like (positive parity) and TM-like (negative parity) modes. This effect is a direct result of the strong asymmetry of the waveguides that have an upper cladding of air and lower cladding of oxide. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of the effects of cladding asymmetry on the transmission characteristics of the PhC slab waveguides., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures

Published
2003
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4. Equilibrium shapes and energies of coherent strained InP islands

Author

Liu, Q. K. K., Moll, N., Scheffler, M., and Pehlke, E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The equilibrium shapes and energies of coherent strained InP islands grown on GaP have been investigated with a hybrid approach that has been previously applied to InAs islands on GaAs. This combines calculations of the surface energies by density functional theory and the bulk deformation energies by continuum elasticity theory. The calculated equilibrium shapes for different chemical environments exhibit the {101}, {111}, {\=1\=1\=1} facets and a (001) top surface. They compare quite well with recent atomic-force microscopy data. Thus in the InP/GaInP-system a considerable equilibration of the individual islands with respect to their shapes can be achieved. We discuss the implications of our results for the Ostwald ripening of the coherent InP islands. In addition we compare strain fields in uncapped and capped islands., Comment: 10 pages including 6 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. B. Related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.html

Published
1999
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5. Formation and stability of self-assembled coherent islands in highly mismatched heteroepitaxy

Author

Wang, L. G., Kratzer, P., Scheffler, M., and Moll, N.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We study the energetics of island formation in Stranski-Krastanow growth within a parameter-free approach. It is shown that an optimum island size exists for a given coverage and island density if changes in the wetting layer morphology after the 3D transition are properly taken into account. Our approach reproduces well the experimental island size dependence on coverage, and indicates that the critical layer thickness depends on growth conditions. The present study provides a new explanation for the (frequently found) rather narrow size distribution of self-assembled coherent islands., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, In print, Phys. Rev. Lett. Other related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.html

Published
1999
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6. The influence of surface stress on the equilibrium shape of strained quantum dots

Author

Moll, N., Scheffler, M., and Pehlke, E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The equilibrium shapes of InAs quantum dots (i.e., dislocation-free, strained islands with sizes >= 10,000 atoms) grown on a GaAs (001) substrate are studied using a hybrid approach which combines density functional theory (DFT) calculations of microscopic parameters, surface energies, and surface stresses with elasticity theory for the long-range strain fields and strain relaxations. In particular we report DFT calculations of the surface stresses and analyze the influence of the strain on the surface energies of the various facets of the quantum dot. The surface stresses have been neglected in previous studies. Furthermore, the influence of edge energies on the island shapes is briefly discussed. From the knowledge of the equilibrium shape of these islands, we address the question whether experimentally observed quantum dots correspond to thermal equilibrium structures or if they are a result of the growth kinetics., Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B (February 2, 1998). Other related publications can be found at http://www.rz-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.html

Published
1998
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7. The Equilibrium Shape of Quantum Dots

Author

Pehlke, E., Moll, N., and Scheffler, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The formation of dislocation-free three-dimensional islands during the heteroepitaxial growth of lattice-mismatched materials has been observed experimentally for several material systems. The equilibrium shape of the islands is governed by the competition between the surface energy and the elastic relaxation energy of the islands as compared to the uniform strained film. As an exemplification we consider the experimentally intensively investigated growth of InAs quantum dots on a GaAs(001) substrate, deriving the equilibrium shape as a function of island volume. For this purpose InAs surface energies have been calculated within density-functional theory, and a continuum approach has been applied to compute the elastic relaxation energies., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Nuovo Cimento (November 27, 1996).

Published
1996

8. The GaAs Equilibrium Crystal Shape from First-Principles

Author

Moll, N., Kley, A., Pehlke, E., and Scheffler, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Surface energies for different GaAs surface orientations have been calculated as a function of the chemical potential. We use an energy density formalism within the first-principles pseudopotential density-functional approach. The equilibrium crystal shape (ECS) has been derived from the surface energies for the (110), (100), (111), and (-1-1-1) orientations. Under As-rich conditions all four considered surface orientations exist in thermodynamic equilibrium, in agreement with experimental observations. Moreover, our calculations allow us to decide on previous contradictory theoretical values for the surface energies of the (111) and (-1-1-1) facets., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, in uufiles form, to appear in Phys. Rev. B

Published
1996
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10. European Multicentre Tics in Children Studies (EMTICS)

Author

Schrag, A, Martino, D, Apter, A, Ball, J, Bartolini, E, Benaroya-Milshtein, N, Buttiglione, M, Cardona, F, Creti, R, Efstratiou, A, Gariup, M, Georgitsi, M, Hedderly, T, Heyman, I, Margarit, I, Mir, P, Moll, N, Morer, A, Müller, N, Müller-Vahl, K, Münchau, A, Orefici, G, Plessen, Kj, Porcelli, C, Paschou, P, Rizzo, R, Roessner, V, Schwarz, Mj, Steinberg, T, Tagwerker Gloor, F, Tarnok, Z, Walitza, S, Dietrich, A, Hoekstra, Pj, Zacharias, Anastasiou, Isobel, Heyman, Chaim, Huyser, Marcos, Madruga, Pablo, Mir, Astrid, Morer, Nanette Mol Debes, Natalie, Moll, Norbert Mu ̈ller, Peter, Nagy, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Cesare, Porcelli, Renata, Rizzo, Veit, Roessner, Jaana, Schnell, Liselotte, Skov, Zsanett, Tarnok, Susanne, Walitza, Andrea, Dietrich, Baglioni, Valentina, Juliane, Ball, Emese, Bognar, Bianka, Burger, Judith, Buse, Marta Correa Vela, Maria Cristina Ferro, Carolin, Fremer, Mariangela, Gulisano, Annelieke, Hagen, Julie, Hagstrøm, Anna, Marotta, Neri, Valeria, Thaïra J, C Openneer, Pellico, Alessandra, Kerstin, J Plessen, Daphna, Ruhrman, Jaana M, L Schnell, Silvestri, PAOLA ROSARIA, Tamar, Steinberg, Friederike Tagwerker Gloor, Elif, Weidinger, EMTICS Collaborative Group, Anastasiou, Z., Apter, A., Baglioni, V., Ball, J., Bartolini, E., Benaroya-Milshtein, N., Bodmer, B., Bognar, E., Burger, B., Buse, J., Buttiglione, M., Cardona, F., Correa Vela, M., Creti, R., Dietrich, A., Debes, N.M., Efstratiou, A., Ferro, M.C., Fremer, C., Garcia-Delgar, B., Gariup, M., Georgitsi, M., Gulisano, M., Hagen, A., Hagstrøm, J., Hedderly, T.J., Heyman, I., Hoekstra, P.J., Huyser, C., Imperi, M., Karagiannidis, I., Laviola, G., Macri, S., Madruga-Garrido, M., Margarit, I., Marotta, A., Martino, D., Meier, U.C., Mir, P., Moll, N., Morer, A., Müller, N., Müller-Vahl, K., Münchau, A., Nagy, P., Neri, V., Openneer, TJC, Orefici, G., Paschou, P., Pellico, A., Petruzzelli, O., Plessen, K.J., Porcelli, C., Redondo, M., Rizzo, R., Roazzi, P., Roessner, V., Ruhrman, D., Schnell, JML, Schrag, A., Schütze, G.A., Schwarz, M.J., Silvestri, P.R., Skov, L., Steinberg, T., Stöber, S., Gloor, F.T., Tallon, M., Tarnok, Z., Turner, V.L., Walitza, S., Weidinger, E., Woods, M.L., European Commission, National Institute for Health Research (UK), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (UK), University College London, NHS Foundation Trust, GlaxoSmithKline, German Research Foundation, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), and Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP)

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Tic disorder, BLOOD, Tourette syndrome, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Genetics, Longitudinal, Streptococcal infection, Stress, Prospective cohort study, Child, GENE-EXPRESSION, education.field_of_study, HAIR CORTISOL, 05 social sciences, A STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS, Original Contribution, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Europe, Psychiatry and Mental health, LA-TOURETTE SYNDROME, Child, Preschool, NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS, Cohort, Female, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Cohort study, medicine.medical_specialty, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Tics, Adolescent, PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS, Population, 03 medical and health sciences, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, education, Tic Disorders/complications, Tic Disorders/diagnosis, Tic Disorders/pathology, business.industry, OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, nervous system diseases, body regions, PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES, Tic Disorders, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Chronic Tic Disorder, business, human activities
Abstract

EMTICS Collaborative Group., Genetic predisposition, autoimmunity and environmental factors [e.g. pre- and perinatal difficulties, Group A Streptococcal (GAS) and other infections, stress-inducing events] might interact to create a neurobiological vulnerability to the development of tics and associated behaviours. However, the existing evidence for this relies primarily on small prospective or larger retrospective population-based studies, and is therefore still inconclusive. This article describes the design and methodology of the EMTICS study, a longitudinal observational European multicentre study involving 16 clinical centres, with the following objectives: (1) to investigate the association of environmental factors (GAS exposure and psychosocial stress, primarily) with the onset and course of tics and/or obsessive–compulsive symptoms through the prospective observation of at-risk individuals (ONSET cohort: 260 children aged 3–10 years who are tic-free at study entry and have a first-degree relative with a chronic tic disorder) and affected individuals (COURSE cohort: 715 youth aged 3–16 years with a tic disorder); (2) to characterise the immune response to microbial antigens and the host’s immune response regulation in association with onset and exacerbations of tics; (3) to increase knowledge of the human gene pathways influencing the pathogenesis of tic disorders; and (4) to develop prediction models for the risk of onset and exacerbations of tic disorders. The EMTICS study is, to our knowledge, the largest prospective cohort assessment of the contribution of different genetic and environmental factors to the risk of developing tics in putatively predisposed individuals and to the risk of exacerbating tics in young individuals with chronic tic disorders., This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant agreement no. 278367. Schrag was supported by the National Institute for Health Research UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, and Müller, Burger, Schnell and Weidinger by Stiftung Immunität und Seele. This research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and University College London (Heyman); partially sponsored by GSK Vaccines (Margarit, Bartolini); and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG): projects 1692/3-1, 4-1 (Münchau).

Published
2019

12. Activation and deactivation steps in the tryptophan breakdown pathway in major depressive disorder: A link to the monocyte inflammatory state of patients

Author

Arteaga-Henriquez, G. (Gara), Burger, B. (Bianka), Weidinger, E. (Elif), Grosse, L. (Laura), Moll, N. (Natalie), Schuetze, G. (Gregor), Schwarz, M. (Markus), Wijkhuijs, J.M. (Annemarie), Op de Beeck, G. (Gommaar), Berghmans, R. (Raf), Versnel, M.A. (Marjan), Arolt, V. (Volker), Müller, N. (Norbert), Drexhage, H.A. (Hemmo), Arteaga-Henriquez, G. (Gara), Burger, B. (Bianka), Weidinger, E. (Elif), Grosse, L. (Laura), Moll, N. (Natalie), Schuetze, G. (Gregor), Schwarz, M. (Markus), Wijkhuijs, J.M. (Annemarie), Op de Beeck, G. (Gommaar), Berghmans, R. (Raf), Versnel, M.A. (Marjan), Arolt, V. (Volker), Müller, N. (Norbert), and Drexhage, H.A. (Hemmo)

Abstract

It is unclear how the tryptophan (TRP) breakdown pathway relates to the activated inflammatory state of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We determined in two different cohorts of patients with MDD (n = 281) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 206) collected for the EU-MOODINFLAME project: a.) the monocyte expression levels of 5 key pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine genes (ICCGs), 5 type I interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), and 4 kynurenine pathway (KP) enzyme genes (i.e. IDO-1, KMO, CCBL1/KAT II and CCBL2/KAT III) by standard q-PCR, b.) serum levels of TRP, 5-HTrp, 5-HIAA, KYN, KYNA, 3-HK, XA, PIC, and QUIN by LC-MS/MS and/or HPLC, and calculated various TRP/KP metabolism ratios. We then correlated outcomes to each other, and to the clinical characteristics of patients. Both cohorts of patients differed clinically; patients of the Munich cohort (n = 50) were less overweight, less medicated, were less in the current episode and showed a higher HAM-D 17 score as compared with patients of the Muenster cohort (n = 231). An increased expression of ICCGs was found in the circulating monocytes of patients of both cohorts; this was in particular evident in the Munich cohort. In contrast, ISGs monocyte expression levels tended to be reduced (both cohorts). TRP serum levels were linked to the pro-inflammatory (ICCGs) monocyte state of patients; a decrease in TRP serum levels was found in the Munich cohort; TRP levels correlated negatively to patient's HAM-D 17 score. Contrary to what expected, KYN serum levels were not increased in patients (both cohorts); and an increased KYN/TRP ratio was only found in the Munich patients (who showed the lowest TRP serum levels). IDO-1 monocyte expression levels were decreased in patients (both cohorts) and negatively associated to their pro-inflammatory (ICCGs) monocyte state. Thus, a depletion of TRP via an ICCGs-inflammatory IDO activation is not likely in MDD. Downstream from KYN, and regarding compounds influencing glutama

Published
2021
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13. Activation and deactivation steps in the tryptophan breakdown pathway in major depressive disorder: A link to the monocyte inflammatory state of patients

Author

Arteaga-Henriquez, G, Burger, B, Weidinger, E, Grosse, L, Moll, N, Schuetze, G, Schwarz, M, Wijkhuijs, Annemarie, Op de Beeck, G, Berghmans, R, Versnel, Marjan, Arolt, V, Müller, N, Drexhage, Hemmo, Arteaga-Henriquez, G, Burger, B, Weidinger, E, Grosse, L, Moll, N, Schuetze, G, Schwarz, M, Wijkhuijs, Annemarie, Op de Beeck, G, Berghmans, R, Versnel, Marjan, Arolt, V, Müller, N, and Drexhage, Hemmo

Abstract

It is unclear how the tryptophan (TRP) breakdown pathway relates to the activated inflammatory state of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We determined in two different cohorts of patients with MDD (n = 281) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 206) collected for the EU-MOODINFLAME project: a.) the monocyte expression levels of 5 key pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine genes (ICCGs), 5 type I interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), and 4 kynurenine pathway (KP) enzyme genes (i.e. IDO-1, KMO, CCBL1/KAT II and CCBL2/KAT III) by standard q-PCR, b.) serum levels of TRP, 5-HTrp, 5-HIAA, KYN, KYNA, 3-HK, XA, PIC, and QUIN by LC-MS/MS and/or HPLC, and calculated various TRP/KP metabolism ratios. We then correlated outcomes to each other, and to the clinical characteristics of patients. Both cohorts of patients differed clinically; patients of the Munich cohort (n = 50) were less overweight, less medicated, were less in the current episode and showed a higher HAM-D 17 score as compared with patients of the Muenster cohort (n = 231). An increased expression of ICCGs was found in the circulating monocytes of patients of both cohorts; this was in particular evident in the Munich cohort. In contrast, ISGs monocyte expression levels tended to be reduced (both cohorts). TRP serum levels were linked to the pro-inflammatory (ICCGs) monocyte state of patients; a decrease in TRP serum levels was found in the Munich cohort; TRP levels correlated negatively to patient's HAM-D 17 score. Contrary to what expected, KYN serum levels were not increased in patients (both cohorts); and an increased KYN/TRP ratio was only found in the Munich patients (who showed the lowest TRP serum levels). IDO-1 monocyte expression levels were decreased in patients (both cohorts) and negatively associated to their pro-inflammatory (ICCGs) monocyte state. Thus, a depletion of TRP via an ICCGs-inflammatory IDO activation is not likely in MDD. Downstream from KYN, and regarding compounds influencing glut

Published
2021

17. ADOPTing a new method of partner management for genital chlamydia in New South Wales: Findings from a pilot implementation program of patient-delivered partner therapy

Author

Lorch, R, Bourne, C, Burton, L, Lewis, L, Brown, K, Bateson, D, Knight, V, Ooi, C, Hoffman, N, MacKson, J, Bower, H, Stewart, M, Moll, N, Micallef, J, Mooney-Somers, J, Donovan, B, Kaldor, J, Guy, R, Lorch, R, Bourne, C, Burton, L, Lewis, L, Brown, K, Bateson, D, Knight, V, Ooi, C, Hoffman, N, MacKson, J, Bower, H, Stewart, M, Moll, N, Micallef, J, Mooney-Somers, J, Donovan, B, Kaldor, J, and Guy, R

Abstract

Background: Patient-delivered partner therapy (PDPT) for chlamydia is an effective and safe additional partner management strategy. Some Australian regulatory changes have been made to support PDPT, but implementation guidance is lacking. This paper describes a pilot implementation program of PDPT in New South Wales (NSW), the Australian Development and Operationalisation of Partner Therapy (ADOPT). Methods: ADOPT involved: (1) clarification of the NSW PDPT legal and policy framework; (2) development and implementation of PDPT service models, resources and data collection tools for select publicly funded sexual health services (PFSHS) and Family Planning (FP) NSW clinics; and (3) evaluation of PDPT uptake. Results: PDPT can be undertaken in NSW if accompanied by adequate provider, patient and partner information. Regulatory amendments enabled medication prescribing. The pilot implementation took place in four PFSHS and five FPNSW clinics from January to December 2016. In PFSHS, 30% of eligible patients were offered PDPT and 89% accepted the offer. In FPNSW clinics, 42% of eligible patients were offered PDPT and 63% accepted the offer. Most partners for whom PDPT was accepted were regular partners. Conclusions: A close collaboration of researchers, policy makers and clinicians allowed successful implementation of a PDPT model for chlamydia in heterosexual patients at select PFSHS and FPNSW clinics, providing guidance on its use as standard of care. However, for the full public health benefits of PDPT to be realised, it must be implemented in general practice, where most chlamydia is diagnosed. Further work is recommended to explore feasibility, develop guidelines and promote the integration of PDPT into general practice.

Published
2019

19. Serum neurofilament light chain levels are increased in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome

Author

Disanto, G1, Adiutori, R2, Dobson, R2, Martinelli, V3, Dalla Costa G3, Runia, T4, Evdoshenko, E5, Thouvenot, E6, Trojano, M7, Norgren, N8, Teunissen, C9, Kappos, L10, Giovannoni, G2, Kuhle, J, Bianchi, L, Topping, J, Bestwick, Jp, Meier, Uc, Lazareva, N, Iaffaldano, P, Direnzo, V, Khademi, M, Piehl, F, Comabella, M, Sombekke, M, Killestein, J, Hegen, H, Rauch, S, D'Alfonso, S, Alvarez-Cermeño, Jc, Kleinová, P, Horáková, D, Roesler, R, Lauda, F, Llufriu, S, Avsar, T, Uygunoglu, U, Altintas, A, Saip, S, Menge, T, Rajda, C, Bergamaschi, R, Moll, N, Khalil, M, Marignier, R, Dujmovic, I, Larsson, H, Malmestrom, C, Scarpini, E, Fenoglio, C, Wergeland, S, Laroni, A, Annibali, V, Romano, S, Martínez, Ad, Carra, A, Salvetti, M, Uccelli, A, Torkildsen, Ø, Myhr, Km, Galimberti, D, Rejdak, K, Lycke, J, Frederiksen, Jl, Drulovic, J, Confavreux, C, Brassat, D, Enzinger, C, Fuchs, S, Bosca, I, Pelletier, J, Picard, C, Colombo, E, Franciotta, D, Derfuss, T, Lindberg, Rl, Yaldizli, Ö, Vécsei, L, Kieseier, Bc, Hartung, Hp, Villoslada, P, Siva, A, Saiz, A, Tumani, H, Havrdová, E, Villar, Lm, Leone, M, Barizzone, N, Deisenhammer, F, Montalban, X, Tintoré, M, Olsson, T, Lehmann, S, Castelnovo, G, Lapin, S, Hintzen, R, Furlan, R, Comi, G, Ramagopalan, Sv., Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neuroinfection & -inflammation, Disanto, G., Adiutori, R., Dobson, R., Martinelli, V., Dalla Costa, G., Runia, T., Evdoshenko, E., Thouvenot, E., Trojano, M., Norgren, N., Teunissen, C., Kappos, L., Giovannoni, G., Kuhle, J., on behalf of the International ClinicallyIsolated Syndrome Study, Group, and Neurology

Subjects
Male, Pathology, Future studies, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurofilament Proteins, Multiple Sclerosi, 0303 health sciences, Clinically isolated syndrome, medicine.diagnostic_test, Medicine (all), Neurofilament Protein, Demyelinating Disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychiatry and Mental Health, Predictive value of tests, Disease Progression, Biomarker (medicine), [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Multiple Sclerosis, Neurofilament light, multiple sclerosis, adult, axons, biomarkers, demyelinating diseases, disease progression, female, follow-up studies, humans, magnetic resonance imaging, male, neurofilament proteins, predictive value of tests, neurology (clinical), psychiatry and mental health, surgery, arts and humanities (miscellaneous), medicine (all), [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, Axon, Follow-Up Studie, 03 medical and health sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Magnetic resonance imaging, Biomarker, medicine.disease, Axons, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers, Demyelinating Diseases, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND:Neurofilament light chain (NfL) represents a promising biomarker for axonal injury. We present the first exploratory study on serum NfL in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and healthy controls.METHODS:We investigated serum NfL levels in 100 patients with CIS with a short conversion interval to clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) (fast converters (FC), median (IQR) conversion time: 110 days (79-139)); 98 patients with non-converting CIS (non-converters (NC), follow-up: 6.5 years (5.3-7.9)); and 92 healthy controls.RESULTS:NfL levels were higher in FC (24.1 pg/mL (13.5-51.8)) and NC (19.3 pg/mL (13.6-35.2)) than in healthy controls (7.9 pg/mL (5.6-17.2)) (OR=5.85; 95% CI 2.63 to 13.02; p = 1.5 × 10(-5) and OR = 7.03; 95% CI 2.85 to 17.34; p = 2.3 × 10(-5), respectively). When grouping FC and NC, increased serum NfL concentration was also associated with increasing numbers of T2 hyperintense MRI lesions (OR = 2.36; 95% CI 1.21 to 4.59; p = 0.011), gadolinium-enhancing lesions (OR = 2.69; 95% CI 1.13 to 6.41; p=0.026) and higher disability scores (OR = 2.54; 95% CI 1.21 to 5.31; p = 0.013) at CIS diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS:If replicated in future studies, serum NfL may represent a reliable and easily accessible biomarker of early axonal damage in CIS and MS.

Published
2016

22. Abstract #4381 Associations between hypovitaminosis-D and tic severity and comorbidities in children and adolescents with chronic tic-disorders: A large pan-European cross-sectional study

Author

Moll, N., primary, Bond, M., additional, Rosello, A., additional, Bond, R., additional, Burger, B., additional, Hoekstra, P.J., additional, Dietrich, A., additional, Schrag, A., additional, Kocovska, E., additional, Martino, D., additional, Mueller, N., additional, Schwarz, M., additional, and Meier, U.-C., additional

Published
2019
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26. Epstein-Barr-negative MS: a true phenomenon?

Author

Dobson, Ruth, Kuhle, Jens, Middeldorp, Jaap, Giovannoni, Gavin, on behalf of the international CIS study investigators including Dalla Costa, G, Furlan, R, Martinelli, V, Comi, G, Runia, T, Hintzen, R, Evdoshenko, E, Lazareva, N, Lapin, S, Thouvenot, E, Lehmann, S, Castelnovo, G, Iaffaldano, P, Direnzo, V, Trojano, M, Khademi, . M, Piehl, F, Olsson, T, Comabella, M, Montalban, X, Tintoré, M, Sombekke, M, Killestein, J, Teunissen, C, Hegen, H, Deisenhammer, F, Rauch, S, D'Alfonso, S, Barizzone, N, Alvarez Cermeño, Jc, Villar, Lm, Kleinová, P, Horáková, D, Havrdová, E, Roesler, R, Lauda, F, Tumani, H, Llufriu, S, Villoslada, P, Saiz, A, Avsar, T, Uygunoglu, U, Altintas, A, Saip, S, Siva, A, Menge, T, Kieseier, Bc, Hartung, Hp, Rajda, C, Vécsei, L, Bergamaschi, R, Colombo, E, Franciotta, D, Moll, N, Pelletier, J, Picard, C, Khalil, M, Enzinger, C, Fuchs, S, Marignier, R, Confavreux, C, Dujmovic, I, Drulovic, J, Larsson, H, Malmestrom, C, Lycke, J, Scarpini, E, C. Fenoglio, C, Galimberti, D, Wergeland, S, Torkildsen, Ø, Myhr, Km, Laroni, Alice, Uccelli, Antonio, Annibali, V, Romano, S, Salvetti, M, Martínez, Ad, Carra, A, Rejdak, K, Frederiksen, Jl, Brassat, D, Bosca, I, Casanova, B, Derfuss, T, Lindberg, R, Yaldizli, Ö, Kappos, L, Leone, M., and Pathology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, business.industry, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurology, Epstein barr, Phenomenon, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), business, Competence (human resources), Social psychology, Clinical/Scientific Notes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

This work was supported by institutional funding and in part by the BMBF grant KKNMS (Competence Net Multiple Sclerosis) to H Tumani.

Published
2017

27. Mode mixing in asymmetric double-trench photonic crystal waveguides.

Author

Viasov, Yu. A., Moll, N., and McNab, S. J.

Subjects
*PHOTONICS, *SILICON, *CRYSTALS, *PLASMA waveguides, *PARTICLE size determination, *DISPERSION (Chemistry)
Abstract

We investigate, both experimentally and theoretically, the waveguiding properties of a double-trench waveguide in which a conventional single-mode strip waveguide is embedded in a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) slab formed in silicon-on-insulator wafers. We demonstrate that the bandwidth for relatively low-loss (50 dB/cm) waveguiding is significantly expanded to 250 nm, covering almost all the photonic bandgap owing to nearly linear dispersion of the TE-like waveguiding mode. The flat transmission spectrum, however, is interrupted by numerous narrow stop bands. We found that these stop bands can be attributed to anticrossing between TE-like (positive parity) and TM-like (negative parity) modes. This effect is a direct result of the strong asymmetry of the waveguides that have an upper cladding of air and lower cladding of oxide. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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28. Comparison of three-dimensional photonic crystal slab waveguides with two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides: Efficient butt coupling into these photonic crystal waveguides.

Author

Moll, N. and Bona, G.-L.

Subjects
*PHOTONICS, *WAVEGUIDES
Abstract

Butt coupling into photonic crystal waveguides is computationally investigated for a three-dimensional photonic crystal slab and a two-dimensional photonic crystal. The photonic crystal slab consists of a silicon-on-insulator substrate with a triangular array of holes, in which the silicon layer is the optical guiding layer. The transmission spectra of the two-dimensional system and the slab system differ significantly. The slab system supports only a small range of frequencies in which a guided mode exists. In this frequency range, the transmission is comparable with that of the two-dimensional system, and its value is around 0.8. For the other frequencies, where for the slab system only resonances exist, the transmission is much lower than that of the two-dimensional system because of losses in the photonic crystal waveguide. Therefore, we conclude that complete three-dimensional computations have to be performed to obtain quantitative results for photonic crystal slab systems. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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30. Mode mixing in asymmetric double-trench photonic crystal waveguides

Author

Vlasov, Yu. A., Moll, N., and Mcnab, S.J.

Subjects
Silicon-on-isolator -- Analysis, Waveguides -- Research, Waveguides -- Properties, Photonics -- Research, Physics
Abstract

The waveguiding properties of a double-trench waveguide in which a conventional single-mode strip waveguide is embedded a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab formed in silicon-on-insulator Wafers (SOI) are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Quantitative transmission measurements of integrated optical circuits containing inherent asymmetry of SOI-based Dt PhC structuresinduce weak coupling of the modes of different polarizationEs, which result in the appearance of multiple narrow stop bands and additional attenuation.

Published
2004

31. An analytical study of etch and etch-stop reactions for GaAs on AlGaAs in CCl2F2 plasma.

Author

Seaward, K. L., Moll, N. J., Coulman, D. J., and Stickle, W. F.

Subjects
*GALLIUM, *ARSENIC, *CARBON, *CHLORINE, *FLUORINE
Abstract

Presents a study which examined the selective reactive ion etching of gallium arsenic (GaAs) in carbon chlorine [sub 2] fluorine [sub 2]plasma in situ by optical emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Experimental apparatus and techniques; GaAs etch reactions; Aluminum GaAs etch-stop reactions; Conclusions.

Published
1987
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34. Conversion from clinically isolated syndrome to multiple sclerosis:A large multicentre study

Author

Kuhle, J, Disanto, G, Dobson, R, Adiutori, R, Bianchi, L, Topping, J, Bestwick, J P, Meier, U-C, Marta, M, Dalla Costa, G, Runia, T, Evdoshenko, E, Lazareva, N, Thouvenot, E, Iaffaldano, P, Direnzo, V, Khademi, M, Piehl, F, Comabella, M, Sombekke, M, Killestein, J, Hegen, H, Rauch, S, D'Alfonso, S, Alvarez-Cermeño, J C, Kleinová, P, Horáková, D, Roesler, R, Lauda, F, Llufriu, S, Avsar, T, Uygunoglu, U, Altintas, A, Saip, S, Menge, T, Rajda, C, Bergamaschi, R, Moll, N, Khalil, M, Marignier, R, Dujmovic, I, Larsson, H, Malmestrom, C, Scarpini, E, Fenoglio, C, Wergeland, S, Laroni, A, Annibali, V, Romano, S, Martínez, A D, Carra, A, Salvetti, M, Uccelli, A, Torkildsen, Ø, Myhr, K M, Galimberti, D, Rejdak, K, Lycke, J, Fredriksen, Jette Lautrup, Drulovic, J, Confavreux, C, Brassat, D, Enzinger, C, Fuchs, S, Bosca, I, Pelletier, J, Picard, C, Colombo, E, Franciotta, D, Derfuss, T, Lindberg, Rlp, Yaldizli, Ö, Vécsei, L, Kieseier, B C, Hartung, H P, Villoslada, P, Siva, A, Saiz, A, Tumani, H, Havrdová, E, Villar, L M, Leone, M, Barizzone, N, Deisenhammer, F, Teunissen, C, Montalban, X, Tintoré, M, Olsson, T, Trojano, M, Lehmann, S, Castelnovo, G, Lapin, S, Hintzen, R, Kappos, L, Furlan, R, Martinelli, V, Comi, G, Ramagopalan, S V, Giovannoni, G, Kuhle, J, Disanto, G, Dobson, R, Adiutori, R, Bianchi, L, Topping, J, Bestwick, J P, Meier, U-C, Marta, M, Dalla Costa, G, Runia, T, Evdoshenko, E, Lazareva, N, Thouvenot, E, Iaffaldano, P, Direnzo, V, Khademi, M, Piehl, F, Comabella, M, Sombekke, M, Killestein, J, Hegen, H, Rauch, S, D'Alfonso, S, Alvarez-Cermeño, J C, Kleinová, P, Horáková, D, Roesler, R, Lauda, F, Llufriu, S, Avsar, T, Uygunoglu, U, Altintas, A, Saip, S, Menge, T, Rajda, C, Bergamaschi, R, Moll, N, Khalil, M, Marignier, R, Dujmovic, I, Larsson, H, Malmestrom, C, Scarpini, E, Fenoglio, C, Wergeland, S, Laroni, A, Annibali, V, Romano, S, Martínez, A D, Carra, A, Salvetti, M, Uccelli, A, Torkildsen, Ø, Myhr, K M, Galimberti, D, Rejdak, K, Lycke, J, Fredriksen, Jette Lautrup, Drulovic, J, Confavreux, C, Brassat, D, Enzinger, C, Fuchs, S, Bosca, I, Pelletier, J, Picard, C, Colombo, E, Franciotta, D, Derfuss, T, Lindberg, Rlp, Yaldizli, Ö, Vécsei, L, Kieseier, B C, Hartung, H P, Villoslada, P, Siva, A, Saiz, A, Tumani, H, Havrdová, E, Villar, L M, Leone, M, Barizzone, N, Deisenhammer, F, Teunissen, C, Montalban, X, Tintoré, M, Olsson, T, Trojano, M, Lehmann, S, Castelnovo, G, Lapin, S, Hintzen, R, Kappos, L, Furlan, R, Martinelli, V, Comi, G, Ramagopalan, S V, and Giovannoni, G

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: We explored which clinical and biochemical variables predict conversion from clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) in a large international cohort.METHODS: Thirty-three centres provided serum samples from 1047 CIS cases with at least two years' follow-up. Age, sex, clinical presentation, T2-hyperintense lesions, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal bands (OCBs), CSF IgG index, CSF cell count, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-D), cotinine and IgG titres against Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) and cytomegalovirus were tested for association with risk of CDMS.RESULTS: At median follow-up of 4.31 years, 623 CIS cases converted to CDMS. Predictors of conversion in multivariable analyses were OCB (HR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.71-2.77, p < 0.001), number of T2 lesions (two to nine lesions vs 0/1 lesions: HR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.52-2.55, p < 0.001; >9 lesions vs 0/1 lesions: HR = 2.74, 95% CI = 2.04-3.68, p < 0.001) and age at CIS (HR per year inversely increase = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.98-0.99, p < 0.001). Lower 25-OH-D levels were associated with CDMS in univariable analysis, but this was attenuated in the multivariable model. OCB positivity was associated with higher EBNA-1 IgG titres.CONCLUSIONS: We validated MRI lesion load, OCB and age at CIS as the strongest independent predictors of conversion to CDMS in this multicentre setting. A role for vitamin D is suggested but requires further investigation.

Published
2015

35. Radio frequency induced and neoclassical asymmetries and their effects on turbulent impurity transport in a tokamak

Author

Pusztai, Istv��n, Landreman, Matt, Moll��n, Albert, Kazakov, Yevgen O., and F��l��p, T��nde

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Physics::Plasma Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Computer Science::Databases, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Poloidal asymmetries in the impurity density can be generated by radio frequency heating in the core and by neoclassical effects in the edge of tokamak plasmas. In a pedestal case study, using global neoclassical simulations we find that finite orbit width effects can generate significant poloidal variation in the electrostatic potential, which varies on a small radial scale. Gyrokinetic modeling shows that these poloidal asymmetries can be strong enough to significantly modify turbulent impurity peaking. In the pedestal the ExB drift in the radial electric field can give a larger contribution to the poloidal motion of impurities than that of their parallel streaming. Under such circumstances we find that up-down asymmetries can also affect impurity peaking., Paper for 14th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices, revised version, submitted

Published
2013

36. Stabilization of semiconductor surfaces through bulk dopants

Author

Moll, N., Xu, Y., Hofmann, O., and Rinke, P.

Abstract

We show by employing density-functional theory (DFT) calculations (including a hybrid functional) that ZnO surfaces can be stabilized by bulk dopants. As an example, we study the bulk-terminated ZnO (0001) surface covered with half a monolayer of hydrogen. We demonstrate that deviations from this half-monolayer coverage can be stabilized by electrons or holes from bulk dopants. The electron chemical potential therefore becomes a crucial parameter that cannot be neglected in semiconductor surface studies. As one result, we nd that to form the defect-free surface with a half-monolayer coverage of hydrogen for n-type ZnO, ambient hydrogen background pressures are more conducive than high vacuum pressures.

Published
2013

38. Conversion from clinically isolated syndrome to multiple sclerosis: A large multicentre study

Author

Kuhle, J, primary, Disanto, G, additional, Dobson, R, additional, Adiutori, R, additional, Bianchi, L, additional, Topping, J, additional, Bestwick, JP, additional, Meier, U-C, additional, Marta, M, additional, Costa, G Dalla, additional, Runia, T, additional, Evdoshenko, E, additional, Lazareva, N, additional, Thouvenot, E, additional, Iaffaldano, P, additional, Direnzo, V, additional, Khademi, M, additional, Piehl, F, additional, Comabella, M, additional, Sombekke, M, additional, Killestein, J, additional, Hegen, H, additional, Rauch, S, additional, D’Alfonso, S, additional, Alvarez-Cermeño, JC, additional, Kleinová, P, additional, Horáková, D, additional, Roesler, R, additional, Lauda, F, additional, Llufriu, S, additional, Avsar, T, additional, Uygunoglu, U, additional, Altintas, A, additional, Saip, S, additional, Menge, T, additional, Rajda, C, additional, Bergamaschi, R, additional, Moll, N, additional, Khalil, M, additional, Marignier, R, additional, Dujmovic, I, additional, Larsson, H, additional, Malmestrom, C, additional, Scarpini, E, additional, Fenoglio, C, additional, Wergeland, S, additional, Laroni, A, additional, Annibali, V, additional, Romano, S, additional, Martínez, AD, additional, Carra, A, additional, Salvetti, M, additional, Uccelli, A, additional, Torkildsen, Ø, additional, Myhr, KM, additional, Galimberti, D, additional, Rejdak, K, additional, Lycke, J, additional, Frederiksen, JL, additional, Drulovic, J, additional, Confavreux, C, additional, Brassat, D, additional, Enzinger, C, additional, Fuchs, S, additional, Bosca, I, additional, Pelletier, J, additional, Picard, C, additional, Colombo, E, additional, Franciotta, D, additional, Derfuss, T, additional, Lindberg, RLP, additional, Yaldizli, Ö, additional, Vécsei, L, additional, Kieseier, BC, additional, Hartung, HP, additional, Villoslada, P, additional, Siva, A, additional, Saiz, A, additional, Tumani, H, additional, Havrdová, E, additional, Villar, LM, additional, Leone, M, additional, Barizzone, N, additional, Deisenhammer, F, additional, Teunissen, C, additional, Montalban, X, additional, Tintoré, M, additional, Olsson, T, additional, Trojano, M, additional, Lehmann, S, additional, Castelnovo, G, additional, Lapin, S, additional, Hintzen, R, additional, Kappos, L, additional, Furlan, R, additional, Martinelli, V, additional, Comi, G, additional, Ramagopalan, SV, additional, and Giovannoni, G, additional

Published
2015
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40. The chemical structure of a molecule resolved by atomic force microscopy

Author

Gross, L., Mohn, F., Moll, N., Liljeroth, P., Meyer, G., Condensed Matter and Interfaces, and Sub Condensed Matter and Interfaces

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Physics::Atomic Physics
Abstract

Resolving individual atoms has always been the ultimate goal of surface microscopy. The scanning tunneling microscope images atomic-scale features on surfaces, but resolving single atoms within an adsorbed molecule remains a great challenge because the tunneling current is primarily sensitive to the local electron density of states close to the Fermi level. We demonstrate imaging of molecules with unprecedented atomic resolution by probing the short-range chemical forces with use of noncontact atomic force microscopy. The key step is functionalizing the microscope’s tip apex with suitable, atomically well-defined terminations, such as CO molecules. Our experimental findings are corroborated by ab initio density functional theory calculations. Comparison with theory shows that Pauli repulsion is the source of the atomic resolution, whereas van der Waals and electrostatic forces only add a diffuse attractive background.

Published
2009

43. The chemical structure of a molecule resolved by atomic force microscopy

Author

Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Sub Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Gross, L., Mohn, F., Moll, N., Liljeroth, P.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/314007423, Meyer, G., Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Sub Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Gross, L., Mohn, F., Moll, N., Liljeroth, P.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/314007423, and Meyer, G.

Published
2009

44. Tocopherol Derivative TFA-12 Promotes Myelin Repair in Experimental Models of Multiple Sclerosis

Author

Blanchard, B., primary, Heurtaux, T., additional, Garcia, C., additional, Moll, N. M., additional, Caillava, C., additional, Grandbarbe, L., additional, Klosptein, A., additional, Kerninon, C., additional, Frah, M., additional, Coowar, D., additional, Baron-Van Evercooren, A., additional, Morga, E., additional, Heuschling, P., additional, and Nait Oumesmar, B., additional

Published
2013
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45. The equilibrium shape of InAs quantum dots grown on a GaAs(001) substrate

Author

Pehlke, E., Moll, N., and Scheffler, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter::Other, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect
Abstract

The equilibrium shape of strained InAs quantum dots grown epitaxially on a GaAs(001) substrate is derived as a function of volume. InAs surface energies are calculated within density-functional theory, and a continuum approach is applied for the elastic relaxation energies., 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in "The Physics of Semiconductors"

Published
1996

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