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5. Fungal Planet description sheets: 868–950

Author

Crous, P.W. (Pedro Willem), Carnegie, A.J., Wingfield, M.J., Sharma, R., Mughini, G., Noordeloos, M.E., Santini, A., Shouche, Y.S., Bezerra, J.D.P., Dima, B., Guarnaccia, V., Imrefi, I., Jurjević, Ž., Knapp, D.G., Kovács, G.M., Magistà, D., Perrone, G., Rämä, T., Rebriev, Y.A., Shivas, R.G., Singh, S.M., Souza-Motta, C.M., Thangavel, R., Adhapure, N.N., Alexandrova, A.V., Alfenas, A.C., Alfenas, R.F., Alvarado, P., Alves, A.L., Andrade, D.A., Andrade, J.P., Barbosa, R.N., Barili, A., Barnes, C.W., Baseia, I.G., Bellanger, J.-M., Berlanas, C., Bessette, A.E., Bessette, A.R., Biketova, A.Yu., Bomfim, F.S., Brandrud, (Tor Erik), Bransgrove, K., Brito, A.C.Q., Cano-Lira, J.F., Cantillo, T., Cavalcanti, A.D., Cheewangkoon, R., Chikowski, R.S., Conforto, C., Cordeiro, T.R.L., Craine, J.D., Cruz, R., Damm, U., de Oliveira, R.J.V., de Souza, J.T., de Souza, H.G., Dearnaley, J.D.W., Dimitrov, R.A., Dovana, F., Erhard, A., Esteve-Raventós, F., Félix, C.R., Ferisin, G., Fernandes, R.A., Ferreira, R.J., Ferro, L.O., Figueiredo, C.N., Frank, J.L., Freire, K.T.L.S., García, D., Gené, J., Gęsiorska, A., Gibertoni, T.B., Gondra, R.A.G., Gouliamova, D.E., Gramaje, D., Guard, F., Gusmão, L.F.P., Haitook, S., Hirooka, Y., Houbraken, J., Hubka, V., Inamdar, A., Iturriaga, T., Iturrieta-González, I., Jadan, M., Jiang, N., Justo, A., Kachalkin, A.V., Kapitonov, V.I., Karadelev, M., Karakehian, J., Kasuya, T., Kautmanová, I., Kruse, J., Kušan, I., Kuznetsova, T.A., Landell, M.F., Larsson, K.-H., Lee, H.B., Lima, D.X., Lira, C.R.S., Machado, A.R., Madrid, H., Magalhães, O.M.C., Majerova, H., Malysheva, E.F., Mapperson, R.R., Marbach, P.A.S., Martín, M.P., Martín-Sanz, A., Matočec, N., McTaggart, A.R., Mello, J.F., Melo, R.F.R., Mešič, A., Michereff, S.J., Miller, A.N., Minoshima, A., Molinero-Ruiz, L., Morozova, O.V., Mosoh, D., Nabe, M., Naik, R., Nara, K., Nascimento, S.S., Neves, R.P., Olariaga, I., Oliveira, R.L., Oliveira, T.G.L., Ono, T., Ordoñez, M.E., de M. Ottoni, A., Paiva, L.M., Pancorbo, F., Pant, B., Pawłowska, J., Peterson, S.W., Raudabaugh, D.B., Rodríguez-Andrade, E., Rubio, E., Rusevska, K., Santiago, A.L.C.M.A., Santos, A.C.S., Santos, C., Sazanova, N.A., Shah, S., Sharma, J., Silva, B.D.B., Siquier, J.L., Sonawane, M.S., Stchigel, A.M., Svetasheva, T., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M.T., Tiago, P.V., Tian, C.M., Tkalčec, Z., Tomashevskaya, M.A., Truong, H.H., Vecherskii, M.V., Visagie, C.M., Vizzini, A., Yilmaz, N., Zmitrovich, I.V., Zvyagina, E.A., Boekhout, T. (Teun), Kehlet, T., Læssøe, T., Groenewald, J.Z., Crous, P.W. (Pedro Willem), Carnegie, A.J., Wingfield, M.J., Sharma, R., Mughini, G., Noordeloos, M.E., Santini, A., Shouche, Y.S., Bezerra, J.D.P., Dima, B., Guarnaccia, V., Imrefi, I., Jurjević, Ž., Knapp, D.G., Kovács, G.M., Magistà, D., Perrone, G., Rämä, T., Rebriev, Y.A., Shivas, R.G., Singh, S.M., Souza-Motta, C.M., Thangavel, R., Adhapure, N.N., Alexandrova, A.V., Alfenas, A.C., Alfenas, R.F., Alvarado, P., Alves, A.L., Andrade, D.A., Andrade, J.P., Barbosa, R.N., Barili, A., Barnes, C.W., Baseia, I.G., Bellanger, J.-M., Berlanas, C., Bessette, A.E., Bessette, A.R., Biketova, A.Yu., Bomfim, F.S., Brandrud, (Tor Erik), Bransgrove, K., Brito, A.C.Q., Cano-Lira, J.F., Cantillo, T., Cavalcanti, A.D., Cheewangkoon, R., Chikowski, R.S., Conforto, C., Cordeiro, T.R.L., Craine, J.D., Cruz, R., Damm, U., de Oliveira, R.J.V., de Souza, J.T., de Souza, H.G., Dearnaley, J.D.W., Dimitrov, R.A., Dovana, F., Erhard, A., Esteve-Raventós, F., Félix, C.R., Ferisin, G., Fernandes, R.A., Ferreira, R.J., Ferro, L.O., Figueiredo, C.N., Frank, J.L., Freire, K.T.L.S., García, D., Gené, J., Gęsiorska, A., Gibertoni, T.B., Gondra, R.A.G., Gouliamova, D.E., Gramaje, D., Guard, F., Gusmão, L.F.P., Haitook, S., Hirooka, Y., Houbraken, J., Hubka, V., Inamdar, A., Iturriaga, T., Iturrieta-González, I., Jadan, M., Jiang, N., Justo, A., Kachalkin, A.V., Kapitonov, V.I., Karadelev, M., Karakehian, J., Kasuya, T., Kautmanová, I., Kruse, J., Kušan, I., Kuznetsova, T.A., Landell, M.F., Larsson, K.-H., Lee, H.B., Lima, D.X., Lira, C.R.S., Machado, A.R., Madrid, H., Magalhães, O.M.C., Majerova, H., Malysheva, E.F., Mapperson, R.R., Marbach, P.A.S., Martín, M.P., Martín-Sanz, A., Matočec, N., McTaggart, A.R., Mello, J.F., Melo, R.F.R., Mešič, A., Michereff, S.J., Miller, A.N., Minoshima, A., Molinero-Ruiz, L., Morozova, O.V., Mosoh, D., Nabe, M., Naik, R., Nara, K., Nascimento, S.S., Neves, R.P., Olariaga, I., Oliveira, R.L., Oliveira, T.G.L., Ono, T., Ordoñez, M.E., de M. Ottoni, A., Paiva, L.M., Pancorbo, F., Pant, B., Pawłowska, J., Peterson, S.W., Raudabaugh, D.B., Rodríguez-Andrade, E., Rubio, E., Rusevska, K., Santiago, A.L.C.M.A., Santos, A.C.S., Santos, C., Sazanova, N.A., Shah, S., Sharma, J., Silva, B.D.B., Siquier, J.L., Sonawane, M.S., Stchigel, A.M., Svetasheva, T., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M.T., Tiago, P.V., Tian, C.M., Tkalčec, Z., Tomashevskaya, M.A., Truong, H.H., Vecherskii, M.V., Visagie, C.M., Vizzini, A., Yilmaz, N., Zmitrovich, I.V., Zvyagina, E.A., Boekhout, T. (Teun), Kehlet, T., Læssøe, T., and Groenewald, J.Z.

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta and Coniella pseudodiospyri on Eucalyptus microcorys leaves, Cladophialophora eucalypti, Teratosphaeria dunnii and Vermiculariopsiella dunnii on Eucalyptus dunnii leaves, Cylindrium grande and Hypsotheca eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus grandis leaves, Elsinoe salignae on Eucalyptus saligna leaves, Marasmius lebeliae on litter of regenerating subtropical rainforest, Phialoseptomonium eucalypti (incl. Phialoseptomonium gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis leaves, Phlogicylindrium pawpawense on Eucalyptus tereticornis leaves, Phyllosticta longicauda as an endophyte from healthy Eustrephus latifolius leaves, Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus sp. leaves, Saitozyma wallum on Banksia aemula leaves, Teratosphaeria henryi on Corymbia henryi leaves. Brazil, Aspergillus bezerrae, Backusella azygospora, Mariannaea terricola and Talaromyces pernambucoensis from soil, Calonectria matogrossensis on Eucalyptus urophylla leaves, Calvatia brasiliensis on soil, Carcinomyces nordestinensis on Bromelia antiacantha leaves, Dendryphiella stromaticola on small branches of an unidentified plant, Nigrospora brasiliensis on Nopalea cochenillifera leaves, Penicillium alagoense as a leaf endophyte on a Miconia sp., Podosordaria nigrobrunnea on dung, Spegazzinia bromeliacearum as a leaf endophyte on Tilandsia catimbauensis, Xylobolus brasiliensis on decaying wood. Bulgaria, Kazachstania molopis from the gut of the beetle Molops piceus. Croatia, Mollisia endocrystallina from a fallen decorticated Picea abies tree trunk. Ecuador, Hygrocybe rodomaculata on soil. Hungary, Alfoldia vorosii (incl. Alfoldia gen. nov.) from Juniperus communis roots, Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi (incl. Kiskunsagia gen. nov.) from Fumana procumbens roots. India, Aureobasidium tremulum as laboratory contaminant, Leucosporidium himalayensis and Naganishia indica from windblown dust o

Published
2019
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6. Fungal Planet description sheets: 868-950

Author

Crous, P.W., Carnegie, A.J., Wingfield, M.J., Sharma, R., Mughini, G., Noordeloos, M.E., Santini, A., Shouche, Y.S., Bezerra, J.D.P., Dima, B., Guarnaccia, V., Imrefi, I., Jurjević, Ž., Knapp, D.G., Kovács, G.M., Magistà, D., Perrone, G., Rämä, T., Rebriev, Y.A., Shivas, R.G., Singh, S.M., Souza-Motta, C.M., Thangavel, R., Adhapure, N.N., Alexandrova, A.V., Alfenas, A.C., Alfenas, R.F., Alvarado, P., Alves, A.L., Andrade, D.A., Andrade, J.P., Barbosa, R.N., Barili, A., Barnes, C.W., Baseia, I.G., Bellanger, J.-M., Berlanas, C., Bessette, A.E., Bessette, A.R., Biketova, A.Yu., Bomfim, F.S., Brandrud, T.E., Bransgrove, K., Brito, A.C.Q., Cano-Lira, J.F., Cantillo, T., Cavalcanti, A.D., Cheewangkoon, R., Chikowski, R.S., Conforto, C., Cordeiro, T.R.L., Craine, J.D., Cruz, R., Damm, U., de Oliveira, R.J.V., de Souza, J.T., de Souza, H.G., Dearnaley, J.D.W., Dimitrov, R.A., Dovana, F., Erhard, A., Esteve-Raventós, F., Félix, C.R., Ferisin, G., Fernandes, R.A., Ferreira, R.J., Ferro, L.O., Figueiredo, C.N., Frank, J.L., Freire, K.T.L.S., García, D., Gené, J., Gęsiorska, A., Gibertoni, T.B., Gondra, R.A.G., Gouliamova, D.E., Gramaje, D., Guard, F., Gusmão, L.F.P., Haitook, S., Hirooka, Y., Houbraken, J., Hubka, V., Inamdar, A., Iturriaga, T., Iturrieta-González, I., Jadan, M., Jiang, N., Justo, A., Kachalkin, A.V., Kapitonov, V.I., Karadelev, M., Karakehian, J., Kasuya, T., Kautmanová, I., Kruse, J., Kušan, I., Kuznetsova, T.A., Landell, M.F., Larsson, K.-H., Lee, H.B., Lima, D.X., Lira, C.R.S., Machado, A.R., Madrid, H., Magalhães, O.M.C., Majerova, H., Malysheva, E.F., Mapperson, R.R., Marbach, P.A.S., Martín, M.P., Martín-Sanz, A., Matočec, N., McTaggart, A.R., Mello, J.F., Melo, R.F.R., Mešić, A., Michereff, S.J., Miller, A.N., Minoshima, A., Molinero-Ruiz, L., Morozova, O.V., Mosoh, D., Nabe, M., Naik, R., Nara, K., Nascimento, S.S., Neves, R.P., Olariaga, I., Oliveira, R.L., Oliveira, T.G.L., Ono, T., Ordoñez, M.E., de M. Ottoni, A., Paiva, L.M., Pancorbo, F., Pant, B., Pawłowska, J., Peterson, S.W., Raudabaugh, D.B., Rodríguez-Andrade, E., Rubio, E., Rusevska, K., Santiago, A.L.C.M.A., Santos, A.C.S., Santos, C., Sazanova, N.A., Shah, S., Sharma, J., Silva, B.D.B., Siquier, J.L., Sonawane, M.S., Stchigel, A.M., Svetasheva, T., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M.T., Tiago, P.V., Tian, C.M., Tkalčec, Z., Tomashevskaya, M.A., Truong, H.H., Vecherskii, M.V., Visagie, C.M., Vizzini, A., Yilmaz, N., Zmitrovich, I.V., Zvyagina, E.A., Boekhout, T., Kehlet, T., Læssøe, T., Groenewald, J.Z., Crous, P.W., Carnegie, A.J., Wingfield, M.J., Sharma, R., Mughini, G., Noordeloos, M.E., Santini, A., Shouche, Y.S., Bezerra, J.D.P., Dima, B., Guarnaccia, V., Imrefi, I., Jurjević, Ž., Knapp, D.G., Kovács, G.M., Magistà, D., Perrone, G., Rämä, T., Rebriev, Y.A., Shivas, R.G., Singh, S.M., Souza-Motta, C.M., Thangavel, R., Adhapure, N.N., Alexandrova, A.V., Alfenas, A.C., Alfenas, R.F., Alvarado, P., Alves, A.L., Andrade, D.A., Andrade, J.P., Barbosa, R.N., Barili, A., Barnes, C.W., Baseia, I.G., Bellanger, J.-M., Berlanas, C., Bessette, A.E., Bessette, A.R., Biketova, A.Yu., Bomfim, F.S., Brandrud, T.E., Bransgrove, K., Brito, A.C.Q., Cano-Lira, J.F., Cantillo, T., Cavalcanti, A.D., Cheewangkoon, R., Chikowski, R.S., Conforto, C., Cordeiro, T.R.L., Craine, J.D., Cruz, R., Damm, U., de Oliveira, R.J.V., de Souza, J.T., de Souza, H.G., Dearnaley, J.D.W., Dimitrov, R.A., Dovana, F., Erhard, A., Esteve-Raventós, F., Félix, C.R., Ferisin, G., Fernandes, R.A., Ferreira, R.J., Ferro, L.O., Figueiredo, C.N., Frank, J.L., Freire, K.T.L.S., García, D., Gené, J., Gęsiorska, A., Gibertoni, T.B., Gondra, R.A.G., Gouliamova, D.E., Gramaje, D., Guard, F., Gusmão, L.F.P., Haitook, S., Hirooka, Y., Houbraken, J., Hubka, V., Inamdar, A., Iturriaga, T., Iturrieta-González, I., Jadan, M., Jiang, N., Justo, A., Kachalkin, A.V., Kapitonov, V.I., Karadelev, M., Karakehian, J., Kasuya, T., Kautmanová, I., Kruse, J., Kušan, I., Kuznetsova, T.A., Landell, M.F., Larsson, K.-H., Lee, H.B., Lima, D.X., Lira, C.R.S., Machado, A.R., Madrid, H., Magalhães, O.M.C., Majerova, H., Malysheva, E.F., Mapperson, R.R., Marbach, P.A.S., Martín, M.P., Martín-Sanz, A., Matočec, N., McTaggart, A.R., Mello, J.F., Melo, R.F.R., Mešić, A., Michereff, S.J., Miller, A.N., Minoshima, A., Molinero-Ruiz, L., Morozova, O.V., Mosoh, D., Nabe, M., Naik, R., Nara, K., Nascimento, S.S., Neves, R.P., Olariaga, I., Oliveira, R.L., Oliveira, T.G.L., Ono, T., Ordoñez, M.E., de M. Ottoni, A., Paiva, L.M., Pancorbo, F., Pant, B., Pawłowska, J., Peterson, S.W., Raudabaugh, D.B., Rodríguez-Andrade, E., Rubio, E., Rusevska, K., Santiago, A.L.C.M.A., Santos, A.C.S., Santos, C., Sazanova, N.A., Shah, S., Sharma, J., Silva, B.D.B., Siquier, J.L., Sonawane, M.S., Stchigel, A.M., Svetasheva, T., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M.T., Tiago, P.V., Tian, C.M., Tkalčec, Z., Tomashevskaya, M.A., Truong, H.H., Vecherskii, M.V., Visagie, C.M., Vizzini, A., Yilmaz, N., Zmitrovich, I.V., Zvyagina, E.A., Boekhout, T., Kehlet, T., Læssøe, T., and Groenewald, J.Z.

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta and Coniella pseudodiospyri on Eucalyptus microcorys leaves, Cladophialophora eucalypti, Teratosphaeria dunnii and Vermiculariopsiella dunnii on Eucalyptus dunnii leaves, Cylindrium grande and Hypsotheca eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus grandis leaves, Elsinoe salignae on Eucalyptus saligna leaves, Marasmius lebeliae on litter of regenerating subtropical rainforest, Phialoseptomonium eucalypti (incl. Phialoseptomonium gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis leaves, Phlogicylindrium pawpawense on Eucalyptus tereticornis leaves, Phyllosticta longicauda as an endophyte from healthy Eustrephus latifolius leaves, Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus sp. leaves, Saitozyma wallum on Banksia aemula leaves, Teratosphaeria henryi on Corymbia henryi leaves. Brazil, Aspergillus bezerrae, Backusella azygospora, Mariannaea terricola and Talaromyces pernambucoensis from soil, Calonectria matogrossensis on Eucalyptus urophylla leaves, Calvatia brasiliensis on soil, Carcinomyces nordestinensis on Bromelia antiacantha leaves, Dendryphiella stromaticola on small branches of an unidentified plant, Nigrospora brasiliensis on Nopalea cochenillifera leaves, Penicillium alagoense as a leaf endophyte on a Miconia sp., Podosordaria nigrobrunnea on dung, Spegazzinia bromeliacearum as a leaf endophyte on Tilandsia catimbauensis, Xylobolus brasiliensis on decaying wood. Bulgaria, Kazachstania molopis from the gut of the beetle Molops piceus. Croatia, Mollisia endocrystallina from a fallen decorti

Published
2019

7. Fungal Planet description sheets: 868-950

Author

Crous, P. W., Carnegie, A. J., Wingfield, M. J., Sharma, R., Mughini, G., Noordeloos, M. E., Santini, A., Shouche, Y. S., Bezerra, J. D. P., Dima, B., Guarnaccia, V., Imrefi, I., Jurjevic, Z., Knapp, D. G., Kovacs, G. M., Magista, D., Perrone, G., Rama, T., Rebriev, Y. A., Shivas, R. G., Singh, S. M., Souza-Motta, C. M., Thangavel, R., Adhapure, N. N., Alexandrova, A. V., Alfenas, A. C., Alfenas, R. F., Alvarado, P., Alves, A. L., Andrade, D. A., Andrade, J. P., Barbosa, R. N., Barili, A., Barnes, C. W., Baseia, I. G., Bellanger, J. -M., Berlanas, C., Bessette, A. E., Bessette, A. R., Biketova, A. Yu., Bomfim, F. S., Brandrud, T. E., Bransgrove, K., Brito, A. C. Q., Cano-Lira, J. F., Cantillo, T., Cavalcanti, A. D., Cheewangkoon, R., Chikowski, R. S., Conforto, C., Cordeiro, T. R. L., Craine, J. D., Cruz, R., Damm, U., de Oliveira, R. J. V., de Souza, J. T., de Souza, H. G., Dearnaley, J. D. W., Dimitrov, R. A., Dovana, F., Erhard, A., Esteve-Raventos, F., Felix, C. R., Ferisin, G., Fernandes, R. A., Ferreira, R. J., Ferro, L. O., Figueiredo, C. N., Frank, J. L., Freire, K. T. L. S., Garcia, D., Gene, J., Gesiorska, A., Gibertoni, T. B., Gondra, R. A. G., Gouliamova, D. E., Gramaje, D., Guard, F., Gusmao, L. F. P., Haitook, S., Hirooka, Y., Houbraken, J., Hubka, V., Inamdar, A., Iturriaga, T., Iturrieta-Gonzalez, I., Jadan, M., Jiang, N., Justo, A., Kachalkin, A. V., Kapitonov, V. I., Karadelev, M., Karakehian, J., Kasuya, T., Kautmanova, I., Kruse, J., Kusan, I., Kuznetsova, T. A., Landell, M. F., Larsson, K. -H., Lee, H. B., Lima, D. X., Lira, C. R. S., Machado, A. R., Madrid, H., Magalhaes, O. M. C., Majerova, H., Malysheva, E. F., Mapperson, R. R., Marbach, P. A. S., Martin, M. P., Martin-Sanz, A., Matocec, N., McTaggart, A. R., Mello, J. F., Melo, R. F. R., Mesic, A., Michereff, S. J., Miller, A. N., Minoshima, A., Molinero-Ruiz, L., Morozova, O. V., Mosoh, D., Nabe, M., Naik, R., Nara, K., Nascimento, S. S., Neves, R. P., Olariaga, I., Oliveira, R. L., Oliveira, T. G. L., Ono, T., Ordonez, M. E., Ottoni, A. de M., Paiva, L. M., Pancorbo, F., Pant, B., Pawlowska, J., Peterson, S. W., Raudabaugh, D. B., Rodriguez-Andrade, E., Rubio, E., Rusevska, K., Santiago, A. L. C. M. A., Santos, A. C. S., Santos, C., Sazanova, N. A., Shah, S., Sharma, J., Silva, B. D. B., Siquier, J. L., Sonawane, M. S., Stchigel, A. M., Svetasheva, T., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M. T., Tiago, P. V., Tian, C. M., Tkalcec, Z., Tomashevskaya, M. A., Truong, H. H., Vecherskii, M. V., Visagie, C. M., Vizzini, A., Yilmaz, N., Zmitrovich, I. V., Zvyagina, E. A., Boekhout, T., Kehlet, T., Laessoe, T., Groenewald, J. Z., Crous, P. W., Carnegie, A. J., Wingfield, M. J., Sharma, R., Mughini, G., Noordeloos, M. E., Santini, A., Shouche, Y. S., Bezerra, J. D. P., Dima, B., Guarnaccia, V., Imrefi, I., Jurjevic, Z., Knapp, D. G., Kovacs, G. M., Magista, D., Perrone, G., Rama, T., Rebriev, Y. A., Shivas, R. G., Singh, S. M., Souza-Motta, C. M., Thangavel, R., Adhapure, N. N., Alexandrova, A. V., Alfenas, A. C., Alfenas, R. F., Alvarado, P., Alves, A. L., Andrade, D. A., Andrade, J. P., Barbosa, R. N., Barili, A., Barnes, C. W., Baseia, I. G., Bellanger, J. -M., Berlanas, C., Bessette, A. E., Bessette, A. R., Biketova, A. Yu., Bomfim, F. S., Brandrud, T. E., Bransgrove, K., Brito, A. C. Q., Cano-Lira, J. F., Cantillo, T., Cavalcanti, A. D., Cheewangkoon, R., Chikowski, R. S., Conforto, C., Cordeiro, T. R. L., Craine, J. D., Cruz, R., Damm, U., de Oliveira, R. J. V., de Souza, J. T., de Souza, H. G., Dearnaley, J. D. W., Dimitrov, R. A., Dovana, F., Erhard, A., Esteve-Raventos, F., Felix, C. R., Ferisin, G., Fernandes, R. A., Ferreira, R. J., Ferro, L. O., Figueiredo, C. N., Frank, J. L., Freire, K. T. L. S., Garcia, D., Gene, J., Gesiorska, A., Gibertoni, T. B., Gondra, R. A. G., Gouliamova, D. E., Gramaje, D., Guard, F., Gusmao, L. F. P., Haitook, S., Hirooka, Y., Houbraken, J., Hubka, V., Inamdar, A., Iturriaga, T., Iturrieta-Gonzalez, I., Jadan, M., Jiang, N., Justo, A., Kachalkin, A. V., Kapitonov, V. I., Karadelev, M., Karakehian, J., Kasuya, T., Kautmanova, I., Kruse, J., Kusan, I., Kuznetsova, T. A., Landell, M. F., Larsson, K. -H., Lee, H. B., Lima, D. X., Lira, C. R. S., Machado, A. R., Madrid, H., Magalhaes, O. M. C., Majerova, H., Malysheva, E. F., Mapperson, R. R., Marbach, P. A. S., Martin, M. P., Martin-Sanz, A., Matocec, N., McTaggart, A. R., Mello, J. F., Melo, R. F. R., Mesic, A., Michereff, S. J., Miller, A. N., Minoshima, A., Molinero-Ruiz, L., Morozova, O. V., Mosoh, D., Nabe, M., Naik, R., Nara, K., Nascimento, S. S., Neves, R. P., Olariaga, I., Oliveira, R. L., Oliveira, T. G. L., Ono, T., Ordonez, M. E., Ottoni, A. de M., Paiva, L. M., Pancorbo, F., Pant, B., Pawlowska, J., Peterson, S. W., Raudabaugh, D. B., Rodriguez-Andrade, E., Rubio, E., Rusevska, K., Santiago, A. L. C. M. A., Santos, A. C. S., Santos, C., Sazanova, N. A., Shah, S., Sharma, J., Silva, B. D. B., Siquier, J. L., Sonawane, M. S., Stchigel, A. M., Svetasheva, T., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M. T., Tiago, P. V., Tian, C. M., Tkalcec, Z., Tomashevskaya, M. A., Truong, H. H., Vecherskii, M. V., Visagie, C. M., Vizzini, A., Yilmaz, N., Zmitrovich, I. V., Zvyagina, E. A., Boekhout, T., Kehlet, T., Laessoe, T., and Groenewald, J. Z.

Published
2019

8. Fungal Planet description sheets: 868–950

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Crous PW, Carnegie AJ, Wingfield MJ, Sharma R, Mughini G, Noordeloos ME, Santini A, Shouche YS, Bezerra JDP, Dima B, Guarnaccia V, Imrefi I, Jurjevi? Ž, Knapp DG, Kovács GM, Magistà D, Perrone G, Rämä T, Rebriev YA, Shivas RG, Singh SM, Souza-Motta CM, Thangavel R, Adhapure NN, Alexandrova AV, Alfenas AC, Alfenas RF, Alvarado P, Alves AL, Andrade DA, Andrade JP, Barbosa RN, Barili A, Barnes CW, Baseia IG, Bellanger JM, Berlanas C, Bessette AE, Bessette AR, Biketova AY, Bomfim FS, Brandrud TE, Bransgrove K, Brito ACQ, Cano-Lira JF, Cantillo T, Cavalcanti AD, Cheewangkoon R, Chikowski RS, Conforto C, Cordeiro TRL, Craine JD, Cruz R, Damm U, de Oliveira RJV, de Souza JT, de Souza HG, Dearnaley JDW, Dimitrov RA, Dovana F, Erhard A, Esteve-Raventós F, Félix CR, Ferisin G, Fernandes RA, Ferreira RJ, Ferro LO, Figueiredo CN, Frank JL, Freire KTLS, García D, Gené J, Gêsiorska A, Gibertoni TB, Gondra RAG, Gouliamova DE, Gramaje D, Guard F, Gusmão LFP, Haitook S, Hirooka Y, Houbraken J, Hubka V, Inamdar A, Iturriaga T, Iturrieta-González I, Jadan M, Jiang N, Justo A, Kachalkin AV, Kapitonov VI, Karadelev M, Karakehian J, Kasuya T, Kautmanová I, Kruse J, Kušan I, Kuznetsova TA, Landell MF, Larsson KH, Lee HB, Lima DX, Lira CRS, Machado AR, Madrid H, Magalhães OMC, Majerova H, Malysheva EF, Mapperson RR, Marbach PAS, Martín MP, Martín-Sanz A, Mato?ec N, McTaggart AR, Mello JF, Melo RFR, Meši? A, Michereff SJ, Miller AN, Minoshima A, Molinero-Ruiz L, Morozova OV, Mosoh D, Nabe M, Naik R, Nara K, Nascimento SS, Neves RP, Olariaga I, Oliveira RL, Oliveira TGL, Ono T, Ordoñez ME, Ottoni AM, Paiva LM, Pancorbo F, Pant B, Paw?owska J, Peterson SW, Raudabaugh DB, Rodríguez-Andrade E, Rubio E, Rusevska K, Santiago ALCMA, Santos ACS, Santos C, Sazanova NA, Shah S, Sharma J, Silva BDB, Siqui, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Crous PW, Carnegie AJ, Wingfield MJ, Sharma R, Mughini G, Noordeloos ME, Santini A, Shouche YS, Bezerra JDP, Dima B, Guarnaccia V, Imrefi I, Jurjevi? Ž, Knapp DG, Kovács GM, Magistà D, Perrone G, Rämä T, Rebriev YA, Shivas RG, Singh SM, Souza-Motta CM, Thangavel R, Adhapure NN, Alexandrova AV, Alfenas AC, Alfenas RF, Alvarado P, Alves AL, Andrade DA, Andrade JP, Barbosa RN, Barili A, Barnes CW, Baseia IG, Bellanger JM, Berlanas C, Bessette AE, Bessette AR, Biketova AY, Bomfim FS, Brandrud TE, Bransgrove K, Brito ACQ, Cano-Lira JF, Cantillo T, Cavalcanti AD, Cheewangkoon R, Chikowski RS, Conforto C, Cordeiro TRL, Craine JD, Cruz R, Damm U, de Oliveira RJV, de Souza JT, de Souza HG, Dearnaley JDW, Dimitrov RA, Dovana F, Erhard A, Esteve-Raventós F, Félix CR, Ferisin G, Fernandes RA, Ferreira RJ, Ferro LO, Figueiredo CN, Frank JL, Freire KTLS, García D, Gené J, Gêsiorska A, Gibertoni TB, Gondra RAG, Gouliamova DE, Gramaje D, Guard F, Gusmão LFP, Haitook S, Hirooka Y, Houbraken J, Hubka V, Inamdar A, Iturriaga T, Iturrieta-González I, Jadan M, Jiang N, Justo A, Kachalkin AV, Kapitonov VI, Karadelev M, Karakehian J, Kasuya T, Kautmanová I, Kruse J, Kušan I, Kuznetsova TA, Landell MF, Larsson KH, Lee HB, Lima DX, Lira CRS, Machado AR, Madrid H, Magalhães OMC, Majerova H, Malysheva EF, Mapperson RR, Marbach PAS, Martín MP, Martín-Sanz A, Mato?ec N, McTaggart AR, Mello JF, Melo RFR, Meši? A, Michereff SJ, Miller AN, Minoshima A, Molinero-Ruiz L, Morozova OV, Mosoh D, Nabe M, Naik R, Nara K, Nascimento SS, Neves RP, Olariaga I, Oliveira RL, Oliveira TGL, Ono T, Ordoñez ME, Ottoni AM, Paiva LM, Pancorbo F, Pant B, Paw?owska J, Peterson SW, Raudabaugh DB, Rodríguez-Andrade E, Rubio E, Rusevska K, Santiago ALCMA, Santos ACS, Santos C, Sazanova NA, Shah S, Sharma J, Silva BDB, Siqui

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta and Coniella pseudodiospyri on Eucalyptus microcorys leaves, Cladophialophora eucalypti, Teratosphaeria dunnii and Vermiculariopsiella dunnii on Eucalyptus dunnii leaves, Cylindrium grande and Hypsotheca eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus grandis leaves, Elsinoe salignae on Eucalyptus saligna leaves, Marasmius lebeliae on litter of regenerating subtropical rainforest, Phialoseptomonium eucalypti (incl. Phialoseptomonium gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis leaves, Phlogicylindrium pawpawense on Eucalyptus tereticornis leaves, Phyllosticta longicauda as an endophyte from healthy Eustrephus latifolius leaves, Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus sp. leaves, Saitozyma wallum on Banksia aemula leaves, Teratosphaeria henryi on Corymbia henryi leaves.Brazil, Aspergillus bezerrae, Backusella azygospora, Mariannaea terricola and Talaromyces pernambucoensis from soil, Calonectria matogrossensis on Eucalyptus urophylla leaves, Calvatia brasiliensis on soil, Carcinomyces nordestinensis on Bromelia antiacantha leaves, Dendryphiella stromaticola on small branches of an unidentified plant, Nigrospora brasiliensis on Nopalea cochenillifera leaves, Penicillium alagoense as a leaf endophyte on a Miconia sp., Podosordaria nigrobrunnea on dung, Spegazzinia bromeliacearum as a leaf endophyte on Tilandsia catimbauensis, Xylobolus brasiliensis on decaying wood. Bulgaria, Kazachstania molopis from the gut of the beetle Molops piceus.Croatia, Mollisia endocrystallina from a fallen decorticated Picea abies tree trunk.Ecuador, Hygrocybe rodomaculata on soil. Hungary, Alfoldia vorosii (incl. Alfoldia gen. nov.) from Juniperus communis roots, Kiskunsagia

Published
2019

10. Fungal Planet description sheets: 868–950

Author

Crous, P.W., primary, Carnegie, A.J., additional, Wingfield, M.J., additional, Sharma, R., additional, Mughini, G., additional, Noordeloos, M.E., additional, Santini, A., additional, Shouche, Y.S., additional, Bezerra, J.D.P., additional, Dima, B., additional, Guarnaccia, V., additional, Imrefi, I., additional, Jurjević, Ž., additional, Knapp, D.G., additional, Kovács, G.M., additional, Magistà, D., additional, Perrone, G., additional, Rämä, T., additional, Rebriev, Y.A., additional, Shivas, R.G., additional, Singh, S.M., additional, Souza-Motta, C.M., additional, Thangavel, R., additional, Adhapure, N.N., additional, Alexandrova, A.V., additional, Alfenas, A.C., additional, Alfenas, R.F., additional, Alvarado, P., additional, Alves, A.L., additional, Andrade, D.A., additional, Andrade, J.P., additional, Barbosa, R.N., additional, Barili, A., additional, Barnes, C.W., additional, Baseia, I.G., additional, Bellanger, J.-M., additional, Berlanas, C., additional, Bessette, A.E., additional, Bessette, A.R., additional, Biketova, A.Yu., additional, Bomfim, F.S., additional, Brandrud, T.E., additional, Bransgrove, K., additional, Brito, A.C.Q., additional, Cano-Lira, J.F., additional, Cantillo, T., additional, Cavalcanti, A.D., additional, Cheewangkoon, R., additional, Chikowski, R.S., additional, Conforto, C., additional, Cordeiro, T.R.L., additional, Craine, J.D., additional, Cruz, R., additional, Damm, U., additional, de Oliveira, R.J.V., additional, de Souza, J.T., additional, de Souza, H.G., additional, Dearnaley, J.D.W., additional, Dimitrov, R.A., additional, Dovana, F., additional, Erhard, A., additional, Esteve-Raventós, F., additional, Félix, C.R., additional, Ferisin, G., additional, Fernandes, R.A., additional, Ferreira, R.J., additional, Ferro, L.O., additional, Figueiredo, C.N., additional, Frank, J.L., additional, Freire, K.T.L.S., additional, García, D., additional, Gené, J., additional, Gęsiorska, A., additional, Gibertoni, T.B., additional, Gondra, R.A.G., additional, Gouliamova, D.E., additional, Gramaje, D., additional, Guard, F., additional, Gusmão, L.F.P., additional, Haitook, S., additional, Hirooka, Y., additional, Houbraken, J., additional, Hubka, V., additional, Inamdar, A., additional, Iturriaga, T., additional, Iturrieta-González, I., additional, Jadan, M., additional, Jiang, N., additional, Justo, A., additional, Kachalkin, A.V., additional, Kapitonov, V.I., additional, Karadelev, M., additional, Karakehian, J., additional, Kasuya, T., additional, Kautmanová, I., additional, Kruse, J., additional, Kušan, I., additional, Kuznetsova, T.A., additional, Landell, M.F., additional, Larsson, K.-H., additional, Lee, H.B., additional, Lima, D.X., additional, Lira, C.R.S., additional, Machado, A.R., additional, Madrid, H., additional, Magalhães, O.M.C., additional, Majerova, H., additional, Malysheva, E.F., additional, Mapperson, R.R., additional, Marbach, P.A.S., additional, Martín, M.P., additional, Martín-Sanz, A., additional, Matočec, N., additional, McTaggart, A.R., additional, Mello, J.F., additional, Melo, R.F.R., additional, Mešič, A., additional, Michereff, S.J., additional, Miller, A.N., additional, Minoshima, A., additional, Molinero-Ruiz, L., additional, Morozova, O.V., additional, Mosoh, D., additional, Nabe, M., additional, Naik, R., additional, Nara, K., additional, Nascimento, S.S., additional, Neves, R.P., additional, Olariaga, I., additional, Oliveira, R.L., additional, Oliveira, T.G.L., additional, Ono, T., additional, Ordoñez, M.E., additional, de M. Ottoni, A., additional, Paiva, L.M., additional, Pancorbo, F., additional, Pant, B., additional, Pawłowska, J., additional, Peterson, S.W., additional, Raudabaugh, D.B., additional, Rodríguez-Andrade, E., additional, Rubio, E., additional, Rusevska, K., additional, Santiago, A.L.C.M.A., additional, Santos, A.C.S., additional, Santos, C., additional, Sazanova, N.A., additional, Shah, S., additional, Sharma, J., additional, Silva, B.D.B., additional, Siquier, J.L., additional, Sonawane, M.S., additional, Stchigel, A.M., additional, Svetasheva, T., additional, Tamakeaw, N., additional, Telleria, M.T., additional, Tiago, P.V., additional, Tian, C.M., additional, Tkalčec, Z., additional, Tomashevskaya, M.A., additional, Truong, H.H., additional, Vecherskii, M.V., additional, Visagie, C.M., additional, Vizzini, A., additional, Yilmaz, N., additional, Zmitrovich, I.V., additional, Zvyagina, E.A., additional, Boekhout, T., additional, Kehlet, T., additional, Læssøe, T., additional, and Groenewald, J.Z., additional

Published
2019
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22. Pathogenic and molecular diversity in highly virulent populations of the parasitic weed Orobanche cumana (sunflower broomrape) from Europe.

Author

Molinero‐Ruiz, L, García‐Carneros, A B, Collado‐Romero, M, Raranciuc, S, Domínguez, J, Melero‐Vara, J M, and Vurro, Maurizio

Subjects
*SUNFLOWERS, *WEEDS, *GENETIC regulation in plants, *PLANT molecular biology, *PLANT diversity, *PHYTOPATHOGENIC microorganisms
Abstract

The parasitic weed Orobanche cumana (sunflower broomrape) constrains sunflower production in eastern and southern Europe and in the Middle East. Although genetic resistance is the most effective control method, new parasite races evolve overcoming sunflower resistance. In this work, highly virulent populations of O. cumana were analysed for pathogenicity and genetic diversity. The virulence of 11 populations from Hungary, Romania, Spain and Turkey was assessed and compared after infection of sunflower inbred lines to differentiate races of the parasite under glasshouse conditions. Molecular diversity among and within 27 parasite populations was studied by RAPD- PCR, UPGMA and amova analyses. Highly virulent race F was identified in Hungary, Spain and Turkey. The most virulent race ( G) was also found in Turkey. The molecular analysis among highly virulent populations of O. cumana identified four molecular clusters, respectively, grouping populations from Central Spain, Hungary, South Spain and Turkey. The genetic homogeneity within parasite populations was confirmed, since no molecular divergences were found within them. This work constitutes the first geographical study of O. cumana together with pathogenicity and molecular traits inherent to each geographical group, and provides useful information for possible phylogenetic analyses of O. cumana. In addition, molecular markers associated with geographical origin could be developed and used as diagnostic tools to track new broomrape introductions into areas free of virulent races where they might represent a threat to sunflower production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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23. Genetic and Molecular Approach to Verticillium dahliaeInfecting Sunflower

Author

García-Carneros, A.B., García-Ruiz, R., and Molinero-Ruiz, L.

Abstract

AbstractVerticillium leaf mottle and wilt caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliaeis a major disease of sunflower in Argentina and the USA. In the summer of 2013, an important outbreak of the disease occurred in one field in the Southwest of Spain. The determination of vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) of V. dahliaeis used in the genetic characterization of the fungus. Molecular markers have also been developed and applied for the analysis of V. dahliae, particularly for those isolates infecting artichoke, cotton and olive tree. The objective of this work was to determine the genetic and molecular features of V. dahliaeof sunflower. Three V. dahliaeisolates, one from Argentina collected in 2012 and two collected in Spain in 2013, were analysed. The VCGs were determined by complementation between nitmutants of the isolates from sunflower and the VCGs reference strains. Molecular characterization was conducted by polymerase chain reaction using primer pairs that are diagnostic of either V. dahliaespecies, defoliating or non-defoliating pathotypes, or VCGs. Complementation tests between nitmutants and reference strains clearly showed that the three isolates from sunflower belong to the VCG2B. The VCG2B has been identified in V. dahliaefrom crops as cotton, artichoke, eggplant, pepper and tomato among others. When molecularly analysed, the three V. dahliaeisolates infecting sunflower had the same molecular pattern than the one found for non-defoliating isolates of V. dahliaepathogenic to artichoke or cotton. The results of this work show the closeness between non-defoliating isolates of V. dahliaeinfecting artichoke, cotton and sunflower and suggest that any of these three species can serve as carrier and source of inoculum for Verticillium outbreaks in them.

Published
2014
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25. Genetics, Host Range, and Molecular and Pathogenic Characterization of Verticillium dahliae From Sunflower Reveal Two Differentiated Groups in Europe.

Author

Martín-Sanz A, Rueda S, García-Carneros AB, González-Fernández S, Miranda-Fuentes P, Castuera-Santacruz S, and Molinero-Ruiz L

Abstract

Verticillium wilt and leaf mottle of sunflower, caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliae ( Vd ) has become a major constraint to sunflower oil production in temperate European countries. Information about Vd from sunflower is very scarce despite genetics, molecular traits and pathogenic abilities of fungal strains affecting many other crops being widely known. Understanding and characterizing the diversity of Vd populations in those countries where sunflowers are frequent and severely affected by the fungus are essential for efficient breeding for resistance. In this study, we have analyzed genetic, molecular and pathogenic traits of Vd isolates affecting sunflower in European countries. When their genetics was investigated, almost all the isolates from France, Italy, Spain, Argentina, and Ukraine were assigned to vegetative compatibility group (VCG) 2B. In Bulgaria, Turkey, Romania, and Ukraine, some isolates were assigned to VCG6, but some others could not be assigned to any VCG. Genotyping markers used for Vd affecting crops other than sunflower showed that all the isolates were molecularly identified as race 2 and that markers of defoliating (D) and non-defoliating (ND) pathotypes distinguished two well-differentiated clusters, one (E) grouping those isolates from Eastern Europe and the other (W) all those from the Western Europe and Argentina. All the isolates in cluster W were VCG2B, while the isolates in cluster E belonged to an unknown VCG or to VCG6. When the host range was investigated in the greenhouse, the fungus was highly pathogenic to artichoke, showing the importance of farming alternatives in the management of Verticillium attacks. Sunflower genotypes were inoculated with a selection of isolates in two experiments. Two groups were identified, one including the isolates from Western Europe, Argentina, and Ukraine, and the other including isolates from Bulgaria, Romania, and Turkey. Three pathogenic races were differentiated: V1, V2-EE (Eastern Europe) and V2-WE (Western Europe). Similarly, three differentials are proposed for race identification: HA 458 (universal susceptible), HA 89 (resistant to V2-EE, susceptible to V2-WE) and INRA2603 (susceptible to V2-EE, resistant to V2-WE). The diversity found in Vd affecting sunflower must be taken into account in the search for resistance to the pathogen for European environments of sunflower production.

Published
2018
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26. Use of Blue-Green Fluorescence and Thermal Imaging in the Early Detection of Sunflower Infection by the Root Parasitic Weed Orobanche cumana Wallr.

Author

Ortiz-Bustos CM, Pérez-Bueno ML, Barón M, and Molinero-Ruiz L

Abstract

Although the impact of Orobanche cumana Wallr. on sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) becomes evident with emergence of broomrape shoots aboveground, infection occurs early after sowing, the host physiology being altered during underground parasite stages. Genetic resistance is the most effective control method and one of the main goals of sunflower breeding programmes. Blue-green fluorescence (BGF) and thermal imaging allow non-destructive monitoring of plant diseases, since they are sensitive to physiological disorders in plants. We analyzed the BGF emission by leaves of healthy sunflower plantlets, and we implemented BGF and thermal imaging in the detection of the infection by O. cumana during underground parasite development. Increases in BGF emission were observed in leaf pairs of healthy sunflowers during their development. Lower BGF was consistently detected in parasitized plants throughout leaf expansion and low pigment concentration was detected at final time, supporting the interpretation of a decrease in secondary metabolites upon infection. Parasite-induced stomatal closure and transpiration reduction were suggested by warmer leaves of inoculated sunflowers throughout the experiment. BGF imaging and thermography could be implemented for fast screening of sunflower breeding material. Both techniques are valuable approaches to assess the processes by which O. cumana alters physiology (secondary metabolism and photosynthesis) of sunflower.

Published
2017
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27. Fluorescence Imaging in the Red and Far-Red Region during Growth of Sunflower Plantlets. Diagnosis of the Early Infection by the Parasite Orobanche cumana.

Author

Ortiz-Bustos CM, Pérez-Bueno ML, Barón M, and Molinero-Ruiz L

Abstract

Broomrape, caused by the root holoparasite Orobanche cumana, is the main biotic constraint to sunflower oil production worldwide. By the time broomrape emerges, most of the metabolic imbalance has been produced by O. cumana to sunflower plants. UV-induced multicolor fluorescence imaging (MCFI) provides information on the fluorescence emitted by chlorophyll (Chl) a of plants in the spectral bands with peaks near 680 nm (red, F680) and 740 nm (far-red, F740). In this work MCFI was extensively applied to sunflowers, either healthy or parasitized plants, for the first time. The distribution of red and far-red fluorescence was analyzed in healthy sunflower grown in pots under greenhouse conditions. Fluorescence patterns were analyzed across the leaf surface and throughout the plant by comparing the first four leaf pairs (LPs) between the second and fifth week of growth. Similar fluorescence patterns, with a delay of 3 or 4 days between them, were obtained for LPs of healthy sunflower, showing that red and far-red fluorescence varied with the developmental stage of the leaf. The use of F680 and F740 as indicators of sunflower infection by O. cumana during underground development stages of the parasite was also evaluated under similar experimental conditions. Early increases in F680 and F740 as well as decreases in F680/F740 were detected upon infection by O. cumana. Significant differences between inoculated and control plants depended on the LP that was considered at any time. Measurements of Chl contents and final total Chl content supported the results of MCFI, but they were less sensitive in differentiating healthy from inoculated plants. Sunflower infection was confirmed by the presence of broomrape nodules in the roots at the end of the experiment. The potential of MCFI in the red and far-red region for an early detection of O. cumana infection in sunflower was revealed. This technique might have a particular interest for early phenotyping in sunflower breeding programs. To our knowledge, this is the first work where the effect of a parasitic plant in its host is analyzed by means of fluorescence imaging in the red and far-red spectral regions.

Published
2016
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28. Aggressiveness of Cephalosporium maydis causing late wilt of maize in Spain.

Author

García-Carneros AB, Girón I, and Molinero-Ruiz L

Subjects
Spain, Acremonium physiology, Plant Diseases microbiology, Zea mays microbiology
Abstract

Late wilt of maize, caused by the vascular and soilborne pathogen Cephalosporium maydis, was identified in the Iberian Peninsula in 2008. During the last years the incidence and economical impact of the disease has importantly increased both in Portugal and Spain. Varieties of maize displaying tolerance to the pathogen are available, but the effectiveness can be dependent on the virulence of the fungus (i.e. ability to cause disease on a specific genotype). On the other hand, strains of crop pathogens from different geographic origins can differ with regard to the degree of disease caused on a specific genotype (i.e. aggressiveness). Our working hypothesis was that isolates of C. maydis from different maize growing areas may differ in aggressiveness towards maize plants. Seven fungal strains were isolated in 2009 from diseased plants collected in the most important maize growing regions of Spain and used to inoculate two susceptible maize varieties grown in shadehouse from March to July 2010. The experimental unit consisted of two 4-day-old seedlings planted in an 8-liter pot filled with sand/silt previously infested with 200 g of wheat grains colonized by the fungi. Non colonized wheat grains were used for the control treatments. Six replications (pots) were established for each variety/isolate combination according to a complete randomized 2 x 8 factorial design. The percentage of necrotic and dry aboveground tissues was recorded 14 weeks after inoculation and thereafter weekly until physiological senescence of the control plants. At the end of the experiment, weights of roots and aboveground parts of the plants were recorded. Initial occurrence of symptoms in the plants was significantly dependent on the isolate of C. maydis and on the maize variety. However, final severity of aboveground symptoms (leaf necroses and drying up) was only dependent on the fungal isolate. All the isolates significantly reduced the root weight of both varieties of maize. The highest root weight reductions were also associated to a significant low weight of above-ground parts. Considering all the symptoms analysed and their progression in the maize plants, our results reveal that a diversity of aggressiveness exists among isolates of C. maydis. The need for a characterization of maize genotypes by their reaction against highly aggressive isolates of the fungus in the Iberian Peninsula is suggested. This study is a first step towards a recommendation of crop varieties that are tolerant to C. maydis in different areas of the Iberian Peninsula. Future research aims at studying the relationship between aggressiveness levels, molecular characteristics and geographical origin whithin C. maydis.

Published
2012

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