Search

Your search keyword '"Molina-Ruiz, José"' showing total 44 results
Start Over Author "Molina-Ruiz, José"
44 results on '"Molina-Ruiz, José"'

1. Continuity and Change in the Ricote Valley Region (Southeastern Spain): An Integrated Analysis of Socio-Demographic, Territorial and Landscape Transformations.

Author

Giménez-García, Rubén, García-Marín, Ramón, and Molina-Ruiz, José

Subjects
AGRICULTURAL development, LAND cover, LAND use, POPULATION dynamics, TRADITIONAL farming
Abstract

Historically, the Ricote Valley Region (Region of Murcia) has based its economic development on traditional agriculture based on the exploitation of water resources for the cultivation of citrus and fruit trees. Since the middle of the last century, industrial and service development, urban attraction and agricultural policies have generated a multitude of social, population and territorial transformations in this geographical area. The Ricote Valley Region has suffered an unprecedented demographic decline, making it one of the areas with the greatest depopulation problem in SE Spain. The demographic emptying of this region brings with it other associated problems, such as the abandonment of the land and traditional farming systems, with the consequent change in land use. This work aims to analyse both the demographic transition experienced by this Murcian region, the changes in land use/land cover generated and the possible relationship between both phenomena. In order to address these objectives, the methodology and sources used have been diverse. In this regard, population dynamics have been assessed by analysing the evolution experienced by different demographic indicators whose information has been obtained from the National Institute of Statistics (NIS) and the Murcia Regional Statistics Centre (MRSC). In turn, the transformations of the territorial surface have been obtained by comparing the representation of land cover/use present in the years 1990 and 2018 by means of georeferenced spatial information elaborated by the Corine Land Cover project (CLC). The results obtained show that, despite the fact that the region as a whole has experienced a positive population evolution, three of the seven municipalities that comprise it have been suffering the most significant depopulation process in their history for decades. In addition, the analysis of changes in land cover/land use revealed that 27.5% of the territory of the region has been transformed over the last 30 years, with a significant increase in permanently irrigated land. Finally, the correlation of information derived from the two proposed objectives shows a significant relationship between demographic evolution and the degree of territorial transformation suffered by each of the municipalities studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Supplementary table: Values of pH (1:1 extract) and concentration of different metals and arsenic in the sediments studied

Author

García-Lorenzo, Mari Luz, Pérez-Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez-Sánchez, María José, Molina-Ruiz, José, Martínez, Salvadora, Arroyo, Xabier, Martinez-Martinez, Lucia Belen, and Bech, Jaume

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, integumentary system
Abstract

Values of pH (1:1 extract) and concentration of different metals and arsenic in the sediments studied.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Assessment of the Acoustic Impact of Wind Farm Projects: Methodology and Case

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Molina Ruiz, José, García-Lorenzo, Mari Luz, Pérez-Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez-Sánchez, María José, Gallego, Diego, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Molina Ruiz, José, García-Lorenzo, Mari Luz, Pérez-Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez-Sánchez, María José, and Gallego, Diego

Abstract

Wind energy is a clean renewable and its benefits are considered greater than the disadvantages. However, even though wind farms represent environmentally friendly projects, they frequently generate public resistance. Wind turbines are socially controversial because of their visual and acoustic impacts. The aim of this work was to design a methodology for the preliminary evaluation of potential acoustic impact of wind farms. Three steps have been proposed: identification, characterization and assessment of the acoustic impact during the construction, operation and decommissioning phase. Obtained results in the studied area suggested that at a maximum power, at 500 meters of wind turbines, noise level is lower than the reference level established in the legislation. In summary, proposed methodology could help to determine and to evaluate the best location for new wind farm projects. Proposed methodology could help to determine and to evaluate the best location for new wind farm projects. Moreover, this method could be used as a consulting tool for public organizations and private institutions, being quick, concise and clear. Obtained results for the studied wind farm project suggested that almost all the area showed noise levels lower than established background noise level.

Published
2018

6. Geochemical and biological characterisation of supergene efflorescences in pollymetallic mining wastes from Portman Bay (SE, Spain)

Author

García Lorenzo, Mari Luz, Herrero, María José, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, Molina Ruiz, José, Hernández Nicolás, Carmen María, Bech, Jaume, and Pérez Sirvent, Carmen

Subjects
Geoquímica
Abstract

In freshly deposited sulphidic mine tailings, the pH is neutral or slightly alkaline. Due to pyrite oxidation, the pH decreases to values lower than 3 at which acidophilic iron- and sulphur-oxidizing prokaryotes prevail and accelerate the oxidation processes. Portman Bay is heavily polluted as a result of historical mining and processing activities, during which time great amounts of wastes were produced, characterised by a high potentially toxic elements (PTE) content, acidic pH and minerals resulting from supergene alteration. Three soil samples were collected from the most recent exploitation stage, stored in containers for a year and moistened simulating rainfall events. The percolates obtained were collected and naturally evaporated, obtaining three efflorescence samples. The existence of bacterial activity was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). C15 sample is characterised by copiapite small crystals generating an homogeneous, porous mass. Inside the mass of copiapite crystals, both pyrite and gypsum were also found. In this sample, a laminae of material fills the pore space. The high carbon content shown in the spectrum of this material permits to characterise it as a biofilm. In the cross section sample of C15, a noticeable lamination of copiapite crystals has been observed, probably originated by dissolution processes. A clear limit between the lamination zone and the upper zone of the efflorescence was noticed, and here arborescent forms are developed. C17 and C18 also presented copiapite crystals, but, unlike C15, they do not present lamination and are characterized by an irregular shape and massive fabric. In C17, small crystals growing in the surface of this material were observed, generating small crusts. According to the spectrum analysis, these crusts are formed by alunogen. In C18, crystals of acicular morphology are present, and appear grouped at certain points. Therefore, out of the three natural efflorescences, biotic activity was only found in C15. This efflorescence differs significantly in morphology and fabric from samples C17 and C18. Besides the morphology, the PTEs content is also different, suggesting that chemical properties of this soil favoured the organic activity. An important factor could be related to a high iron content, since, as demonstrated in similar materials, iron performs a fundamental factor for bioinducted nucleation.

Published
2017

7. Permeable reactive barriers for the remediation of groundwater in a mining area: results for a pilot-scale project

Author

Martínez Sánchez, María José, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, García Lorenzo, Mari Luz, Martínez Lopez, Salvadora, Pérez Espinosa, Víctor, González Ciudad, Eva, Martínez Martínez, Lucía Belén, Hernández, Carmen, and Molina Ruiz, José

Subjects
Petrología
Abstract

The Sierra Minera of Cartagena-La Union is located in the Region of Murcia, Southeast of Spain. This zone presents high levels of heavy metals due to natural, geogenic reasons. In addition, the prolonged mining activity, and subsequent abandonment of farms, has had consequences on the environment, including severe affectation of the groundwater in the area. To remediate this situation, the Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) technology was assayed, which required in addition to the hydro-geological study of the zone, a careful optimization study for the design and construction of PRBs. For such a purpose a pilot-scale project was developed, and this communication reports some of the most relevant findings obtained after a four-years monitorization period. The selected reactive material for the PRBs was limestone filler. The filler is a waste material produced in many factories in the zone. These residues have good adsorption properties, high alkalinity, low cost and high availability, which make them suitable for use in remediation. The PRB was constituted by a 50% limestone filler and 50% sand, a proportion optimized by means of independent batch experiments. A layer of gravel was placed at the top, and on it a layer of natural soil. The barrier was designed in the form of a continuous trench, because the level of the contaminated groundwater was not very deep. In this way, the barrier could be prepared with standard excavation equipment. Parallel to the barrier, 6 wells where arranged downstream for sample collection. The pH and conductivity of the samples was measured directly in situ, and the content of Zn, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Pb were analyzed in the laboratory. All the samples collected after the PRB was constructed had basic pH values between 7.5 and 8. The conductivity was between 5 and 11 mS / cm except for the well 4, which had a value of 3.70 mS / cm. The concentration values of trace elements were below the detection limit (atomic absorption measurement) in most of cases, or showed values below normal levels of the area. Our results prove that limestone filler is suitable as the active component of PRBs barriers for sites polluted by trace elements. Following this relatively simple technology, there is no risk for human health or ecosystem, and a big cost-saving can be obtained in projects focused to the remediation of areas affected by mining activities.

Published
2017

9. Proyecto básico de puente sobre la Rambla de Alcalá en Benicarló (Castellón)'. Diseño conceptual y comprobaciones hidráulicas. Solución C

Author

Molina Ruiz, José

Subjects
MECANICA DE LOS MEDIOS CONTINUOS Y TEORIA DE ESTRUCTURAS, INGENIERIA HIDRAULICA, Péndolas, Péndoles, Acero, Acer, Arc, Arch, Cables, Puente, Steel, Suspension, Pont, Arco, Grado en Ingeniería Civil-Grau en Enginyeria Civil, Bridge, Benicarló
Abstract

[EN] The following final degree project entitled "Basic Project of the bridge over la Rambla de Alcalá in Benicarló (Castellón). Solution C.", consists of the development, inside the administrative and technical framework for an ideas Competition, for a proposal of a bridge executed together with two more groups of colleagues which present different solutions for the same. The determination of the solution has been carried out through a study of solutions, taking under account different alternatives under a number of factors and conditions. By this way, the solution adopted consists on an upper arch bridge made of steel or ¿bowstring¿ with flexible and inclined suspension cables, and a mixed deck, that saves a span of 40 metres. It presents as a singularity the deviation of the arches in its beginnings, emulating two feet that gets together in the central section of the arch. On a top view, the arch presents a straight shape in its central area, while the feet open forming each one of them a circumference arch shape. Furthermore, they stay attached by a straight beam and a St. Andrew's cross, where the suspension cable are anchored. On a front view, the arch forms a curve development of a circumference arch. On the other hand, taking advantage of the additional necessary width to cover the required clearance under the arch, the sidewalks of the pavement are separated, leaving the beams of the floor and the channel of the river expose, protecting the gap through a ¿Trámex¿. It is about a mixed deck, forming a steel framework and a concrete shell. Two longitudinal beams of a rectangular section are arranged and they suffer a deviation at the ends into a two beams that stay linked in the bridge support, being able to lead the compression forces from the arch through the longitudinal beams. The deck it is also form by a number of crossbeams in a double-T metal beams separated 2.5m each. Above the deck a concrete shell is cast. The kind of steel used for the framework is a hot-rolled steel S355 J2, while the suspension cables are made by a S460 hot-rolled steel. The concrete used for the substructures and the shell is HA-30/F/20/IIIa, being used a reinforcement of B500 SD steel bars. It has been checked that the adopted solution verified the hydrological features demanded for the pace of la Rambla, as well as the ground stability in the bridge supports, those which will be resolve through a deep foundation made by concrete because of the clay soil appearances in the proximity of both bridge supports. The structural aspects have been verified by means of SAP2000 software. Finally, it has been verified the design of the bridge equipments, as well as a work program where the pace of the constructive process is established and the approximate duration of the execution. In addition, in a global view of the construction, an economic valuation has been estimated., [CA] El Treball Fi de Grau que es presenta com "Projecte Bàsic de Pont sobre la Rambla de Alcalà en Benicarló (Castelló). Solució C.", consisteix en el desenvolupament, dins del marc tècnic-administratiu dels concursos d'idees, d'una proposta per al pont portada a terme amb dos grups més de companys que presenten solucions diferents per al mateix. La determinació de la solució s'ha realitzat mitjançant un estudi de solucions, valorant distintes alternatives sota una sèrie de factors i condicionants. D'acord amb això, la solució escollida consisteix en un pot arc superior d'acer o "bowstring" amb pèndoles flexibles i inclinades, i tauler mixt, que salva una llum lliure de 40 metres. Presenta com a peculiaritat la bifurcació dels arcs en les seues arrancades, dispostos en dos peus que s'uneixen en el tram central de l'arc. L'arc en planta presenta un tram central recte, mentre que els peus s'obrin formant un arc de circumferència cadascun d'ells. A més a més, queden enriostats mitjançant una riostra recta i una creu de Sant Andrés, on s'ancoren les pèndoles flexibles. En alçat, l'arc adopta un desenvolupament amb curvatura d'un arc de circumferència. D'altra banda, aprofitant l'amplària addicional necessària per a complir amb el gàlib exigit sota l'arc, queden separades les voreres de la calçada, deixant vistes les bigues de pis i el llit de la rambla, protegint el espai mitjançant un Trámex. Es tracta d'un tauler mixt, format per un entramat de bigues metál¿liques i llosa col·laborant de formigó. Es disposen dos nervis longitudinals en caixó que en els extrems es bifurquen en dues bigues diagonals enriostades mitjançant una riostra, de manera que es redirigeixen els esforços com en l'arc, a més d'una sèrie de bigues transversals tant de pis com en voladís en doble T, i que presenten una separació entre elles de 2.5 metres. A sobre d'elles, es col·loca una xapa grecada que s'utilitzarà com a encofrat perdut de la llosa col·laborant de formigó. Tant per a les bigues de l'entramat del tauler com per a l'arc s'utilitzarà un acer laminat S355 J2, mentre que les pèndoles es realitzaran en acer... El formigó utilitzat per a les subestructures i la llosa serà HA-30/F/20/IIIa, utilitzant un acer per a les armadures B500 SD. S'ha comprovat que la solució adoptada verifica els aspectes hidràulics exigits pel curs de la Rambla, així com l'estabilitat geotècnica en els estreps, els quals es resoldran mitjançant una cimentació profunda de pilots perforats de formigó in situ, a causa de la presència de terreny argilós en ambdós estreps. La comprovació estructural ha sigut realitzada mitjançant el programa SAP2000, introduint el model estructural corresponent. Finalment, s'ha realitzat el disseny dels equipaments, així com un programa de treballs on s'estableix el procés constructiu a seguir i un termini aproximat d'execució de les obres. A més a més, considerant la totalitat de l'obra, s'ha realitzat una valoració econòmica estimada., [ES] El Trabajo Final de Grado que se presenta como "Proyecto Básico de Puente sobre la Rambla de Alcalà en Benicarló (Castellón). Solución C.", consiste en el desarrollo, dentro del marco técnico-administrativo de los concursos de ideas, de una propuesta para el puente llevada a cabo junto con dos grupos más de compañeros que presentan soluciones distintas para el mismo. La determinación de la solución se ha realizado mediante un estudio de soluciones, valorando distintas alternativas bajo una serie de factores y condicionantes. De este modo, la solución adoptada consiste en un puente arco superior de acero o "bowstring" con péndolas flexibles e inclinadas, y tablero mixto, que salva una luz libre de 40 metros. Presenta como peculiaridad la bifurcación de los arcos en sus arranques, dispuestos en dos pies que se unen en el tramo central del arco. El arco en planta presenta un tramo central recto, mientras que los pies se abren formando un arco de circunferencia cada uno de ellos. Además quedan arriostrados mediante una riostra recta y una cruz de San Andrés, donde se anclan las péndolas flexibles. En alzado, el arco adopta un desarrollo curvo de un arco de circunferencia. Por otro lado, aprovechando el ancho adicional necesario para cumplir el gálibo exigido bajo el arco, quedan separadas las aceras de la calzada, dejando vistas las vigas de piso y el cauce de la rambla, protegiendo el hueco mediante un Trámex. Se trata de un tablero mixto, formado por un entramado de vigas metálicas y losa colaborante de hormigón. Se disponen dos nervios longitudinales en cajón que en los extremos se bifurcan en dos vigas diagonales atadas en los apoyos mediante una riostra, de forma que se redirijan los esfuerzos como en el arco, además de una serie de vigas transversales tanto de piso como en cuchillo en doble T, y que presentan una separación entre ellas de 2.5 metros. Sobre ellas, se coloca una chapa grecada que se utilizará como encofrado perdido de la losa colaborante de hormigón. Tanto para las vigas del entramado del tablero como para el arco se empleará un acero laminado S355 J2, mientras que las péndolas se realizan con acero S460. El hormigón empleado para las subestructuras y la losa será HA-30/F/20/IIIa, utilizando un acero para las armaduras B500 SD. Se ha comprobado que la solución adoptada verifica los aspectos hidráulicos exigidos por el curso de la Rambla, así como la estabilidad geotécnica en los estribos, los cuales se resolverán mediante una cimentación profunda de pilotes perforados de hormigón in situ debido a la presencia de terreno arcilloso en ambos estribos. La comprobación estructural ha sido realizada mediante el programa SAP2000, introduciendo el modelo estructural correspondiente. Finalmente, se ha realizado el diseño de los equipamientos, así como un programa de trabajos donde se establece el proceso constructivo a seguir y un plazo aproximado de ejecución de las obras. Además se ha realizado una valoración económica.

Published
2016

10. Potential bioavailability assessment and distribution of heavy metal(oids) in cores from Portman Bay (SE, Spain).

Author

García-Lorenzo, Mari Luz, Pérez-Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez-Sánchez, María José, Molina-Ruiz, José, Martínez, Salvadora, Arroyo, Xabier, Martinez-Martinez, Lucia Belen, and Bech, Jaume

Subjects
TRACE metals, HEAVY metals, METAL sulfides, BIOAVAILABILITY, CLAY minerals, IRON oxides, FERRIC hydroxides
Abstract

A total of 120 sediments from 12 cores of Portman Bay (SE Spain) were studied to assess the degree of contamination and ecological risk related to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) by combining a geochemical and mineralogical characterization with the assessment of the bioavailable forms of trace metals (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn). With this purpose, sediment contamination was assessed by total and water-soluble content, and potential bioavailability by the simultaneously extracted metals and acid-volatile sulphides (SEM-AVS) approach, and by an oral bioaccessibility extraction procedure. The sediments are essentially sandy (>80%). The most important minerals are: iron phases such as siderite, iron oxides and hydroxides and pyrite; clay minerals such as clinochlore, greenalite and biotite; and quartz. Occasionally, jarosite and carbonates (calcite and dolomite) appear. The total PTEs content is high whereas the sediments generally have a very low soluble PTE content. The SEM/AVS ratio is less than unity in most samples, indicating that there is enough sulphur so that if there was a release of metals, they could precipitate as sulphides. After the bioaccessibility extraction, the results showed that zinc and cadmium are more bioaccessible in the intestinal environment (alkaline) while the rest of the elements have greater availability in the stomach (acid). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Proyecto básico de puente sobre la Rambla de Alcalá en Benicarló (Castellón)'. Diseño conceptual y comprobaciones hidráulicas. Solución C

Author

Vallés Morán, Francisco José, Monleón Cremades, Salvador, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente - Departament d'Enginyeria Hidràulica i Medi Ambient, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras - Departament de Mecànica dels Medis Continus i Teoria d'Estructures, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente - Institut Universitari d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient, Molina Ruiz, José, Vallés Morán, Francisco José, Monleón Cremades, Salvador, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente - Departament d'Enginyeria Hidràulica i Medi Ambient, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras - Departament de Mecànica dels Medis Continus i Teoria d'Estructures, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente - Institut Universitari d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient, and Molina Ruiz, José

Abstract

[EN] The following final degree project entitled "Basic Project of the bridge over la Rambla de Alcalá in Benicarló (Castellón). Solution C.", consists of the development, inside the administrative and technical framework for an ideas Competition, for a proposal of a bridge executed together with two more groups of colleagues which present different solutions for the same. The determination of the solution has been carried out through a study of solutions, taking under account different alternatives under a number of factors and conditions. By this way, the solution adopted consists on an upper arch bridge made of steel or ¿bowstring¿ with flexible and inclined suspension cables, and a mixed deck, that saves a span of 40 metres. It presents as a singularity the deviation of the arches in its beginnings, emulating two feet that gets together in the central section of the arch. On a top view, the arch presents a straight shape in its central area, while the feet open forming each one of them a circumference arch shape. Furthermore, they stay attached by a straight beam and a St. Andrew's cross, where the suspension cable are anchored. On a front view, the arch forms a curve development of a circumference arch. On the other hand, taking advantage of the additional necessary width to cover the required clearance under the arch, the sidewalks of the pavement are separated, leaving the beams of the floor and the channel of the river expose, protecting the gap through a ¿Trámex¿. It is about a mixed deck, forming a steel framework and a concrete shell. Two longitudinal beams of a rectangular section are arranged and they suffer a deviation at the ends into a two beams that stay linked in the bridge support, being able to lead the compression forces from the arch through the longitudinal beams. The deck it is also form by a number of crossbeams in a double-T metal beams separated 2.5m each. Above the deck a concrete shell is cast. The kind of steel used for the framework is, [CA] El Treball Fi de Grau que es presenta com "Projecte Bàsic de Pont sobre la Rambla de Alcalà en Benicarló (Castelló). Solució C.", consisteix en el desenvolupament, dins del marc tècnic-administratiu dels concursos d'idees, d'una proposta per al pont portada a terme amb dos grups més de companys que presenten solucions diferents per al mateix. La determinació de la solució s'ha realitzat mitjançant un estudi de solucions, valorant distintes alternatives sota una sèrie de factors i condicionants. D'acord amb això, la solució escollida consisteix en un pot arc superior d'acer o "bowstring" amb pèndoles flexibles i inclinades, i tauler mixt, que salva una llum lliure de 40 metres. Presenta com a peculiaritat la bifurcació dels arcs en les seues arrancades, dispostos en dos peus que s'uneixen en el tram central de l'arc. L'arc en planta presenta un tram central recte, mentre que els peus s'obrin formant un arc de circumferència cadascun d'ells. A més a més, queden enriostats mitjançant una riostra recta i una creu de Sant Andrés, on s'ancoren les pèndoles flexibles. En alçat, l'arc adopta un desenvolupament amb curvatura d'un arc de circumferència. D'altra banda, aprofitant l'amplària addicional necessària per a complir amb el gàlib exigit sota l'arc, queden separades les voreres de la calçada, deixant vistes les bigues de pis i el llit de la rambla, protegint el espai mitjançant un Trámex. Es tracta d'un tauler mixt, format per un entramat de bigues metál¿liques i llosa col·laborant de formigó. Es disposen dos nervis longitudinals en caixó que en els extrems es bifurquen en dues bigues diagonals enriostades mitjançant una riostra, de manera que es redirigeixen els esforços com en l'arc, a més d'una sèrie de bigues transversals tant de pis com en voladís en doble T, i que presenten una separació entre elles de 2.5 metres. A sobre d'elles, es col·loca una xapa grecada que s'utilitzarà com a encofrat perdut de la llosa col·laborant de formigó. Tant per a les bigues de, [ES] El Trabajo Final de Grado que se presenta como "Proyecto Básico de Puente sobre la Rambla de Alcalà en Benicarló (Castellón). Solución C.", consiste en el desarrollo, dentro del marco técnico-administrativo de los concursos de ideas, de una propuesta para el puente llevada a cabo junto con dos grupos más de compañeros que presentan soluciones distintas para el mismo. La determinación de la solución se ha realizado mediante un estudio de soluciones, valorando distintas alternativas bajo una serie de factores y condicionantes. De este modo, la solución adoptada consiste en un puente arco superior de acero o "bowstring" con péndolas flexibles e inclinadas, y tablero mixto, que salva una luz libre de 40 metros. Presenta como peculiaridad la bifurcación de los arcos en sus arranques, dispuestos en dos pies que se unen en el tramo central del arco. El arco en planta presenta un tramo central recto, mientras que los pies se abren formando un arco de circunferencia cada uno de ellos. Además quedan arriostrados mediante una riostra recta y una cruz de San Andrés, donde se anclan las péndolas flexibles. En alzado, el arco adopta un desarrollo curvo de un arco de circunferencia. Por otro lado, aprovechando el ancho adicional necesario para cumplir el gálibo exigido bajo el arco, quedan separadas las aceras de la calzada, dejando vistas las vigas de piso y el cauce de la rambla, protegiendo el hueco mediante un Trámex. Se trata de un tablero mixto, formado por un entramado de vigas metálicas y losa colaborante de hormigón. Se disponen dos nervios longitudinales en cajón que en los extremos se bifurcan en dos vigas diagonales atadas en los apoyos mediante una riostra, de forma que se redirijan los esfuerzos como en el arco, además de una serie de vigas transversales tanto de piso como en cuchillo en doble T, y que presentan una separación entre ellas de 2.5 metros. Sobre ellas, se coloca una chapa grecada que se utilizará como encofrado perdido de la losa colaborante de hor

Published
2016

12. Potenciación del patrimonio natural, cultural y paisajístico con el diseño de itinerarios turísticos

Author

Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, and Guillén Serrano, Virginia

Subjects
3 - Ciencias sociales, Cultural tourism, Turismo cultural
Abstract

Los itinerarios turísticos toman distintas denominaciones: corredores, rutas, circuitos, caminos, etc., tratando de potenciar las singularidades de su territorio y hacerlo atractivo a los visitantes. Son una potente herramienta que permite a sus usuarios conocer, valorar y conservar los elementos en ellos presentes. En este trabajo se toma como referencia el municipio de Blanca (Murcia, España) perteneciente a la comarca de Valle de Ricote y atravesado por el río Segura, que encierra interesantes valores ambientales, etnográficos, culturales y patrimoniales. Se diseñan cinco rutas turísticas de baja dificultad y se formulan líneas de actuación en base a sus fortalezas, amenazas, debilidades y oportunidades, acompañadas de su valoración económica. Se trata de impulsar la débil economía rural a través del desarrollo de actividades turísticas, dar a conocer sus recursos y fomentar hábitos de conservación y protección. ABSTRACT: The tourist routes take on distinct names: routes, circuits, paths, etc trying to enhance characteristics of its region, and to making it appealing to visitors. They are an effective tool that enables their users to know, appreciate and protect the elements that are present there. This work takes place in the town of Blanca (Murcia, Spain), located in the region of the Ricote Valley and which is spanned by the Segura River that includes interesting environmental, ethnographical, cultural and heritage values. There have been designed five tourist routes of low difficulty and basic plans of action have been drawn up for their strengths, threats, weaknesses and opportunities, together with their economic assessment. It deals with boosting the weak rural economy through the development of tourist activities, making known its resources, and promoting habits of conservation and protection.

Published
2014

13. Geogenic distribution of Arsenic (As) and Antimony (Sb) in soils of the Murcia Region in Spain

Author

García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Martínez-Sánchez, María José, Pérez-Sirvent, Carmen, López-Sánchez, Joaquín, Molina-Ruiz, José, Tudela, Mari Luz, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Martínez-Sánchez, María José, Pérez-Sirvent, Carmen, López-Sánchez, Joaquín, Molina-Ruiz, José, and Tudela, Mari Luz

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the As and Sb contents in soils from the Murcia Region of Spain and the possible relationship between the mineralogical composition, soil properties, and As and Sb concentrations. In this study, 490 samples were selected from areas with different characteristics in order to study As and Sb variability. Results show that As and Sb concentrations are positively correlated with the phyllosilicate and quartz content but negatively correlated with the calcite content. The generic reference level (GRL) for these elements was determined according to the Spanish legislation. Established GRL values vary according to the established mineralogical groups, suggesting that GRL has to be determined considering the lithological characteristics of the study area, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, FALSE, pub

Published
2015

18. Mobility indices for the assessment of metal contamination in soils affected by old mining activities

Author

García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Molina Ruiz, José, Martínez Sánchez, María José, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Molina Ruiz, José, and Martínez Sánchez, María José

Abstract

This work presents a methodology to assess the environmental potential risk of soils when submitted to different conditions. The potentially toxic element (PTE) behaviour was evaluated by single chemical extractions in order to simulate four conditions: PTEs leaching under actual rainfall conditions; acid mine drainage; and an anoxic and an oxic environment. Soil pollution assessment was carried out using the contamination factor (CF) and the pollution load index (PLI) for total contents and indicators of mobility were established for each extraction: natural mobility indicator (NMI), acid mine drainage mobility indicator (AMI), oxic mobility indicator (OMI) and anoxic mobility indicator (ANMI). The total PTE content in the samples was high, and this content decreased when the distance of the sampling site to the source of contamination increased. The results obtained after the extractions suggested that the highest PTE content was extracted in the acidic medium. The mineralogical composition is an important factor that should be taken into account in the evaluation of PTE mobility, firstly because the mineral phases react differently in the proposed situations depending on their chemical nature, and secondly, because the presence of a particular phase (with different degree of reactivity) depends on the degree of weathering. The most reactive materials under oxic conditions are, in the study area, the most modern. The proposed indices may constitute a first attempt to define areas with high potential environmental risk, where urgent action is needed. In addition, the proposed methodology could be a valuable tool to prioritise these interventions., Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2014

23. Weathering processes in waste materials from a mining area in a semiarid zone

Author

Navarro Hervás, Cortés, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, Navarro Hervás, Cortés, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, and Molina Ruiz, José

Abstract

Chemical and mineralogical characterization of waste materials present in an abandoned Pb, Zn–Ag mining site (SE, Spain) was carried out. In unaltered rocks, the mineralogy is characterized by plagioclase, pyroxene, magnetite, ilmenite, amphibole, biotite and quartz. Trace-element contents of these samples represent unaltered values. In mine-waste materials, pH ranged from acidic to slightly acidic and trace-element content was generally high, especially for Pb and Zn, although there were also substantial As concentrations. X-ray diffraction results suggested that these samples have a complex mineralogy, including alteration products. Surficial materials in the study area were affected by weathering processes, generating supergene assemblages, including Fe and Mn oxides and hydroxides, carbonates, hydrated sulfates and jarosite. Knowledge of the geochemical processes that took place in the past and whichare still taking place provide an important tool for assessing associated environmental problems in this area., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2012

24. Spatial distribution and sources of trace elements in sediments affected by old mining activities

Author

García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez Sánchez, María José, Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez Sánchez, María José, Molina Ruiz, José, and Tudela Serrano, María Luz

Abstract

The distribution of trace elements throughout mining areas is an important issue because abandoned tailings could be a major source of environmental pollution. In order to analyze the spatial variation of trace elements in a zone where mining activities took place and to identify pollution sources in the study area, a three-step study was carried out at a regional, at a local, and a detailed scale. In addition, a conceptual model of trace elements dispersion was established and confirmed by a geographic information system. The results obtained allowed to establish points affected by primary, secondary, and tertiary contamination, according to their proximity to contamination sources and as a function of attenuation processes which could take place in the studied area., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2012

25. Trace elements contamination in an abandoned mining site in a semiarid zone

Author

García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, Molina Ruiz, José, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, and Molina Ruiz, José

Abstract

The distribution of trace elements throughout mining areas is an important issue because abandoned tailings can be a major source of environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to identify the trace element content, hydric dispersion ways and its reception areas in selected zones of the abandoned mining district of Sierra Minera Cartagena-La Unión. The results obtained allowed to establish points affected by primary, secondary and tertiary contamination, according to their proximity to contamination sources, as a function of its chemical and mineralogical composition. Applied GIS methodology allowed visualisation and confirmation of established conceptual model., Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC), Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2012

26. Developing and applying a GIS-assisted approach to evaluate visual impact in wind farms

Author

Molina Ruiz, José, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, and García Lorenzo, María De La Luz

Abstract

Received 6 November 2009 / Accepted 27 August 2010. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved., Wind energy represents one of the most important renewable resources. Wind energy is a clean, renewable and its benefits are considered greater than the disadvantages. However, even though wind farms represent environmentally friendly projects, they frequently generate public resistance. One of the main disadvantages of wind farm construction projects is their poor aesthetic integration into the landscape. On the other hand, landscape impact of wind farms could be minimised if the visual impact is previously evaluated. As regards with the European legislation, the procedure of environmental impact assessment study is necessary before a wind farm project could be established. In contrast, there is not an objective methodology to assess the visual impact of wind farms. The aim of this work was to develop a methodology to predict and evaluate, before its construction, the visual impact of wind farms, taking into account the visualscape from different observation points. Proposed methodology could help to determine and evaluate the best location for new wind farm projects. Moreover, this method could be used as a consulting tool for public organization and private institutions, being quick, concise and clear., Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2011

27. Monitoring salinization processes in soils by using a chemical degradation indicator

Author

Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, and García Lorenzo, María De La Luz

Abstract

The main aim of this work is to progress in the study of desertification processes in Mediterranean regions in the framework of DESERTNET project by means of the execution of pilot studies and development of evaluation models. This paper shows the results of an investigation on the degradation processes of soils carried out in the Murcia Region (SE, Spain). Specifically, salinization problems in Murcia Region were evaluated by means of two chemical degradation indicators, salinization state and salinization rate. We define chemical degradation indicator as the representative value of an observed chemical phenomenon in soil which produce its degradation. Chemical degradation indicators were calculated in order to simplify the interpretation of all the complex processes involved in environmental monitoring. The results obtained showed that in some areas an increase in salinization processes is taking place. On the other hand, there are only a few points with high a risk of salinization, obtaining similar results in the two periods of time studied., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2011

28. Use of Marble Cutting Sludges for Remediating Soils and Sediments Contaminated by Heavy Metals

Author

Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, Molina Ruiz, José, Marimón, Jorge, Cortes Navarro, María, Pérez Sirvent, Carmen, García Lorenzo, María De La Luz, Martínez Sánchez, Maria José, Molina Ruiz, José, Marimón, Jorge, and Cortes Navarro, María

Abstract

Published online 19 October 2010 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers., The addition of marble-cutting sludge to soils and sediments was assessed as a possible way of remediating heavy metal contamination. Two sediments from a site affected by historic mining activities and two sediment samples obtained from a highly industrialized area were used for the study. The samples were mixed with marble-cutting sludge providing four stabilized samples from which forty leachates were studied. The results suggest that the addition of this sludge, consisting mainly of carbonates, to heavy metal polluted sediments, decreases available metal forms. The leached solutions showed a nontoxic effect when they were submitted to the Microtox® bioassay. The carbonate content plays a role in the chemical stabilization of metals and in lowering the toxicity of these types of samples., Spanish MICINN, Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2010

30. Impact of acid mine drainages on surficial waters of an abandoned mining site.

Author

García-Lorenzo, M, Marimón, J., Navarro-Hervás, M, Pérez-Sirvent, C., Martínez-Sánchez, M, and Molina-Ruiz, José

Subjects
POLLUTION, TRACE elements, SULFIDE minerals, X-ray diffraction, ACID mine drainage
Abstract

Weathering of sulphide minerals produces a great variety of efflorescences of soluble sulphate salts. These minerals play an important role for environmental pollution, since they can be either a sink or a source for acidity and trace elements. This paper aims to characterise surface waters affected by mining activities in the Sierra Minera of Cartagena-La Union (SE, Spain). Water samples were analysed for trace metals (Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, As and Fe), major ions (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and anions (F, Cl, NO, CO, SO) concentrations and were submitted to an 'evaporation-precipitation' experiment that consisted in identifying the salts resulting from the evaporation of the water aliquots sampled onsite. Mineralogy of the salts was studied using X-ray diffraction and compared with the results of calculations using VISUAL MINTEQ. The study area is heavily polluted as a result of historical mining and processing activities that has produced large amount of wastes characterised by a high trace elements content, acidic pH and containing minerals resulting from the supergene alteration of the raw materials. The mineralogical study of the efflorescences obtained from waters shows that magnesium, zinc, iron and aluminium sulphates predominate in the acid mine drainage precipitates. Minerals of the hexahydrite group have been quantified together with minerals of the rozenite group, alunogen and other phases such as coquimbite and copiapite. Calcium sulphates correspond exclusively to gypsum. In a semiarid climate, such as that of the study area, these minerals contribute to understand the response of the system to episodic rainfall events. MINTEQ model could be used for the analysis of waters affected by mining activities but simulation of evaporation gives more realistic results considering that MINTEQ does not consider soluble hydrated salts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Identificación de impactos ambientales significativos en la implantación de parques eólicos: un ejemplo en el municipio de Jumilla (Murcia)

Author

Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, and Tudela Serrano, María Luz

Abstract

Desde hace unos años se buscan en España soluciones a la dependencia respecto a los recursos energéticos no renovables. En nuestra Comunidad, la energía eólica se convierte en una energía alternativa real, conjuntamente con otras energías renovables, en especial, la solar fotovoltaica. El contar con una política de apoyo que favorece el desarrollo energético regional de una manera sostenible y la disponibilidad de zonas en nuestra región donde desarrollarla son la base de este trabajo, cuyo objetivo es la identificación de los emplazamientos idóneos para la instalación de parques eólicos en el municipio de Jumilla, considerando criterios ambientales., Since a few years ago in Spain is seeking solutions to the dependence on non-renewable energy resources. In our community, wind energy becomes a real alternative energy, along with other renewable energy sources, especially solar panel. Having a policy that aid the support regional energy development in a sustainable way and the availability of areas in our region develop where are the basis of this work, whose goal is the identification of sites suitable for the installation of wind parks in the municipality from Jumilla, considering environmental criteria.

Published
2006

32. La percepción social de las energías renovables a través de una encuesta de opinión: un caso práctico en localidades del noroeste murciano

Author

Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, and Molina Ruiz, José

Abstract

In the Region of Murcia a effort is being made to increase the production of renewable energies in fulfi lling of the established objectives of Kyoto for Spain. To the time, the social perception about the same ones worries more and more. In this work, the citizens think before the necessity to promote the use and implantation of renewable energies in several affected populations of the northwest. Suitable locations, the conservation of the natural and landscaping values of the surroundings and the economic necessities of the zone add to a rational use of these energies and a parallel technological development to reach a sustainable development, En la Región de Murcia se está realizando un esfuerzo por aumentar la producción de energías renovables en cumplimiento de los objetivos de Kyoto establecidos para España. Paralelamente, la percepción social acerca de las mismas preocupa cada vez más. En este trabajo, los ciudadanos opinan ante la necesidad de promover el uso e implantación de energías renovables en varias poblaciones afectadas del noroeste. Emplazamientos idóneos, la conservación de los valores naturales y paisajísticos del entorno y las necesidades socioeconómicas de la zona se suman a un uso racional de estas energías y un desarrollo tecnológico paralelo para alcanzar un desarrollo sostenible

Published
2006

33. Estudio de viabilidad ambiental para la localización de parques eólicos en un municipio de la Región de Murcia

Author

Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, and Molina Ruiz, José

Abstract

Un Parque Eólico está constituido por un conjunto de Aerogeneradores que vierten la energía que producen a la red eléctrica. En general, los Parques Eólicos pueden provocar impactos sobre el medio natural, de ahí que haya que buscar emplazamientos donde se garantice la compatibilidad entre la producción energética, la conservación de los valores naturales y paisajísticos del entorno y las necesidades socioeconómicas de la zona.

Published
2005

35. Capacidad de acogida de la actividad minera de roca ornamental en el municipio de Cehegín (Murcia)

Author

Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, and Tudela Serrano, María Luz

Abstract

In the last two decades the ornamental rock mining sector is presented as one of the most dynamic subsectors within the economic activities in the Autonomous Community of Murcia. This expansion growth provokes, in view of the nature of this sector, an important deterioration in the natural environmentof difficult quantifiying. The aim of this paper in to know in advance the environment sensitivity or the acceptance capacity for this activity, which has to guarantee the non-overcoming of negative impact maximum thresholds andhas to reach suitability minimum levels. All this will depend on visual impact and landscape criteria., El sector extractivo de la minería de roca ornamental se nos presenta en las últimas dos décadas como uno de los subsectores más dinámicos dentro de las actividades económicas de la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia. Este crecimiento expansivo provoca, dada la naturaleza del sector, un grave deterioro sobre el entorno natural de difícil cuantificación. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer a priori la sensibilidad del medio o Capacidad de Acogida ante la actividad, que debe asegurar la no superación de unos umbrales máximos de impacto negativo y que se alcancen unos niveles mínimos de aptitud. Todo ello dependiendo de criterios paisajísticos y de incidencia visual.

Published
2003

37. Fragilidad visual de la actividad minera de roca ornamental en el municipio de Cehegín(Murcia)

Author

Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, and Molina Ruiz, José

Abstract

All mining extractive processing shows clear effect on its environment, these actions have several consequences like impacts and potential risks for the environment. Due to the importance of visual impacts on the development of the ornamental rock mining activity, this study establish determinate the most Visual Fragility areas of municipality of Gehegín (Murcia) and supply an important information for Planning Projects., Todo proceso extractivo presenta una clara incidencia sobre el medio en el cual se desarrolla dejando una serie de secuelas en forma de impactos o riesgos potenciales. Debido a la importancia que los impactos visuales tienen para el desarrollo de la actividad minera de la roca ornamental se plantea en este trabajo determinar las zonas de mayor Fragilidad Visual del Municipio de Cehegín (Murcia) y proporcionar una valiosa información de base para una Planificación del Territorio.

Published
2002

38. Miniminación del impacto paisajístico en la actividad minera a cielo abierto: Demostración técnica y práctica de los costes de restauración

Author

Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Bueno, J. M., Cano, M.P., Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Bueno, J. M., Cano, M.P., and Molina Ruiz, José

Abstract

All mining extractive processing shows clear effect on its environment, these actions have several consequences like impacts and potential risks for the environment. Due to the importance of visual impacts on the development of the ornamental rock mining activity, this study presents a methodology to optimize the restoration costs based on the relationship between the restored zone and the potential visual impact diminution., Todo proceso extractivo presenta una clara incidencia sobre el medio en el cual se desarrolla dejando una serie de secuelas en forma de impactos o riesgos potenciales. Debido a la importancia que los impactos visuales tienen para el desarrollo de la actividad minera de la roca ornamental se plantea en este trabajo una metodología para optimizar los costes de restauración de la actividad comprobando la relación existente entre el espacio restaurado y la disminución del impacto visual potencial

Published
2001

39. Metodología práctica de aplicación de un proyecto SIG en el término municipal de Cehegín (Murcia)

Author

Vicente Albadalejo, Mariano, Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Vicente Albadalejo, Mariano, Molina Ruiz, José, and Tudela Serrano, María Luz

Abstract

Este trabajo, preparado expresamente con IDRISI, versión 4.1 para entorno Dos, estudia las posibilidades de aplicación de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica a las actuaciones sobre el territorio desde un punto de vista cartográfico. Se ha elegido el término municipal de Cehegín al estar marcado por la impronta de su litología, relieve, biótica y edafología, manifestándose como un espacio que puede ser definido por diferentes unidades y subunidades de paisaje

Published
2000

40. AN EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY TO LAND DEGRADATION IN MURCIA REGION, SE SPAIN.

Author

Mártinez-Sánchez, María José, Pérez-Sirvent, Carmen, García-Lorenzo, Mari Luz, and Molina-Ruiz, José

Abstract

An assessment of the sensitivity to land degradation was carried out in the Murcia Region (SE Spain) by means of a modelling approach developed by the European Commission funded MED ALUS project (Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use). These areas are identified according to ESA index (Environmental Sensitive Areas index) that incorporates data on environmental quality (climate, vegetation, soil) together with management data. The obtained results were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS), and maps of environmental sensitivity to degradation were created. The proposed methodology allows to identify different degrees of vulnerability to land degradation, and also to analyse specific factors affecting desertification. Results showed that the study area is mostly located in the critical desertification class. Based on the results, almost all the land is included in high-critical class (C3), showing that the whole region is at high desertification risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015

42. El sector minero de la roca ornamental en la Región de Murcia: un ejemplo socioeconómico en la comarca del Noroeste

Author

Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, and Molina Ruiz, José

Abstract

En los últimos años, la minería de roca ornamental ha reflejado un fuerte crecimiento en los índices de ocupación y en tasas de producción y exportación. En este trabajo se analiza, en general, la trayectoria socioeconómica que ha seguido el sector en la Región de Murcia y, en particular, la evolución experimentada en la Comarca del Noroeste

Published
1999

43. Use of marble cutting sludges for remediating soils and sediments contaminated by heavy metals.

Author

Pérez-Sirvent, Carmen, García-Lorenzo, María Luz, Martínez-Sánchez, María José, Molina-Ruiz, José, Marimon, Jorge, and Navarro, María Cortes

Subjects
SEWAGE sludge, SOIL remediation, HEAVY metal toxicology, CONTAMINATED sediments, LEACHATE, CARBONATES
Abstract

The addition of marble-cutting sludge to soils and sediments was assessed as a possible way of remediating heavy metal contamination. Two sediments from a site affected by historic mining activities and two sediment samples obtained from a highly industrialized area were used for the study. The samples were mixed with marble-cutting sludge providing four stabilized samples from which forty leachates were studied. The results suggest that the addition of this sludge, consisting mainly of carbonates, to heavy metal polluted sediments, decreases available metal forms. The leached solutions showed a nontoxic effect when they were submitted to the Microtox® bioassay. The carbonate content plays a role in the chemical stabilization of metals and in lowering the toxicity of these types of samples. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Desarrollo de un modelo de datos y diseño de una aplicación S.I.G. para la localización de la interfaz urbano forestal y priorización de actuaciones preventivas contra incendios forestales: validación del modelo de datos en una demarcación forestal de la Región de Murcia

Author

Díaz Palmero, José María, Tudela Serrano, María Luz, Molina Ruiz, José, Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, and Facultad de Letras

Subjects
6 - Ciencias aplicadas::63 - Agricultura. Silvicultura. Zootecnia. Caza. Pesca::630 - Silvicultura. Arboricultura [CDU], Sistemas de información geográfica
Abstract

La Región de Murcia, situada en el sureste de la Península Ibérica es considerada por los expertos en incendios forestales como de alto riesgo. A esta calificación se añade la proliferación continua y constante de asentamientos humanos, rurales y urbanos, en las zonas clasificadas de interfaz urbano forestal, zona en la que el terreno forestal entra en contacto con zonas edificadas. Estos espacios están sometidos a la amenaza de incendios, que conllevan la pérdida de bienes y, llegado el caso, de vidas humanas, provocando además un incremento del riesgo, una creciente complejidad en las labores de prevención y, sobre todo, de extinción. Es por ello necesario el diagnóstico, desarrollo de metodologías y puesta en marcha de acciones preventivas, planes de actuación y programas de desarrollo en estos espacios considerados zonas prioritarias. A tal efecto, el objetivo principal del presente trabajo de investigación es: • Diseñar, Programar y Validar una aplicación informática, con herramientas SIG, capaz de analizar las zonas de Interfaz Urbano Forestal (IUF), y localizar aquellas ubicaciones que requieran la realización de tratamientos preventivos con mayor o menor urgencia. El desarrollo de la aplicación informática precisa implantar un marco metodológico que consta de cinco fases relacionadas entre sí: FASE 1 - INICIO: Identificación del flujo de datos previos. Identificación del flujo de acciones y modelos de datos. FASE 2 - DEFINICIÓN: Definición de los programas base. Definición del lenguaje de programación. FASE 3 - DISEÑO: Diseño de la Interfaz Gráfica de Usuario. Preparación de datos. Análisis espacial. FASE 4 - PROGRAMACIÓN: Preparación de datos. Análisis espacial. FASE 5 - FASE DE VALIDACIÓN: Modelo de datos para análisis de validación. Los resultados obtenidos ofrecen: El estudio y análisis de la estructura de la vegetación de uso forestal en la Región de Murcia y los modelos de combustibles que más influyen en el riesgo de incendio forestal sobre la Interfaz Urbano Forestal (IUF) en las cuatro Demarcaciones forestales. El mayor porcentaje de incendios forestales se producirán y propagarán sobre Matorral, que corresponden a los modelos de combustibles 4, 5, 6 y 7 siendo difíciles de atacar, controlar y extinguir. El estudio y análisis de los incendios forestales acaecidos en la Región de Murcia durante el periodo 2001-2015, que ascienden a 1.925 y arrasan 5.225,92 ha, siendo las principales causas que los provocan, las negligencias causas accidentales e intencionadas. Con estos datos se diseña una aplicación para determinar la probabilidad del Riesgo de Incendios Forestal a escala 1:5.000, siendo exportable a la aplicación SIG. El diseño y programación de la aplicación SIG, utilizando el sistema operativo Windows 10.1 y el motor para su programación ha sido ArcGis 10.3. El lenguaje de programación Phyton, Arcpy y PyQT, es apto para el análisis, flexible y adaptable a distintas plataformas y software libre y privado para la gestión del territorio, ofreciendo los módulos desarrollados y programados una herramienta accesible para el manejo por parte de los gestores y analistas. Se ha elegido como Zona de Validación en la Región de Murcia la Comarca Forestal de Calasparra, dónde se localizan las Zonas Prioritarias de Actuación de Acciones Preventivas en las infraestructuras Áreas de Recreo y Urbanizaciones. La consecución de cada uno de los resultados y su representación cartográfica concluye el círculo para el cálculo y representación de las Zonas Prioritarias de Actuación de Acciones Preventivas en las zonas de Interfaz Urbano Forestal (IUF), en la Comarca Forestal de Calasparra. The Region of Murcia, located in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula, in the Mediterranean basin, is considered by experts in forest fires as high risk. Added to this qualification is the continuous and constant proliferation of human settlements, rural and urban, in areas classified as wildland–urban interface (WUI), an area in which forest land comes into contact with built-up areas.These spaces are subject to the threat of fires, which entail the loss of property and, if necessary, human lives, also causing an increase in risk, an increasing complexity in the work of prevention and, above all, of extinction. It is therefore necessary to diagnose, develop methodologies and implement preventive actions, action plans and development programs in these areas, considered priority areas. For this purpose, the main objective of this research work is: • Design, program and validate a computer application, with GIS tools, capable of analyzing the areas of wildland–urban interface (WUI), and locate those locations that require the performance of preventive treatments with greater or lesser urgency. In relation to this work, the development of the computer application to study forest fires in the wildland–urban interface (WUI), needs to implement a methodological framework that contemplates the process of developing the computer application. It consists of five phases related to each other: PHASE 1 - START: Identification of the previous data flow. Identification of the flow of actions and data models. PHASE 2 - DEFINITION: Definition of the base programs. Definition of the programming language. PHASE 3 - DESIGN: Design of the Graphical User Interface. Preparation of data. Spatial analysis. PHASE 4 - PROGRAMMING: Preparation of data. Spatial analysis. PHASE 5 - VALIDATION PHASE: Data model for validation analysis. The results obtained offer: The study and analysis of the structure of forest use vegetation in the Region of Murcia and fuel models that most influence the risk of forest fire on the wildland–urban interface (WUI) in the four forest Demarcations. The highest percentage of forest fires will be produced and propagated on Matorral, which correspond to the fuel models 4, 5, 6 and 7, being difficult to attack, control and extinguish. The study and analysis of forest fires that occurred in the Region of Murcia during the period 2001-2015, amounting to 1,925 and devastating 5,225.92 ha, being the main causes that cause them, negligence causes accidental and intentional. With this data, an application is designed to determine the probability of forest fire risk at a scale of 1: 5,000, being exportable to the GIS application. The design and programming of the GIS application, using the Windows 10.1 operating system and the engine for its programming has been ArcGis 10.3. The programming language Phyton, Arcpy and PyQT, is apt for analysis, flexible and adaptable to different platforms and free and private software for the management of the territory, offering the developed and programmed modules an accessible tool for management by the managers and analysts. The Calasparra Forestry Region has been chosen as the Validation Zone in the Region of Murcia, where the Priority Areas for the Action of Preventive Actions are located in the infrastructures Recreation Areas and Urbanisations. The achievement of each one of the results and its cartographic representation concludes the circle for the calculation and representation of the Priority Zones of Action of Preventive Actions in the areas of wildland–urban interface (WUI), in the Forestry Region of Calasparra.

Published
2018

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results