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Background: Sex work remains a contentious and marginalized aspect of society, with sex workers facing a myriad of challenges that impact their mental health and well-being. Objective: This review explores, reviews, and examines the psychiatric challenges encountered by sex workers daily and seeks to identify key gaps in the current research and highlight areas of future intervention and support. Methodology: This study followed five stages of the integrative review suggested by Whittmore and Knafl. The identification of the problem, literature search, data evaluation, data extraction, analysis, and presentation of results were the five stages of the integrative review that were carried out. This review examined English-language publications from 2010 to 2023 that discussed the mental health issues that sex workers experienced. Furthermore, this study excluded publications that were published before 2010, articles written in languages other than English, publications whose complete texts could not be retrieved, and works that did not address the mental health problems that sex workers encounter. For their initial search, the writers employed electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, Psych-Info, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Medline. The search terms were as follows: ‘sex work’, ‘sex workers’, ‘prostitution’, ‘mental health’, ‘psychiatric challenges’, ‘stigma’, Risk factors’, and ‘barriers’. Results: Following the critical appraisal, out of 150 studies, only 34 studies were chosen for analysis. Using Cresswell’s Tesch method, two themes emerged from this study: (1) mental health challenges faced by sex workers and (2) primary risk factors contributing to their mental health challenges. Conclusions: Moreover, addressing the psychiatric challenges faced by sex workers requires a multifaceted approach that acknowledges the intersectionality of factors influencing sex workers’ mental health outcomes, thus also highlighting the imperative for tailored interventions and support systems to promote their well-being.

The intersection of religious beliefs and sex work has long been a subject of debate, with varying perspectives on the moral, social, and legal implications. This qualitative systematic review aimed to review the nuanced relationship between religious beliefs and sex work by synthesizing the existing literature and providing insights into the diverse perspectives and experiences. The rationale for this research is to understand how religious beliefs influence societal attitudes, policies, and the experiences of sex workers in order to inform more effective and culturally sensitive interventions and support mechanisms. This review focused on articles pertaining to female-identified sex workers, as the gendered discussion happens heavily in religious interpretations and in current anti-trafficking legislation, which now genders men as customers and not as sex workers. Five stages of systematic review were followed in this review. The following peer-reviewed electronic databases from 2000 to 2023 were utilized: Google Scholar, Scopus database, Science Direct, and PubMed. The search strategy focused on identifying studies that investigated the impact of religious beliefs on various aspects of sex work, including attitudes towards sex work within religious communities and the influence of religious teachings on the behavior and practices of sex workers. Inclusion criteria were defined based on population, exposure, study design, and outcomes, while exclusion criteria were established to ensure the relevance and rigor of the included studies. Only 25 relevant studies resulted from this research. Four themes emerged from this study: (1) religious attitudes towards sex work; (2) experiences of sex workers, including stigmatization and marginalization within religious contexts; (3) social control; and (4) empowerment and advocacy. The relationship between religious beliefs and sex work is complex and multifaceted, influenced by cultural, social, and historical factors. Recognizing and understanding these perspectives is essential for developing more inclusive and effective interventions and policies that address the needs and rights of sex workers within the context of their religious beliefs and communities.

Research has primarily focused on female sex workers, leaving a large gap in our understanding of the factors affecting the welfare of male sex workers (MSWs). The purpose of this study was to review the body of research on how substance addiction affects MSWs' health and welfare. Using Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Medline, and CINAHL, a systematic search was carried out. Included was all the research on the effects of drug misuse on the health and happiness of sex workers. The methodology for conducting systematic reviews developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute was applied in this review. The research encompassed English-language papers authored between 2000 and 2024 to guarantee a thorough analysis of current patterns and breakthroughs in the domain, mirroring the current obstacles and progressions in tackling substance addiction among male sex workers. Exclusion criteria were developed to guarantee the relevance and rigor of the included research, whereas inclusion criteria were set based on demographics, exposure, and results. Nineteen studies that met the inclusion criteria were found during the review. This study revealed three main themes: factors contributing to substance abuse among male sex workers; the correlation between substance abuse and mental health among sex workers; and the correlation between substance abuse and the incidence of STIs, including HIV. This study highlights the urgent need for comprehensive, inclusive approaches to address the specific needs of MSWs, ultimately aiming to improve their quality of life and reduce health disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]