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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a debilitating condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life (QoL). Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a complementary therapy for chronic conditions. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an eight-weekMBSR program in improving QoL, self-compassion, mindfulness, depression, and anxiety among COPD patients. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 COPD patients allocated to either an MBSR intervention group (n = 60) or a control group (CG) receiving standard care (n = 60). The MBSR program consisted of weekly 2.5-hour sessions for eight weeks. The primary outcome was the change in St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total scores from baseline to post-intervention. Secondary outcomes included changes in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) scores. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and three months follow-up. Results: The MBSR group showed a significantly greater reduction in SGRQ total scores (-12.4 ± 8.7) compared to the CG (P < 0.001) at post-intervention. Significant improvements were also observed in the MBSR group relative to the CG for HADS-Anxiety (change: -3.5 ± 2.8, P < 0.001), HADS-Depression (change: -3.1 ± 2.6, P < 0.001), FFMQ total (change: 22.3 ± 12.5, P < 0.001), and SCS total (change: 15.7 ± 10.2, P < 0.001) scores at post-intervention. The improvements were maintained at the three months follow-up (all P< 0.001). Conclusion: An 8-week MBSR program significantly improves QoL, depression, anxiety, mindfulness, and self-compassion in COPD patients compared to standard care alone. These findings support the integration of mindfulness-based interventions into the standard care of COPD patients. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the optimal implementation of MBSR in COPD care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Depression and anxiety are prevalent psychological comorbidities within the patient group with AMI (acute myocardial infarction) and correlate with harmful effects. This research aimed to examine the predictive value of anxiety and depression on HRQoL (health-related quality of life) and prolonged cardiovascular outcomes within individuals with AMI in Baghdad, Iraq. Methods: This study, designed as a prospective cohort, enrolled 1,000 AMI patients from three tertiary care hospitals in Baghdad. Anxiety and depression were evaluated through the use of the PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) at baseline. Over a 5-year follow-up period, the main endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular events, including recurrent AMI, cardiovascular mortality, and heart failure. Secondary outcomes included HRQoL, which was evaluated using the SF-36 (Short Form-36) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed employing linear mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: At baseline, the prevalence of depression and anxiety was 42.6% (95% Cl: 39.5-45.7) and 38.4% (95% Cl: 35.4-41.4) (HADS) or 35.2% (95% Cl: 32.2-38.2) (PHQ-9), respectively. After adjusting for confounders, baseline HADS-Anxiety (adjusted HR: 1.08, 95% Cl: 1.04-1.12), HADS-Depression (adjusted HR: 1.06, 95% Cl: 1.02-1.10), and PHQ-9 scores (adjusted HR: 1.05, 95% Cl: 1.02-1.08) were significant predictors of cardiovascular events. Higher levels of depression and anxiety were additionally linked with lower SF-36 Mental and Physical Component Summary scores within the 5-year follow-up timeframe. Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among AMI patients in Baghdad and are significant predictors of reduced QoL and adverse cardiovascular events over five years. The results highlight the importance of comprehensive management and regular evaluation to identify depression and anxiety in individuals with AMI to improve outcomes and QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]