38 results on '"Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai"'
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2. Measurement and Analysis of Magnetic Properties in IS 2062 Steel and AISI D2 Tool Steel Via Non-destructive Testing
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Vikas Diwakar, Ashwani Sharma, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) - Published
- 2023
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3. Experimental Analyses into Dry Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Grinding of Difficult-to-Machine Tool Steel with Alumina Wheel
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Abhimanyu Chaudhari, Ashwani Sharma, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science - Published
- 2022
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4. Barkhausen Noise Signal Analysis of IS 2062 Steel and AISI D2 Tool Steel with Different Range of Magnetizing Frequency and Intensity
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Vikas Diwakar, Ashwani Sharma, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2022
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5. A comparative analysis of grinding of AISI D2 tool steel under different environments
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Ashwani Sharma, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
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6. Friction stir cladding of copper on aluminium substrate
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Adarsh Kumar, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Mithlesh Kumar Mahto, Meghanshu Vashista, and Avinash Ravi Raja
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Alternative methods ,Materials science ,chemistry ,Aluminium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Friction stir welding ,Substrate (electronics) ,Composite material ,Cladding (fiber optics) ,Copper ,Indentation hardness ,Layer (electronics) ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Abstract
Thick cladding of copper is required for diverse applications, however, only a handful of processes can be used for bulk material cladding. This study has been undertaken to suggest a better alternative method for cladding thick layer of copper on aluminium substrate. Cladding of 3 mm thick layer of copper on 6 mm thick aluminium substrate has been successfully performed using friction stir welding process (FSW). Detailed microscopic study, XRD and microhardness evaluation of the samples proved the quality of clad layer. Interestingly even after three FSW passes no substrate material could reach near the top of clad layer.
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- 2022
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7. An Experimental Study on Improving Grindability with LN2 Coolant for Grinding AISI D2 Tool Steel
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Ashwani Sharma, Abhimanyu Chaudhari, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science - Published
- 2023
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8. Grindability study of hard to cut AISI D2 steel upon ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding
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Abhimanyu Chaudhari, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Ultrasonic vibration ,Metallurgy ,Dry grinding ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Abstract
Ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding is a sustainable hybrid manufacturing technology that decreases the negative environmental impact of coolant, reduces manufacturing costs, and improves surface integrity. The present investigation analyses the mechanisms associated with ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding of AISI D2 tool steel with an alumina grinding wheel. It also compares the influence of traditional dry grinding and traditional wet grinding modes with the ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding mode at different ultrasonic vibration amplitudes. Ultrasonic vibration was applied to the sample in the longitudinal feed direction. Further, kinematics of the abrasive grit path during the traditional grinding and ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding is presented schematically. In this research, the impacts of ultrasonic vibration amplitude as well as the depth of cut on the process yields such as ground surface topography, grinding force, specific grinding energy, force ratio, surface finish, microstructure, and hardness were investigated experimentally. Experimental results revealed that the highest decline in tangential and normal grinding forces in ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding at ultrasonic vibration amplitude 10 µm and the reduction in surface roughness parameter ( Ra, Rq, and Rz) in ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding was 43.23%, 42.59%, and 33.69%, respectively, in comparison to those in traditional dry grinding and 26.35%, 26.94%, and 27.48%, respectively, in comparison to those in traditional wet grinding. It was observed that ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding is beneficial as the profile produced by ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding has a comparatively flat tip, and profile points are shifted to the bottom of the mean line. This study is expected to assist ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding of hard materials.
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- 2021
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9. Cladding of copper sheet on mild steel using friction stir welding
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Adarsh Kumar, Mithlesh Kumar Mahto, Avinash Ravi Raja, Meghanshu Vashista, and Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai
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Cladding (metalworking) ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Welding ,Indentation hardness ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Grain size ,Computer Science Applications ,law.invention ,Explosion welding ,Substrate (building) ,Control and Systems Engineering ,law ,Friction stir welding ,Composite material ,Layer (electronics) ,Software - Abstract
Common welding processes that are used for cladding causes dilution and therefore, there is a need to explore new processes of cladding. In this work, friction stir welding process has been used to successfully clad 3 mm thick copper sheet on a 6 mm thick mild steel substrate. The process is different from lap welding, not only because of its intended purpose, but also because several FSW passes are needed to cover the entire surface of the substrate. After one FSW pass, successive passes were carried out to cover a wider width of the clad layer by offsetting the tool. Metallurgical examination of the transverse cross-section of cladded samples was carried out using optical microscopy, SEM–EDS, microhardness test, and XRD. Surface jetting type features, normally seen in explosive welding, were observed at the interface of the two materials. The average grain size of steel substrate below the clad layer for both single and triple passes showed refined grains with size of 3.9 µm and 4.2 µm respectively indicating an improvement of more than 60% over the base steel. Although there was plastic flow of material, the substrate material could not make to the top surface of the clad layer. XRD analysis confirmed no new phases were observed on the top surface of the clad layer after cladding. However, the interface region on the transverse cross-section confirmed the presence of Cu0.8Fe0.2 and Cu0.3Fe1.7 intermetallics. Microhardness for copper clad region remained nearly same across all the passes. However, for the steel substrate, higher hardness values were found near the stir zone due to grain refinement for single pass clad while for double and triple passes, a slight reduction was recorded possibly due to metal transfer across the boundary upon second and third passes.
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- 2021
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10. Effect of Magnetizing Parameters on Surface Integrity During Dry and Cryogenic Grinding of AISI D2 Tool Steel
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Ashwani Sharma, Abhimanyu Chaudhari, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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- 2022
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11. Effect of Grinding Environments on Magnetic Response of AISI D2 Tool Steel
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Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Meghanshu Vashista, Akash Subhash Awale, Abhimanyu Chaudhari, and Ashwani Sharma
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Context (language use) ,engineering.material ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Grinding ,Root mean square ,symbols.namesake ,Mechanics of Materials ,0103 physical sciences ,Tool steel ,engineering ,symbols ,Surface roughness ,General Materials Science ,Composite material ,010301 acoustics ,Barkhausen effect ,Surface integrity - Abstract
Nowadays, precision manufacturing industries are required faster surface inspection tools for the achievement of high productivity. In this context, the Barkhausen noise (BN) technique is adopted as a quick response technique in the grinding for qualitative evaluation of surface integrity of AISI D2 tool steel. Present work investigates the effect of eco-friendly coolant, i.e., cryogenic, on surface integrity of ground sample in the plunge grinding mode at different downfeed and compared with dry and wet environments. Surface integrity was assessed in respect of surface roughness, microstructure, and microhardness. Magnetic response of ground surface was reported by Barkhausen noise analyzer in the form of root mean square (rms), peak, and number of pulses. From the outcomes, it was perceived that no significant variations were found in the microstructure and microhardness of the ground surface and subsurface after cryo-grinding owing to lower thermo-mechanical loading. Besides, lower surface roughness was obtained in the case of cryo-grinding because of thermal softening effect. A linear correlation between BN input parameters, i.e., magnetic field intensity and BN responses at different magnetizing frequency could be achieved. Finally, better BN responses, including higher rms, peak, and number of pulses, were found under the cryogenic environment.
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- 2021
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12. Friction stir channeling in AA6082 and AA2024 dissimilar alloys
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Pankaj Vishwakarma, Vikas Upadhyay, Chaitanya Sharma, and Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Traverse ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Welding ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Channelling ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry ,Aluminium ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Friction stir welding ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Joint (geology) ,Communication channel - Abstract
This work presents the effect of rotary speed (RS) and traverse speed (TS) on channel characteristics and weld tensile strength during simultaneous channeling and friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminium alloys 6082 and 2024. TS had discernible effect on the location of channels and shifted the same from advancing side to retreating side of weld joint. The effect of TS on channel area was found reverse to that of RS up to mid value of investigated range and beyond that they followed the same trend. RS had more dominating effect on the channel area than TS. The effect of TS and RS on channel perimeter was identical to that on channel area. It is possible to control the shape and size of channels and also their location by selecting proper combination of processing parameters during simultaneous friction stir channelling and welding of dissimilar aluminium alloys.
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- 2021
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13. Modeling and Simulation Study of Dry Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Grinding of Tool Steel With Single Alumina Abrasive Grit
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Abhimanyu Chaudhari, Ashwani Sharma, Akash Subhash Awale, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Control and Systems Engineering ,Mechanical Engineering ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
In the precision fabrication industries, ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding is widely utilized for the finishing of “difficult-to-cut” materials due to its intermittent cutting mechanism and brittle-to-ductile mode machining. In this study, a two-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of single grit ultrasonic vibration-assisted dry grinding (UVADG) and conventional dry grinding (CDG) of AISI D2 steel has been developed, which taken into account the influence of longitudinal ultrasonic vibration on the workpiece with variable downfeed. The effects of ultrasonic vibration and downfeed on the chip formation mechanism, temperature field, grinding force, and equivalent stress and strain were evaluated by analytical and simulation methods. The results show that the formation of the grinding chips under UVADG is much shorter and straighter than CDG mode at all respective downfeed. The validation experiment compared the simulated and experimental grinding force in both grinding modes to verify the reliability of the FEM results. The validation results demonstrate that the FEM model can accurately describe the single grit UVADG and CDG grinding. At each downfeed, the CDG mode has generated a larger equivalent plastic strain than the UVADG mode, resulting in a higher thermomechanical load on the workpiece. According to the findings, UVADG mode has the least plastic damage on the ground surface, which may improve the surface integrity of the ground component.
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- 2022
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14. Application of eco-friendly lubricants in sustainable grinding of die steel
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Akash Subhash Awale, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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010302 applied physics ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Materials science ,business.product_category ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Surface finish ,ISO 14000 ,01 natural sciences ,Environmentally friendly ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Grinding ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Operator (computer programming) ,Machining ,Mechanics of Materials ,0103 physical sciences ,Die (manufacturing) ,General Materials Science ,business ,Process engineering - Abstract
In recent years, increasing demand for biodegradable lubricants has been observed in precision machining owing to ISO 14000, which draws more attention toward the operator’s health and environmenta...
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- 2020
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15. Multi-objective optimization of MQL mist parameters for eco-friendly grinding
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Akash Subhash Awale, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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0209 industrial biotechnology ,Materials science ,Strategy and Management ,Mist ,02 engineering and technology ,Management Science and Operations Research ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Grinding ,Taguchi methods ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Machining ,Surface roughness ,Lubrication ,Specific energy ,Composite material ,Cutting fluid ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Nowadays, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) technique with eco-friendly groundnut oil is adopted in precision machining to tackle the operator health and environmental issues owing to petroleum based cutting fluid. The effectiveness of this technique depends on mixture quality of MQL mist. Hence, the objective of present work is to optimize the MQL mist parameters i.e. air pressure (P), flow rate (Q), and stand-off distance (ds) to minimize the effect of MQL based plunge grinding on hardened AISI H13 tool steel in terms of lowest grinding force, specific energy, grinding temperature, and surface roughness using grey relational analysis. Taguchi’s L16 orthogonal array was utilized for conducting the final experiments and mist parameters varied through four levels include P (2, 3, 4, and 5 bar), Q (50, 100, 150, and 200 L/h) and ds (40, 50, 60, and 70 mm). Further, experimental analysis was carried out to compare the effect of optimal and worst mist parameters on ground surface and microchip by using microhardness, scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscopy. According to validation test, P: 4 bar, Q:200 mL/h, and ds:50 mmare optimal mist parameters for multi-response variables of MQL grinding. Effective mist quality i.e. average droplet size of 51.03 μm was obtained at nozzle angle of 12°. Excellent ground surface quality with negligible microhardness variation and no wear tract microchip were observed under optimal mist setting.
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- 2020
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16. Monitoring of thermal damages upon grinding of hardened steel using Barkhausen noise analysis
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Akash Subhash Awale, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Ashish Kumar Srivastava, and Meghanshu Vashista
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0209 industrial biotechnology ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Indentation hardness ,law.invention ,Grinding ,Root mean square ,Hardened steel ,symbols.namesake ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Optical microscope ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Residual stress ,Lubrication ,symbols ,Composite material ,Barkhausen effect - Abstract
Thermal damage restrict the capability of grinding in achieving the desired production rate; therefore, the present study focuses on the employment of a non-destructive Barkhausen noise (BN) technique in the assessment of thermal damages produced from grinding of hardened IS 2062 steel under dry (no lubrication) and wet (with lubrication) conditions. Optical microscopy along with microhardness measurement was utilized to reveal the microstructural and hardness alternation occurred in the ground and subsurface of sample. X- ray diffraction peak shift was measured and used for qualitative analysis of residual stress. Furthermore, surface topography was obtained by scanning electron microscope. The magnetic response from ground surface were measured in terms of Barkhausen noise (root mean square) and hysteresis loop (average permeability). The result shows very poor magnetic response from ground hardened steel due to higher carbon content. A non-linear variation is observed between peak shift and root mean square value of Barkhausen noise. However, average permeability derived from hysteresis loop shows good correlation with the peak shift with a correlation coefficient of approximately 0.8149.
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- 2020
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17. Effect of Gas Metal Arc Welding on Magnetic Response of Ferritic Stainless Steel
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Sanjay Kumar Gupta, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Avinash Ravi Raja, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Multidisciplinary ,Materials science ,Magnetic barkhausen noise ,010102 general mathematics ,Magnetic response ,Welding ,01 natural sciences ,Indentation hardness ,Grain size ,law.invention ,Magnetic field ,Gas metal arc welding ,Root mean square ,law ,0101 mathematics ,Composite material - Abstract
The variation of magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) response of different regions of the gas metal arc welded ferritic stainless steel SS409L plate in terms of number of pulses and root mean square value with the variation of MBN analysis parameters (magnetic field intensity and magnetizing frequency) have been investigated in the present work. Five different values of magnetic field intensity 250, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 Oe at the constant magnetizing frequency of 25 Hz and four different values of magnetizing frequency 10, 20, 30 and 40 Hz at a constant magnetic field intensity of 800 Oe were used as MBN analysis parameters. It was found that MBN response depends upon the magnetic field intensity and magnetizing frequency as well on grain size and microhardness of different regions.
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- 2020
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18. Magnetic hysteresis loop behaviour of welded ferritic stainless steel 409L with the variation of magnetic field intensity
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Avinash Ravi Raja, Adarsh Kumar, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Meghanshu Vashista, and Sanjay Kumar Gupta
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010302 applied physics ,Heat-affected zone ,Materials science ,02 engineering and technology ,Welding ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Magnetic hysteresis ,01 natural sciences ,Gas metal arc welding ,law.invention ,Magnetic field ,Core (optical fiber) ,law ,Destructive testing ,0103 physical sciences ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Base metal - Abstract
Hysteresis loop analysis technique, being a non-destructive testing technique is more beneficial than the destructive testing techniques to characterise the welded plate. In this study, the ferritic stainless steel AISI 409L plate was butt welded by gas metal arc welding process. Hysteresis loop analysis technique was used to study the microstructures and microhardness of the base metal region, heat affected zone and weldmetal zone. This study has been carried out at four different values of magnetic field intensity 250, 500, 750 and 1000 Oe. The effect of variation of magnetic field intensity on the hysteresis loop characteristics (average maximum flux density and core loss) has been investigated for base metal, heat affected zone and weldmetal zone. It was found that for each region, the average maximum flux density as well as core loss increases on increasing magnetic field intensity. Also, the variation of average maximum flux density is inversely proportional to the microhardness of the region at each value of magnetic field intensity.
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- 2020
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19. Characterisation of welded plate through micro-magnetic technique
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Mithlesh Kumar Mahto, Avinash Ravi Raja, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Meghanshu Vashista, and Sanjay Kumar Gupta
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010302 applied physics ,Heat-affected zone ,Materials science ,02 engineering and technology ,Welding ,Coercivity ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Grain size ,Magnetic field ,law.invention ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,Permeability (electromagnetism) ,Remanence ,law ,Destructive testing ,0103 physical sciences ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Characterisation of the welded plate by Non-destructive testing technique are gaining more popularity over destructive testing. In this study, the variation in the hysteresis loop behaviour were examined with the variation of magnetic field intensity on the base metal, heat affected zone and weld metal regions of gas metal arc welded ferritic stainless steel plate. The behaviour of hysteresis loop characteristics such as average permeability, remanence and coercivity have been investigated and it was found that these characteristics depend upon the grain size and microhardness as well as magnetic field intensity. Coercivity of each region vary in proportion with the variation of magnetic field intensity and inversely proportional to the grain size, but the variation of other hysteresis loop characteristics with the magnetic field intensity in each region is irregular.
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- 2020
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20. Effectiveness of using liquid nitrogen cryogen in grinding to enhance the grinding performance of hard steel
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Ashwani Sharma, Abhimanyu Chaudhari, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Mechanical Engineering ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Abstract
Grinding generates a lot of heat in the grinding zone area during operation. Therefore, it is important to keep the temperature under control by using various cutting fluids to get a good ground surface quality. The existence of a stiff air layer surrounding the abrasive wheel is known to waste most of the cutting fluid supply in the interface area between the abrasive wheel and workpiece. Due to the high grinding speed, stiff air layers prevent cutting fluids from entering the interface area. Hence, to enhance the grinding performance, cryogenic cooling has been introduced to improve the penetration into the stiff air layer. The current work investigates the grindability of the ground surface of AISI D2 tool steel under different environments: dry, wet, and cryogenic, regarding grinding forces (i.e. tangential and normal force), specific grinding energy, and surface characterisation. This paper also proposed a method to evaluate image-based Abbott–Firestone curve (bearing area curve) parameters to characterise the ground surface topography. Significant reductions in grinding forces (64%–67% and 44%–50% in Ft, 54%–58% and 34%–39% in Fn), low specific grinding energy (64%–67% and 44%–50%), decrease in surface roughness (46%–51% and 30%–36% in Ra, 37%–41% and 31%–35% in Rz), improved 2D and 3D roughness profiles and higher bearing area ratio (89.54%) were observed at 40 µm downfeed in cryogenic cooling environments compared to dry and wet environments, respectively. Thus, observations show the importance of cryogenic cooling across the experimental domain.
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- 2023
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21. Magnetic response of mild steel at various analyzing parameters
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Meghanshu Vashista, Anubhav Singh, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Avinash Ravi Raja
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Acoustics ,Magnetic barkhausen noise ,02 engineering and technology ,Magnetic response ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks ,01 natural sciences ,Intensity (physics) ,Magnetic field ,symbols.namesake ,Ferromagnetism ,0103 physical sciences ,symbols ,Waveform ,0210 nano-technology ,Barkhausen effect ,Excitation - Abstract
Objective of current study is to analyse the effect of excitation frequency, magnetic field intensity and waveform on the hysteresis loop and Barkhausen Noise signals. As the property of ferromagnetic material especially the hysteresis loop and Barkhausen noise depends on microstructure, excitation frequency and magnetic field intensity. In this study the hysteresis loop and Barkhausen noise of the mild steel sample were experimentally measured by varying the frequency, intensity and waveform using magnetic Barkhausen noise analyser. Sinusoidal and triangular waveform were applied in varying frequency (0.1 Hz to 0.4 Hz) and intensity (250 Oe to 1000 Oe) for hysteresis loop whereas for Barkhausen noise analysis frequency varies from 20 Hz to 50 Hz and intensity varies from 250 Oe to 1000 Oe. Characteristics of hysteresis loop and magnetic Barkhausen noise depends upon magnetizing parameter and waveforms were explained with the help of micro magnetic theory.
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- 2019
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22. Development of hybrid welding processes incorporating GMAW and SMAW
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Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Meghanshu Vashista, Avinash Ravi Raja, Pai Namit Narasimhan, and Shivansh Mehrotra
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Shielding gas ,Metallurgy ,Shielded metal arc welding ,02 engineering and technology ,Welding ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Gas metal arc welding ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Electrode ,Shielding effect ,Slag (welding) ,0210 nano-technology ,Inert gas - Abstract
Present work aims to increase the weld strength by combining Metal Inert Gas Welding (MIG) and Shielded Metal Arc Welding and reduce the dependence on inert gas used in MIG welding by relying on the flux of electrode to provide the shielding effect. It also aims to reduce the HAZ by reducing the melting of base metal, instead filling the grooves by molten mild steel electrode which is used in SMAW. Steel plates (IS-2062 grade) of 6mm thickness were welded in a single pass by placing a mild steel electrode (E6013) between them. The Shielding Gas used was CO2. Pre-weld preparations included making grooves with various included angles and Root gaps. Characterization was done using Optical Microscope. Micro-hardness test was carried out to confirm the above results. As flux of the electrode forms shielding gas and slag on the top of the weld, flow rate of the gas can be reduced to a much lower extent.
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- 2019
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23. Investigation of microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of gas tungsten arc welded dissimilar titanium (CP-Ti/Ti–6Al–4V) alloys
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Adarsh Kumar, Mithlesh Kumar Mahto, Vikram Singh Rana, Meghanshu Vashista, and Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai
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Mechanical Engineering ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Abstract
Economical welding of dissimilar titanium alloys has always been a challenge for the aerospace and nuclear industries, where these alloys are extensively used because of their high strength-to-weight ratio. The present investigation deals with the development of a novel shielding setup for the successful welding of commercially pure titanium (α-phase) to Ti–6Al–4V ((α + β)-phase) without any atmospheric contamination using gas tungsten arc welding. Commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) and Ti–6Al–4V sheets of 3 mm thickness were butt-welded autogenously and using CP-Ti filler metal. Metallographic studies, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, microhardness measurements, tensile testing, and fractography were carried out to understand the evolution of the microstructure and characterize the welds. Grain coarsening in heat-affected zone and weld, and variation in the distribution of phases were observed from the optical micrographs and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy spectrum of different zones. An unsymmetrical variation of hardness was observed in the weld region, and a 15% reduction in hardness value (280 HV0.2) was obtained at the weld center of using filler metal weld than autogenous weld. Comparable strengths with little drop from as-received CP-Ti (307 MPa) were observed for welded specimens. Welds produced using CP-Ti filler metal (272 MPa) had higher strength than autogenous welds (214 MPa). As-received tensile specimens fractured nearly from the center of gauge length, but welded tensile specimens fractured near the base/heat-affected zone boundary of the CP-Ti side.
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- 2022
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24. Synergistic impact of eco-friendly nano-lubricants on the grindability of AISI H13 tool steel: A study towards clean manufacturing
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Akash Subhash Awale, Abhimanyu Chaudhari, Arvind Kumar, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Strategy and Management ,Building and Construction ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2022
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25. Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Zircon Reinforced Copper Based Surface Composite Synthesized by Friction Stir Processing Route
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Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Harikishor Kumar, and Meghanshu Vashista
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010302 applied physics ,Equiaxed crystals ,Toughness ,Friction stir processing ,Materials science ,Composite number ,Delamination ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Indentation hardness ,Copper ,chemistry ,0103 physical sciences ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Although copper has its use in many industrial and functional applications, but its low wear resistance limits its potential application. Hard particulates are generally reinforced in bulk copper to increase its wear resistance but it tend to decrease its toughness. Thus the present research focuses on synthesis of copper based surface composite by friction stir processing. Zircon sand was used as reinforcement in copper as it is hard and fairly inexpensive. To prepare the composites, a groove of defined dimension was machined in the copper plate for compaction of zircon sand (18 vol%) at the centre of the plate. After filling the zircon sand in grooves, friction stir processing technique was employed to reinforce it in copper. For microstructure analysis, XRD, microhardness and wear characterization, specimens were cut from the processed portion of the plate. The micrograph obtained by optical and scanning electron microscope revealed equiaxed and fine grain structure in stir zone with no sign of concentration gradient, aggregation and segregation of particles. XRD pattern revealed no peaks corresponding to intermetallics or interfacial reaction products. The microhardness and wear resistance of fabricated surface composite improved significantly as compared to pure copper. The micrograph of worn surface was also analysed to investigate the predominant wear mechanisms. Adhesion and delamination wear were predominant wear mechanisms in pure copper whereas these wear mechanism was not significant in Cu/Zircon composite.
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- 2018
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26. Stir zone anisotropic work hardening behavior in friction stir processed EN8 medium carbon steel
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Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Viswanath Chinthapenta, Rajnish Mishra, Murshid Imam, and Anwar Ali Anshari
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010302 applied physics ,Austenite ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Work hardening ,Plasticity ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Mechanics of Materials ,Critical resolved shear stress ,Martensite ,Ferrite (iron) ,0103 physical sciences ,Formability ,General Materials Science ,Deformation (engineering) ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The SZ anisotropic work hardening behavior in duplex ferrite-martensite phase (DFM) microstructures has not been investigated yet. It is an important consideration for the selection of the stretch formability direction of the friction stir processed blank used for sheet metal forming applications. The anisotropic work hardening behavior is characterized by using miniature tensile specimens prepared along longitudinal (LD) and transverse (TD) directions. The tribological parameters such as coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate at LE value of 6 are 0.57 and 0.5 × 10 − 10 m 3 / Nm . The effect of surface texture on the work hardening response is observed to be negligible. The plastic anisotropy in terms of three and multi-stage work hardening behaviors is investigated at a linear energy (LE) value of 6. The global true stress-strain responses and fracture surface morphologies suggested that the deformation occurs in different stages. In the initial stage, the deformation is mainly localized in the soft ferrite phase followed by the distinct work hardening stages in the plastic flow curves. In the elastic and elastoplastic region of the flow curve, the soft ferrite phase plastically deformed, followed by stress transfer to the martensite/retained austenite phases in the fully plastic region. The (110) and (111) pole figure suggested that the active in-habit-plane slip system is (110) and [ 1 1 ‾ 1 ] . The strain localizes more in the V19 + V22 block having the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) value of 445.5 MPa. The retained austenite (RA) is having ( − 11 − 1 ) A / / ( 0 − 11 ) F and [ 011 ] A / / [ 111 ] F type Kurdjumov-Sachs (K–S) orientation relationship with the ferrite phase. A BCC {112} -type twinned laths is found to be present within the martensite laths. The recommended stretch formability direction (SFD) should coincide with the longitudinal or processing direction of the friction stir processed blank.
- Published
- 2021
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27. Micro-magnetic characterisation of ground AISI D2 tool steel using hysteresis loop technique
- Author
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Akash Subhash Awale, Atul Kumar Shrivastava, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Abhimanyu Chaudhari, and Meghanshu Vashista
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,engineering.material ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Grinding ,Thermal conductivity ,Machining ,Mechanics of Materials ,Remanence ,Surface grinding ,Tool steel ,Surface roughness ,engineering ,Composite material ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Surface integrity - Abstract
According to tooling industries, grinding is the most effective and economical machining for AISI D2 tool steel owing to its low thermal conductivity. The first objective is to investigate the effect of grinding environments on surface integrity of AISI D2 tool steel. Grinding performance like force ratio and grinding temperature was investigated under wet and dry environments. The second objective is to qualitatively assess the thermal damage of ground surface using non-destructive hysteresis loop (HL) technique. The result shows that higher force ratio and surface roughness were obtained under flood grinding. Maximum thermal damage in terms of drastic variation in microstructure and microhardness were observed under dry grinding owing to serious plastic deformation at higher grinding temperature. HL outcomes like lower average permeability, higher coercivity and remanence were obtained with higher thermal damage on ground surface. Finally, linear correction was obtained between HL outcomes and microhardness of ground samples.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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28. Estimation of material properties using hysteresis loop analysis in friction stir welded steel plate
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Meghanshu Vashista, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Avinash Ravi Raja
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metals and Alloys ,02 engineering and technology ,Welding ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Indentation hardness ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Magnetic field ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Remanence ,Tungsten carbide ,Materials Chemistry ,Friction stir welding ,Waveform ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Material properties - Abstract
Material properties of IS 2062 steel plates after friction stir welding has been characterized by hysteresis loop characteristics at three different frequency range; low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency range. Magnetic field was applied with sinusoidal waveform and triangular waveform over base metal and friction stir welded sample for comparative analysis. Rectangular sample of 3 mm thickness were welded using tungsten carbide tool having 15 mm shoulder diameter at 800 RPM and 150 mm/min welding speed. Micro-hardness testing and metallographic study of welded samples were also performed to study the effect of change in material properties on magnetic response of material. Grain refinement upon friction stir welding changed the microhardness of weld nugget. Depth of penetration of external magnetic field at three different frequencies ranges not only changed the shape of hysteresis loop but also resulted into wide variation in hysteresis loop characteristics such as permeability, remanence, average maximum flux density and core loss.
- Published
- 2020
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29. Material characterization of friction stir welded IS-2062 steel plate by hysteresis loop analysis
- Author
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Sanjay Kumar Gupta, Avinash Ravi Raja, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Metals and Alloys ,Welding ,Coercivity ,Microstructure ,Indentation hardness ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Characterization (materials science) ,law.invention ,Biomaterials ,law ,Friction stir welding ,Composite material - Published
- 2019
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30. Hysteresis loop analysis of gas metal arc welded ferritic stainless steel plate
- Author
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Sanjay Kumar Gupta, Avinash Ravi Raja, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Meghanshu Vashista
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Metals and Alloys ,Welding ,Coercivity ,Indentation hardness ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,Biomaterials ,Metal ,Permeability (earth sciences) ,Remanence ,law ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Composite material - Published
- 2019
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31. Effect of heat input on microstructure and mechanical properties in gas metal arc welding of ferritic stainless steel
- Author
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Avinash Ravi Raja, Meghanshu Vashista, Sanjay Kumar Gupta, and Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai
- Subjects
Austenite ,Work (thermodynamics) ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Metals and Alloys ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Welding ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,Indentation hardness ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Gas metal arc welding ,law.invention ,Biomaterials ,law ,Ultimate tensile strength ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Nichrome ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The variation of heat input on microstructure and mechanical properties in gas metal arc welding of ferritic stainless steel (grade 409 L) using two different austenitic filler wires ER304 L and ER308 L have been discussed in this work. Three different heat input parameters of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 kJ mm−1 are used in this experimental work and the effect of heat input on the properties of weldment were investigated using metallographic study and mechanical testing. Percentage dilution, chromium nickel ratio, microstructure, microhardness and tensile properties were all found to be affected by the heat input. It was observed that welded sample with heat input of 0.4 kJ mm−1 possesses superior mechanical properties irrespective of type of filler wire used. Mechanical properties obtained by using 304 L filler wire were found to be better than those obtained using 308 L filler wire, irrespective of heat input provided during welding.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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32. Effect of magnetizing field strength and magnetizing frequency on hysteresis loop shape and its characteristics
- Author
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Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai and Meghanshu Vashista
- Subjects
Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,Magnetization ,Hysteresis ,Materials science ,Ferromagnetism ,Magnetic domain ,Condensed matter physics ,Permeability (electromagnetism) ,Field strength ,Coercivity ,Magnetic field - Abstract
Application of external magnetic field over a ferromagnetic material results in change in its global magnetization. Change in global magnetization occurs due to motion of magnetic domain walls to align themselves in the direction of applied magnetic field. The motion of magnetic domain wall generates hysteresis loop consisting of magnetizing curve and de-magnetizing curve. Hysteresis loop is generally characterized by its characteristics such as remnance, coercivity and permeability. In the present study, hysteresis loops were obtained from Ni based sample at different magnetizing field intensity and magnetizing frequency. Hysteresis loops were clubbed together to study the changes in shape owing to variation in magnetizing field strength and magnetizing frequencies. Changes in applied magnetic field strength and magnetizing frequencies affect the process of change in global magnetization process of material. Variation in hysteresis loop shape and its characteristics such as coercivity, remnance and permeability clearly reflects effect of magnetizing field intensity and frequency. A good correlation was obtained between analysis parameters such as magnetizing field intensity and magnetizing frequency with coercivity, permeability and remnance.
- Published
- 2018
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33. Micro-magnetic response of friction stir welded steel plate at various magnetising frequency and magnetic field intensity
- Author
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Meghanshu Vashista, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, and Avinash Ravi Raja
- Subjects
Materials science ,02 engineering and technology ,Welding ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Signal ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Magnetic field ,Root mean square ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry ,Tungsten carbide ,law ,symbols ,Friction stir welding ,General Materials Science ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Barkhausen effect ,Excitation - Abstract
The research goal of present experimental work was to analyse the variation in magnetic response (at different magnetising frequency and magnetic field intensity) of IS-2062 steel of grade B upon friction stir welding (FSW). Tungsten carbide tool having 15 mm shoulder diameter was used to weld the steel plates having 3 mm thickness with welding speed of 150 mm per minute and revolving speed of 800 revolutions per minute. Welded steel plates were characterised using Barkhausen Noise analyser. Magnetic response of material, before welding and after welding was recorded in terms of Barkhausen Noise signal parameters that are root mean square (rms) value of signal and number of pulses. Both the signal parameters was observed to correlate well with grain refinement and changes in micro-hardness upon FSW of steel at different analysis parameters such as magnetic field intensity and excitation frequency.
- Published
- 2018
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34. Barkhausen noise signal analysis of heat treated samples at various magnetising frequencies
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Harikishor Kumar, Meghanshu Vashista, Ashish Kumar Srivastava, and Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai
- Subjects
Signal processing ,Materials science ,Noise (signal processing) ,Mechanical Engineering ,Acoustics ,010102 general mathematics ,Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks ,01 natural sciences ,Signal ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,law.invention ,Root mean square ,symbols.namesake ,Domain wall (magnetism) ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Condensed Matter::Statistical Mechanics ,symbols ,Eddy current ,Barkhausen stability criterion ,0101 mathematics ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Barkhausen effect - Abstract
Signal processing of magnetic Barkhausen noise was performed to reveal the useful information content of the signal which would otherwise difficult due to stochastic nature of the signal. Magnetic Barkhausen noise signal was measured from different heat treated steel samples which were further processed to investigate the effect of heat treatment on Barkhausen noise signal. The dependence of Barkhausen signal upon magnetising frequency was also discussed in terms of RMS value of Barkhausen noise envelope. Variation in the RMS value of the Barkahusen noise profile with magnetising frequency and mechanical properties was explained using micromagnetic theory. The present study shows that magnetic Barkhausen noise signal depends upon mechanical properties as well as on magnetising frequency which needs to be optimised in order to use magnetic Barkhausen noise as a characterisation tool.
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- 2018
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35. On the role of magnetising frequency and magnetic field intensity on hysteresis loop characteristics
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Harikishor Kumar, Meghanshu Vashista, Ashish Kumar Srivastava, and Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai
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Power loss ,Materials science ,Carbon steel ,Field strength ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Coercivity ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Indentation hardness ,Magnetic field ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Permeability (electromagnetism) ,Remanence ,engineering ,General Materials Science ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The goal of present research work is to study the variation in the shape of hysteresis loop owing to change in the analysis parameter i.e., magnetising frequency and applied magnetic field strength upon pack carburised low carbon steel samples. Pack carburised heat treatment performed at three different temperatures to induce varying hardness into steel samples. Hysteresis loop characteristics such as coercivity, permeability, power loss and remanence were measured in a wide range of magnetising frequency and magnetic field intensity. Coercivity is observed to increase with increase in magnetising frequency and applied field strength. In low-frequency range ( 1 Hz) results into increase in remanence and power loss. However, with an increase in magnetic field strength both remanence and power loss were found to increase.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Effect of heat input on microstructure and mechanical properties in gas metal arc welding of ferritic stainless steel.
- Author
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Sanjay Kumar Gupta, Avinash Ravi Raja, Meghanshu Vashista, and Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Effect of magnetizing field strength and magnetizing frequency on hysteresis loop shape and its characteristics.
- Author
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M. Vashista and Mohd. Zaheer Khan Yusufzai
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. On the role of magnetic field intensity for better micro-structural characterization during Barkhausen Noise analysis.
- Author
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Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai and M. Vashista
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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