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The requirement from IMO regarding an environment-friendly approach has prompted ship owners and shipbuilders to make sure their vessels complying the regulations. Green shipyards, incorporating best practices and technology, can reduce th polution generated during vessel construction. This paper investigates the current trends of green shipbuilding and proposes potential practices of green shipyard. A systematic review was conducted using publication databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, and Taylor & Francis from 2010 to 2022. It can be concluded that most of the studies have been discussing the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies to be implemented in the shipyard where 16 potential practices and technology-based in the green shipyard were figured out. This study also found that automation is the most discussed topic in I4.0 technologies followed by an alternative fuel (LNG/LPG fuelled engine) and 3D printing and design. Furthermore, the study on green shipbuilding attracted the attention of China and Spain as these countries have published most papers. This study will help Malaysian shipbuilders and stakeholders to have a better view regarding the green shipyard concept and related practices and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seaports face significant environmental challenges in their role as hubs for logistics activities, particularly since ships are significant contributors to energy consumption, global warming and air and marine pollution. The environmental pressures facing ports has led to the emergence of the green port concept. Port Klang is the largest port in Malaysia, characterised not only by significant container throughput, but also by significant congestion issues, emissions and pollution. These characteristics led to the selection of Port Klang, the nation's major seaport, as a case study for this analysis of the variables most relevant in the effective implementation of the green port concept and subsequent research into how this green seaport concept influences a seaport's future competitiveness. To achieve these aims, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been employed. The findings of the analysis suggest that environmental quality, the use of energy and resources, waste handling and habitat quality and greenery are the critical influential factors required for establishing green port hub status and that then port competitiveness is most significantly affected by green operations, sustainable equipment, resources management and cost efficiency at seaports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seaports enable national and international trade in nearly every country around the globe. The new digital world has led most seaport sectors to fully embrace new technologies and tools to better compete with other seaports. Moreover, such maritime activities have potentially significant effects on regional development. The east coast region in Peninsular Malaysia is less developed than the west coast region. It has caused a significant regional development gap, particularly in infrastructure quality, community services, production volume diversification, job opportunities and rising average wealth. Firstly, this study assesses how economic activities affect regional development in Peninsular Malaysia. Secondly, this study aims to identify the challenges and strategies for resolving the regional development imbalance in Peninsular Malaysia. A semi-structured face-to-face interview with fifteen maritime experts was adopted to achieve the proposed objectives. Interview outcomes helped identify and resolve significant problems and create strategies to facilitate the regional development of Malaysian seaports. IR 4.0: These novel strategies may lead to digitalisation in decision-making methods concerning regional development in the Malaysian seaport sector. Integrating four approaches could increase the regional development progress and facilitate continuous growth for the Malaysian seaport industry. The new findings recommend Malaysian seaport digitalisation through progressive regional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aids to navigation (AtoNs) or navigational aids (NAVAIDs) play an integral part in ensuring navigational safety. AtoNs can be classified as a device, system, or service that improves the safety and efficiency of individual vessels and/or the navigation of vessel traffic. Although many studies have been published on AtoNs, navigational safety is critical for the transportation of people and goods. For inland waters, there appears to be a lack of assessments on AtoNs in lakes, rivers, and rural waterways. Therefore, this study applied the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement on major databases; such as Scopus and Web of Science; to examine the development of AtoNs. Our findings indicate that a significant number of studies focus primarily on marine AtoNs rather than AtoNs for inland waters because international regulations do not apply to inland waters. We also found that marine AtoN development is headed towards virtual and electronic AtoNs (eAtoNs) to replace the more traditional physical devices. As such, our review could enable authorities, industrial investors, and shipping companies better comprehend the future of AtoNs. This will help them ensure navigational safety not only at sea but in coastal and inland areas as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 has been emerged and widely implemented in manufacturing sectors; however, the adaptation of this recent paradigm remains indefinite in the seaport system and makes the performance of each seaport around the globe non-parallel, limiting the trade effectiveness and decelerating the competitiveness, which eventually affects the price of the cargo. Consequently, this paper aims to determine the current status of IR 4.0 implementation in the seaport sector and to categorise the most critical sustainable factors (CSFs). To meet the aim of this paper, a bibliometric analysis from two major databases, Scopus and Web of Sciences, has been utilised. The result indicates that there are four stages that need to be considered for the implementation of IR 4.0 in the seaport industry: adoption, implementation, operational and evaluation. Currently, IR 4.0 in the expanding phase was applied at the stage of adoption. The outcome of this paper can be used as a benchmark to explore, analyse and vindicate the significant variables for the implementation of the fourth industrial revolution in the seaport sector especially from the Malaysian outlook. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in supply chain are critical for Malaysia's inclusion in the competitiveness in this era of globalisation. One of the prevalent infrastructure developments is the addition of dry ports in remote areas, targeted to enhance the hubs and connection with significant seaports worldwide. However, the regional development especially on the east-coast of Peninsular Malaysia is trailing behind in terms of quality infrastructure, employability, job growth and quality of life. Economic development must be balanced on both the east-coast and west-coast to ensure this region progresses in the right direction towards economic equality. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyse the potential contributions of enhancing regional development in Peninsular Malaysia. A comprehensive assessment of the existing literature on Malaysian dry ports developments and components concerning the regional development has been conducted. The nexus between dry ports and regional development is then illustrated in a conceptual framework. The framework indicates that dry ports provide long-term and short-term benefits from the regional development perspective. In the short run, dry ports enhance seaport accessibility, boost production volume, increase the employment rate, and attract more investment. These findings will become the benchmark for future research and significant policy-making approaches to enhance regional development in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fatigue is a constant risk impacting the seafaring ability regardless of existing skills, knowledge or received training regarding safety in the shipping industry. A seafarer typically loses focus on personal duties when experiencing high fatigue levels, which results in unproductive distractions. The current study provided an overview of the factors contributing to seafarer fatigue while developing an alternative framework by applying the job demands-resources (JD-R) theory with occupational stress and job performance as the mediators. Purposive sampling was performed to recruit respondents, with a total of 250 valid responses collected via an online questionnaire. Subsequently, structural equation modelling was conducted via the SmartPLS software, which discovered that all direct and mediation hypotheses were supported. Hence, the findings could serve as a reference for seafarers and shipping companies to reflect on the present working practices based on job demands and resources. The results would not only be beneficial to academics but also could practically ensure the sustainability of the maritime industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]