Search

Despite the shift towards democracy and political reform throughout the Middle East, this movement failed to make any political gains for several factors. In Jordan, the weaknesses of the political parties and their tribalized activities are viewed as primary reasons why the democratic reforms in Jordan failed to come to fruition. This study aims to address this issue, specifically the role of political parties in democracy practice in Jordan, the weaknesses of the political parties, the effect of tribalism on the political process, and the factors that hinder the democratization process in Jordan. A total of 380 Jordanian partisans took part in a survey questionnaire that was distributed in Jordan. The participants’ responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the results revealed that political participation in Jordan is marred by tribal and authoritarian tendencies. Tribalism has a great influence on the parties’ activities and elections. These results lend important insights into the factors that hinder democratization process in Jordan in the light of the Arab Spring and current democratic revolutions demanding political reforms in the Middle East.

The dynamic characteristics of social media provide a vast space for society to obtain useful information including political information. This advancement of information dissemination must be benefited by every layer of society including the youth to increase their participation in issues regarding national politics. This research explores the significant factors affecting political information-seeking behavior among youths in Malaysia. The approach of this research is the survey through a questionnaire. Using multi-stage sampling, 381 respondents from selected public universities in Malaysia were identified as a sample. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Efficacy, knowledge, and usefulness of social media affected political information-seeking behavior. Meanwhile, Policy satisfaction and motivation do not affect political information-seeking behavior Thus, political information seeking is seen as more influential towards political behavior with the existence of political information sharing among Malaysia's youth who use social media. The overall results of the study indicate the potential of social media as the main source and medium for Malaysian youths to obtain political information.

This article focuses on dimensions of national ethos among educated youths in Malaysia by developing a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model. The main objective is to evaluate national ethos dimensions and develop a CFA model of the national ethos formation. These objectives are achieved by applying four main dimensions to confirm the formation of national ethos: values, feelings and spirit, beliefs and identity dimensions. The study was conducted using a quantitative approach through survey techniques involving 431 students of Universiti Putra Malaysia, comprising 241 Malay and 190 Chinese youth groups. The data analysis used the SEM-AMOS approach to develop a CFA model of the national ethos. The results confirm national ethos of educated youth is formed through the four main dimensions measured. The CFA model has achieved a good level of compatibility based on the set indicators (CMIN = 600.947, DF = 115, CMIN / DF = 5.226, p = 0.000, SRMR = 0.0937, RMSEA = 0.099, CFI = 0.927 and PNFI = 0.771). This study implies a CFA model as a new approach in national ethos formation among educated youths in Malaysia. A future evaluation of a non-educated youth group should also be implemented to assure that this model becomes a holistic model.

This article focuses on the nation-building among youths in Malaysia through civic education. Today's youths are exposed to various social challenges, including domestic and global intimidations, and they are easily involved in social problems and immoral activities. Moreover, some of the youths are seen as close-minded, lack respect for the elders and intolerant in their daily life which may affect inter-ethnic relations in a multiethnic society. It is crucial to foster the youths to ensure a better development of the country. The government has implemented civic education approach in educating the youths to foster a strong patriotism and nationalism, and strengthen their loyalty towards the country. The purpose of this study is to provide insights into the implementation of civic education approach cultivating civic consciousness among the Malaysian youth groups. This study employed quantitative approach through a survey technique by using questionnaires distributed to 431 Malaysian youths from Universiti Putra Malaysia (i.e 241 Malay and 190 Chinese students). Descriptive analysis was implemented to compare and contrast the intensity of civic education based on three dimensions, namely civic knowledge, civic skills and civic disposition. The findings show that the Malay and Chinese respondents have high levels of civic education and high civic consciousness as to understand the importance of living in a multiethnic society. The positive integration among the Malays and Chinese will strengthen a sense of belonging among the Malaysian youths. This study concludes that civic education in this country is important as the foundation for unity and the construction of a dreamed nation-state. Keywords: Civic education, civic education approach, nation-building, youths, youth groups in Malaysia Cite as: Ismail, M. M., Othman, Z., Hassan, N. A., Abdullah, N. H., Abdullah, A., & Mohamad Zan, U. M. S. (2019). Nation-building among youths in Malaysia: The civic education approach. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 390-409. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp390-409

HDC mensasarkan sebanyak 50,000 syarikat akan berjaya memperolehi pensijilan halal pada tahun 2030. Namun pada masa kini, HDC berdepan dengan cabaran apabila masih banyak syarikat belum mendapat pensijilan halal. Perkembangan ini menunjukkan keperluan strategi yang boleh dijalankan untuk meningkatkan kemahiran sumber manusia dalam pembangunan industri halal Malaysia. Oleh demikian, kajian ini dilaksanakan melalui kaedah kualitatif melalui temu bual dan kajian kepustakaan untuk mengkaji peranan pendidikan dan latihan dalam meningkatkan kemahiran sumber manusia dalam pembangunan industri Halal Malaysia. Temu bual dijalankan dengan Bahagian Hab Halal Jabatan Agama Islam Malaysia dan HDC. Hasil temu bual disokong dengan kajian kepustakaan iaitu menganalisis buku, artikel jurnal akademik, kertas kerja, laman web, statistik, dokumen, dan keratan akhbar. Hasil kajian mendapati Bahagian Hab Halal JAKIM dan HDC memainkan peranan dengan memberi pendidikan dan latihan dalam meningkatkan kemahiran sumber manusia agar pemain-pemain industri halal seperti syarikat-syarikat, agensi-agensi kerajaan, dan pengguna yang terlibat dalam industri halal dapat meningkatkan lagi pengetahuan, prestasi dan kualiti produk halal seperti pemasaran, kreativiti, dan pembungkusan produk. Aspek pendidikan dan latihan yang telah diusahakan dalam membangunkan industri halal Malaysia dilihat dapat membantu meningkatkan kemahiran sumber manusia dalam pembangunan halal dan pengurusan sumber-sumber pengeluaran produk dan perkhidmatan halal dengan lebih baik.

In today’s modern world, political knowledge is not only conveyed or sought through traditional methods such as political rallies but also via social media such as Facebook, YouTube and Twitter. The search for political information through social media has now become a global phenomenon. In recent years, the use of social media among youths in Malaysia has increased significantly. It is, thus, prudent to explore the use of social media platforms amongst youths in Malaysian. Therefore, this paper offers a review of studies on youth participation in politics via social media, particularly in the Malaysian context. The paper provides an overview of how Malaysian youths seek political information through social media and reviews recent information related to online resources in the political context. It was envisaged that this paper could advance our understanding of the trend and level of youth participation in politics via social media, particularly in Malaysia. Additionally, this review could provide useful information on the online dissemination and consumption of political information.

Pilihan raya adalah medan penyampaian maklumat atau membangkitkan isu yang boleh digunakan oleh parti politik yang bertanding dalam pilihan raya. Dalam proses menyakinkan pengundi, parti politk dan calon akan menggunakan pelbagai strategi yang boleh menarik minat pengundi supaya mengundi mereka. Isu yang dekat dihati dan diterima oleh pengundi akan mendorong mereka memilih atau menolak calon yang bertanding. Isu-isu dalam suatu pilihan raya sangat penting untuk diurus dan dimanipulasi oleh parti politik. Penerimaan pengundi terhadap suatu isu akan membuka peluang kepada calon yang bertanding untuk menang. Kajian ini menganlisis isu-isu yang digunakan oleh parti politik bagi meraih sokongan pengundi Melayu di pinggir bandar. Isu Melayu-Islam, ekonomi, 1MDB, dan kedaulatan raja-raja antara isu yang penting bagi pengundi Melayu. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti tahap kedudukan penerimaan isu Melayu-Islam dalam kalangan pengundi Melayu. Seterusnya kajian ini menganalisis penerimaan isu berasaskan umur, taraf pendidikan dan perolehan pendapatan dengan menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif. Responden kajian ini terdiri daripada pengundi Melayu di Dewan Undangan Negeri Semenyih yang dipilih secara rawak mudah. Dapatan yang diperolehi melalui kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa isu-isu Melayu-Islam secara dasarnya menarik minat pengundi Melayu dalam sesuatu kempen pilihan raya. Bagaimanapun tahap penerimaan tersebut adalah berasaskan kepada pemboleh ubah seperti umur, tahap pendidikan dan juga ekonomi seseorang. Sudut pandang berbeza berasaskan latar belakang individu akan mengubah kedudukan tahap penerimaan suatu isu dalam kempen pilihan raya.

This paper discusses the implementation strategy to achieve harmony between ethnic groups among the Malaysian youths. The study focuses on Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) students who have joined the National Service Training Program (PLKN). PLKN is a national agenda which aims to train the young people to be an excellent future generation, especially in the context of multiethnic Malaysians. The main goal of PLKN's implementation is; (i) to enhance the spirit of patriotism and love the nation among the younger generation; (ii) to foster national unity and national integration; (iii) to develop positive character through the application of good values; (iv) to promote the spirit of volunteerism among the youth; and (v) to produce a young generation with strong physical and mental as well as high self esteem. There are 207 respondents participated in this study which is comprising of Malay and Chinese youths. The findings show that almost all measured dimensions are at a high level of intensity. The intensity of the Malay youths was higher than the Chinese youths. In general, the implementation of PLKN is the best strategy in establishing harmony among ethnic groups, especially among youths who are the future generation of the nation. However, the national service program has been abolished after the conversion of the federal government in the 14th General Election.

Background: Business network is a social capital component that is owned and shared with the business community members. This network is examined through relationships and engagements between families and members of the business community as well as outside the community. Business networking and community collaboration are seen in the business community engagement with activities carried out and engagement in organizations that benefit the community. Business networks help to improve the efficiency of the business community by facilitating coordination and actions for mutual benefits as well as impacts on the business community. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the dimensions of business networking used by the business community from various ethnic groups as well as to examine the impacts of business networking on the social cohesion in Malaysia. Results: The social relationship and trust among the business community are the dimensions and indicators in identifying the social capital in the business networking. There is a significant relationship between the business network and the social cohesion among the Malay, Chinese, Indian and Bumiputera respondents. The business networking did affect the respondents? social cohesion in Malaysia. Conclusion: The dimensions of business networking in the social capital have helped Malaysian business community to remain their social cohesiveness with the support from government agencies in terms of marketing products and capital. Thus, the impacts of business networking on the social cohesion in Malaysia are positive and significant.

In Malaysia, the opportunity to acquire for education and training are widely open to all individuals, regardless of their ethnics and demographic backgrounds. As a civilized society, it is a collected responsibility to ensure there is no one among the young people generation who are left behind to enjoy the country’s prosperity and grab the opportunities arising in the era of globalization together. In fact, teenagers or young generation who are considered at risk should not be regarded as a problem to society or the state. We have accepted that every individual has the potential to be highlighted and shared if they are given a meaningful chance and opportunity. The study on “At-risk Generation Z: Values, talents and life challenges in the 21st century and the future” attempts to discuss the growth of changing in the state and society, particularly in the economic, political and social development based on the context of globalization and cyber world today also their impact on the at-risk Generation Z. The main research problem of this study is related to the current debate about the Generation Z and the question of their identity, values, potential and talents. What are the identity and values of the at-risk Generation Z, how to develop their potential and talents in order encourage them towards creating an innovative idea, and thus how they can utilize their potentials and talents in confronting the challenges in the future along the mainstream youth. This situation is equivalent with the objectives of National Youth Policy which aims to highlight the potential of each youth to celebrate diversity and differences. The study will also try to get the reaction and views from Generation Z about their expectations and life challenges they faced at present time and in the future. The data collection process using mixed method combining the quantitative and qualitative methods. This study involves 400 respondents among at-risk Generation Z who have been identified and engaged in deviant behavior and family in poverty. With education and training opportunities, exposure to new experiences along with the aspiration to change, can certainly be a driving force to the at-risk Generation Z to learn, recognize their potential, nurture their talent, and increase the capacity and resilience to the current social change.

Makalah ini membincangkan tentang persepsi golongan belia terhadap ‘Malaysia Baharu’ dalam kerangka pembangunan komuniti di Semenanjung Malaysia. Istilah Malaysia Baharu popular digunakan selepas berlakunya pertukaran kerajaan pada pilihan raya umum ke-14 daripada parti Barisan Nasional yang mendominasi pemerintahan negara sejak merdeka kepada kerajaan baru yang diterajui oleh Pakatan Harapan. Malaysia yang dikatakan melalui fasa baru dijangka mengalami perubahan dari segenap aspek kehidupan politik, ekonomi dan sosiobudaya ke arah yang lebih baik. Dari itu, satu kajian telah dijalankan dalam kalangan belia khususnya mahasiswa universiti awam di Semenanjung Malaysia. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti persepsi mereka terhadap perkembangan semasa yang berlaku dalam negara ini. Kajian telah menggunakan gabungan dua pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Untuk pendekatan kualitatif, teknik NGT (Teknik Berkumpulan Nominal) dan FGD (Perbincangan Kumpulan Berfokus) telah dilaksanakan, manakala bagi pendekatan kuantitatif pula teknik survey menggunakan borang soal selidik. Borang soal selidik telah diedarkan kepada 800 orang responden belia pelbagai etnik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan wujud variasi persepsi responden berdasarkan etnik terhadap Malaysia Baharu dalam perkara-perkara yang melibatkan pembangunan komuniti. Golongan belia etnik Melayu dilihat lebih objektif dalam mengemukakan pandangan mereka manakala golongan belia etnik Cina dan India pula dilihat lebih positif dalam menunjukkan sokongan mereka terhadap era pemerintahan Malaysia Baharu ini. Hasil kajian ini juga memberikan suatu gambaran terkini terhadap perkembangan semasa yang berlaku walaupun Malaysia Baharu itu baru sahaja berusia setahun jagung.

Artikel ini membincangkan tentang konsep kesepaduan sosial, kejiranan dan rukun tetangga dan selanjutnya mengupas peranan penting kawasan kejiranan Rukun Tetangga sebagai lokasi yang dapat mewujudkan kesepaduan sosial dalam kalangan masyarakat di Malaysia. Realiti masyarakat di Malaysia adalah terdiri daripada pelbagai etnik terutama di kawasan bandar. Pembentukan komuniti di kawasan bandar adalah berkait rapat dengan pemodenan. Pemodenan telah membawa perubahan dalam pelbagai aspek kehidupan termasuklah pembentukan masyarakat dan komuniti. Walau bagaimanapun, dalam mendepani pembentukan dan pembinaan komuniti melalui perubahan yang berlaku dari segi sosial dan ekonomi terutamanya dengan perkembangan teknologi dan penemuan internet, ia mewujudkan pelbagai bentuk komuniti dalam komuniti itu sendiri. Kajian yang mendalam seharusnya dilakukan untuk melihat impak bentuk-bentuk komuniti kepada kesepaduan sosial. Keadaan ini jelas, iaitu bentuk-bentuk komuniti yang pelbagai telah mempengaruhi kesepaduan sosial dalam masyarakat.

Conformal radiotherapy for rectal cancer is associated with small bowel toxicity mainly diarrhea. Treating patients with a full bladder is one of the practical solutions to reduce small bowel toxicity. Previous studies on prostate and cervix cancer patients revealed that maintaining consistent bladder volume throughout radiotherapy treatment is challenging. The aim of this study was to measure bladder volume variation throughout radiotherapy treatment. This study also measured the association between bladder volume changes and diarrhea. Twenty two rectal cancer patients were recruited prospectively. Patients were planned for treatment with full bladder following departmental bladder filling protocol and the planning bladder volume was measured during CT-simulation. During radiotherapy, the bladder volume was measured weekly using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and compared to planning bladder volume. Incidence and severity of diarrhea were recorded during the weekly patient review. There was a negative time trend for bladder volume throughout five weeks treatment. The mean bladder volume decreased 18 % from 123 mL (SD 54 mL) during CT-simulation to 101 mL (SD 71 mL) on the 5th week of radiotherapy, but the decrease is not statistically significant. However, there was a large variation of bladder volume within each patient during treatment. This study showed an association between changes of bladder volume and diarrhea (P = 0.045). In conclusion bladder volume reduced throughout radiotherapy treatment for conformal radiotherapy for rectal cancer and there was a large variation of bladder volume within patients.