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Scheduling system is developed based on customers, individuals or organizational preferences in order to create an efficient and effective management of arrangement in prioritization, tasks, place and time. Some of scheduling systems will integrate a database for effective access of editing, viewing and recording amount of data. However, poor scheduling practices would cause undesirable time redundancy and inefficient process just to schedule a timetable for the lecturers and students. Poor scheduling also can cause a misunderstanding between lectures such as double-assignations of lectures, cancellations of presentations, clash in class schedule, prolonged postponement as well as inefficiency in terms of resources and time. A good scheduling system could generate optimal presentation of timetables and enable a direct interaction between lecturers and administration staff that will take into account all the constraints such as to check availability of time and place of events and real-time updates that will help data handling accuracy, cost effective and efficient time management. Therefore, this study will make a comparison and execute a standard process of scheduling framework for future practice in academic industry. This paper presents a practical method for making a comparison based on the studies on existing scheduling system.

Virtual Reality (VR) technology has become cheaper over time and makes it possible to own. However, interaction techniques in VR need to be natural as possible to be accepted by users. Compared to other computing devices (e.g., mobile and desktop), there is very few human-computer interactions (HCI) paradigms in VR and a lot of HCI issues and problems are yet to be solved. In this paper, we present a VR Welding Kit, a virtual reality welding training simulation developed for mobile smartphones using multiple marker images as an interaction method. The experimental results have revealed with comparison benchmark with high-end VR device, Oculus Quest to see the efficiency of multiple marker interaction with a current VR technology device. System Usability Scales (SUS) also used to see the acceptance between users with this new interaction. This is the first evaluation of combination VR with marker-based tracking method interaction. Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) are used to check the cybersickness between participants toward multiple marker interaction. The results on performance shows that mobile VR have a large gap completion compared with Oculus Quest. The SUS score is 73.33, above 68 which is great. SSQ surveys result shows that participant almost feels none in simulation sickness.

Image based target used in augmented reality application is not the same as traditional fiducial markers, data markers code and QR-codes in detection and tracking. The available features from the image detected and tracked are naturally found in the image itself. Image target commonly used in recognizing and augmented hard copy media and product for marketing campaigns, gaming, and visualizing products in the environment where the product was targeted to be used. HOwever, for mobile-based augmented reality application, image features detection and tracking still expose many challenges. This paper aims to review previous and current keypoint detection and tracking techniques for image target and address several issues face in mobile based augmented reality application. Most traditional interest-point detection and description methods are handcrafted. These methods focus on interest points in a generic setting and lack provision to adapt toward a specific dataset. Learning-based approaches can be a new solution to real-time application such mobile-based application. This project continuity work from our previous work done for mobile-based augmented reality coloring application [1].

Coloring activity with pens and paper is a natural activity and an important experience for children to practice and express their creative skills. To gain interest and attention of kids making these creative activities are the main challenge faced by teachers and parents. By developing augmented reality coloring to solve this problem require us to design a mobile application with suitable coloring book contents designed suit for kids. This work aims to provide guidelines developing interactive coloring book with augmented reality for kids that integrate with our previous technique. Wonderful Augmented Reality and Arts (wARna) is our previous fast texturing technique as the main core of the framework application that interactively play colored 2D coloring book page by visualizing it in 3D on a user's view of the real world. This work proposed a framework with suitable specification in creation of content so it reusable to create new coloring content that integrated with a mobile application and highlighting issues that need to be solved.

A body measurement technique for virtual apparel by using angle-based algorithm is presented. The existing virtual apparel or virtual fitting room system only focus on normal-sized human body. This paper proposes a technique that will allow the system to measure accurately and dynamically, to be used by users with various body sizes, using a depth motion sensor. This paper will also discusses about the data from the depth motion sensor, and how the data is processed using the proposed angle-based algorithm and ellipse perimeter equation. Experiments from this study have shown that the system can measure various human body size and the calculated measurement using the technique is almost the same as the actual measurement of the user's body. Potential application of this technique and future plan are also discussed.

The advancement of augmented reality (AR) and holographic display technologies have a great potential to support and improve teaching and learning process, because the 3D images give new perspectives to the students to understand certain topic easily and intuitively. In this paper, an Interactive Holographic Display is introduced, which is aimed to ease the teachers to deliver the knowledge to the students as well as to provide self-learning for the students. This proposed solution is implemented using the AR tracking technique and fused with 3D holographic pyramid display. This makes the virtual objects can display in thin air like a real object and makes the holographic effect more realistic and interactive, as the user can interact with the virtual objects using an image target. This paper explains how the system is physically realized in term of hardware configuration and software design.

This paper presents an improved seed point placement to locate initial seed points based on magnitude value. The vector field is separated in to grid to ensure the uniformity in generating streamlines and broader streamlines coverage, thus reducing poor visualization information especially near to visualization boundary. An evaluation using Mean Square Error is conducted to evaluate the improvement in term of streamlines placement uniformity. Result shows that proposed method able to come out with lower Mean Square Error value compared to evenly-spaced in across different separation distance, resulting better streamlines control to produce uniform visualization result. Finally, the proposed method can be improved in many aspects to come out with a better visualization result in 2 and possibly 3 dimension flow visualization.

The use of scientific visualization technique in real-time rendering environment has great potential to enhance user interaction in visualizing blood flow; therefore the integration algorithm of chosen scientific visualization technique and real-time algorithm should be developed and implemented in virtual environment. It is a basic fact that the effectiveness of blood flow visualization are reliant on two fundamental issues. First is how to present an improved visualization of cardiovascular flow, and the second is how to interactively visualize the fluidic blood flow in gaining insight into the cardiovascular physiology. This research proposed a framework on based on idea from previous research that improve visualization of blood flow by integrates with particle based simulation method in order to allow more user interaction. Despite the variety and number of existing method, there are still demands for new improved visualization technique with a mission to provide better information. Good understanding on blood flow pattern will aid clinician, engineer and researcher during the diagnosis and prognosis of pathology as well as the assessment of risk and follow-up finding.

Heart Care Augmented Reality Mobile Simulation (heARt) is an edutainment mobile based application that will helps in gaining such awareness of maintaining a healthy heart among the society. This application are augmented reality application that will combined both reality world and virtual reality world in order to give the users an interactive content of information. This application are developed to replace a traditional pamphlets or brochures that have no interactive content within it. HeARt, allows users to interact with the information that presented virtually on their phone screen. This kind of features are believed to be a lot more interesting in contrast with traditional brochures and pamphlets.

This chapter provides a review on fluid simulation methods that involved in blood flow simulation. Fundamental of fluid simulation methods are described briefly. The primary factors describing the popular techniques are analyzed in detail and the advantage and disadvantage are also been reported. The aim of this chapter is to categorize methodologically all the current methods used in real-time blood flow simulation. Despite the variety and number of existing methods, there are still demands for new simulation technique with a mission to provide better information. Good visual understanding about blood flow will aid clinician, engineer and researcher during the diagnosis and prognosis in clinical pathology as well as the assessment of risk and follow-up findings with blood flow related diseases.

International audience; Previously, crowd simulation plays small part or probably ignored in virtual heritage. Architectures or artifacts bit more focused to be reconstructed into virtual environment. By inserting crowd into simulation of virtual heritage, it will give more impact and achieve higher realism level to the reconstructed site. Before inserting the crowd into virtual environment, a research needs to be done to manage the complex environment of virtual heritage and the crowd itself. This paper presents a framework with a vision to reduce the computation cost for rendering crowd simulation in virtual heritage environment while maintaining realisms of the scene. We first review the existing acceleration techniques applied on crowd rendering. Then we introduce a framework that will integrate acceleration techniques for crowd simulation in virtual heritage.

Hardware occlusion queries is a method by which graphic processing unit (GPU) can gives fast response to the visibility status of a geometry object in virtual environment. Increasing number of issued queries lead to stall in CPU and starvation in GPU. However, hardware occlusion queries have improved by exploiting temporal coherence (TC). TC is proven improved hardware occlusion queries based on previous research. In driving simulation as car or camera move fast, more and more objects in scene become less significant to be rendered. Implementation of TC on driving simulation need be redesigned so allow TC suitable to faster movement. Intent of this paper is to describe how automatic parameters adaptation in temporal coherence is applied to driving simulation environment. Automatic parameters adaptation manipulated when the car or camera movement become more faster to maintain interactively rendering process and maintain realisms of complex virtual environment.

This paper explains a study on natural interaction (NI) in human body motion using depth image data. It involves about overview of NI and depth image data. Human body motion is a non-verbal part for interaction or movement that can be used to involves real world and virtual world. Furthermore, interaction with computer or machine can be more realistic as real world and becoming more important to academic researchers, game industries, and can be adapt to other field like mechanical engineering for robotics movement and surgery purpose in medical area. Functional taxonomies will show step-by-step how human body motion were detected and created a skeleton joint. Also, we discuss about technologies behind Kinect for Xbox 360 (Kinect). Recent research in this area also included.