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In this paper, the Burgers’ equations using the fractional derivative of Atangana-Baleanu sense are investigated and discussed. A Laplace variational iteration approach is used to demonstrate the fractional model's mathematical solution. The solution's existence and uniqueness are examined using fixed point theory. Several numerical simulations that enhance the efficacy of the employed derivative are presented and discussed.

Abstract Background The inferior turbinate is located in the inferior part of the nose, and contribute to the nasal valve formation. Inferior turbinate hypertrophy causes chronic nasal obstruction. Aim We aimed to assess the effectiveness of coblation-assisted reduction of the inferior turbinate hypertrophy using a specially designed coblator probe. Additionally, this study aimed to compare this technique with traditional surgical partial turbinectomy as the control arm and follow up with patients to identify potential complications. Methods This study involved 40 patients with nasal obstruction, those patients attended the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Al Azhar University Hospital in Assiut and diagnosed with enlarged inferior turbinate that did not respond to medical treatment. Also, Pre- and post-operative CT scanning was performed to objectively evaluate the improvement. Results Coblation group has more advantages over the traditional group like less operative time, less intraoperative blood loss, less post-op pain, less post-op nasal crusts, early return to daily activity (P value

Cancer is one of the most common diseases around the world, which is difficult to treat due to the versatility and adaptability of cancer cells for facing normal cell death and the invisibility of the immune system. Many types of treatments have been proposed in the literature to deal with this disease, one of these promising methods is the Oncolytic Virotherapy (OV) technique. Controllers have an essential role in this process as they help in carefully managing injection periods, determining appropriate doses, and facing uncertainty in biological parameters. In this paper, an adaptive controller is designed Immune Robust Integral Signum of the Error (IRISE) that give and schedule optimal medication doses to control tumor growth. In addition, an Improved Crow Search Algorithm (ICSA) was used to obtain the optimal parameters for this controller. The controller was validated using a mathematical model of the Interaction Between Tumor Cells and Oncolytic Virus (ITCV) on several cases in different conditions of uncertainty and disturbances. Using a continuous controller to maintain the viral concentration helps to reduce the very high doses of medication needed at the start of therapy, as the viral load can be reduced by half, which in turn reduces concerns about toxicity and costs. The comparative results showed the IRISE based ICSA outperforms the CSA by 0.0 % and 0.02 % at subjects S1 and S3 respectively. In addition, the performance of IRISE controller accommodated most the ITCV model uncertainty in subject S3. In contrast, failure in subject S1 to accommodate stromal cells presence and parameters uncertainty.

الملخص: ممارسة الطب المبني على الأدلة والبراهين العلمية المثبتة حجر أساس لتقديم رعاية طبية ذات جودة عالية وبالتالي الوصول إلى نتائج صحية مرضية، ولهذا تفرض العديد من الدول برامج إعتماد في القطاع الصحي. إحدى هذه البرامج هو سباهي في المملكة العربية السعودية، والعديد من الدراسات ربطت حصول المنشأة الصحية على اعتماد سباهي مع تحقيقها لنتائج إيجابية في الرعاية الطبية، وبالرغم من ذلك هناك تحديات في مجال اعتماد المنشآت الصحية داخل المملكة العربية السعودية ، منها التباين و التنوع في مواقع و جودة الرعاية الصحية المراد تقييمها وأيضا طبيعة و سرعة تطورقطاع الرعاية الصحية مما يؤدي إلى ظهورتحديات مختلفة. و محاولة سباهي في التغلب على هذه التحديات تظهر من خلال تطوير معايير التقييم، والحصول على الاعتماد الدولي، وتدريب المقيمين لتقييم المنشآت الصحية في جميع أنحاء المملكة العربية السعودية، نجاح هذه الجهود سيساعد في تعزيز مصداقية نظام الرعاية الطبية في السعودية على تقديم رعاية ذات جودة عالية وبالتالي تصبح مقصداً علاجياً عالمياً. Abstract: Delivering high-quality care is a cornerstone of achieving satisfying health outcomes, and evidence-based medicine is the basis for doing so. For that, some governments mandate accreditation programs for the healthcare sector. One of these programs is CBAHI in KSA (SA), and many studies have shown positive healthcare outcomes associated with CBAHI accreditation in SA. While these achievements indicate progress, challenges remain. Variability in the quality of healthcare services across different regions of SA is a concern. Furthermore, the fact that healthcare is a complex industry that is rapidly evolving poses many challenges. CBAHI tries to overcome these challenges by continuously developing standards, obtaining international accreditation, and training surveyors to assess healthcare facilities across SA. The success of these efforts will help enhance the SA healthcare system's credibility and attract international patients who are seeking high-quality care.

Digital filtration is widely used today in many application fields, and with the increased use of low-cost embedded processors, it can be applied to vast areas. A drawback of digital filtration algorithms is the introduction of phase angle shifts in the filtered signals, thereby creating undesirable characteristics in many application fields. In this work, low-pass filters of finite impulse response and infinite impulse response types are designed with an innovative buffering scheme to delay a digitally low-passed signal by an angle ranging from 0° to 180° for real-time signals. The application of the filtration and buffering scheme on a cost-effective embedded processor with limited signal processing capabilities opens the horizons for its applicability in many signal processing fields. In assessing its practicality, the generated filtered output signal is correlated with the original signal (a low-passed version), revealing correlation values reaching 0.99 in certain instances. The novelty of the proposed approach enables its application to a broad-spectrum area of digital signal filtration.

Myocardial infarction (MI), one of the most perilous types of cardiac illness, carries a significant burden of mortality and morbidity. This study aims to shed light on the impact of Malva parviflora seed oil (MPSO) on plasma cardiac function tests, levels of cardiac inflammatory mediators, and the expression of cardiac miRNA140-5p and miRNA208b genes in a rat model of MI induced by isoproterenol (ISO). The methods involved the extraction of MPSO using hexane, with the determination of fatty acid contents accomplished through GC spectrometry. Adult albino rats, weighing 185 ± 7 g, were divided into five groups (n = 6): normal control rats, ISO-treated rats, ISO-treated rats with MPSO (157 and/or 314 mg/kg, respectively), and ISO-treated rats with omega (100 mg/kg, respectively) for a duration of four weeks. The results revealed that Malva parviflora seeds yielded 3.3 gm/100 dry seeds. Among the nine fatty acid components identified, coriolic acid was the most abundant (31.60 %), followed by pentadecanoic acid (30.05 %). The cardioprotective potential of MPSO was assessed in rats subjected to ISO-induced cardiac injury. Following 24 h of ISO treatment, rats displayed elevated levels of plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI), troponin T (cTnT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP), as well as cardiac BcL-2, P53, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), NF-κB (Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), miRNA-140-5p, and miRNA-208b gene expression. Histopathological examination confirmed cardiac injury in ISO-treated rats. Furthermore, MPSO mitigated the elevation of cardiac enzymes and TBARS, as well as cardiac inflammatory mediators, while concurrently downregulating the expression levels of miRNA-140-5p and miRNA-208b genes. Conversely, the enhancement of cardiac GSH, SOD, and CAT activity demonstrated the antioxidant capabilities of MPSO against ISO-induced cardiac injury. Histopathological findings underscored MPSO's protective effect on cardiac tissue against oxidative damage in ISO-treated rats. In nutshel, the findings of this study unveil the cardioprotective and free radical scavenging attributes of MPSO in rats with ISO-induced cardiac damage. MPSO appears to provide cardiac protection against free radicals and inflammation induced by xenobiotics, potentially owing to its rich content of polyphenols, flavonoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and cyclopropenoid fatty acids.

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of drinking ionized water on histological changes, bacteria count, and some hematological parameters of Japanese quail. A total of 200-42-day-old female Japanese quails were divided into five treatments four replicates each treatment (40 birds/replicate). The birds of each treatment were divided into four replicates. The pH level of drinking water of the first treatment was 7, whereas the pH levels of drinking water of other treatments were 8, 9, 6, and 5 respectively. The results showed that villi height, crypt depth, and mucous layer thickness of the duodenum were increased (P

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation different levels of Clomiphene citrate to the diet of female quail on productive and some physiological traits. The experiment was conducted in a commercial farm from 2/3/2021 to 24/5/2021 (3 months). Females aged 50 weeks (160 females) were randomly distributed into four treatments, and each treatment included four replicates (10 birds for each replicate). The treatments were divided into a control group (T1; basic diet only), second treatment (T2; basic diet + 0.25 mg / female / day), third treatment (T3; basic diet + 0.50 mg / female / day, fourth treatment (T4; basic diet + 0.75 mg / female / day Clomiphene citrate). The results of the study indicated a significant improvement in favor of the addition treatments compared with the control treatment when calculating the average (%) of eggs production, the average of eggs weight (gm), the average of eggs mass (gm/female/day), and cumulative egg number (egg/female). As for the physiological characteristics, the results shown a high concentration of calcium and phosphorous in the blood serum within the additive treatments compared with the control While there were no significant differences observed among treatments in total protein, albumin, globulin, and cholesterol. It could be conclude from this study that the addition of Clomiphene citrate to the diet improved the reproductive and physiological characteristics of female quail.

The number of cancer diagnoses and deaths worldwide is rising every year despite technological advancements in diagnosing and treating multiple forms of cancer. An oncolytic virus is a type of tumour-killing virus that can infect and analyze cancer cells while mostly preserving normal cells. The oncolytic Vesicular-Stomatitis Virus therapeutic's cell cycle-specific action mathematically investigated. An optimal Proportion Integral-Derivative (PI-D) controller is introduced in this paper based on a suggested Improved Crow Search Algorithm (ICSA) to enhance the outcome of oncolytic virotherapy. The control technique was tested in a computer using MATLAB simulation. The suggested ICSA is used to tune the parameters of the PI-D controller. The ICSA used the inertia factor and boundary handle mechanism in the position update equation to balance exploration and exploitation. The simulation results show that decrease in total dose, tumour cells to 30%, the tumour remain in the treatment area from day 30 onwards. Furthermore, the ICSA algorithm outperforms the CSA and PSO algorithms by 34.5497×10-6 and 15.2573 ×10-6, respectively, indicating the robustness of treatment methods that can accomplish tumour reduction through biological parameters ambiguity.

The rapid and uncontrollable cell division that spreads to surrounding tissues medically termed as malignant neoplasm, cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide. The need for effective cancer treatment arises due to the increase in the number of cases and the anticipation of higher levels in the coming years. Oncolytic virotherapy is a prom-ising technique that has shown encouraging results in several cases. Mathematical models of virotherapy have been widely developed, and one such model is the interaction between tumor cells and oncolytic virus. In this paper an artificially optimized Immune-Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is introduced to improve the outcome of oncolytic virotherapy. The control strategy has been evaluated in silico on number of subjects. The crow search algorithm is used to tune immune and LQR parameters. The study is conducted on two subjects, S1 and S3, with LQR and Immune-LQR. The experimental results reveal a decrease in the number of tumor cells and remain in the treatment area from day ten onwards, this indicates the robustness of treatment strategies that can achieve tumor reduction regardless of the uncertainty in the biological parameters.

In recent years, the world witnessed a rapid growth in attacks on the internet which resulted in deficiencies in networks performances. The growth was in both quantity and versatility of the attacks. To cope with this, new detection techniques are required especially the ones that use Artificial Intelligence techniques such as machine learning based intrusion detection and prevention systems. Many machine learning models are used to deal with intrusion detection and each has its own pros and cons and this is where this paper falls in, performance analysis of different Machine Learning Models for Intrusion Detection Systems based on supervised machine learning algorithms. Using Python Scikit-Learn library KNN, Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Stochastic Gradient Descent, Gradient Boosting and Ada Boosting classifiers were designed. Performance-wise analysis using Confusion Matrix metric carried out and comparisons between the classifiers were a due. As a case study Information Gain, Pearson and F-test feature selection techniques were used and the obtained results compared to models that use all the features. One unique outcome is that the Random Forest classifier achieves the best performance with an accuracy of 99.96% and an error margin of 0.038%, which supersedes other classifiers. Using 80% reduction in features and parameters extraction from the packet header rather than the workload, a big performance advantage is achieved, especially in online environments.

A new definition of fractional derivative (NFD) with order α≥0, is developed in this paper. The new derivative has a smooth kernel that takes on two different representations for the temporal and spatial variables. The advantage of the proposed approach over traditional local theories and fractional models with a singular kernel lies in the possibility that there is a class of problems capable of describing scale-dependent fluctuations and material heterogeneities. Moreover, it has been shown that the NFD converges to the classical derivative faster than some other fractional derivatives.

Abstract Aim To verify the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of the skin-prick tests (SPTs) in allergic rhinitis (AR) compared with blood tests and nasal smears. Study design It is a cohort, prospective, nonrandomized study. Patients and methods A total of 180 patients were enrolled. Group A included 135 patients having AR symptoms for more than 1 year. Group B included 45 patients without AR symptoms candidate for septoplasty surgery who served as controls. All patients were subjected to detailed history, scoring for AR, endoscopic examination, complete blood count, nasal smear eosinophilia, and SPT. Results SPT was positive in 94.1% (n=127) of allergic patients and 20% (n=9) of the controls at least for one allergen. Most of cases were allergic to mixed pollens (66.7%), cotton dust (41.5%), and housefly particles and house dust mite (28.9% equally). The absolute eosinophil count was positive in 70.4% of allergic patients (n=95) and 33.3% of the control (n=15). Nasal smear eosinophilia was positive in 82.9% (n=112) of allergic patients and 20% (n=9) of the controls. SPT possesses high sensitivity and specificity that reached 94.1 and 80%, respectively, and 90.6% accuracy. However, absolute eosinophil count showed the lowest results, where sensitivity and specificity reached 70.4 and 66.7%, respectively, and 69.4% accuracy. Conclusion SPT is accurate for diagnosing AR and possesses high sensitivity and specificity; however, adding a nasal swap test will raise the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of diagnosis.

Abstract Background Benign vocal fold lesions are a common cause for hoarseness of voice. Aim The aim of this work was to investigate the efficacy and safety of microdebrider and radiofrequency in excision of benign vocal fold lesions compared with the classic microlaryngosurgical (MLS). Patients and Methods This study included 30 patients, 22 male and eight female, diagnosed to have benign vocal fold lesions, who were divided into three groups: They were assessed preoperatively and 2 weeks postoperatively using the GRB scale for auditory perceptual assessment and computerized speech lab. Results Marked improvement of vocal functions with no statistically significant differences between the three groups was observed. Conclusion Radiofrequency and microdebrider could be used in the treatment of benign vocal fold lesions with nearly the same results of MLS.

The detection of diseases affecting plant is very important as it relates to the issue of food security, which is a very serious threat to human life. The system of diagnosis of diseases involves a series of steps starting with the acquisition of images through the pre-processing, segmentation and then features extraction that is our subject finally the process of classification. Features extraction is a very important process in any diagnostic system where we can compare this stage to the spine in this type of system. It is known that the reason behind this great importance of this stage is that the process of extracting features greatly affects the work and accuracy of classification. Proper selection of the right features leads to high accuracy in the system diagnostics and vice versa. The proposed system collect images of different crop (Rice, cotton and tomato) disease, we will enter the images of cropping them , then Re-size the images to fixed size, then improve the image through Fuzzy histogram equalization (FHE) , then perform image segmentation using color based K-means and finally compare the methods of features extraction (Percentage of Leaf Area Infected (PI),Texture-Based Features, Color Moments, Features obtained by Color Co-occurrence Method and Shape based Features) we found that the use of 4 methods together (Percentage of Leaf Area Infected (PI),Texture-Based Features, Color Moments and Shape based Features) produce excellent result..

Purpose. To examine and spot systemic findings commonly associated with a serious form of ocular Behcet’s disease. This could potentially help ophthalmologists categorize their patients based on future risk and plan treatment accordingly. Subjects and Methods. The data of 249 patients with Behcet’s disease were examined thoroughly. Correlations between systemic and ocular findings were recorded. Patients were further subgrouped by the authors as having a vision-threatening form of the disease or not. Regression analysis was done to spot predictors for a vision-threatening form of the disease. Results. The presence of systemic vasculitis and oral and genital ulcers in a patient with Behcet’s disease was found to be associated with a milder form of ocular affection or none at all and vice versa. Certain correlations between findings were also found. Conclusion. Certain findings in Behcet’s disease may act as predictors for the severity of ocular affection. Directing our attention to these factors by the internist and ophthalmologist can help plan the frequency of follow-up as well as the aggressiveness of treatment in patients with Behcet’s disease.

تعد الضيافة من أهم القيم والمظاهر الاجتماعية عند بعض الشعوب بصورة عامة ، وتتفاوت أهميتها من شعب إلى آخر ومن بيئة إلى أخرى ، وقد جعل بعض الاقوام الضيافة من اهم الصفات التي يفتخر بها وطالما تغنى الشعراء العرب بهذه الصفة وسطروا أمجاد قبائلهم ولا سيما السادة الذين اشتهروا بحسن ضيافتهم والتزامهم بآدابها وتقاليدها , وقد ألقت هذه الدراسة الضوء على هذه الظاهرة عند العرب في عصر قبل الإسلام، فقدمت تعريفا بالضيافة في اللغة والاصطلاح ثم دراسة الضيافة عند العرب قبل الإسلام من حيث ظهورها ونشأتها وإيراد بعض الآراء لمجموعة من الباحثين والمؤرخين في ذلك ومناقشتها , ثم الحديث عن مظاهرها عند العرب قبل الإسلام التي كان من أهمها أن الضيافة كانت تشكل مظهرا من مظاهر السيادة معرجا على بعض عادات العرب في الضيافة وما كانوا يقومون به في سبيل جلب الضيوف إلى بيوتهم مثل إيقاد النار وربطهم للكلاب خارج مضارب القبيلة لغرض جلب انتباه الضيوف إلى المنازل , كذلك دراسة الضيافة من خلال بعض المظاهر الدينية التي كانت سائدة في فترة الدراسة كالرفادة التي كان يقوم بها أهل مكة وما كانت تمثله من عامل مهم ربط من خلاله مكة وسكانها ببقية سكان جزيرة العرب الذين كانوا يحجون إليها في كل عام , هذا مع ذكر بعض الأشخاص الذين اقترنت أسماؤهم بالكرم والضيافة عند العرب وذلك على سبيل المثال لا الحصر من أمثال هاشم بن عبد مناف القرشي وحاتم الطائي وعبد الله بن جدعان التيمي.

The ultrastructure studies on the haemolymph of 5th larval instar of Galleria mellonella showed five types of haemocytes; Prohaemocytes, Plasmatocytes, Granulocytes, Oenocytoids and Spherulocytes. After treatment with Steinernema carpocapsae BA2, the haemocytes underwent considerable structural changes. More destructive effects were observed in the haemocytes of G. mellonella treated with gamma irradiated S. carpocapsae.