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This study aims to examine the effects of social media marketing activities (SMMAs) on purchase intention (PI), with the mediating roles of brand awareness (BA) and consumer motivation (CM). Data from 379 participants who used social media were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that SMMAs had a significant positive effect on BA, CM, and PI. The effect of CM on PI was also significant. However, the effect of BA on PI was not statistically significant. In addition, CM had a mediating role in the relationship between SMMAs and PI, but BA did not mediate the relationship between SMMAs and PI. This research indicates that marketing managers should acknowledge the main characteristics of online consumers and customize their content to meet customers' specific needs. The results of this study may be utilized in the development of SMMA strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Arghavan. Azizpour, Maryam. Nasimi, Alireza. Ghanadan, Fariba. Mohammadi, Safoura. Shakoei Crusted scabies is a rare and extremely contagious infestation by Sarcoptes scabiei. Kaposi's varicelliform eruption (KVE) refers to herpes [...]

Purpose: Postural abnormalities, such as forward head posture (FHP), posterior kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis, can lead to discomfort and health problems. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of these abnormalities and their association with age, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity among male students of Tehran universities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 students of Tehran University of Medical Science to evaluate the relationship between postural abnormalities and associated factors. Participants’ demographic data and physical activity levels were collected using questionnaires, and spinal curvature was assessed using a spinal mouse device and photogrammetry. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software, version 22, and a Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between variables. Results: The study revealed a high prevalence of postural abnormalities, with FHP being the most prevalent (84.5%), followed by lumbar lordosis (79.8%), and posterior kyphosis (34.7%). Factors, such as age, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and physical activity were significantly associated with the occurrence of postural abnormalities. Conclusion: A study on male university students showed that FHP, posterior kyphosis, and lordosis are common postural abnormalities with varying degrees of occurrence. FHP was the most prevalent type of abnormality. Age and BMI were correlated with the prevalence of postural abnormalities, and kyphosis was more common among younger students. BMI was also significantly related to the prevalence of postural abnormalities, and physical activity was associated with the prevalence of FHP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A regio- and diastereoselective ring-expansion reaction of N -acylaziridines is described for the synthesis of 4-carboxamide oxazolines using InCl3. A domino Ugi–Joullié/ring-expansion reaction of arylphenylazirines, isocyanides, and carboxylic acids leads to the target products through the N -acylaziridine intermediates in the presence of the indium catalyst. The oxazolines were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields with high atom economy and high bond-forming efficiency under mild reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Decision making about surgery in patients with submucous cleft palate (SMCP) is usually postponed until speech assessment is applicable. Therefore, these patients spend more years with disorders associated with cleft. This study was aimed to investigate and compare the prevalence of different communication disorders in patients with unrepaired SMCP at different ages, since this information can help to provide therapeutic services in multidisciplinary teams. Materials and Methods: Clinical records of patients over3 years of age with unrepaired SMCP who were visited in the Isfahan Cleft care team between the years 2005-2015, were reviewed. Percentage of patients demonstrating language disorder, compensatory misarticulation and hypernasality was calculated in three age groups (3-7,7-16, and over than16 years). Results: The majority of the 61 studied patients were preschool children and 37.8% of them suffered from obvious language deficits. 73.8% of the patients required speech therapy services due to compensatory misarticulation. The prevalence of compensatory misarticulation was significantly different between the group one and two (p=0.008). 37.7% of patients demonstrated moderate/severe hypernasality and so required instrumental assessments. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of language deficits in the studied preschool children, there is an essential need for proper management of probable ear problems and more accurate evaluations of language in this group. The high prevalence of compensatory misarticulation in all studied age groups indicated these patients' need for coherent speech therapy and psychological services because of the effects on the psychosocial development, also assessments of educational abilities and providing educational support. At least one third of these patients required instrumental assessments and probably surgeries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of walking speed and cognitive load on learning gait stability in younger and older adults. Materials and Methods: Ten adults (five males and five females) and ten elderly (five males and five females) were healthy volunteers without a history of falls. He was asked to do three tasks on a treadmill with speed (preferred, fast, and slow) with/without cognitive load. The gait-stability ratio (GSR) for each of the above conditions was calculated in terms of both younger and older adults. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine the mean differences at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that the cognitive performance score decreases with increasing speed. Moreover, at faster and slower speeds than prefer speed with/without cognitive load, GSR is higher, and this value was observed more in elderly than in adults (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The elderly, through different walking strategies, especially the lowering phase, provide more double support while walking, so that they will fall less with increasing steadiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]