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The election of regional heads is actually a place to take choices directly by the people or voters in the regions. But in fact, the choice of voters is much influenced, even manipulated by political brokers. This study was conducted to reveal the models of political brokers and their operating patterns in regional head elections in Indonesia. Political brokers have hijacked direct democracy in local elections. The regional head should have a direct contract with the voters, related to the work program at the time of contestation and accountability at the time of election. But the process was hijacked midway by political brokers. Political brokers have long operated in the process in Indonesia, both general elections, presidential elections, village head elections, and regional head elections. This research used descriptive qualitative method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with informants who were directly involved in the regional head election. From the research conducted, it is found that political brokers in regional head elections in Indonesia are village heads, and community leaders. Political brokers perform their role in two ways. First, by giving money to the head of the electorate. The money comes from regional head candidates who are given by the winning team for regional head candidates for political brokers. The money given by regional head candidates to political brokers consists of money for own political broker and operational money, as well as money to be distributed to voters. Second, political brokers also act to intimidate, threaten and frighten potential voters, if they do not vote for candidates who are supported by political brokers.

Covid-19, which has occurred since 2020 until now, has not only caused problems in the health sector, but also in the economy, including the tourism sector. This study was conducted to find out how the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector in Batu City, East Java. In addition, this study was conducted to reveal how the strategy was carried out by the Batu City Government, East Java in developing the tourism sector after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods, which describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector in Batu City, East Java. In addition, it also described the efforts made by the Batu City Government to restore the tourism sector after being hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection in this study used a technical focus group discussion (FGD) with various parties involved in managing the tourism sector in Batu City, East Java. In addition, in-depth interviews and document searches were conducted. This research conducted in 2021 found that the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism sector of Batu City was quite large. There has been a decline of up to 75% in the number of tourists, which directly has an impact on the increase in the number of poor people. Efforts are being made by the Batu City Government, East Java to restore the tourism sector, by ensuring that tourism actors in Batu City implement health protocols, and sterilize tourism actors and visitors by intensively vaccinating. This is expected to create trust in tourists who want to return to visit Batu City.

Pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk memberi solusi alternatif dari persoalan yang dihadapi oleh warga Kepulauan Madura, yaitu minimnya kesadaran terhadap hak-hak politik dan pembangunan. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan metode dialog, yaitu pengabdi melakukan kegiatan bersama sasaran, yang dilakukan secara berkala selama tahun 2022, baik secara daring maupun secara luring. Daring dilakukan, untuk mengefektifkan jarak lokasi sasaran yang berada di wilayah kepulauan, sementara pengabdi tinggal di daratan. Namun untuk memantapkan kegiatan, pertemuan secara luring juga tetap dilakukan. Sasaran merasa sangat terbantu dengan kegiatan yang dilakukan, terutama dengan kehadiran pengabdi ke lokasi tempat sasaran berada. Pengabdi menemukan, selama ini warga kepulauan tidak memiliki akses untuk berpartisiasi dalam mengawal kebijakan politik yang dibuat oleh pejabat publik. Setelah dijelaskan bahwah era teknologi informasi memudahkan bagi warga untuk terlibat di dalam mengawal kebijakan, baik melalui call center, akun resmi yang dimiliki oleh Lembaga pemerintah, dan pejabat publik. Termasuk berkirim surat secara resmi ke lembaga dan pejabat publik. Diperlukan Pendidikan politik yang lebih intensif oleh pemerintah, partai politik, dan kelompok civil society kepada warga Kepulaun Madura. The Role of Political Education in Increasing Political Participation for the Residents of the Madura Islands This devotion is carried out to provide alternative solutions to the problems faced by the residents of the Madura Islands, that is the lack of awareness of political rights and development. This devotion is carried out using the dialogue method, in which the servant carries out activities with the target, which is carried out periodically during 2022, both online and offline. Online is carried out, to make the distance of the target location effective in the archipelago, while the servant lives on the mainland. However, to strengthen activities, offline meetings are still being held. The target feels very helpful with the activities carried out, especially with the presence of a servant at the location where the target is located. I have found that all this time the islanders do not have access to participate in overseeing the political policies made by public officials. After being explained, the era of information technology makes it easier for citizens to be involved in overseeing policies, either through the call centers, official accounts owned by government agencies, and public officials. This includes sending official letters to public institutions and officials. More intensive political education is needed by the government, political parties, and civil society groups for the residents of Madura Island.

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini berupaya meningkatkan kemampuan pelaku UMKM dalam mengelola produk yang dihasilkan menjadi produk unggulan Kecamatan Ra’as. Kegiatan ini melakukan pendampingan standarisasi mutu produk, inovasi produk, perbaikan pengemasan, branding dan pemasaran, serta pembentukan kelompok usaha bersama untuk meningkatkan kemampuan daya tawar pasar. Metode pelaksanaannya terdiri dari 4 tahapan yakni (1). Survey UMKM di Kecamatan Ra’as di 9 desa; (2) Focus Group Discussion (FGD); (3) Pelatihan dan pendampingan UMKM; (4). Monitoring pasca pendampingan. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 113 UMKM yang tersebar di 9 desa Kecamatan Ra’as. Jumlah tersebut terdiri dari 78 UMKM yang bergerak di bidang makanan atau minuman dan 35 di bidang kerajinan. Hasil kegiatan FGD adalah mengklarifikasi hasil survei UMKM dan menentukan produk unggulan. Hasil pelatihan dan pendampingan UMKM antara lain standarisasi produk ikan kering, standarisasi kemasan, pembuatan merek dan logo, pelatihan diversifikasi produk baru dari bahan jagung lokal, pelatihan pemasaran online, dan sosialisasi desain awal marketplace.

Covid-19 has become a world pandemic, and Indonesia is among the worse cases. Problems that arise are faced by all parties, including religious elites as well as laypeople. This study was conducted to describe how Muslims in Indonesia responded to and tried to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic. The study uses descriptive qualitative methods to collect data by observation, in-depth interview by phone, and online searching documents. From the research conducted, Islamic mass organizations have a relatively similar opinion that limits religious activities supported by various religious arguments. As for laypeople’s behavior, most are the same as mass organizations and Islamic leaders; very few have different behaviors. In anticipation of the virus spreading, most of them restricted religious activities in full by closing down the mosque and stopping public prayers. Few remained active as before the Covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 telah menjadi pandemi dunia, dan Indonesia termasuk di antara kasus terparah. Permasalahan yang muncul dihadapi semua pihak, baik elit agama maupun awam. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana umat Islam di Indonesia menanggapi dan berusaha mengatasi pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam melalui telepon, dan pencarian dokumen secara online. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, ormas Islam memiliki pendapat yang relatif sama yaitu membatasi kegiatan keagamaan yang didukung oleh berbagai dalil keagamaan. Adapun perilaku orang awam, sebagian besar sama dengan ormas dan tokoh Islam; sangat sedikit yang memiliki perilaku berbeda. Untuk mengantisipasi penyebaran virus, sebagian besar dari mereka membatasi kegiatan keagamaan secara penuh dengan menutup masjid dan menghentikan sholat umum. Beberapa tetap aktif seperti sebelum pandemi Covid-19.

Some scholars have suggested a paradigm that the process of conversion to Islam in the Malay community was spread by Sufis. Historical reconstruction in this region is always associated with the teachings, rituals and religious behavior of Sufis. This research was conducted to describe the process of conversion to Islam in three paradigms, namely, political economy, history, and religion. This study found that the conversion of religion in Malay society was mostly played by economic actors. To facilitate this conversion, economic agents married local women and negotiated with the ruling sultans. From the existing sources (manuscripts and archives), economic actors had a significant role in Islam conversion for Malay society. Economic actors, in the 17-18 century AD, consisting of traders, were connected with countries in the Indian Ocean. Some of them came to the West Coast of Sumatra to trade spices. The traders who came were Muslims. Their arrival brought two purposes at once, namely the teachings of religion in the right hand and trading commodities in the left hand. Both of these goals were the driving force of traders to spread Islam in every visited region. This study has proven correlative with the condition of the Islamic community in the current Malay community, which is more engaged in the trade than other sectors. At the same time, the community becomes devout Muslims.الملخص: اقترح بعض الباحثين أن التحويل المتكامل إلى الدين الإسلامى فى المجتمع الملاوى نتيجة من جهود المتصوفين الكتابة التاريخية عن هذه المنطقة دائما متعلقة بالتعاليم، الطقوس، والأنشطة الدينية لهذه الفرقة يحاول هذا البحث تصوير وتفصيل عملية التحويل إلى الدين الإسلامى فى المجتمع الملاوى من جهة ثلاث: السياسى والاقتصادى، التاريخى، والدينى حصل البحث إلى النتيجة التالية أن العامل الاقتصادى له دور أهم فى التحويل الدينى فى المجتمع الملاوى تسهيلا لهذا التحويل، التجار يتزوجون المواطنات ويتفاوضون الملوك يمكن إدراك هذا الرأى من الأرشيف والمخطوطات لدينا كان التجار فى القرنى السابع والثامن عشر الميلادى مترابطين مع أنهم منتشرون عبر المحيط الهندى. عدد منهم ، معظمهم مسلمون، زار الساحل الغربى لسومطرة لتجارة التوابل والدعوة الإسلامية. هما، التجارة والدعوة، عاملان رئيسيان فى نشاطهم الاقتصادى والدينى كانت نتيجة هذا البحث توافق بأحوال المجتمع الملاوى فى زماننا الحاضر الذى يشتغل بالتجارة أكثر من اشتغالهم فى المهن الأخرى، بالاضافة إلى كونهم مسلمين متدينينAbstrak: Sebagian kalangan, selama ini membangun paradigma, bahwa proses konversi ke agama Islam pada masyarakat Melayu disebarkan oleh para sufi. Rekonstruksi sejarah di wilayah ini selalu dikaitkan dengan ajaran, ritual dan perilaku keagamaan para sufi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menggambarkan dan mendeskripsikan proses konversi ke agama Islam dalam tiga paradigma, ekonomi politik, sejarah, dan keagamaan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa konversi agama pada masyarakat Melayu lebih banyak diperankan oleh aktor ekonomi. Untuk mempermudah konversi tersebut, para pelaku ekonomi menikahi wanita setempat, dan melakukan negosiasi dengan sultan yang berkuasa. Dari sumber yang ada (manuskrip dan arsip), para pelaku ekonomi memiliki peran signifikan dalam mengkonversi agama Islam pada masyarakat Melayu. Aktor ekonomi, pada abad ke 17-18 masehi, yang terdiri dari para pedagang terkoneksi dengan negeri-negeri yang ada di Samudra Hindia. Sebagian dari mereka datang ke Pantai Barat, Sumatera untuk berdagang rempah-rempah. Para pedagang yang datang tersebut adalah pemeluk agama Islam. Kedatangan mereka membawa dua tujuan sekaligus, ajaran agama di tangan kanan dan komoditas perdagangan di tangan kiri. Kedua tujuan tersebut yang menjadi daya penggerak para pedagang untuk menyebarkan Islam di setiap wilayah yang disinggahi. Penelitian ini berkorelasi dengan kondisi masyarakat Islam pada masyarakat Melayu saat ini, yang lebih banyak menekuni sektor perdagangan dibanding sektor lain. Pada saat yang sama juga menjadi pemeluk Islam yang taat.

The political investors in the regional head election in Indonesia are an interesting phenomenon to be studied, as not all candidates for regional head, whether governors, regents, or mayors, have the capital to financially support their candidacy. Meanwhile, the nomination fee from has been increasing. For instance, in one of the regencies in Indonesia, the cost has reached 30 billion rupiah. This provides opportunities for regional head candidates to be financed by other people or business groups, known as political investors. This research was conducted to determine the extended role of political investors in regional head elections. This descriptive qualitative research collected data through in-depth interviews and observations as well as online and paper documents. The results showed that political investors play an essential role in enabling regional head candidates to win, and that they in turn benefited from the elections.

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan bagi pengelolaan BUMDes budidaya lele Al-Barokah di desa Patean Kecamatan Batuan kabupaten Sumenep. Target khusus yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan pemahaman dan keterampilan mengelola BUMDes bagi para pengelola BUMDes Al-Barokah, pemuda karang taruna, dan ibu-ibu PKK. Kegiatan ini dilakukan selama dua bulan, yang terdiri atas kegiatan sosialisasi, FGD, dan pendampingan dalam menyusun laporan keuangan melalui Microsoft Excel. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah terbentuknya peluang bisnis aneka kuliner olahan lele pada kelompok PKK, terwujudnya laporan keuangan BUMDES budi daya lele secara digital (computerized), dan inovasi pengelolaan BUMDes budidaya lele yang meningkat secara perlahan namun signifikan, sehinggamembantu akses ekonomi masyakarat.

Religious leaders who took part in political contetstation are trapped in conditions of religious politicization and identity politics. But it also became a capital in gaining political support from their group. This study was conducted to analyze the strategies carried out by religious leaders to become candidates for regional heads which were then analyzed using motivation theory and rational choice theory. This study uses descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews of various informants who directly interacted with religious leaders who ran for regional head. The data were collected by direct observation during the regional head election and when religious leaders are being regional heads. This study found that there are several strategies carried out by religious leaders to become regional heads in Indonesia such as by gaining support from businessmen who have money, joining the ruling party, switching to other party, making a coalition with party cadres that won the general election. Also, there are some who have a strategy of closing the opportunity of their rivals to compete in the election and became a single candidate or became a senior cadre in political parties.

This research was conducted to examine the strategies of residents in Sapeken (a remote island) in facing a demographic expansion, especially in terms of human resource development in improving the competitiveness of fishing communities. This study used the descriptive-qualitative method by collecting data through in-depth interviews and observation, as well as data tracking online and offline. This research used Arnstein participatory theory. It was found that the population density on this island exceeded the average population in large cities. Beside working as fishermen, many people maintain economic independence by becoming small and medium-level traders, especially home-based businesses. The incomes of the residents are used to contribute to the success of the implementation of education, both in the personal context to finance the education of families, and to provide charity to religious and public education institutions. Thus, education is the main factor in dealing with the demographic expansion. In the future, having faster leverage and stronger, and more intense synergy is needed among civil society, with the assistance of universities and local governments in accelerating the development of human resources. Community participation is at the level of a partnership, including in the degree of citizen power.

COVID-19, which has become a world pandemic, has hit the economic sectors of countries in the world, including Indonesia. Indonesia's economic growth is predicted to be only around 2% or even 0%. This research was conducted to analyze how public support for government efforts to deal with COVID-19 and describe how the economic challenges faced. This research uses descriptive qualitative method by collecting data through in-depth interviews with several informants relating to public support for government efforts. Data collection is also done by searching for related documents online. From the research conducted, the government has the opportunity and strength to carry out initiatives to deal with COVID-19. Administrative support, regional government, business, political parties, including the opposition, and the people are tremendous. The problem is, the government's efforts and scenarios are not visible to anticipate the economic threats that are already in sight. This research wants to uncover the power of government in the form of public support in dealing with COVID-19, and remind the government, the economic challenges faced with the existence of COVID-19.

This study aims to describe the economic potential of islands in Sumenep District. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, carried out by collecting data through observation, in-depth interviews, and data tracking. Sumenep District has the largest number of islands in East Java, 287 islands, spread across nine subdistricts. These islands have considerable economic potential, from oil and gas to fisheries, epinephelinae, cromileptes altivelis, and lobster. This area has a great need for the existence of a transportation network as a means of economic mobility of the community, which also affects the price of basic necessities far higher than the area of Sumenep Regency on the mainland, Madura Island and Java Island.

This article views that technology plays an integral role in the social impacts of religious information, instead of being a threat to the religion itself. That is, technology is present in religious life, and is increasingly giving social impacts. Technology offers a new nuance in today's modern life in almost every aspect of human life. Sometimes, technology serves as a primary tool that assists us in our daily lives, and in some other time, it only serves as a supporting tool. As an important part of people's lives, al-Qur'an exegesis in its development is in separable from technology. This article provides evidences on religion's presence in the society, illustrated through the important roles of technology in al-Quran exegesis. Technology supports the presence of religion in millennial periods and not vice versa. This role of technology still serves only as a supporting system or secondary role. This can be seen in the Tafsir Ilmi Kementrian Agama (Tafsir Ilmi compiled by the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs). Furthermore, this argument is a valid proof of the novelty of technology's roles in the development of religious materials in millennial era.

This research was conducted to find a complete picture as well as to study comprehensively on the facts and factors causing the failure of development using the regional budget in Sumenep regency, East Java. During this time, national development which is supported by the efforts of regional governments in maximizing the potential of the regional budget is an important foundation in achieving public welfare. This research implemented an explanative qualitative method, with a single case study in Sumenep Regency that has an area consisting of mainland and islands, so it required large development funding. Data collection was done by in-depth interviews, direct observation, and online document search. This study also uses a quantitative method that measures the effect of the regional budget on development. From the research, it was found that with a large number of development funds from the regional budget there were still a lot of stagnant, abandoned physical developments that were not utilized. The aftermath was that the realized development fund could not overcome poverty, unemployment, and could not increase the income and welfare of residents in Sumenep Regency. Several factors were causing the failure of development in Sumenep Regency which was described comprehensively throughout the study.

This research was conducted to find out how the role of people's representatives in fighting for the aspirations of the people represented based on electoral districts (Dapil) in development. This research uses descriptive qualitative method, by collecting data through direct observation in the field (observation) and in-depth interviews (in-depth interviews) with various informants related to the study. The rationale in this research is the theory of political representation (representation), which analyzes how the roles, duties and functions of people's representatives. From the results of the study found the role of people's representatives who fight for the aspirations of the community in the form of escorting grant assistance programs to community groups, both social and empowerment (budgeting function). Besides other forms of role carried out by the people's representatives is the function of supervision (control) of government programs, such as the implementation of the distribution of rice to prosperous families (rastra), the implementation of construction of school buildings, and others. The role of board members who are still not maximized is related to the function of the budget (budgeting), especially in the field of infrastructure. This is clearly seen from the unfinished construction of road infrastructure and health infrastructure in the Kangean Islands and Sapeken areas.

This research was conducted to find out how the role of technology and social media in spreading Al-Quran and hadith by the mubalig. This research uses qualitative descriptive approach, while the method of collecting data with observation on the activities of the mubalig and dai who perform religious da’wa activities, both in mosques, langgar, and majlis taklim assemblies held at homes of pilgrims or mubalig house. This research found that, mubalig already flat using technology and social media for the purposes of their da’wah. The preachers use technology and social media for various purposes of da’wa, communicating with the congregation of recitation, to read references of religious material, as well as as a means to store the propagation material which subsequently submitted during the recitation. The last is to make existing apps their devices to recall verses or hadiths that happen to be forgotten when delivering lecture material. The mubalig rate, technology and social media are something positive to use as a medium of communication preaching. So that mubalig are not allergic to technology and social media, even some of them become active users in social media. Similarly, in his own devices there are many applications of the Qur'an and Hadith. Carrying a device is an effective way of learning, carrying the reference of the book, because it does not have to bring a large book of physical to come preach to various places and locations. Technology is considered to be able to connect them with the other ustaz, kiai or religious figures in the same or different organization.