Search

This research problem begins with the results of a needs analysis of students. The research aims to produce a product in the form of a science pocket book based on Inquiry Social Complexity that is valid, practical and effective in order to improve students’ critical thinking skills. The type of research used Research and Development (R&D), following the ADDIE model with five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The population of this studied consists of fifth-grade students from SD Rayon II, Sidomulyo District. The sample was determined used Cluster Random Sampling, aligned with the research objectives. Data collection tools included valid and reliable test instruments. The validation results of the Inquiry-Based Social Complexity Science pocketbook, developed by the researchers, theoretically confirmed its feasibility, with an Aiken’s V analysis yielding an average of 0.87, falling into the “Very Valid” category. Science pocket book product based on Inquiry Social Complexity which was developed to be practical in its application in the classroom. The results of the practicality assessment on educators’ responses had a holistic average score of 88.04 with a very practical interpretation and student responses had a holistic average score of 87.77 with a very practical interpretation. The data analysis technique employed an independent t-test. The calculation result was 0.009, which was less than 0.05. It is indicating a significant difference between the pre-test and post-use of the product in the class groups. This shows that the pocket book used is effective in improving students’ critical thinking skills.

In the current era of globalization and the development of information technology, literacy skills have become critical skills that every student must master to face the challenges of the times. Literacy skills are related to reading, writing, and thinking activities that focus on increasing the ability to critically, creatively, and innovatively understand information. By reading, students will apply speaking and writing skills. Based on the results of interviews at one school, teachers have not made maximum use of interesting learning media. Therefore, it is necessary to create exciting learning media for reading skills. One of them is picture storybook media. Picture storybook media are suitable learning media to develop because engaging learning media can be used as teaching aids to illustrate material explained in related subject books. This research aims to produce picture storybooks based on the CRT approach to improve students’ reading literacy in lower grades. This research method uses the ADDIE model. Data collection uses scales, interviews, observations, and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques use descriptive analysis t-tests. In validating media, material, language, learning, and evaluation, the v-aiken results were 0.88, 0.85, 0.88, 88.3, ​​and 65, respectively, with decent classification. Then the t-test obtained a significance result 0.000, which means 0.000 < 0.05. In short, developing picture storybooks based on the CRT approach has increased students’ reading literacy in lower grades.

This study aimed to measure the effects of video media on kindergarten children basic movement skills. Educators use many strategies to assist their children in acquiring basic movement skills in kindergartens; The style of teaching encompasses the style of guided discovery, with a component and entire method approach supported by visual medias. This research used an experimental design with convenience sampling of 40 children from two classes in kindergarten. The experimental study is an investigation into the effects of video media in children's and other supervised subjects on fundamental movement abilities. Twenty children assigned to an experimental treatment, in which the researchers studied findings on children development on basic movement skills. Other children (N = 20) were assigned to a control group. Instrumentation for the Research-based on observation to gather data, the observation made by a researcher to find items that are needed. Moreover, The Bruininks-Oseretsky Second Edition Motor Capability Test ((Bruiniks and Bruiniks, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency> Second (Edition manual), Pearson Assessment, 2005)) and The Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD) used in this research. Blinding teaching methods in kindergarten physical education using visual media showed increase the basic mobility skills of the kindergarten sample. Physical Education teachers using blinding methods in classroom provide their special children with more effective learning skills in the Basic Movement Skills in the kindergarten. In addition, video media tools showed improvement in basic movement skills of school lay-up children. The outcome of this research provided advice to practitioners and researchers on how to incorporate video in their teaching with a view to promoting the development of important motor skills in children.

Objectives: To assess the serum expression levels of long non-coding ribonucleic acid growth arrest specific-5 and micro-ribonucleic acid-137, and the different genotypes of long non-coding ribonucleic acid growth arrest specific-5 rs2067079 (C>T) and micro-ribonucleic acid-137 rs1625579 (T>G) in acute ischaemic stroke patients. Methods: The case-control study was conducted at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, from January to August 2020, and comprised adult acute ischaemic stroke patients of either gender selected from the stroke unit of the Neurology Department at Kasr Alainy Hospital of Cairo University. Healthy individuals matched for age and gender were enrolled as controls. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify serum expression levels of long non-coding ribonucleic acid growth arrest specific-5 and micro-ribonucleic acid-137, and to genotype long noncoding ribonucleic acid lncRNA growth arrest specific-5 rs2067079 and micro-ribonucleic acid-137 rs1625579 using TaqMan allelic discrimination. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 100 subjects, 50(50%) were patients; 34(68%) males and 16(32%) females with mean age 60.4±10.0 years. The remaining 50(50%) were controls; 28(56%) males and 22(44%) females with mean age 56.9±12.2 years (p>0.05). The patients had more smokers, more hypertensives and more diabetics than the controls (pT) recessive model (homozygous minor TT genotype), while micro-ribonucleic acid-137 rs1625579 (T>G) was protective against acute ischaemic stroke in allelic (G minor allele), codominant (GT genotype), dominant (GT+GG), and over-dominant (GT genotype) models (p

Background: Color vision deficiency (CVD) is an often-overlooked issue within the medical community, and its consequences remain insufficiently explored. We aim to evaluate how CVD affects diagnostic accuracy and distinguish between malignant choroidal melanoma and benign choroidal nevus among ophthalmologists. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we engaged ophthalmologists through a web-based survey distributed via the professional ophthalmology society's social media channels. The survey encompassed a series of three fundus images representing normal fundus, choroidal nevus, and choroidal melanoma. Each image underwent simulation for the three primary types of CVD—protanopia, deuteranopia, and tritanopia—alongside a non-simulated version. Results: The study included 41 participants, averaging 40 years of age (±9.2), comprising 28 (68%) men and 13 (32%) women. Significantly lower rates of identifying orange pigments were observed in simulated protanopia images compared to non-simulated ones (p = 0.038). In simulated deutranopia images, the recognition of melanotic lesions was notably reduced compared to non-simulated images (p = 0.048). No such limitation was observed for tritanopia. However, participants retained their ability to identify subretinal fluid and estimate tumor thickness in simulated and non-simulated images. Concerning simulated images of choroidal nevi, participants misdiagnosed nevi as choroidal melanoma in 37% of cases in simulated protanopia nevi images and 41% in simulated deutranopia nevi images. This resulted in unnecessary referrals of benign lesions as malignant, emphasizing the potential for mistaken diagnoses. Nevertheless, almost all simulated images of malignant melanoma were correctly referred for specialized oncological treatment. Conclusions: The simulated CVD conditions of protanopia and deuteranopia affected the accuracy of identifying the melanotic nature of the choroidal tumor and the presence of orange pigments. This limitation led to challenges in correctly diagnosing choroidal melanoma and choroidal nevus, resulting in extra referrals for nevus cases. However, participants were safe and could still determine the possible risk of eyes with choroidal melanoma, so most referred melanoma cases to specialized oncologists as needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Intraocular surgeries are conventionally contraindicated for patients with active retinoblastoma (Rb) due to the potential risk of tumor dissemination. However, surgery is occasionally necessary to preserve vision in patients with a single eye when the eye is complicated by rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Objective: This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of surgical repair for RRD in pediatric patients with active Rb utilizing a non-drainage scleral buckling approach. Results: This cohort included six eyes from six patients who harbored active Rb and presented with RRD; one had a concurrent tractional component. All eyes (100%) had active intraocular Rb and were undergoing active therapy (systemic chemotherapy, cryotherapy, and thermal laser therapy) when RRD developed. RRD consistently manifested at the site of recent cryotherapy in all cases. RRD repair in the affected eyes was performed by scleral buckling without subretinal fluid drainage. Five of the six eyes (83%) achieved complete retinal reattachment. One eye (17%) with a tractional component exhibited partial reattachment and was eventually enucleated due to persistent active disease. At a median follow-up of 15 months (range 12–180 months) after scleral buckling, all five eyes had persistent retinal attachment, and no case developed orbital or distant metastasis. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that nondrainage scleral buckling is an effective and safe method for the surgical repair of RRD in eyes harboring active Rb, as most cases achieved persistent complete retinal reattachment without the risk of tumor spread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study compares the outcomes of managing retinoblastoma between patients with unilateral and bilateral presentations. Methods: The study, conducted at the King Hussein Cancer Center in Amman, Jordan, retrospectively analyzed cases of retinoblastoma treated between March 2003 and December 2019. Evaluation criteria included clinical features, disease stage, treatment methods, and overall management outcomes. Results: The study comprised 697 eyes from 478 patients with retinoblastoma, with 52% being males. Bilateral disease was observed in 70% of patients, and a family history of retinoblastoma was more prevalent in cases with bilateral disease (20%) compared to those with unilateral disease (4%). Unilateral cases had a median age at diagnosis of 28 months, whereas bilateral cases were diagnosed at a median age of 6 months. Extra-ocular retinoblastoma was detected in 1% of eyes. According to the International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification (IIRC), 88% of unilateral cases presented with advanced disease (IIRC group D/E), compared to 46% in bilateral cases. Primary enucleation was performed in 29% of unilateral cases and 16% of bilateral cases (p-value 0.0007). Eye salvage rates were 31% in unilateral cases and 68% in bilateral cases (p-value < 0.0001). At 120 months of follow-up, 5% of patients died from secondary neoplasms or metastases, 81% were alive, and 14% were lost to follow-up. There was no significant difference in metastasis, secondary neoplasms, or mortality between patients with unilateral and bilateral retinoblastoma. Conclusions: This study highlights the nuanced differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes between unilateral and bilateral retinoblastoma, emphasizing the necessity of customized management and early detection strategies. It demonstrates that while bilateral retinoblastoma benefits from earlier detection and has a higher rate of eye salvage, there is no significant difference in metastasis or mortality rates when compared to unilateral cases. The critical roles of primary enucleation in advanced cases, along with effective communication and patient education, are also underscored to improve treatment adherence. Overall, these findings point to the importance of tailored approaches in optimizing outcomes for the diverse patient population affected by retinoblastoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine Indonesian students' perspectives on digital citizenship skills. Digital literacy is one of the most important needs in the community and the school environment. As educational institutions, universities are expected to integrate and develop an IT-based learning environment to help students develop digital skills. This study used social media and knowledge of rights and responsibilities in cyberspace to examine university students' digital-based skills. A descriptive method with a qualitative approach was also used to describe the perspectives of students about their rights and responsibilities. Participants included 12 students from state universities in Jakarta and Lampung. Data was collected through interviews and 90-minute focus group discussions (FGD). The results showed that the top three considerations that emphasized ethics in cyberspace were maintaining privacy, not spreading fake news, and respecting the Internet community. In this context, individuals must uphold their rights and responsibilities in the virtual world, and university students are expected to apply digital ethics appropriately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report an unusual case of metastatic esophageal carcinoma to the vitreous associated with focal retinitis in a 44-year-old male. A 44-year-old male patient, known case of locally advanced esophageal carcinoma, presented with a 3-day history of left eye floaters. The initial diagnosis was inflammatory vitreo-retinitis that responded to systemic steroids. Four months later, the patient presented with relapsed intraocular inflammation, vitreous biopsy using a 25G needle was performed, and cytology confirmed the presence of metastatic carcinoma consistent with his primary esophageal cancer. The patient received external beam radiotherapy to his ocular and brain metastasis, and his eye examination was stable. Five months later, the patient passed away due to progressive brain metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of study was to investigate student opinion and attitude toward physical education classes. Two thousand seven hundred (2700) students answered the survey: 1239 (45.3%) were male students and 1497 (54.7%) were female from Kuwait six districts: Al_Hawalli, Al_Asimah, Al_Jahra, Al_Mobarak, Al_Farwniah, Al_Ahmadi. Weight Status was determined from self reported height in meters and weight in kilometers and was calculated to determine the Body Mass Index. It was found that (24.7%) of both male and female were overweight and (12.4%) were obese. More than half of students (55.6%) agree that health education classes should be taught through physical education classes. Students believe of the importance of physical education classes (75.2%) and agree that physical education classes grades should be added to the overall grades (48.9%). They indicated that physical education classes are fun (72.8%), make them feel happy (67.7%), and satisfied (60.5%). They acknowledged that physical education classes keep them fit (64.3%) and healthy (68.3%). Through physical education they indicate that they acquire more friends (67.3%). In order to change the student's perception toward physical education classes, appropriate national curriculum must be implemented by ministry of education. Physical education curriculum should be ensuring students are receiving the minimal level of physical education through their school year. Health education can be related to physical education classes and should be taught through physical education classes to increase the understanding of their quality and healthy lifestyle. (Contains 6 tables.)

Navin and Mark are playing at the computer in their preschool classroom. Like the rest of their classmates, these four-year-old children fearlessly experiment with computer as they navigate through the art program they are using. As they draw and paint on the computer screen, Mark and Navin talk about their creation. "Let's try the stamps" insists Navin as they change the background color from white to green. "okay, I want butterflies in our picture, and they have some in the stamp part," Mark says. The two children work to negotiate additional elements of their project as play continues over the next fifteen minutes. Once the picture is complete, they print it out, show it to two interested classmates, and then take off for the block corner to engage in additional play. (Contains 1 footnote.)

We present an epidemiologic analysis of retinoblastoma (RB) and uveal melanoma (UM) in Jordan to aid national strategies for improved ocular cancer surveillance and control. A retrospective cohort of all Jordanian patients with RB and UM diagnosed over 10 years (2011–2020). Outcome measures included incidence, demographics, and outcomes. Retinoblastoma (n = 124) was more common than UM (n = 82); there was no sex predilection for either group. The median age at diagnosis of RB was 15 months(Six and 28 months for bilateral and unilateral cases, respectively), and the mean age-adjusted incidence was 8.2 cases per-million-children per year for children aged five years or less(one per 15,620 newborn per year). Fifty-one(41%) had bilateral disease, and 18(15%) had familial disease. Ninety-six(55%) eyes were group D or E(78% were T3/T4), and the five-year survival rate was 96%. For UM, the median age at diagnosis was 45 years with an incidence of 1.39 new cases per year per one million population. All(100%) had nonfamilial unilateral disease. Seventy-three(89%) had the tumor in the choroid, and 48(58%) had an advanced tumor that had invaded the sclera or the orbit (T3/T4) tumor. Sixty-two(76%) were treated by I-125 radioactive plaque, with globe salvage in 59(95%); the five-year survival rate was 85%. In Jordan, RB is more common and has better survival than UM. RB in Jordan and Western countries is equal in terms of incidence, globe salvage, and survival. UM is less common, with lower age at diagnosis (that was associated with better survival) in Jordan than in Western countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a malignant eye tumor that poses a significant risk of mortality once metastasized. We present the case of a 30-month-old girl with left-sided Rb who underwent primary enucleation with pathology-confirmed diagnosis without high-risk pathologic features. Therefore she did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Six months later, the patient developed skull bone and bone marrow metastasis, which were treated with systemic chemotherapy, excision of bone metastasis, focal radiation treatment to the site of osseous metastasis, and bone marrow transplantation. Follow-up for two years was unremarkable until she presented with vision loss in the remaining contralateral eye. Ophthalmic examination revealed severe optic disc edema without intraocular masses, initially thought to be optic neuritis. However, the patient did not respond to steroids, and the initial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was negative. This was repeated based on high clinical suspicion of metastasis, revealing only a few malignant cells. The presentation and appearance of the optic nerve were considered metastasis-related and treated with radiation therapy, which resulted in dramatic clinical and radiological improvement. Unfortunately, a few weeks later, the patient developed lower limb weakness, and imaging showed diffuse leptomeningeal metastasis, confirmed by CSF findings. This case represents the first documented isolated contralateral optic nerve metastasis in Rb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Although rare, choroid melanoma is the most common intraocular malignancy amongst adults. Similarly, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is another rare malignancy that counts for 2-3 percent of all adult malignancies. Second primary cancers are not uncommon, even though they occur less frequently than primary cancers. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a rare choroidal melanoma case in a 55-year-old adult who presented with a one -month history of the painless gradual decrease of vision. His investigations revealed a clinical diagnosis of large choroid melanoma, and upon metastatic workup, he was incidentally found to have synchronous RCC. Both malignancies were treated surgically (and the pathology confirmed the clinical diagnosis of choroidal melanoma and RCC). The patient was free of metastatic or recurrent disease at 12 months follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]