28 results on '"Mohamed Ghaly"'
Search Results
2. Simultaneous femoral and tibial lengthening for severe limb length discrepancy in fibular hemimelia
- Author
-
Hosam Mohamed Ghaly, Mahmoud Abdel-Monem El-Rosasy, Abdelhakim Ezzat Marei, and Osama Ali El-Gebaly
- Subjects
Fibular Hemimelia ,Limb lengthening ,Ilizarov ,Orthopedic surgery ,RD701-811 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Background Fibular Hemimelia (FH) is the most common longitudinal limb deficiency. Significant limb length discrepancy (LLD) will necessitate long treatment times and multiple settings to compensate for LLD when associated with femoral shortening. This study evaluates the outcome of simultaneous femoral and tibial lengthening using the Ilizarov frame. Methods This retrospective study included the cases of 12 children with severe limb length discrepancy caused by combined FH and ipsilateral femoral shortening from May 2015 to August 2022. The total LLD ranged from 7 to 14.5 cm. All patients underwent single-session femoral and tibial lengthening using the Ilizarov ring external fixator technique. Additional procedures were performed in the same setting, including Achilles tendon lengthening, fibular anlage excision, peroneal tendons lengthening, and iliotibial band release. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 4 years. Results The planned limb lengthening was achieved in ten cases (83%). No cases of joint subluxation or dislocation were encountered. No neurovascular injury has occurred during the treatment course. In all cases, the bone healing index was better on the femoral side than on the tibia. Poor regeneration and deformity of the tibia occurred in two cases (16.6%). Conclusion Simultaneous femoral and tibial lengthening using the Ilizarov fixator is a relatively safe procedure with the result of correction of total LLD in one session in a shorter time and less morbidity.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Impact of direct-acting antiviral therapy on metabolic profiles and adiponectin serum level in different categories of patients with chronic hepatitis C infection
- Author
-
Ahmed Samir Allam, Mohamed Lotfy Abd Elmeged, Sameh Mohamed Ghaly, Osama Ashraf Ahmed, Gina Gamal Naguib, and Ahmed Samir Abohalima
- Subjects
Hepatitis C virus ,Insulin resistance ,Direct-acting antivirals ,Low-density lipoprotein ,High-density lipoprotein ,Total cholesterol ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Abstract Background Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a worldwide health problem. HCV infection is linked to a variety of metabolic abnormalities as it interferes with lipid metabolism, causing steatosis and a wide range of adipocytokine alterations, as well as impairing glucose metabolism, resulting in a rising prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. Over the last few years, numerous oral anti-HCV medicines (direct-acting antivirals; DAAs) have been introduced. With DAA therapy, HCV can now be eradicated from the infected host within 12 weeks. There is a need for more research because there is minimal information on the effects of DAA therapy on metabolic profiles, lipid profiles, and adiponectin levels. Thus, the purpose of this study was to see how direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) affected metabolic profiles and serum adiponectin levels in 2 different categories of Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. This study included 100 patients with chronic HCV who were separated into two groups. Group I consisted of 50 patients who were treated for 12 weeks with sofosbuvir, daclatasvir, and ribavirin). Group II consisted of 50 patients who were treated for 12 weeks with ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir/ribavirin. This regimen was chosen because these patients had an eGFR of 30 ml/min. Fasting lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL), metabolic profiles (fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1C), and serum adiponectin levels were measured before and after the end of treatment. Results Statistical analysis of the data showed a significant difference in the lipid profile in group I before and after treatment, as we found a significant reduction in serum triglycerides after treatment (113.2 ± 22.9 mg/dL vs 105.6 ± 23.2 mg/dL, P < 0.001) and a significant elevation of serum total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL after treatment (TC: 153.2 ± 20.1 mg/dL vs 174.1 ± 19 mg/dL, P < 0.001; LDL: 74.7 ± 9.9 mg/dL vs 93.3 ± 12 mg/dL, P < 0.001; HDL: 54.6 ± 10.1 mg/dL vs 57.2 ± 10.3 mg/dL, P 0.010). But in group II, there was no significant difference in the lipid profile before and after treatment. We also found a significant reduction in fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HBA1C after treatment in group I (fasting insulin: 11.4 ± 3.3 (µU/L)/ml vs 9.7 ± 2.2 (µU/L)/ml, P < 0.001; HOMA-IR: 2.7 ± 0.9 vs 2.2 ± 0.6, P < 0.001; HBA1C: 5.6 ± 0.4 vs 5.4 ± 0.3, P 0.003). But in group II, there was no significant difference in fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HBA1C before and after treatment. Also, we found that there were no significant changes in the serum adiponectin level in either group before or after treatment. Conclusion HCV clearance with DAAs had an impact on the lipid and metabolic profiles of the patients at the end of treatment. This could depend on the type of DAAs used in the treatment, the stage of the liver disease, and the associated conditions of patients. However, serum adiponectin levels are unaffected.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Developing Future Human-Centered Smart Cities: Critical Analysis of Smart City Security, Interpretability, and Ethical Challenges.
- Author
-
Kashif Ahmad, Majdi Maabreh, Mohamed Ghaly, Khalil Khan, Junaid Qadir 0001, and Ala I. Al-Fuqaha
- Published
- 2020
5. Explainable, trustworthy, and ethical machine learning for healthcare: A survey.
- Author
-
Khansa Rasheed, Adnan Qayyum, Mohamed Ghaly, Ala I. Al-Fuqaha, Adeel Razi, and Junaid Qadir 0001
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Developing future human-centered smart cities: Critical analysis of smart city security, Data management, and Ethical challenges.
- Author
-
Kashif Ahmad, Majdi Maabreh, Mohamed Ghaly, Khalil Khan, Junaid Qadir 0001, and Ala I. Al-Fuqaha
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Effectiveness of Chlorhexidine Varnish in Preventing Dental Caries in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate
- Author
-
Mohamed Ghaly and ahmed eldosoky
- Published
- 2023
8. Inhibitory action of probiotic bacteria for some isolated and identified pathogenic bacteria from naturally infected Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticusis)
- Author
-
Abeer EL-Makhzangy, Mohamed Ghaly, Shahira Mahmoud, and Somayah Awad
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2022
9. Bacterial and Physico-Chemical Studies on Drinking Water from Different Sites in Zagazig City (El-Sharkia Governorate)
- Author
-
Eman Ahmed, Mohamed Abou-Dobara, Mohamed Ghaly, and Mohamed Abd El Aziz
- Published
- 2023
10. Extraction, Purification and Characterization of Cholesterol Oxidase Enzyme Biosynthesized by Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MF1
- Author
-
samar Mahmoud, Mohamed Ghaly, and Mohamed Abd-El Razik
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2023
11. ASSESSMENT OF VITAMIN D IN COLONIC DISEASES (INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES AND IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME)
- Author
-
Sameh Mohamed Ghaly, Hebatallah Ashraf Sallam, Ashraf Elsherbiny Abdel Hady Elsherbiny, Hesham Hamdy Radwan, Ayman Gamil Anwar Dawod, and Yasser Omar Eid
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Ulcerative colitis ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Gastroenterology ,vitamin D deficiency ,Steroid hormone ,Immune system ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Clinical significance ,business ,Irritable bowel syndrome - Abstract
Background: Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that is produced as a result of skin exposure to the sunlight. Vitamin D is essential to different organs and systems in the body as the bones, intestines, immune system, pancreas, brain, and control of cell cycle.Aim of the work: to assess the clinical relevance of vitamin D in colonic diseases (IBS and IBD) to know if there is a prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in these colonic diseases.Patients and Methods: This study was performed on 90 Egyptian patients who were classified into 3 groups; where Group 1 included 30 patients who have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Group 2 30 patients who have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) whether Ulcerative Colitis (UC) or Crohn's Disease (CD) and Group 3 30 healthy personnel taken as Control group.Results: Regarding different vitamin D levels in the studied groups. In the control group, (20%) had deficient vitamin D level ( 30 ng/ml). In IBS group, (60%) had deficient vitamin D level, (26.7%) had insufficient vitamin D level, (13.3%) had optimal vitamin D level. In the UC group, (66.7%) had deficient vitamin D level, (16.7%) had insufficient vitamin D level, (16.7%) had optimal vitamin D level. In CD group, (50%) had deficient vitamin D level, (33.3%) had insufficient vitamin D level, (16.7%) had optimal vitamin D level.Conclusion: The role of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of many chronic illnesses has raised the attention recently. Our study revealed that 25-OH-D3 deficiency is found more frequently among UC, CD and IBS patients than normal healthy controls. Thus, vitamin D prescription in these patients may help in improving these colonic diseases.
- Published
- 2021
12. Scanning electron microscopic study of smear layer changes following ultrasonic endoactivator irrigation system during root canal treatment of primary teeth
- Author
-
Mohamed Ghaly, Aya Alsherif, and Arafa Khatab
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2023
13. Culture and Susceptibility of Levofloxacin Resistant H.pylori
- Author
-
Sameh Mohamed Ghaly, Ahmed Medhat Youssef Ibrahim Youssef, Mohamed O Aly, and Hany Ali Hussien Abd El-Rahman
- Subjects
Imipenem ,Cefotaxime ,biology ,business.industry ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,General Medicine ,Amoxicillin ,Helicobacter pylori ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,biology.organism_classification ,Microbiology ,Ciprofloxacin ,Levofloxacin ,Clarithromycin ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori is the major cause of eradication failure. Prevalence of H.pylori antibiotic resistance is increasing worldwide, and it is the main factor affecting efficacy of current therapeutic regimens. Our aim is to investigate H.pylori resistant patients toward Levofloxacin and detect the most effective antibiotic in eradication of H.pylori. Objective To investigate H.pylori resistant patients toward Levofloxacin including regimens and to detect the most effective antibiotic in H.pylori eradication. Patients and Methods The present study aimed to investigate the Susceptibility of Levofloxacin Resistant H.pylori in patients who had been diagnosed and received any regimen including Levofloxacin and still signs and symptoms of H.pylori infection not releaved and after proper time of stoppage of PPI and antibiotics H.pylori Ag in stool still positive at the period from January 2019 to February 2020. Results In the present study we found a wide spectrum of resistance to rates of H. pylori, from nearly negligible rates of Rifampicin (0%), Imipenem (0%), Cefotaxime (2%), Tetracycline (6%), Doxycycline(10%), and Amoxicillin(38%). To high rates resistance to Metronidazole (100%), Erythromycin (72%), Clarithromycin (68%), Azithromycin (60%), Ciprofloxacin (52%), and Levofloxacin (48%). Conclusion Helicobacter pylori is the most common chronic bacterial infection in humans. Antibiotic resistance is a major issue nowadays. Prior use of macrolide antibiotics or metronidazole appears to increase the risk of H. pylori resistance. Clarithromycin resistance appears to be an "absolute" condition that can not be overcome by increasing the macrolide dose. Levofloxacin resistance seems to be increasing. Culture and susceptibility should be done before starting second line treatment.
- Published
- 2021
14. Thoracolumbar spine fractures, short versus long posterior fixation: Guidelines and controversies. A Systematic Review
- Author
-
Ahmed Farghaly, Ali Khalil Ali, Ahmed Hamad, and Mohamed Samir Ahmed Kamal Mohamed Ghaly
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Posterior fixation ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Thoracolumbar spine ,General Medicine ,business ,Surgery - Abstract
Background Thoracolumbar spine fractures are common injuries that can result in significant disability, deformity and neurological deficit. Controversies exist regarding the appropriate radiological investigations, the indications for surgical management and the timing, approach and type of surgery. Aim of the Work to discuss: Guidelines and controversies of short versus long posterior fixation in management of thoracolumbar spine fractures. Patients and Methods 20 articles were identified through specified electronic databases. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 comparative studies were finally included in this systematic review. Various other approaches were used in combination with posterior pedicle screw fixation according to the underlying pathology (e.g. Discectomy, Laminectomy, Vertebroplasty, Kyphoplasty, etc.). A total of 194 patients underwent short segment pedicle screw fixation compared to 158 patients who underwent Long segment pedicle screw fixation for various indications. The majority of the included trials were small studies with between 12 and 69 participants. The patients’ characteristics were comparable within each study group. Individual patient data were available from these articles. Results A total of 194 patients underwent short segment pedicle screw fixation compared to 158 patients who underwent Long segment pedicle screw fixation for various indications. The majority of the included trials were small studies with between 12 and 69 participants. The patients’ characteristics were comparable within each study group. Individual patients data were available from these articles; longest follow up post operative record was about 71 months; 162 male and 93 female in these studies; the mean age about 38 years; the level of thoracolumbar fracture was: 60 patients at T12,104 patients at L1 and 41 patients at L2. Conclusion This review suggest work on the guidelines with evaluating of each case according to age, angels, height, weight (BMI), comorbidities, ability to anaesthesia and types of instability in the patient before as osteoporosis and kyphosis. Degree of angels of cobb and kyphotic angel which are major factors determine if posterior long or short.
- Published
- 2021
15. The Significance of 'Fractional Excretion of Urea' in The Differential Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Cirrhotic Patients
- Author
-
Ahmed Mohamed Hesham Abdelfattah, Ahmed R. Mashaal, Sameh Mohamed Ghaly, Mohamed O Aly, and Moataz Seyam
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Acute kidney injury ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Excretion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,Ascites ,Urea ,Medicine ,Differential diagnosis ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background Patients with cirrhosis are more susceptible to develop AKI than the non-cirrhotic individuals. AKI has an estimated prevalence of approximately 20% to 50% among hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. Physicians caring for patients with cirrhosis should recognize the acute or chronic character of renal disease, the causes of renal injury, the clinical conditions leading concomitantly to AKI and liver dysfunction, and the prognostic factors associated with the progression of AKI. Hypovolemia (due to diuretics, hemorrhage and diarrhea), acute tubular necrosis (ATN), sepsis, nephrotoxic agents (such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aminoglycosides and/or radiological contrasts) and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS)-type 1 are the most common causes of AKI in cirrhotic patients. Objective To evaluate the sensitivity of fractional excretion of urea (FEUrea) vas a diagnostic biomarker for different causes of acute kidney injury in liver cirrhosis. Patients and Methods This study was conducted in co-operation between Tropical Medicine Department, Ain-Shams University and the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute between July 2019 to January 2020. It included 70 adult Egyptian patients admitted for treatment of complications of cirrhosis who fulfilled the eligibility criteria and compared to 10 cirrhotic patients without renal impairment. All patients were subjected to; full history taking, thorough clinical examination, laboratory investigations, Child-Pugh score was calculated for admission and urine samples were collected for urinary urea and creatinine levels to calculate FEUrea. Results Concerning the gender distribution in this study, male to female percent was 40 (57.10%) males and 30 (42.90%) females for gender, respectively. As regards to the causes of AKI, there were 24 (34.30%) PRA, 7 (10.00%) HRS and 39 (55.70%) ATN for final diagnosis. In the current study, there was significant difference (P = 0.0001; P 33%) compared to lower cut-off values for PRA (21%) and HRS ( Conclusion FEUrea was found to be an excellent simple tool for the differential diagnosis of AKI in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. FEUrea has also proven to be a useful “tubular injury” marker by differentiating ATN from non-ATN with high diagnostic accuracy (Sensitivity and Specificity exceeding >90%). FEUrea was found to be a good alternative and noninvasive tool for differentiating causes of AKI in cirrhotic patients instead of other non-available or expensive markers.
- Published
- 2021
16. Impact of Hepatitis C Virus Eradication Following Direct Acting Antivirals on Liver Stiffness Measurement
- Author
-
Laurent Castera, Sameh Mohamed Ghaly, Ahmed M Al-Ashry, and Ahmed El-Ray
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Daclatasvir ,Sofosbuvir ,business.industry ,Serum bilirubin level ,Hepatitis C virus ,General Medicine ,Hepatitis C ,Hepatology ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,DIRECT ACTING ANTIVIRALS ,Virology ,Liver stiffness ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Hepatitis C infection is a disease with significant global impact, about 130150 million people chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), representing about 2-2.5% of the world’s population. In Egypt, the prevalence is 10% and according to the last DHS in 2015 it was 7%. Aim of the Work to evaluate the effect of SVR using DAAs on the stage of the liver fibrosis in HCV patients by measuring of liver stiffness, using transient elastography before and after receiving treatment. Patients and Methods This study was conducted in co-operation between Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, AinShams University and the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute between January 2019 to September 2019. It included 103 adult Egyptian patients who received SOF/DAC for three months and were assessed before and after achieving SVR-24. The patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Theodor Bilharz Research Institute Hospital (after consents were obtained). Results study showed that achieving SVR-24 was associated with improvement of LSM assessed by Transient Elastography and application of FIB-4 score and overall improvement of liver biochemistry as shown by reduction of AST, ALT and serum bilirubin and increase of serum albumin, INR and platelets. This was accompanied by increase of hemoglobin, Creatinine and BMI. The study also showed despite the fact that results were accompanied by significant improvement in LSM, Fib-4 and liver biochemistry, achieving SVR did not guarantee improvement of cirrhosis; only 29% of cirrhotics regressed to sub-cirrhotic range (LSM Conclusion Sofosbuvir / Daclatasvir combination is effective and well tolerated for treatment of genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C patients. Achieving SVR-24 was associated with significant improvement of LSM using transient elastography to assess liver fibrosis. Achieving SVR-24 was associated with overall improvement of liver biochemistry. Improvement of LSM was more in cirrhotic patients than non-cirrhotic patients.
- Published
- 2021
17. Systematic Review of The Outcome of Different Modalities of Voice Rehabilitation Following Total Laryngectomy
- Author
-
Mohamed Samir Ahmed Kamal Mohamed Ghaly, Ahmed Adly Mohamed, Anas Askoura, and Tarek Abdel Hamid Hamdy
- Subjects
Laryngectomy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Modalities ,Rehabilitation ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Voice rehabilitation ,Outcome (game theory) - Abstract
Background Speech impairment occurs in 34-70% of head and neck oncologic patients. Management of this impairment is through surgical and nonsurgical methods. Progress in voice rehabilitation following total laryngectomy has over the last 30 years, made an enormous difference in the whole concept of the management of laryngeal cancers. Objective To explore the outcome of different options of voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy and the advantages and disadvantages of each method in order to improve the quality of life of laryngectomized patients and the suggestion of future directions for research. Patients and Methods The Aim of this work is to provide cumulative data about the efficacy and safety of the outcome of different modalities of voice rehabilitation following total laryngectomy. This review was done using standard methodology outlined in the Cochrane Handbook and reported the findings in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metaanalyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. Results Voice rehabilitation is one of the most important determinants of the quality of life after total laryngectomy. Recent advances in prosthetic voice devices have made such devices the gold standard for voice rehabilitation. They are thus preferred and used more often than old methods (esophageal speech and artificial larynx). Conclusion Although, no single method is considered to be the best for every patient, the tracheoesophageal puncture has become the most preferred method in the past decade. But it is not always possible in all patients, the results of this study indicate that ES, when achievable, is a viable option that should be considered by surgeons when making intervention decisions on patients, and should be revived when indicated. But we need much more studies.
- Published
- 2021
18. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by clove extract to control MDR bacteria isolated from chicken organs 1Ghaly, M. F.; 2Agour M.G.; 1Shaimaa, A., Abbas. 1-Botany and Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science, Zagazig Uni., Egypt. 2-Animal health research institute, Cairo, Egypt
- Author
-
Galal Agour, Shaimaa Abbas, and Mohamed Ghaly
- Subjects
Salmonella ,Veterinary medicine ,food.ingredient ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,General Medicine ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,food ,chemistry ,medicine ,Agar ,Mannitol salt agar ,Staphylococcus ,Bacteria ,Nutrient agar - Abstract
The utilization of antimicrobial drugs has an important effect in chicken husbandry as they are used in prophylaxis, treatment and growth enhancement made poultry a major reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Therefore, our study was undertaken to isolate and control the most common bacterial contamination. For this purpose a total of seventy samples from raw chicken meat and organs (livers, hearts, spleens, muscles, kidneys, skin and gizzards) were collected from different retail markets and abattoirs in Sharkia governorate, Egypt. Nutrient agar was used for the total bacterial count (TBC) , mannitol salt agar for the total Staphylococcus count (TSC) and macConkey’s agar for the total Enterbacteriacae count (TEC). The most common bacteria were identified as Staph. aureus, E.coli and Salmonella isolates in an incidence of 8.57%, 35.7% and 4.28% respectively. The percentage of resistant bacteria to the tested antibiotic were77.8%, 85.7% and 71.4% for Staph. aureus, E.coli and Salmonella respectively. The most effective aquatic plant extract was clove followed by rosemary for its antibacterial effect. The silver nanoparticles has been synthesized and recognized by the color change and UV measurement after incubation of silver nitrate and watery extract of clove at dark conditions, it clearly showed complete inhibitory effect against all the tested MDR bacteria.
- Published
- 2021
19. The (non-) effect of labor unionization on firm risk: Evidence from the options market
- Author
-
Alexandros Kostakis, Konstantinos Stathopoulos, and Mohamed Ghaly
- Subjects
Regression discontinuity design ,Economics and Econometrics ,Strategy and Management ,Causal effect ,Labor power ,Variance (accounting) ,Affect (psychology) ,Firm risk ,Option-implied firm risk ,Bargaining power ,Unionization ,Economics ,Demographic economics ,Business and International Management ,Finance ,Labor union - Abstract
Labor unionization has no causal effect on firm risk. Using a regression discontinuity design to study the impact of labor union elections on option-implied firm risk, we find that unionization per se does not affect investor perceptions about firm price, tail, or variance risk. This finding is robust to studying very short (5-trading day) and long (up to 2-year) windows around the elections. Moreover, there is no unionization effect on firm risk either in subsets of firms facing strong union bargaining power, or with characteristics that prior literature identifies as important determinants of the effect of unionization on firm outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
20. Institutional Investors’ Horizons and Corporate Employment Decisions
- Author
-
Viet Anh Dang, Konstantinos Stathopoulos, and Mohamed Ghaly
- Subjects
Employment ,Economics and Econometrics ,Monitoring ,Strategy and Management ,Institutional investor ,Monetary economics ,Human capital ,Shareholder ,0502 economics and business ,Economics ,Endogeneity ,Business and International Management ,040101 forestry ,050208 finance ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Corporate governance ,Institutional ownership ,05 social sciences ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Investment horizon ,Investment efficiency ,Investment (macroeconomics) ,Incentive ,Capital (economics) ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Finance - Abstract
Monitoring by long-term investors should reduce agency conflicts in firms' labor investment choices. Consistent with this argument, we find that abnormal net hiring, measured as the absolute deviation from optimal net hiring predicted by economic fundamentals, decreases in the presence of institutional investors with longer investment horizons. Firms dominated by long-term shareholders reduce both over-investment (over-hiring and under-firing) and under-investment (under-hiring) in employees. The monitoring role of long-term investors is stronger for firms facing higher labor adjustment costs both in absolute terms and relative to capital adjustment costs, and those for which human capital is regarded as more important. The effect is also more pronounced for firms that have stronger incentives and/or more opportunities to deviate from expected net hiring. We address endogeneity concerns by exploiting exogenous changes to long-term institutional ownership resulting from annual reconstitutions of the Russell indexes.
- Published
- 2020
21. Impact of Direct Acting Antiviral Therapy for Hepatitis C Virus Infection on Recurrence of Hepatitis C Virus Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Author
-
Nevine I. Musa, A S Abuhalima, Ossama A. Ahmed, N M Said, Sameh Mohamed Ghaly, and I A Mohamed
- Subjects
business.industry ,Hepatitis C virus ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Antiviral therapy ,medicine ,General Medicine ,Hepatitis C ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,business ,Virology ,digestive system diseases ,Direct acting - Abstract
Background hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth most common tumor worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer-related death with a male-to-female predominance greater than 2:1. The presence of cirrhosis represents a key risk factor for the development of HCC. The prevalence of cirrhosis among patients with HCC has been estimated to be 85%-95% and the HCC incidence rate among patients with cirrhosis has been shown to be 2%-4% per year. HCV infection is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hence the development of HCC. Egypt has the highest HCV prevalence worldwide; with estimated rate of 10% of Egyptians between 15 – 59 years as reported by the Egyptian Health Issues Survey (EHIS) in 2015. Aim of the Work the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Direct Acting Antiviral (DAA) therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection on recurrence of HCV related HCC after intervention. Patients and Methods this study was conducted on 50 patients with previously treated HCC who were treated for HCV infection using direct acting antiviral agents after confirming HCC regression and response to different treatment modalities and were followed for one year after antiviral treatment. A control group of another 50 patients with cured HCC who didn’t receive DAA therapy was included in the study to compare the recurrence rate in both groups and its relation to the antiviral therapy. Results the two groups didn’t differ as regards age, sex, biochemical profile, AFP, CBC and child score. The results of the study came to show an HCC recurrence rate of 38% in patients who received direct acting antiviral therapy after HCC intervention versus 62% in those who didn’t receive antiviral therapy. Conclusion direct acting antiviral drugs didn’t show to increase the risk of HCC recurrence in comparison to the control group. Yet it did not abolish it. So, close follow up of patients with HCC receiving antiviral therapy is highly recommended.
- Published
- 2020
22. Molecular Identification and Pathogencity of Bacillus thuringensis SW2 on Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.)
- Author
-
Mohamed Ghaly
- Subjects
Veterinary medicine ,Bacterial disease ,biology ,fungi ,Bacillus ,Pathogenic bacteria ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Bombyx mori ,medicine ,Instar ,Caterpillar ,Bacteria ,Nutrient agar - Abstract
The silkworm is an important economic insect due to production of silk. It is the larva or caterpillar of the domesticated silk moth, (Bombyxmori L.) . In the rearing of silkworm bacterial flacherie considered the most important disease effect in silk production. Flacherie is a Syndrome associated with bacterial disease. In the present study the isolation of pathogenic bacteria from infected larvae . The infected larvae samples were serially diluted from which 10-5,10-6 and cultivated onto nutrient agar plate. The dominant colonies were selected identification by colony morphology, Gram staining property and biochemical test and confirmed the identification by 16SrRNA which proved the name of bacteria as Bacillus thuringensis SW2 with accession number (MK327364.1). The genus of Bacillus thuringensisSW2 was responsible of mortality in 4th and 5th instars of the larval stages of B. mori L. after 3 days recorded 4.66a and 2.66b in 4th, 5th instars respectively post infection and highest mortality rate was obtained at 5 days recorded 12a, 12.66a in 4th and 5thinstars receptively and the total injury reach to 31a,32a in 4th and 5thinstars receptively after 5days.
- Published
- 2019
23. Cash holdings and labor heterogeneity:the role of skilled labor
- Author
-
Mohamed Ghaly, Konstantinos Stathopoulos, and Viet Anh Dang
- Subjects
Flexibility (engineering) ,Economics and Econometrics ,Labour economics ,050208 finance ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Labor demand ,education ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Shock (economics) ,Accounting ,Cash ,Cash holdings ,0502 economics and business ,Propensity score matching ,Economics ,Cash Holdings, Skilled Labor, Labor Adjustment Costs, Labor Heterogeneity ,Cash flow ,Endogeneity ,050207 economics ,Finance ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,health care economics and organizations ,media_common - Abstract
Firms differ in their dependence on skilled labor, and face labor adjustment costs that increase with their workers’ skill level. We show that firms with a higher share of skilled workers, and thus less flexibility to adjust their labor demand in response to cash flow shocks, hold more precautionary cash. The effect of labor skills on cash holdings is more pronounced for financially constrained firms and varies with exogenous differences in firing and hiring costs. We address endogeneity concerns by using subsamples of firms with reasonably similar characteristics, propensity score matching, and a quasi-experimental shock to labor markets.
- Published
- 2017
24. Cash Holdings and Employee Welfare
- Author
-
Mohamed Ghaly, Viet Anh Dang, and Konstantinos Stathopoulos
- Subjects
Finance ,Economics and Econometrics ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,business.industry ,Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Human capital ,Cash ,Cash holdings ,Cash Holdings, Employee Welfare, Implicit Claims, Stakeholders, Human Capital ,Business ,Business and International Management ,Industrial relations ,Cash management ,Welfare ,Stakeholder theory ,media_common - Abstract
This paper examines the relation between employee welfare practices and corporate cash holdings. We find firms that are strongly committed to employee well-being, measured by ratings on employee relations, to hold more cash. The effect of employee welfare standards on cash holdings is stronger for firms in human-capital-intensive, competitive, and high-labor-mobility industries in which employees are more important to their businesses. These results are consistent with the predictions of the stakeholder theory. Overall, our paper provides novel evidence on the role human capital and employee relations play in a firm's cash management policy.
- Published
- 2015
25. Institutional Investment Horizons and Labor Investment Efficiency
- Author
-
Viet Anh Dang, Mohamed Ghaly, and Konstantinos Stathopoulos
- Subjects
Investment decisions ,Incentive ,Shareholder ,Corporate governance ,Agency (sociology) ,Institutional investor ,Business ,Monetary economics ,Endogeneity ,Investment (macroeconomics) - Abstract
We investigate how the investment horizon of a firm’s institutional shareholders affects the efficiency of its labor investments. We argue that long-term investors have greater incentives to engage in effective monitoring, which reduces agency conflicts in labor investment choices. Consistent with this argument, we find that abnormal net hiring, measured as the absolute deviation from net hiring predicted by economic fundamentals, decreases in the presence of institutional investors with longer investment horizons. Firms dominated by long-term shareholders reduce both over-investment (over-hiring and under-firing) and under-investment in labor (under-hiring). The monitoring role of long-term investors is more pronounced for firms facing higher labor adjustment costs. These results are robust to alternative model specifications and variable definitions, as well as to tests controlling for the endogeneity in the institutional shareholders’ investment decisions. Overall, our findings suggest that institutional investors play an important role in firm-level employment decisions.
- Published
- 2015
26. Discoloration of ancient Egyptian mural paintings by streptomyces strains and methods of its removal
- Author
-
Sakr, A. A., Ali, M. F., Mohamed Ghaly, and Abdel-Haliem, M. E-S F.
27. Purification and characterization of alkaline protease from marine Streptomyces albidoflavus
- Author
-
Abdel-Aziz, M. S., Hamed, A. A., Mohamed Ghaly, and El-Shafei, H. A.
28. The use of gamma irradiation in the sterilization of streptomyces colonizing the tempra paintings in ancient egyptian tombs
- Author
-
Sakr, A. A., Mohamed Ghaly, and Ali, M. F.
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.