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Algeria does not count any classified geoparks despite its wealthy geological heritage, particularly in Tamanrasset province (southern Algeria). The economic activities in this province require promotion and diversification apart from the oil and gas industry. While tourism can be a crucial driver of its local development, tourist arrivals and infrastructures, especially in villages, indicate how underdeveloped this sector is. The present paper aims to evaluate, for the first time, both natural and cultural potential, targeting a possible geopark classification proposal in this province to boost its tourism and local development. The present study’s results highlighted a concentration of geological and non-geological features (archaeology, architecture, intangible cultural heritage, biodiversity) in two (2) regions of Tamanrasset (Hoggar and Tidikelt). Both areas host the largest number of villages, favoring local inhabitants’ involvement in local development and tourism activities.

A study of phytoplankton diversity and its seasonal variation was conducted by sampling water from Boukourdane Lake between February 2013 and January 2015. Fifteen physical and chemical variables were recorded, and their relationship with the density of 162 phytoplankton species was established using Canonical Correspondence Analysis, which showed that the density of phytoplankton was higher when minerals and nutrients increased. An anthropogenic impact was also most evident in structuring phytoplankton assemblages at sites close to the lake where agriculture was concentrated. The results obtained from the Margalef, Shannon–Wiener, and Equitability diversity indices indicated mediocre water quality. Determinations of the trophic state were made by examining several diverse criteria, such as transparency and the concentrations of chlorophyll a and phosphorus. Our study area was characterized as mesotrophic according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development classification.