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This study investigated the principals' communication styles and school culture in vocational colleges in Selangor. A total of 244 teachers involved in this study. Data was collected using Google Form due to the COVID-19 outbreak. This study adapted questionnaires known as "Principals' Communication Styles Questionnaire for Teachers" (PCSQT) and Revised School Culture Element Questionnaire (RSCEQ) and employed a correlational research design. The findings revealed that most of the dominant communication styles practiced by the principals at vocational colleges in Selangor was assertive communication style. The results also showed that the level of school culture at vocational colleges in Selangor was high based on three factors which are shared leadership and vision, collegial teaching and learning, and professional commitment. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between principals' communication styles and school culture. The results showed a moderately significant relationship between principals' communication styles and school culture at vocational colleges in Selangor. In short, when principals are proven to be good role models for teachers, it is also important to enhance on the effective communication with useful tools and application for a highly needed leadership competency to enable them to work with teachers of varying characteristics.

The education system has existed for centuries. However, despite the rapid change in our technology, lifestyle and needs in the workforce, it has failed to adapt accordingly. The current system relies heavily on industrial-age values where students are expected to follow instructions and are stripped of their agency rather than being encouraged to actively participate in their learning process. As a result, students end up lacking motivation and engagement. Persuasive design focuses on influencing human behavior to improve long-term engagement through various mechanisms. Here, we have embedded the design in the form of gamification elements into the classroom mechanic to aid in the assessment and modulation of student behavior. "ExP", a points-based incentive system tied to all aspects of the classroom mechanics was designed to work in tandem with existing student behavior. Accurate balancing of the system effectively grants students agency and allows more clarity in their classroom interactions and stratagem. The study assesses the effectiveness of the system in improving the academic performance of Diploma-level students. A group of 21 repeating students was observed for an entire semester. A paired sample t-test using SPSS was performed to draw the results. The final exam scores indicates a significant difference in the scores before (M=42.52, SD= 3.82) and after (M=50.14, SD=11.23) the implementation the gamification system with p=0.004. It can be concluded that the incorporation of persuasive design in the form of gamification has potential to significantly improve students' academic performance.

Malaysia and ASEAN society are rich with a variety of traditional games and usually played during leisure time. 'Tossing the Stones' or Batu Seremban was chosen in this survey. Using a purposive sampling technique, respondents from Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia and Thailand went through the game intervention and answered the questionnaires provided. The goal was to understand how they perceived wellness while playing this game, after identifying the frequency of Traditional Games engagement. Results showed that Batu Seremban gave high wellness scores such as; M=4.16, SD=0.722. The physical, intellectual, social and emotional elements identified in 'Tossing the Stones' showed that strong educational elements identified in the traditional leisure game can also be used to teach children and young adults through integration in the curriculum. Suggestions on how the game can be used in classrooms were made based on the findings.

The top ten killer diseases in Malaysia are largely associated with inactivity. In relation to that, Malaysia has come out with policies on prevention, control and management of non-communicable diseases (NCD) into the social, economic and environmental systems through various stakeholders. Thus, this study examined the level of physical activity (PA) among women with regards to demographic profiles, namely marital status, occupation, academic qualification and BMI. A sample of 390 women in Selangor was randomly selected. This research employed a quantitative method using a set of questionnaire adapted from International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in order to obtain information from the respondents. Then, descriptive analysis was employed to obtain the frequency and percentage of PA level. ANOVA was also used to find out the difference in PA with regards to demographic profiles. This study revealed that women in Selangor were generally at low level of PA. In terms of marital status, single women were moderately participated in PA as compared to married and divorced women who participated in low PA. In terms of occupation, home maker, self-employed, white-collar and students participated moderately in PA. On the other hand, professionals and unemployed women participated in low PA. It was also found that school leavers and women with certificate participated at moderate level of PA, yet, women with degree and above as well as diploma were doing low PA. Women with extra body weight, normal body weight and less body weight were found to participate at high, moderate and low level of PA respectively. Besides, findings proved that academic qualification and BMI were highly associated with PA participation. However, marital status and occupation did not associate with PA participation.

The Malaysian national school curriculum currently lacks resources and tools to enforce CPR education. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator course among primary school students to increase their knowledge and technical skills and improve their attitudes. A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pre–post non-equivalent design involving 38 students aged 10–12. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) knowledge, technical skills, and attitude towards CPR were assessed in a post test with three-month follow-up. Results of the MANOVA analysis showed significant differences in the level of knowledge (F = 10.29, p < 0.001) and attitude (F = 13.87, p < 0.001) based on the students' age group at the time of the post test. The proportion of students who passed the technical skills component differed significantly by age (χ2 = 12.12; p = 0.002) and BMI (χ2 = 6.34; p = 0.041). No significant decay was reported in the total mean scores for knowledge, technical skills, and attitude (F = 0.727, p = 0.54) at 3-month follow-up. The course helped students perform CPR and utilize AED effectively while promoting a positive attitude with up to 3 months of retention, demonstrating the feasibility of extending the course within the Malaysian primary school curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of non-communicable diseases has increased worldwide, and their complications pose a significant threat to Malaysia, creating the leading causes of morbidity. Due to that, many instruments were developed to assess a healthy lifestyle in general; however, the measurement issue remains important for scholars, especially when it involves different samples. Furthermore, the quality of instruments is influenced by their validity and reliability. This study aims to translate, adapt, and establish validity evidence and reliability for the Malay version of the Adolescents' Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The validity evidence was tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability using Cronbach's alpha. There are 11 components: healthy diet, physical activity, substance abuse, health responsibility, sleep quality, interpersonal relationships, social health, mental health, accident prevention, environmental health, and suicidal tendencies, with 116 items created for the instrument. From EFA, ten components with 64 items of the healthy lifestyle questionnaire among adolescents explained 55.60% of the variance in the pattern of relationships among the items. All ten components had high reliability (a =. 733 -- a = .906). Hence, the items can be used for data collection to understand the practices of a healthy lifestyle for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]