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There are many of foreign students who studying abroad are certainly present an opportunity in it self. Food business become one of the emerging opportunities yet have to address consumer needs. An international student who wants to buy food surely have their own criteria. It is not only about the type and taste of the food but also the other aspect that they need to pay attention the most related to the status of halal food for them who become a Muslim. Halal food are those any kinds of various foods that are allowed to be eaten and drunk as long as it is suit with the provisions of Islamic law. This study uses Theory of Planned Behaviors to find out the best variables in predicting the purchase intention of halal foods in Taiwan specifically for an Indonesian Muslim students in Taiwan. Online questionnaire using Google Forms was used to predict for amount 342 an Indonesian Muslim students participate as the research sampling. This research used SEM PLS analysis using WarpPLS 7.0 software. For the result, Theory of Planned Behavior able to be used as a variable to predict the level of purchase intention in halal foods. The Attitude and Subjective Norm has significant result yet the perceived behavioral control has strongly significant results. The last one is about the religiosity that could be used by examine the purchase intention for halal foods as an intervening or mediating variable for this research.

Non-cognitive skills, such as personality traits, play a vital role in various facets of human life due to their association with individual decision-making. However, personality traits can vary significantly among individuals globally, particularly between males and females. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to analyze the disparities in personality traits between men and women and to investigate how non-cognitive skills influence well-being. The study utilizes nationally representative data from Indonesia, encompassing 17,560 men and 18,825 women. Employing distinct mean t-tests and linear regression estimations, we observe that men tend to exhibit higher levels of openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness in their personalities compared to women. Conversely, women demonstrate a propensity for higher level of extraversion and neuroticism. Moreover, our analysis reveals that male well-being is positively correlated with extraversion, while female well-being is linked to openness and extraversion traits. These findings underscore the significance of considering personality attributes in crafting economic development policies. Presently, policymakers in emerging nations like Indonesia heavily prioritize cognitive skills such as technical training and technological innovation. This study suggests that incorporating residents' non-cognitive talents into policy-making could potentially lead to enhanced achievements and progress.

In the past two years, market information and the distribution of agricultural products have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has limited the distribution of information and the movement of agricultural products. As a result, the COVID-19 pandemic can lead to non-competitive behavior among intermediary traders, especially those operating in concentrated markets. This research aims to analyze the price volatility of horticulture commodity during the pandemic in East Java, Indonesia. The research data was collected through the official website of the Information System for Availability and Price Development of Basic Necessities in East Java (SISKAPERBAPO). The method used to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on horticultural agricultural product prices is ARCH (Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic) and GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity). The volatility results show that the prices of chili and shallots often fluctuate with high and unpredictable variations. However, the fluctuations in the prices of these two commodities are not due to a lack of supply or high demand, but rather due to the characteristics of these commodities, which are perishable and highly dependent on the season of production. The lower the quality, the lower the price will be. The price of shallots is relatively stable compared to chili due to its longer shelf life and less depreciation. The constraint faced by farmers of these two commodities during harvest time is the lack of storage facilities to store their harvest, forcing them to sell all their produce to middlemen or traders, which is one of the causes of the fluctuation of commodity prices.

AbstractThis study examines the psychological determinants influencing farmers’ intentions to adapt to climate change through the lens of Protection Motivation Theory. This study uses cross-sectional data comprising 302 farmers in East Java, Indonesia, analyzed using a structural equation (SEM) model. The findings indicate that perceived risk and adaptation assessment positively impact perceived climate variability but negatively impact maladaptation. Meanwhile, perceived risk and adaptation assessment directly correlate with higher intention for adaptation. Intriguingly, adaptation assessment and perceived risk indirectly impact adaptation intention via perceived climate variability, although this influence is negative. Likewise, maladaptation emerged as a mediator variable, exerting a counteractive indirect impact on adaptation assessment. These findings suggest that farmers with a robust understanding of climate change are more inclined to adapt. Conversely, greater maladaptation diminishes the adaptation intention. This study recommends continuous implementation of adaptation strategies, coupled with more accessibility to climate information and extensions facilitated by governmental bodies. This multifaceted approach will raise awareness regarding climate change impacts, hence improving their adaptive practices.

Although past studies have shown that cooperatives can improve the welfare of rural communities. However, many farmers did not aware about the cooperative advantages. This begs a question as to whether cooperatives really contribute to the rural incomes and economies. This study aims to assess farmers’ perception on cooperative membership and how members have adopted innovative technologies. Data were obtained from a survey with 300 dairy farmers in Malang and Batu, East Java. The data were examined using a descriptive analysis. The results showed that farmers who do not join any cooperatives perceive that the institution is not able to determine the quality of their milk produce. Meanwhile, farmers who are members of a cooperative perceive that the institution can maintain stability of milk produce’s sales prices. This implies that education about cooperatives among farmers needs to be improved so that they can objectively view the benefits of cooperative membership and make informed decision in their economic activities.

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui dampak pekerjaan alternatif sebagai strategi adaptasi perubahan iklim terhadap pendapatan nelayan. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) adalah metode yang digunakan, dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh nilai dari dampak pekerjaan alternatif terhadap pendapatan nelayan tanpa adanya bias dari setiap responden. Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu nelayan kecil di Kecamatan Paiton, Kabupaten Probolinggo. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan alternatif memiliki dampak positif terhadap pendapatan nelayan. dimana nelayan yang melakukan pekerjaan alternatif memiliki pendapatan yang lebih tinggi dibanding nelayan yang tidak melakukan pekerjaan alternatif. Hal ini menyiratkan bahwa perlu adanya pemerataan informasi terhadap seluruh nelayan terkait pentingnya melakukan pekerjaan alternatif.

Transformation of food system in Indonesia can have a profound impact on the supply chain of smallholder farmers. Policymakers are concerned about the impact of “modern food retail penetration” or “supermarket penetration” on Indonesian food chain participants. This study aims to analyze the link between supermarket penetration and smallholder farmers’ welfare. Data were obtained from a survey involving 300 smallholder horticulture farmers from two regencies: Malang and Kediri. The data were analyzed to shed light on these issues. Endogenous switching regression was used to analyze the impact of participation in modern food marketing channel on both food security and welfare. The results of the econometric analysis suggest that there is a link between participation in the modern market and food security. In addition, this study also highlights that the presence of a new system of food supply chain is able to increase smallholder farmers’ income through the stability of price and demand.

Past research has shown that dynamic capabilities (DC) and entrepreneur orientation (EO) can impact business performance. However, there has not been an in-depth examination of the impact of EO and DC on beef cattle farmers’ resilience when dealing with shocks, such as the foot and mouth disease (FMD) outbreak. This study aims to fill the gaps by investigating the influence of DC and EO on farmers’ resilience in dealing with the endemic foot and mouth disease (FMD). The cross-sectional data were collected from 206 beef cattle farmers in East Java, Indonesia, and analyzed using a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings confirm that DC and EO significantly improve farmers’ resilience in facing endemic FMD. The indirect effect shows similar results, where DC significantly impacts farmers’ resilience through EO. Based on the firm size, the finding indicates that EO and DC have a higher impact on micro-farms than small farms. This study suggest developing an entrepreneurship-related policy in livestock farming, especially to maintain farmers’ resilience in dealing with shocks.

Under climate change, maintaining technical efficiency in farming is crucial for smallholder farmers to enhance their yield and productivity; therefore, it is essential to implement climate change adaptation strategies to sustain this technical efficiency. This study investigates the impact of diversifying climate change adaptation strategies on the technical efficiency of 217 potato farmers in East Java, Indonesia. Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) was employed to measure farming technical efficiency, while a two-stage residual inclusion approach (2SRIA) was used to estimate the impact of climate change adaptation on this efficiency. This research identifies six common adaptation strategies: adjusting planting dates, cultivating drought-tolerant varieties, intercropping, altering input usage, conserving land, and improving irrigation systems. The empirical findings reveal a significant positive correlation between diversifying climate change adaptation strategies and enhanced technical efficiency among potato farmers. This suggests that employing more adaptation strategies will significantly improve farmers’ technical efficiency. Analyzing each adaptation strategy, the research highlights the positive impact of adjusting planting dates, adopting drought-tolerant varieties, implementing land conservation, and improving irrigation systems on technical efficiency. By contrast, intercropping and altering input usage adversely affect technical efficiency. This finding implies the need to promote climate change adaptation based on farmers’ specific characteristics.

This study investigated the critical issue of credit access and its implications for climate change adaptation among dairy farmers in East Java, Indonesia. Using survey cross-sectional data from a sample of 70 dairy farmers, this research employs a combination of probit modelling and propensity score matching (PSM) to examine the determinants of credit access and evaluate its impact on climate change adaptation. The findings indicate that credit access is positively and significantly associated with factors such as farming experience, family size, and the number of employed household members. These factors emerge as pivotal determinants shaping farmers' ability to secure credit. The analysis employing PSM further reveals a notable effect of credit access on climate change adaptation. Farmers with access to credit demonstrate a greater propensity to adopt and implement a greater number of climate change adaptation strategies. The positive association between credit access and climate change adaptation underscores the potential role of financial support in enhancing farmers' resilience to environmental challenges. This suggests that facilitating credit access for farmers could significantly contribute to promoting sustainable agricultural practices in the context of climate change. These findings have implications for policymakers, agricultural practitioners, and financial institutions. By leveraging these insights, targeted interventions can be devised to improve credit accessibility for farmers, thereby fostering effective climate change adaptation strategies within the agricultural sector.

The expansion of Internet access from urban to rural and coastal areas has changed all aspects of life, including lifestyles and work practices. Although several studies have shown that Internet use is essential in the fisheries sector, more information about the link between Internet usage and subjective well-being among small-scale fishermen is needed. This study is the first attempt to investigate the effect of Internet use on subjective well-being, particularly for small-scale fishers. This study used cross-sectional data from 220 respondents in East Java, Indonesia. Two-stage predictor substitution (2SPS) approaches were used to address the endogeneity issue in the estimation. The results revealed that fishing tools, access to credit, and region positively and significantly influenced small-scale fishers' determination to use the Internet. Savings and off-farm employment significantly and negatively affect adoption decisions. The main findings suggest that Internet use significantly increases small-scale fishermen's subjective well-being (proxied by happiness and life satisfaction). This suggests that improving the Internet infrastructure in coastal areas is needed to support economic activities in the fisheries sector and boost the well-being of small-scale fishers.

AbstractThe literature on the role of Internet use on subjective well-being has grown over the years. However, evidence on how Internet use affects farmers’ subjective well-being (happiness and life satisfaction) remains scarce. This research fills the gap by analyzing the effects of Internet use on farmers’ subjective well-being. This study provides two essential contributions. First, we provide novel empirical evidence on the association between Internet use and farmers’ subjective well-being. Second, we employ national representative data from Indonesia, consisting of 7221 urban and rural farmers. A two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI) strategy was used to tackle the endogeneity problems in the decisions to use the Internet. The finding indicates that Internet use positively and significantly affects farmers’ happiness and life satisfaction. The disaggregate analysis also reveals that Internet use positively and significantly affects happiness at income quintiles 1 and 3. However, the effect of Internet use on life satisfaction was only significant at the lowest income (farmers’ income quintile 1). Our study suggests developing Internet use in agricultural sectors to boost farmers’ subjective well-being.

AbstractThis study offers novelty by estimating the effect of financial literacy on village-owned enterprises’ (VOEs) performance in Indonesia. The data were collected from a survey using a structured questionnaire involving 220 VOEs. The performance was measured from the profit and return on investment (ROI). A two-stage predictor substitution (2SPS) was applied to address the endogeneity issue in estimating the impact of financial literacy on VOE performance. The first stage uses a Tobit regression, and the second stage uses ordinary least squares (OLS). The results of the first stage indicate that VOEs managers’ financial literacy is positively and significantly influenced by education, incentive, number of employees, and training and is negatively influenced by age, marital status, and distance to the capital city. The main finding evaluated in the second stage of 2SPS indicates that financial literacy significantly improves firm performance. However, further estimation based on the sector (agricultural and non-agricultural) shows different results. The impact of financial literacy is more significant for non-agriculture VOEs. The findings imply that financial literacy should be considered in promoting VOEs performance. Therefore, policymakers and organizations should prioritize designing and implementing financial literacy programs for VOEs’ managers. This can be achieved by providing financial-related training for the managers of VOEs.