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To explore the impact of complex trauma on occupations and daily functioning in childhood through empirical studies and asses the extent and state of available evidence. The five-stage scoping review framework by Arksey and O'Malley and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR: Tricco et al.) were followed. EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Included studies were empirical research published in English up to December 2022, reporting on the impact of complex trauma on daily functioning or occupations in children experiencing such trauma, defined as prolonged exposure to interpersonal trauma arising within the primary caregiving system. Eight studies were included. They reported impacts on personal and instrumental activities of daily living, sleep, education, work, play, leisure, and social participation. Some domains lacked comprehensive investigation, and studies lacked descriptions of specific effects on these areas. The review reveals a lack of robust empirical evidence on the impact of complex trauma on occupations and daily functioning in childhood, with limited depth for comprehensive analysis on the extent of children's occupational life impact. Further research is warranted to address identified gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are medicines for human use that are based on genes, tissues or cells. They offer groundbreaking new opportunities for the treatment of disease and injury. However, ATMP adoption requires adjustments to current clinical practices and frameworks. This study investigates the readiness of the Irish healthcare system to adopt licensed ATMPs. Materials & methods: Scoping review, guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses – scoping review extension. A systematic search of English articles from 2013 to 2023 (published and grey literature) will be conducted. Results: Findings will be presented via narrative summary, graphical and tabular formats. Discussion: Review findings will be discussed in the context of recommendations that will inform national policy and strategy on the adoption of ATMPs in Ireland. Plain Language Summary This study examines whether Ireland's healthcare system is ready to use new kinds of medicines called advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs). These medicines are made from genes, tissues or cells and can be effective in treating certain diseases. However, delivering these medicines might mean changing current practices in clinics and hospitals. A scoping review will examine publications from 2013 to 2023 that focus on this topic. Results will be reported via narrative summary, graphs and tables. A discussion of the findings will be completed to inform recommendations for preparing the Irish healthcare system to deliver ATMPs. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this scoping review. Findings will be disseminated through publication, stakeholder meetings and public engagement. Article highlights Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are medicines for human use that are based on genes, tissues or cells. The Irish healthcare system's readiness for adopting ATMPs is unclear and, to the best of the authors' knowledge, has not been explored previously. A scoping review was chosen as the best way to investigate this topic. This scoping review protocol aims to detail the aims of this scoping review and how it will be structured. The scoping review detailed in this scoping review protocol aims to assess the readiness of the Irish Healthcare system to adopt licensed ATMPs and identify necessary changes required to strategically position the Irish healthcare system for future ATMP adoption. This scoping review will be in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute PRISMA-Scr approach. Both published and grey literature in English from 2013 to 2023 will be considered. The population, concept, context (PCC) framework will dictate eligibility for inclusion to the review. A previously published framework on ATMP adoption will be used to specify the concept of 'institutional readiness'. We anticipate that the results of this review will help identify gaps in current research relating to the adoption of ATMPs within the Irish healthcare system. We anticipate that these results will also inform future national policy relating to the adoption of ATMPs within the Irish healthcare system. Results will be summarized descriptively using a narrative approach and using summary tables. The findings of the research will be submitted to relevant peer-reviewed journals for publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Connecting inactive individuals to local physical activity (PA) and exercise, via intermediaries (professionals who can facilitate and support connections to non-medical services) may be an effective method to tackle physical inactivity. Evidence regarding the processes of intermediaries, the profile of people referred, how connections to local PA and exercise are made and outcomes of these connections is lacking. Methods: This scoping review followed guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Searches of four electronic databases (Embase, Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL) and an extensive grey literature search were conducted from inception to June 2022. Full-text studies which reported on community-dwelling adults (population), and the processes of intermediaries (concept) when connecting to local PA and exercise (context) were considered for inclusion. A logic model was created to map processes to outcomes. Evidence advances and gaps were identified. Results: N = 28 studies were identified. Participants referred to an intermediary were older, female, and with poorer health. Where possible, the processes of referral, assessment, follow-up and discharge by intermediaries were described, as well as the local PA and exercise services used. Short-term PA outcomes appeared positive after working with intermediaries, but many studies were poorly described, and the review was not designed to examine effectiveness of this intervention. Discussion/Conclusion: Many aspects of the processes were poorly described. More robust studies evaluating the processes of intermediaries are needed, as well as further exploration of the optimum processes in improving PA outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a respiratory complication associated with neonatal prematurity, presents opportunities for pharmacological intervention due to its contributing risk factors. Despite diuretics' controversial usage in BPD treatment and varying institutional practices, this review aims to consolidate evidence from clinical trials regarding diuretic use in BPD. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, searching EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science and CINAHL databases (PROSPERO 2022: CRD42022328292). Covidence facilitated screening and data extraction, followed by analysis and formatting in Microsoft Excel. Results: Among 430 screened records, 13 were included for analysis. Three studies assessed spironolactone and chlorothiazide combinations, two studied spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide, while eight examined furosemide. All studies evaluated drug effects on dynamic pulmonary compliance and pulmonary resistance, serving as comparative measures in our review. Conclusion: Diuretics' effectiveness in treating bronchopulmonary dysplasia remains uncertain. The limited number of identified randomised controlled trials (RCTs) hampers high‐level evidence‐based conclusions when applying the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO) approach. Conducting large prospective studies of good quality could provide more definitive insights, but the rarity of outcomes and eligible patients poses challenges. Further research, primarily focusing on RCTs assessing diuretics' safety and efficacy in this population, is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exercise therapy is frequently used for treating patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) however no previous review has evaluated the effect of exercise therapy on pulmonary function in this population. To systematically analyze the literature on the effect of exercise therapy on pulmonary function in patients with AIS. A systematic electronic database search (CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Web of Science) was conducted. Manual searches of key reviews and studies were also conducted. Studies that included exercise-based interventions to improve pulmonary function in patients with AIS and reported pre- and post-intervention pulmonary function test scores were included. Test scores were compared using standardized mean difference (SMD) between intervention and control groups in randomized control trials (RCT) and mean ± SD between pre- and post-intervention in prospective intervention studies (PI). Methodological quality was assessed using a modified Downs and Black checklist. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria (six RCTs and nine PIs). Results indicated the positive effect of exercise-based therapy on lung volumes (FVC/VC) and FEV1 in patients with AIS. Exercise therapy has a positive effect on lung volumes in patients with AIS. The quality of many studies was only 'fair,' therefore more suitably powered higher level clinical trials are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]