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2. An Evaluation of the Performance of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Version 3

Author

Slivinski, L. C., Compo, G. P., Sardeshmukh, P. D., Whitaker, J. S., McColl, C., Allan, R. J., Brohan, P., Yin, X., Smith, C. A., Spencer, L. J., Vose, R. S., Rohrer, M., Conroy, R. P., Schuster, D. C., Kennedy, J. J., Ashcroft, L., Brönnimann, S., Brunet, M., Camuffo, D., Cornes, R., Cram, T. A., Domínguez-Castro, F., Freeman, J. E., Gergis, J., Hawkins, E., Jones, P. D., Kubota, H., Lee, T. C., Lorrey, A. M., Luterbacher, J., Mock, C. J., Przybylak, R. K., Pudmenzky, C., Slonosky, V. C., Tinz, B., Trewin, B., Wang, X. L., Wilkinson, C., Wood, K., and Wyszynski, P.

Published
2021

5. Hazard perceptions and self-reported non-injury occupational ailments among road construction workers in three Middle Zone Regions of Ghana

Author

Yankson, I. K., Okyere, P., Bapula, A., Otupiri, E., Afukaar, F. K., Donkor, P., Owusu-Dabo, E., and Mock, C.

Subjects
road construction workers, health seeking behaviour, Mechanical Engineering, Occupational hazards, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, non-injury occupational ailments, Management Science and Operations Research, hazard perceptions
Abstract

Road construction activities are hazardous. Workers are exposed to hazards with high probability of illness, injury, disability or death. The objective was to determine road workers' perceptions of occupational hazards, ailments experienced and health seeking behaviour. This was an institution-based descriptive cross-sectional study using open-ended questions. A total of 353 road workers from Ashanti, Ahafo and Western North regions reported work-related hazards and ranked the top-3. Workers in each craft/stratum who gave consent were included in the study and interviewed. They also reported work-related ailments and health-seeking behaviour. The workers were primarily young (mean age 32.4 years) and male (97.7%). Most (70.2%) workers were contract/casual staff. 38 hazards were reported, with the top five being dust (91.5% of workers reported this), extreme temperatures (72.0%), noise (40.5%), fumes (21.8%) and vehicles/trucks (21.1%). Most (86.8%) workers reported a work-related ailment, with the most common being cough (41.1%) and headache (18.9%). Most (87.8%) workers with ailments sought treatment of any kind. Road construction workers in these regions of Ghana have good appreciation of hazards at work and the dangers they pose. Works supervisors should encourage workers on PPE use against dust, noise, fumes and good housekeeping. Regular worker-training on hazards is recommended.

Published
2022
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6. Pollen-Based Biomes for Beringia 18,000, 6000 and 0 14 C yr BP

Author

Edwards, M. E., Anderson, P. M., Brubaker, L. B., Ager, T. A., Andreev, A. A., Bigelow, N. H., Cwynar, L. C., Eisner, W. R., Harrison, S. P., Jolly, D., Lozhkin, A. V., MacDonald, G. M., Mock, C. J., Ritchie, J. C., Sher, A. V., Spear, R. W., Williams, J. W., and Yu, G.

Published
2000

8. A historical analog of 2005 Hurricane Vince

Author

Vaquero, J. M., García Herrera, Ricardo, Wheeler, D., Chenoweth, M., Mock, C. J., Vaquero, J. M., García Herrera, Ricardo, Wheeler, D., Chenoweth, M., and Mock, C. J.

Abstract

© 2008 American Meteorological Society. We gratefully acknowledge librarians at historical libraries and societies for help in collecting historical data. We also thank Henry Díaz, Ramón Pérez, and an anonymous reviewer for their comments. The Spanish Ministry of Science and Education provided partial support through Grant MEC.CGL2005-25107-E/CLI. Cary Mock’s contribution is supported by NSF Grant ATM-0502105., This paper documents a rare spell of severe weather in Spain that took place during the mid-nineteenth century when a tropical storm struck the southwest of the country on 29 October 1842. The use of a variety of independent documentary sources has provided unprecedented scope for the analysis of this event, allowing it to be set within its wider context, and for a judgement to be made on its tropical origin. The evidence suggests that this was similar, though stronger, to the more recent Hurricane Vince, which made landfall in Spain on 10 October 2005. This case study not only places Hurricane Vince, suggested at the time to have been unique, in its more proper long-term context, but it also demonstrates how documentary sources can improve our wider understanding of climate dynamics during historical times in the Atlantic basin., Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC), España, National Science Foundation (NSF), EE.UU., Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2023

10. Indicators for the evaluation of musculoskeletal trauma systems: A scoping review and Delphi study.

Author

Dworkin, M., Agarwal-Harding, K. J., Joseph, M., Cahill, G., Konadu-Yeboah, D., Makasa, E., and Mock, C.

Subjects
MEDICAL care, MUSCULOSKELETAL system, TRAUMA registries, COMPOUND fractures, COMPARTMENT syndrome
Abstract

Background: Trauma is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries. Musculoskeletal trauma results in the majority of post-traumatic morbidity and disability globally. The literature has reported many performance indicators relating to trauma care, but few specific to musculoskeletal injuries. Study objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish a practical list of performance indicators to evaluate and monitor the quality and equity of musculoskeletal trauma care delivery in health systems worldwide. Methods: A scoping review was performed that identified performance indicators related to musculoskeletal trauma care. Indicators were organized by phase of care (general, prevention, pre-hospital, hospital, post-hospital) within a modified Donabedian model (structure, process, outcome, equity). A panel of 21 experts representing 45 countries was assembled to identify priority indicators utilizing a modified Delphi approach. Results: The scoping review identified 1,206 articles and 114 underwent full text review. We included 95 articles which reported 498 unique performance indicators. Most indicators related to the hospital phase of care (n = 303, 60%) and structural characteristics (n = 221, 44%). Mortality (n = 50 articles) and presence of trauma registries (n = 16 articles) were the most frequently reported indicators. After 3 rounds of surveys our panel reached consensus on a parsimonious list of priority performance indicators. These focused on access to trauma care; processes and key resources for polytrauma triage, patient stabilization, and hemorrhage control; reduction and immobilization of fractures and dislocations; and management of compartment syndrome and open fractures. Conclusions: The literature has reported many performance indicators relating to trauma care, but few specific to musculoskeletal injuries. To create quality and equitable trauma systems, musculoskeletal care must be incorporated into development plans with continuous monitoring and improvement. The performance indicators identified by our expert panel and organized in a modified Donabedian model can serve as a method for evaluating musculoskeletal trauma care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. Association between age at disease onset of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis and clinical presentation and short-term outcomes

Author

Monti, S., Craven, A., Klersy, C., Montecucco, C., Caporali, R., Watts, R., Merkel, P. A., Luqmani, R., Achilleos, K., Adler, M., Alba, M. A., Albert, D. A., Alibaz-Oner, F., Allcoat, P., Amano, K., Amarasuriya, M., Amudala, N. A., Andrews, J., Archer, A. M., Arimura, Y., Atukorala, I., Azevedo, E., Bajad, S., Baldwin, C., Barra, L. J., Baslund, B., Basu, N., Baykal, M., Berger, C., Berglin, E., Besada, E., Bhardwaj, M., Bischof, A., Blockmans, D., Blood, J., Draibe, J. B., Brand, S., Brandao, M., Bruce, I. N., Butler, A., Calabrese, L. H., Ferrer, D. C., Carette, S., Carmona, D., Ceunen, H., Chakravarty, K., Chapman, P. T., Chocova, Z., Chung, S. A., Ci, W., Cid, M. C., Clark, T. M., Clarkson, M. R., De Jesus Contreras-Rodriguez, F., Conway, R., Cooke, K., Viros, X. C., Cordeiro, A., Costa, A., Culfear, K., Daikeler, T., Danda, D., Das, S. K., Dasgupta, B., De Castro, A. M., Dehghan, N., Devassy, R., Dhindsa, N., Diamantopoulos, A. P., Direskeneli, H., Dobashi, H., Juan, D., Durrani, M., Edelsten, C., Eifert, J., Elhayek, S., Elsideeg, S., Endo, T., Erden, A., Erer, B., Eriksson, P., Erturk, Z., Espigol-Frigole, G., Felicetti, M., Ferraro, A., Ferro, J. M., Fifi-Mah, A., Flores-Suarez, L. F., Flossmann, O., Flynn, D., Fonseca, J. E., Foot, J., Foote, M., Forbess, L., Fujimoto, S., Fukuoka, K., Furtado, C., Furuta, S., Gaffo, A. L., Gallagher, P., Gao, N., Gatenby, P., Gendi, N., Geraldes, R., Gerits, A., Gioffredi, A., Gomples, L., Goncalves, M. J., Gondo, P., Graham, A., Grainger, R., Gray, D. T., Grayson, P. C., Griffiths, L., Guo, Y., Gupta, R., Gylling, M., Hajj-Ali, R. A., Hammam, N., Harigai, M., Hartley, L., Haslett, J., Hassan, A., Hatemi, G., Hellmich, B., Henckaerts, L., Henes, J. C., Hepburn, J., Herd, V., Hess, C., Hill, C., Hinojosa-Azaola, A., Hirahashi, J., Hirano, F., Hocevar, A., Holle, J., Hollinger, N., Homma, S., Howard, T., Hoyles, R. K., Hruskova, Z., Hutcheon, G., Ignacak, M., Igney-Oertel, A., Ikeda, K., Ikegaya, N., Jagadeesh, S., Jaquith, J., Jayne, D. R. W., Jewell, T., Jones, C., Joshi, A., Kalyoncu, U., Kamall, S., Kamath, S., Lai, K. S., Kaname, S., Kanchinadham, S., Karadag, O., Karube, M., Kaszuba, M., Kaur, R., Kawakami, T., Kawashima, S., Khalidi, N., Khan, A., Kikuchi, M., Kilic, L., Kimura, M., King, M. J., Klapa, S., Klocke, R., Kobayashi, T., Kobayashi, S., Komagata, Y., Kronbichler, A., Kuczia, P., Kumar, M. S., Kurosawa, M., Lamprecht, P., Langford, C. A., Lanyon, P., Laversuch, C., Lee, S. J., Leoni, S., Li, J., Liang, K., Liang, P., Liao, H., Lee, L. A., Luqmani, R. A., Lyle, A., Macdonald, M., Mackie, S. L., Madden, L., Magliano, M., Makino, H., Makol, A., Malaiya, R., Malaviya, A., Manthri, R., Maritati, F., Da Silva, A. M., Mason, J. C., Matara, C., Matsui, K., Matteson, E. L., Mcbride, D., Mccullough, K., Mcgeoch, L., Mclaren, J., Mcmillian, C., Mendiratta, N., Menon, A., Merinopoulos, D., Merkel, P., Messier, S., Micheletti, R. G., Mills, K., Milman, N., Minoda, M., Minz, R. W., Mock, C., Mohammad, A. J., Moiseev, S., Moitinho, M., Molloy, E., Monach, P. A., Montgomery, M., Moosig, F., Moradizadeh, M., Morgan, M., Morgan, A. W., Morgan, A. -M., Muir, A., Mukhtyar, C., Muller, A., Muratore, F., Muso, E., Nada, R., Nakajima, H., Nakajima, T., Nakano, H., Nandagudi, A., Neumann, T., Y. F., Ng, K. H., Ng, Nogueira, E. L., Nolkha, N., Nordstrom, D., Novikov, P., Nugaliyadde, A., O'Donnell, J. L., O'Donoghue, J., O'Neill, L., O'Riordan, E., Oatley, M., Okubo, K., Oliva, E., Oshikawa, H., Ota, Y., Padoan, R., Pagnoux, C., Pan, L., Panaritis, K., Park, J. K., Patel, S., Patil, P., Pazzola, G., Peall, A., Pearce, F., Pehlevan, S., Pereira, L., Pettersson, T., Pineau, C. A., Pirila, L., Poglodek, B., Ponte, C., Prieto-Gonzalez, S., Priya, S. R., Purewal, B., Purschke, S., Putaala, J., Quickert, S., Quincey, V., Raghuvanshi, S., Rajasekhar, L., Ranganathan, D., Rathi, M., Rees, D., Rees, F., Renken, U., Restuccia, G., Rhee, R. L., Rice, B., Robins, D., Robson, J., Rodrigues, M., Romao, V. C., Rotar, C., Ruediger, C., Rutgers, A., A. C., Sa, Saavedra, M. J., Sada, K. -E., Sahbudin, I., Salvarani, C., Sandhu, N., Santos, E., Sato, Y., Schafer, V. S., Schiavon, F., Schmidt, W. A., Segelmark, M., Shahin, A., Sharma, A., Shotton, J., Silva, C., Singer, O. G., Sivasuthan, G., Smolen, S., Solanich-Moreno, X., Boixader, L. S., Song, Y. W., Springer, J., Sreih, A. G., Srivastava, R., Stamp, L. K., Stevens, R., Strbian, D., Sugino, K., Sunderkotter, C., Suppiah, R., Suzuki, K., Szekanecz, Z., Sznajd, J., Taimen, K., Tak, P. P., Takeuchi, T., Takizawa, N., Tames, L., Tan, B. E., Tanaka, M., Tang, M. W., Tatlisumak, T., Tesar, V., Thomas, A., Tian, X., Tokunaga, K., Tombetti, E., Tomsic, M., Toz, B., Tsukamoto, T., Uchida, S., Unal, A. U., Urban, M. L., Usui, J., Vaglio, A., Venkatachalam, S., Vermaak, E., Viswanath, V., Wada, T., Wagh, S., Wallace, D. J., Walters, G., Walz, B., Wan, J., Wang, T., Wang, G., Warrington, K. J., Watts, R. A., Wawrzycka-Adamczyk, K., Weeratunga, P., Weisman, M. H., Wickramasinghe, S., Williams, M., Wojcik, K., Woodruff, L., Xenitidis, T., Yamada, H., Yamagata, K., Yee, C. -S., Yoon, M., Yoshida, K., Yoshifuji, H., Ytterberg, S. R., Yumura, W., Zayed, H., Zeng, X., Zhao, M. -H., Zugaj, A., Zuk, J., İç Hastalıkları, Clinical Haematology, and Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR)

Subjects
Male, Outcome, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, 030232 urology & nephrology, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, 80 and over, Pharmacology (medical), Age of Onset, Young adult, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, age, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, outcome, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Morbidity, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Survival Rate, United Kingdom, Young Adult, Vasculitis, Systemic vasculitis, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis, Antibodies, 03 medical and health sciences, Rheumatology, Internal medicine, medicine, education, Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis, Survival rate, Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Age of onset, business
Abstract

Objectives ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) can affect all age groups. We aimed to show that differences in disease presentation and 6 month outcome between younger- and older-onset patients are still incompletely understood. Methods We included patients enrolled in the Diagnostic and Classification Criteria for Primary Systemic Vasculitis (DCVAS) study between October 2010 and January 2017 with a diagnosis of AAV. We divided the population according to age at diagnosis: Results A total of 1338 patients with AAV were included: 66% had disease onset at Conclusion Within 6 months of diagnosis of AAV, patients >65 years of age display a different pattern of organ involvement and an increased risk of significant damage and mortality compared with younger patients.

Published
2021
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23. In Search of Durable Sandphobic Thermal/Environmental Barrier Coatings for Rotorcraft Gas Turbine Engines

Author

Murugan, M., Ghoshal, A., Walock, M., Bravo, L., Rahul Babu Koneru, Jain, N., Mock, C., Pepi, M., Nieto, A., Flatau, A., Sampath, S., Dorfman, M., and Naval Postgraduate School

Subjects
Materials and Structural Mechanics, Material Properties, Aircraft Design, Aeronautics, Aircrafts, Non-Combat Aircraft, Aircraft Operations and Technology, Alloys, Military Aviation, Mechanical Properties, Military Aircraft, Rotorcrafts, Aviation, Helicopters, Materials
Abstract

AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum The article of record as published may be found at https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-0874 The objective of this research is to develop new thermal/environmental barrier coatings (T/EBCs) that exhibit greater durability and CMAS (Calcia-Magnesia-Alumino-Silicates) resistance than any of the current state-of-the-art rotorcraft turbine engine coatings. Commercial/Military aircraft engines, especially helicopter engines undergo severe damage to critical components when they need to operate over sandy terrains or volcanic zones. Typical high pressure turbine vanes/blades with current coatings undergo damages that include blade coating wear, sand glazing, Calcia-Magnesia-Alumina-Silicates (CMAS) attack, oxidation, plugged cooling holes, all of which can cause rapid engine performance loss and in severe cases ending up in loss of aircraft. Design of novel T/EBCs for high temperature operation is presented in this paper based on ongoing work in understanding the fundamental governing parameters affecting CMAS adhesion, build-up, and chemical attack. The paper intends to report specific objectives and findings obtained thus far from an ambitious T/EBC research program funded by OSD’s Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). Systematic sand-phobic development research efforts and methodologies from modeling to engine relevant high-temperature environmental test evaluations are described in this paper to innovate improved T/EBCs for both Ni-superalloy based substrates and emerging SiC-SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) based substrates. This research was performed while the author held an NRC Research Associateship award at Field Robotics Laboratory, Naval Postgraduate SchooThe authors acknowledge the support from received from DoD’s Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) for this research. The research reported in this document is being performed in connection with contract/instrument W911QX-16-D-0014 with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. The authors are thankful to Dr. Robin Nissan (SERDP Program Manager) and Mr. Braxton Lewis (Principal Scientist, SERDP) for their support to this SERDP project# WP20-1281.

Published
2021
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24. An evaluation of the performance of the 20th Century Reanalysis version 3

Author

Slivinski, L. C., Compo, G. P., Sardeshmukh, P. D., Whitaker, J. S., McColl, C., Allan, R. J., Brohan, P., Yin, X., Smith, C. A., Spencer, L. J., Vose, R. S., Rohrer, M., Conroy, R. P., Schuster, D. C., Kennedy, J. J., Ashcroft, L., Brönnimann, S., Brunet, M., Camuffo, D., Cornes, R., Cram, T. A., Domínguez-Castro, F., Freeman, J. E., Gergis, J., Hawkins, E., Jones, P. D., Kubota, H., Lee, T. C., Lorrey, A. M., Luterbacher, J., Mock, C. J., Przybylak, R. K., Pudmenzky, C., Slonosky, V. C., Tinz, B., Trewin, B., Wang, X. L., Wilkinson, C., Wood, K., Wyszyński, P., Slivinski, L. C., Compo, G. P., Sardeshmukh, P. D., Whitaker, J. S., McColl, C., Allan, R. J., Brohan, P., Yin, X., Smith, C. A., Spencer, L. J., Vose, R. S., Rohrer, M., Conroy, R. P., Schuster, D. C., Kennedy, J. J., Ashcroft, L., Brönnimann, S., Brunet, M., Camuffo, D., Cornes, R., Cram, T. A., Domínguez-Castro, F., Freeman, J. E., Gergis, J., Hawkins, E., Jones, P. D., Kubota, H., Lee, T. C., Lorrey, A. M., Luterbacher, J., Mock, C. J., Przybylak, R. K., Pudmenzky, C., Slonosky, V. C., Tinz, B., Trewin, B., Wang, X. L., Wilkinson, C., Wood, K., and Wyszyński, P.

Abstract

The performance of a new historical reanalysis, the NOAA-CIRES-DOE 20th Century Reanalysis Version 3 (20CRv3), is evaluated via comparisons with other reanalyses and independent observations. This dataset provides global, 3-hourly estimates of the atmosphere from 1806 to 2015 by assimilating only surface pressure observations and prescribing sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration, and radiative forcings. Comparisons with independent observations, other reanalyses, and satellite products suggest that 20CRv3 can reliably produce atmospheric estimates on scales ranging from weather events to long-term climatic trends. Not only does 20CRv3 recreate a “best estimate” of the weather, including extreme events, it also provides an estimate of its confidence through the use of an ensemble. Surface pressure statistics suggest that these confidence estimates are reliable. Comparisons with independent upper-air observations in the Northern Hemisphere demonstrate that 20CRv3 has skill throughout the 20th century. Upper-air fields from 20CRv3 in the late 20th century and early 21st century correlate well with full-input reanalyses, and the correlation is predicted by the confidence fields from 20CRv3. The skill of analyzed 500hPa geopotential heights from 20CRv3 for 1979-2015 is comparable to that of modern operational 3- to 4-day forecasts. Finally, 20CRv3 performs well on climate timescales. Long time series and multidecadal averages of mass, circulation, and precipitation fields agree well with modern reanalyses and station- and satellite-based products. 20CRv3 is also able to capture trends in tropospheric layer temperatures that correlate well with independent products in the 20th century, placing recent trends in a longer historical context.

Published
2021

25. An Evaluation of the Performance of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Version 3

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Slivinski, L. C.; Compo, G. P.; Sardeshmukh, P. D.; Whitaker, J. S.; McColl, C.; Allan, R. J.; Brohan, P.; Yin, X.; Smith, C. A.; Spencer, L. J.; Vose, R. S.; Rohrer, M.; Conroy, R. P.; Schuster, D. C.; Kennedy, J. J.; Ashcroft, L.; Broennimann, S.; Brunet, M.; Camuffo, D.; Cornes, R.; Cram, T. A.; Dominguez-Castro, F.; Freeman, J. E.; Gergis, J.; Hawkins, E.; Jones, P. D.; Kubota, H.; Lee, T. C.; Lorrey, A. M.; Luterbacher, J.; Mock, C. J.; Przybylak, R. K.; Pudmenzky, C.; Slonosky, V. C.; Tinz, B.; Trewin, B.; Wang, X. L.; Wilkinson, C.; Wood, K., Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Slivinski, L. C.; Compo, G. P.; Sardeshmukh, P. D.; Whitaker, J. S.; McColl, C.; Allan, R. J.; Brohan, P.; Yin, X.; Smith, C. A.; Spencer, L. J.; Vose, R. S.; Rohrer, M.; Conroy, R. P.; Schuster, D. C.; Kennedy, J. J.; Ashcroft, L.; Broennimann, S.; Brunet, M.; Camuffo, D.; Cornes, R.; Cram, T. A.; Dominguez-Castro, F.; Freeman, J. E.; Gergis, J.; Hawkins, E.; Jones, P. D.; Kubota, H.; Lee, T. C.; Lorrey, A. M.; Luterbacher, J.; Mock, C. J.; Przybylak, R. K.; Pudmenzky, C.; Slonosky, V. C.; Tinz, B.; Trewin, B.; Wang, X. L.; Wilkinson, C.; Wood, K.

Abstract

The performance of a new historical reanalysis, the NOAA-CIRES-DOE Twentieth Century Reanalysis version 3 (20CRv3), is evaluated via comparisons with other reanalyses and independent observations. This dataset provides global, 3-hourly estimates of the atmosphere from 1806 to 2015 by assimilating only surface pressure observations and prescribing sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration, and radiative forcings. Comparisons with independent observations, other reanalyses, and satellite products suggest that 20CRv3 can reliably produce atmospheric estimates on scales ranging from weather events to long-term climatic trends. Not only does 20CRv3 recreate a best estimate of the weather, including extreme events, it also provides an estimate of its confidence through the use of an ensemble. Surface pressure statistics suggest that these confidence estimates are reliable. Comparisons with independent upper-air observations in the Northern Hemisphere demonstrate that 20CRv3 has skill throughout the twentieth century. Upper-air fields from 20CRv3 in the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century correlate well with full-input reanalyses, and the correlation is predicted by the confidence fields from 20CRv3. The skill of analyzed 500-hPa geopotential heights from 20CRv3 for 1979-2015 is comparable to that of modern operational 3-4-day forecasts. Finally, 20CRv3 performs well on climate time scales. Long time series and multidecadal averages of mass, circulation, and precipitation fields agree well with modern reanalyses and station- and satellite-based products. 20CRv3 is also able to capture trends in tropospheric-layer temperatures that correlate well with independent products in the twentieth century, placing recent trends in a longer historical context.

Published
2021

33. An evaluation of the performance of the 20th Century Reanalysis version 3

Author

Slivinski, L. C., Compo, G. P., Sardeshmukh, P. D., Whitaker, J. S., McColl, C., Allan, R. J., Brohan, P., Yin, X., Smith, C. A., Spencer, L. J., Vose, R. S., Rohrer, M., Conroy, R. P., Schuster, D. C., Kennedy, J. J., Ashcroft, L., Brönnimann, S., Brunet, M., Camuffo, D., Cornes, R., Cram, T. A., Domínguez-Castro, F., Freeman, J. E., Gergis, J., Hawkins, E., Jones, P. D., Kubota, H., Lee, T. C., Lorrey, A. M., Luterbacher, J., Mock, C. J., Przybylak, R. K., Pudmenzky, C., Slonosky, V. C., Tinz, B., Trewin, B., Wang, X. L., Wilkinson, C., Wood, K., and Wyszyński, P.

Subjects
910 Geography & travel
Abstract

The performance of a new historical reanalysis, the NOAA-CIRES-DOE 20th Century Reanalysis Version 3 (20CRv3), is evaluated via comparisons with other reanalyses and independent observations. This dataset provides global, 3-hourly estimates of the atmosphere from 1806 to 2015 by assimilating only surface pressure observations and prescribing sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration, and radiative forcings. Comparisons with independent observations, other reanalyses, and satellite products suggest that 20CRv3 can reliably produce atmospheric estimates on scales ranging from weather events to long-term climatic trends. Not only does 20CRv3 recreate a “best estimate” of the weather, including extreme events, it also provides an estimate of its confidence through the use of an ensemble. Surface pressure statistics suggest that these confidence estimates are reliable. Comparisons with independent upper-air observations in the Northern Hemisphere demonstrate that 20CRv3 has skill throughout the 20th century. Upper-air fields from 20CRv3 in the late 20th century and early 21st century correlate well with full-input reanalyses, and the correlation is predicted by the confidence fields from 20CRv3. The skill of analyzed 500hPa geopotential heights from 20CRv3 for 1979-2015 is comparable to that of modern operational 3- to 4-day forecasts. Finally, 20CRv3 performs well on climate timescales. Long time series and multidecadal averages of mass, circulation, and precipitation fields agree well with modern reanalyses and station- and satellite-based products. 20CRv3 is also able to capture trends in tropospheric layer temperatures that correlate well with independent products in the 20th century, placing recent trends in a longer historical context.

Published
2020
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48. Towards a more reliable historical reanalysis: Improvements for version 3 of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis system

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Slivinski L, Compo G, Whitaker J, Sardeshmukh P, Giese B, McColl C, Allan R, Yin X, Vose R, Titchner H, Kennedy J, Spencer L, Ashcroft L, Brönnimann S, Brunet M, Camuffo D, Cornes R, Cram T, Crouthamel R, Domínguez-Castro F, Freeman J, Gergis J, Hawkins E, Jones P, Jourdain S, Kaplan A, Kubota H, Blancq F, Lee T, Lorrey A, Luterbacher J, Maugeri M, Mock C, Moore G, Przybylak R, Pudmenzky C, Reason C, Slonosky V, Smith C, Tinz B, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Slivinski L, Compo G, Whitaker J, Sardeshmukh P, Giese B, McColl C, Allan R, Yin X, Vose R, Titchner H, Kennedy J, Spencer L, Ashcroft L, Brönnimann S, Brunet M, Camuffo D, Cornes R, Cram T, Crouthamel R, Domínguez-Castro F, Freeman J, Gergis J, Hawkins E, Jones P, Jourdain S, Kaplan A, Kubota H, Blancq F, Lee T, Lorrey A, Luterbacher J, Maugeri M, Mock C, Moore G, Przybylak R, Pudmenzky C, Reason C, Slonosky V, Smith C, Tinz B

Published
2019

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