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5. Sustainability in Construction Materials: From Waste Valorization to Circular Economy

Author

Ruello, Maria Letizia, Bellezze, Tiziano, Corinaldesi, Valeria, Donnini, Jacopo, Eusebi, Anna Laura, Fatone, Francesco, Fava, Gabriele, Favoni, Orlando, Fratesi, Romeo, Giosué, Chiara, Giuliani, Giampaolo, Marcellini, Mirco, Mazzoli, Alida, Mobili, Alessandra, Roventi, Gabriella, Tittarelli, Francesca, Longhi, Sauro, editor, Monteriù, Andrea, editor, Freddi, Alessandro, editor, Frontoni, Emanuele, editor, Germani, Michele, editor, and Revel, Gian Marco, editor

Published
2019
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10. Rehabilitation project of Quang Tri Old Citadel in Vietnam: integrated analytical approach from material characterization to architectural heritage valorization.

Author

Carlorosi, Cecilia, Giosuè, Chiara, Le Ngoc, Van Anh, Mobili, Alessandra, Nguyen Vu Trong, Thi, Nguyen Huu Long, Phung, Pugnaloni, Fausto, and Tittarelli, Francesca

Abstract

Purpose: This paper presents the outcomes of the international project "Protecting Landscape Heritage: a requalification project as an instrument for the re-birth of Quang Tri Old Citadel in Vietnam", achieved with scientific cooperation between the Università Politecnica delle Marche (Italy) and Hue University of Sciences (Vietnam) funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation and Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam. The research focuses on the Quang Tri Citadel, founded in 1809 and now in an advanced state of degradation. Design/methodology/approach: For the purpose of rehabilitation, the wide multidisciplinary project first examined the historical context of the military model, the architectural aspects of the structure, the characterization of the existing materials, the degradation levels of different parts, and, finally, a proposal of the suggested interventions. Findings: The original structure and geometry were extrapolated and studied. Building materials were produced with nearby raw materials. Firing temperatures of bricks ranged from 800 to 1,000 °C, hydraulic lime was supposed the binder of the mortar with a calcination temperature lower than 1,000 °C. Damage assessment was provided and after these analyses a requalification project was proposed so the cultural heritage can play a role for the future in the dialog between different cultures. Originality/value: The requalification project achieved by an integrated analytical approach defines aspects in relation to the restoration of the structures, enabling compliance with the geometry, techniques, building materials used in the original construction and allowing its guardianship and management to align with the historical context of the architectural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. New Materials and Technologies for Durability and Conservation of Building Heritage

Author

Coppola, Luigi, primary, Bellezze, Tiziano, additional, Belli, Alberto, additional, Bianco, Alessandra, additional, Blasi, Elisa, additional, Cappello, Miriam, additional, Caputo, Domenico, additional, Chougan, Mehdi, additional, Coffetti, Denny, additional, Coppola, Bartolomeo, additional, Corinaldesi, Valeria, additional, D’Amore, Alberto, additional, Daniele, Valeria, additional, Di Maio, Luciano, additional, Di Palma, Luca, additional, Donnini, Jacopo, additional, Ferrara, Giuseppe, additional, Filippi, Sara, additional, Gastaldi, Matteo, additional, Generosi, Nicola, additional, Giosuè, Chiara, additional, Incarnato, Loredana, additional, Lamastra, Francesca, additional, Liguori, Barbara, additional, Macera, Ludovico, additional, Maqbool, Qaisar, additional, Mascolo, Maria Cristina, additional, Mavilia, Letterio, additional, Mazzoli, Alida, additional, Medici, Franco, additional, Mobili, Alessandra, additional, Montesperelli, Giampiero, additional, Pia, Giorgio, additional, Redaelli, Elena, additional, Ruello, Maria Letizia, additional, Scarfato, Paola, additional, Taglieri, Giuliana, additional, Tittarelli, Francesca, additional, Tulliani, Jean-Marc, additional, and Valenza, Antonino, additional

Published
2023
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12. Innovative hydraulic lime-based finishes with unconventional aggregates and TiO2 for the improvement of indoor air quality

Author

Giosuè Chiara, Mobili Alessandra, Citterio Barbara, Biavasco Francesca, Ruello Maria Letizia, and Tittarelli Francesca

Subjects
indoor air quality, mortar, adsorbent aggregates, titanium dioxide tio2, mechanical properties, microstructure, hygroscopic behavior, inhibition of moulds, depollution properties, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Technology (General), T1-995, Manufactures, TS1-2301
Abstract

This paper reports a study on 8 unconventional hydraulic lime-based mortars able to improve indoor air quality by acting as passive systems. Mortars have been prepared with commercial sand or highly adsorbent materials as aggregates with/without TiO2 as photocatalytic agent, to test also the decomposition of airborne pollutants. Mechanical properties, hygrometric behavior, inhibition of growth of molds and depollution properties have been tested. Despite using porous materials (zeolite and activated carbon), in mortars with unconventional aggregates, compressive strength is higher than in sand-based ones, with a more than double higher water vapor permeability. Zeolite-based mortars have the highest moisture buffering capacity followed by silica gel- and activated carbon-based mortars (1.5–2 times higher than reference, respectively, because of the high porosity of unconventional aggregates). Sand-based mortars show optimum inhibitory capacity against fungal growth. Concerning unconventional aggregates, silica gel mortars have good inhibitory capacity, whereas zeolite and activated carbon give to mortars an optimum substrate for molds. Mortars with unconventional aggregates as silica gel remove more than 80% of tracer pollutant after 2 h of test, whereas zeolite-based mortars remove the 65% of it after 120 min. TiO2 enhances depollution properties as photocatalytic oxidation agent when the mortar is close to saturation.

Published
2020
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26. Gasification Char and Used Foundry Sand as Alternative Fillers to Graphene Nanoplatelets for Electrically Conductive Mortars with and without Virgin/Recycled Carbon Fibres.

Author

Mobili, Alessandra, Giosuè, Chiara, Bellezze, Tiziano, Revel, Gian Marco, and Tittarelli, Francesca

Subjects
FOUNDRY sand, MORTAR, FIBERS, NANOPARTICLES, STRUCTURAL health monitoring, CHAR
Abstract

Featured Application: Electrically conductive low-cost fillers/fibres can be added to mortars/concretes to manufacture self-sensing structural elements. Structural health monitoring to assess the safety, durability and performance of structures can be performed by non-destructive methods such as the measurement of impedance in self-sensing cement-based elements. Cement-based materials, like mortars and concretes, generally have high electrical resistivity but the addition of carbon-based fillers and fibres decreases their electrical resistivity and thus enhances their self-sensing capabilities. In this study, two waste carbon-based fillers, namely, used foundry sand and gasification char were compared to commercial graphene nanoplatelets and used to produce self-sensing cement mortars, both with and without recycled or virgin carbon fibres. The mortars were tested in terms of their mechanical and electrical properties as well as their propensity to capillary water absorption. The results demonstrate that gasification char alone is the best carbonaceous waste for decreasing the electrical resistivity (−42%) and water absorption (−17%) of mortars, while their compressive strength remains unaltered. Moreover, although there is a slight reduction in compressive strength and an increase in water suction when gasification char is coupled with fibres, the combination of fillers and fibres has a synergistic effect in decreasing mortars' electrical resistivity, especially when recycled carbon fibres are used (−80%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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28. Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction – Part 2

Author

Coppola, Luigi, primary, Bellezze, Tiziano, additional, Belli, Alberto, additional, Bignozzi, Maria C, additional, Bolzoni, Fabio, additional, Brenna, Andrea, additional, Cabrini, Marina, additional, Candamano, Sebastiano, additional, Cappai, Marta, additional, Caputo, Domenico, additional, Carsana, Maddalena, additional, Casnedi, Ludovica, additional, Cioffi, Raffaele, additional, Cocco, Ombretta, additional, Coffetti, Denny, additional, Colangelo, Francesco, additional, Coppola, Bartolomeo, additional, Corinaldesi, Valeria, additional, Crea, Fortunato, additional, Crotti, Elena, additional, Daniele, Valeria, additional, De Gisi, Sabino, additional, Delogu, Francesco, additional, Diamanti, Maria V, additional, Di Maio, Luciano, additional, Di Mundo, Rosa, additional, Di Palma, Luca, additional, Donnini, Jacopo, additional, Farina, Ilenia, additional, Ferone, Claudio, additional, Frontera, Patrizia, additional, Gastaldi, Matteo, additional, Giosuè, Chiara, additional, Incarnato, Loredana, additional, Liguori, Barbara, additional, Lollini, Federica, additional, Lorenzi, Sergio, additional, Manzi, Stefania, additional, Marino, Ottavio, additional, Marroccoli, Milena, additional, Mascolo, Maria C, additional, Mavilia, Letterio, additional, Mazzoli, Alida, additional, Medici, Franco, additional, Meloni, Paola, additional, Merlonetti, Glauco, additional, Mobili, Alessandra, additional, Notarnicola, Michele, additional, Ormellese, Marco, additional, Pastore, Tommaso, additional, Pedeferri, Maria Pia, additional, Petrella, Andrea, additional, Pia, Giorgio, additional, Redaelli, Elena, additional, Roviello, Giuseppina, additional, Scarfato, Paola, additional, Scoccia, Giancarlo, additional, Taglieri, Giuliana, additional, Telesca, Antonio, additional, Tittarelli, Francesca, additional, Todaro, Francesco, additional, Vilardi, Giorgio, additional, and Yang, Fan, additional

Published
2018
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29. Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction—part 1

Author

Coppola, Luigi, primary, Bellezze, Tiziano, additional, Belli, Alberto, additional, Bignozzi, Maria Chiara, additional, Bolzoni, Fabio, additional, Brenna, Andrea, additional, Cabrini, Marina, additional, Candamano, Sebastiano, additional, Cappai, Marta, additional, Caputo, Domenico, additional, Carsana, Maddalena, additional, Casnedi, Ludovica, additional, Cioffi, Raffaele, additional, Cocco, Ombretta, additional, Coffetti, Denny, additional, Colangelo, Francesco, additional, Coppola, Bartolomeo, additional, Corinaldesi, Valeria, additional, Crea, Fortunato, additional, Crotti, Elena, additional, Daniele, Valeria, additional, De Gisi, Sabino, additional, Delogu, Francesco, additional, Diamanti, Maria Vittoria, additional, Di Maio, Luciano, additional, Di Mundo, Rosa, additional, Di Palma, Luca, additional, Donnini, Jacopo, additional, Farina, Ilenia, additional, Ferone, Claudio, additional, Frontera, Patrizia, additional, Gastaldi, Matteo, additional, Giosuè, Chiara, additional, Incarnato, Loredana, additional, Liguori, Barbara, additional, Lollini, Federica, additional, Lorenzi, Sergio, additional, Manzi, Stefania, additional, Marino, Ottavio, additional, Marroccoli, Milena, additional, Mascolo, Maria Cristina, additional, Mavilia, Letterio, additional, Mazzoli, Alida, additional, Medici, Franco, additional, Meloni, Paola, additional, Merlonetti, Glauco, additional, Mobili, Alessandra, additional, Notarnicola, Michele, additional, Ormellese, Marco, additional, Pastore, Tommaso, additional, Pedeferri, Maria Pia, additional, Petrella, Andrea, additional, Pia, Giorgio, additional, Redaelli, Elena, additional, Roviello, Giuseppina, additional, Scarfato, Paola, additional, Scoccia, Giancarlo, additional, Taglieri, Giuliana, additional, Telesca, Antonio, additional, Tittarelli, Francesca, additional, Todaro, Francesco, additional, Vilardi, Giorgio, additional, and Yang, Fan, additional

Published
2018
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40. Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement and Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer as Sustainable Binders for Mortars.

Author

Telesca, Antonio, Mobili, Alessandra, Tittarelli, Francesca, and Marroccoli, Milena

Subjects
SULFOALUMINATE cement, BINDING agents, POTASSIUM hydroxide, X-ray diffraction, COMPRESSIVE strength
Abstract

This work investigates the hydration behaviour and the physico-mechanical properties of mortars based on calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements and fly ash-based geopolymers (GEO) as alternatives to ordinary Portland cement. According to the EN 1504-3, mortars were prepared in order to reach three compressive strength classes, namely R1, R2 and R3 (R1 with Rc. 10 MPa, R2 with Rc. 15 MPa and R3 with Rc. 25 MPa). CSA mortars were prepared by using sulfoaluminate cement alone (R3) or in mixture with a limestone filler (R1 and R2); GEO mortars were manufactured by alkali-activation of coal fly ash and calcium aluminate cement with a sodium silicate and potassium hydroxide water solution. The hydration behaviour was evaluated on pastes submitted to differential thermal-thermogravimetric and X-ray diffraction analyses. Mortars was analysed through mercury intrusion porosimetry; their mechanical properties were evaluated in terms of compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity. Furthermore, capillary water absorption and drying shrinkage tests were carried out in order to evaluate their durability. Due to the rapid ettringite formation, CSA-based mixtures reached their maximum compressive strength values faster than the corresponding GEO mortars. Results showed that the lower modulus of elasticity of GEO mortars causes the higher drying shrinkage. Moreover, the lower porosity exhibited by GEO mortars was responsible for the lower water capillary absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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44. New Materials and Technologies for Durability and Conservation of Building Heritage

Author

Luigi Coppola, Tiziano Bellezze, Alberto Belli, Alessandra Bianco, Elisa Blasi, Miriam Cappello, Domenico Caputo, Mehdi Chougan, Denny Coffetti, Bartolomeo Coppola, Valeria Corinaldesi, Alberto D’Amore, Valeria Daniele, Luciano Di Maio, Luca Di Palma, Jacopo Donnini, Giuseppe Ferrara, Sara Filippi, Matteo Gastaldi, Nicola Generosi, Chiara Giosuè, Loredana Incarnato, Francesca Lamastra, Barbara Liguori, Ludovico Macera, Qaisar Maqbool, Maria Cristina Mascolo, Letterio Mavilia, Alida Mazzoli, Franco Medici, Alessandra Mobili, Giampiero Montesperelli, Giorgio Pia, Elena Redaelli, Maria Letizia Ruello, Paola Scarfato, Giuliana Taglieri, Francesca Tittarelli, Jean-Marc Tulliani, Antonino Valenza, Coppola, Luigi, Bellezze, Tiziano, Belli, Alberto, Bianco, Alessandra, Blasi, Elisa, Cappello, Miriam, Caputo, Domenico, Chougan, Mehdi, Coffetti, Denny, Coppola, Bartolomeo, Corinaldesi, Valeria, D'Amore, Alberto, Daniele, Valeria, Di Maio, Luciano, Di Palma, Luca, Donnini, Jacopo, Ferrara, Giuseppe, Filippi, Sara, Gastaldi, Matteo, Generosi, Nicola, Giosuè, Chiara, Incarnato, Loredana, Lamastra, Francesca, Liguori, Barbara, Macera, Ludovico, Maqbool, Qaisar, Cristina Mascolo, Maria, Mavilia, Letterio, Mazzoli, Alida, Medici, Franco, Mobili, Alessandra, Montesperelli, Giampiero, Pia, Giorgio, Redaelli, Elena, Letizia Ruello, Maria, Scarfato, Paola, Taglieri, Giuliana, Tittarelli, Francesca, Tulliani, Jean-Marc, and Valenza, Antonino

Subjects
durability, concrete structures, sustainability, new materials, Settore ING-IND/22 - Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, new material, concrete structures, durability, General Materials Science, new materials, sustainability, Concrete structures, concrete structure
Abstract

The increase in concrete structures’ durability is a milestone to improve the sustainability of buildings and infrastructures. In order to ensure a prolonged service life, it is necessary to detect the deterioration of materials by means of monitoring systems aimed at evaluating not only the penetration of aggressive substances into concrete but also the corrosion of carbon-steel reinforcement. Therefore, proper data collection makes it possible to plan suitable restoration works which can be carried out with traditional or innovative techniques and materials. This work focuses on building heritage and it highlights the most recent findings for the conservation and restoration of reinforced concrete structures and masonry buildings.

Published
2023

45. Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction – Part 2

Author

Letterio Mavilia, Franco Medici, Francesco Todaro, Andrea Brenna, Luigi Coppola, Matteo Maria Gastaldi, Tiziano Bellezze, Alberto Belli, Giorgio Vilardi, Valeria Corinaldesi, Milena Marroccoli, Denny Coffetti, Domenico Caputo, Fan Yang, Giorgio Pia, Valeria Daniele, Andrea Petrella, Marco Ormellese, Ilenia Farina, Maria Cristina Mascolo, Luciano Di Maio, Alida Mazzoli, Marta Cappai, Sebastiano Candamano, Ludovica Casnedi, Ottavio Marino, Marina Cabrini, Glauco Merlonetti, Elena Redaelli, Francesco Colangelo, Francesco Delogu, Bartolomeo Coppola, Paola Scarfato, Raffaele Cioffi, Stefania Manzi, Fabio Maria Bolzoni, MariaPia Pedeferri, Loredana Incarnato, Barbara Liguori, Ombretta Cocco, Maddalena Carsana, Francesca Tittarelli, Tommaso Pastore, Giuliana Taglieri, Michele Notarnicola, Giuseppina Roviello, Paola Meloni, G Scoccia, Fortunato Crea, Sergio Lorenzi, Jacopo Donnini, Alessandra Mobili, Antonio Telesca, Elena Crotti, Sabino De Gisi, Maria Vittoria Diamanti, Maria Chiara Bignozzi, Rosa Di Mundo, Claudio Ferone, Patrizia Frontera, Federica Lollini, Chiara Giosuè, Luca Di Palma, Coppola, Luigi, Bellezze, Tiziano, Belli, Alberto, Bignozzi, Maria C, Bolzoni, Fabio, Brenna, Andrea, Cabrini, Marina, Candamano, Sebastiano, Cappai, Marta, Caputo, Domenico, Carsana, Maddalena, Casnedi, Ludovica, Cioffi, Raffaele, Cocco, Ombretta, Coffetti, Denny, Colangelo, Francesco, Coppola, Bartolomeo, Corinaldesi, Valeria, Crea, Fortunato, Crotti, Elena, Daniele, Valeria, De Gisi, Sabino, Delogu, Francesco, Diamanti, Maria V, Di Maio, Luciano, Di Mundo, Rosa, Di Palma, Luca, Donnini, Jacopo, Farina, Ilenia, Ferone, Claudio, Frontera, Patrizia, Gastaldi, Matteo, Giosuè, Chiara, Incarnato, Loredana, Liguori, Barbara, Lollini, Federica, Lorenzi, Sergio, Manzi, Stefania, Marino, Ottavio, Marroccoli, Milena, Mascolo, Maria C, Mavilia, Letterio, Mazzoli, Alida, Medici, Franco, Meloni, Paola, Merlonetti, Glauco, Mobili, Alessandra, Notarnicola, Michele, Ormellese, Marco, Pastore, Tommaso, Pedeferri, Maria Pia, Petrella, Andrea, Pia, Giorgio, Redaelli, Elena, Roviello, Giuseppina, Scarfato, Paola, Scoccia, Giancarlo, Taglieri, Giuliana, Telesca, Antonio, Tittarelli, Francesca, Todaro, Francesco, Vilardi, Giorgio, and Yang, Fan

Subjects
Engineering, Settore ING-IND/22 - Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, traditional binder, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Biophysics, Biomedical Engineering, construction materials, Portland-free binders, Sustainability, traditional binders, waste management, Bioengineering, Biomaterials, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, law.invention, law, 021105 building & construction, Production (economics), Recycling, Lime, Waste management, business.industry, Green Chemistry Technology, Oxides, General Medicine, construction material, Calcium Compounds, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Silicon Dioxide, Natural resource, Biomaterial, Portland-free binder, Cultural heritage, Portland cement, Sustainable construction, Biophysic, Sustainability, waste management, traditional binders, Portland-free binders, construction materials, Clay, Rubber, Waste Management, Construction Materials, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

The paper represents the “state of the art” on sustainability in construction materials. In Part 1 of the paper, issues related to production, microstructures, chemical nature, engineering properties, and durability of mixtures based on binders alternative to Portland cement were presented. This second part of the paper concerns the use of traditional and innovative Portland-free lime-based mortars in the conservation of cultural heritage, and the recycling and management of wastes to reduce consumption of natural resources in the production of construction materials. The latter is one of the main concerns in terms of sustainability since nowadays more than 75% of wastes are disposed of in landfills.

Published
2018

46. Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction—part 1

Author

Marco Ormellese, Andrea Brenna, Rosa Di Mundo, Chiara Giosuè, Luca Di Palma, Bartolomeo Coppola, Luigi Coppola, Denny Coffetti, G Scoccia, Paola Scarfato, Letterio Mavilia, Giorgio Vilardi, Ottavio Marino, Tommaso Pastore, Elena Crotti, Milena Marroccoli, Franco Medici, Giuliana Taglieri, Francesca Tittarelli, Valeria Daniele, Elena Redaelli, Maria Chiara Bignozzi, Sergio Lorenzi, Tiziano Bellezze, Alida Mazzoli, Marta Cappai, Claudio Ferone, Stefania Manzi, Raffaele Cioffi, Giorgio Pia, Sebastiano Candamano, Fabio Maria Bolzoni, Ludovica Casnedi, Maria Cristina Mascolo, Maria Vittoria Diamanti, Francesco Todaro, Patrizia Frontera, MariaPia Pedeferri, Glauco Merlonetti, Ilenia Farina, Sabino De Gisi, Andrea Petrella, Matteo Maria Gastaldi, Federica Lollini, Alberto Belli, Marina Cabrini, Valeria Corinaldesi, Ombretta Cocco, Domenico Caputo, Maddalena Carsana, Fan Yang, Loredana Incarnato, Jacopo Donnini, Alessandra Mobili, Antonio Telesca, Fortunato Crea, Michele Notarnicola, Giuseppina Roviello, Paola Meloni, Luciano Di Maio, Francesco Colangelo, Francesco Delogu, Barbara Liguori, Coppola, Luigi, Bellezze, Tiziano, Belli, Alberto, Bignozzi, Maria Chiara, Bolzoni, Fabio, Brenna, Andrea, Cabrini, Marina, Candamano, Sebastiano, Cappai, Marta, Caputo, Domenico, Carsana, Maddalena, Casnedi, Ludovica, Cioffi, Raffaele, Cocco, Ombretta, Coffetti, Denny, Colangelo, Francesco, Coppola, Bartolomeo, Corinaldesi, Valeria, Crea, Fortunato, Crotti, Elena, Daniele, Valeria, De Gisi, Sabino, Delogu, Francesco, Diamanti, Maria Vittoria, Di Maio, Luciano, Di Mundo, Rosa, Di Palma, Luca, Donnini, Jacopo, Farina, Ilenia, Ferone, Claudio, Frontera, Patrizia, Gastaldi, Matteo, Giosuè, Chiara, Incarnato, Loredana, Liguori, Barbara, Lollini, Federica, Lorenzi, Sergio, Manzi, Stefania, Marino, Ottavio, Marroccoli, Milena, Mascolo, Maria Cristina, Mavilia, Letterio, Mazzoli, Alida, Medici, Franco, Meloni, Paola, Merlonetti, Glauco, Mobili, Alessandra, Notarnicola, Michele, Ormellese, Marco, Pastore, Tommaso, Pedeferri, Maria Pia, Petrella, Andrea, Pia, Giorgio, Redaelli, Elena, Roviello, Giuseppina, Scarfato, Paola, Scoccia, Giancarlo, Taglieri, Giuliana, Telesca, Antonio, Tittarelli, Francesca, Todaro, Francesco, Vilardi, Giorgio, and Yang, Fan

Subjects
Engineering, alternative binders, Building materials, concrete, Portland cement, sustainability, waste management, Alkalies, Aluminum Compounds, Aluminum Silicates, Calcium Compounds, Corrosion, Sulfur Compounds, Waste Management, Construction Materials, Green Chemistry Technology, Biophysics, Bioengineering, Biomaterials, Biomedical Engineering, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, law.invention, law, 021105 building & construction, Sulfur Compound, Waste management, General Medicine, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Environmentally friendly, Calcium Compound, cement, binders, construction materials, Building materials, concrete, Portland cement, sustainability, alternative binders, waste management, Alkalie, 0210 nano-technology, Settore ING-IND/22 - Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, alternative binder, Clay, business.industry, Biomaterial, Construction Material, Sustainable construction, Biophysic, Aluminum Silicate, Greenhouse gas, Sustainability, Building material, Mortar, business, Aluminum Compound
Abstract

This review presents “a state of the art” report on sustainability in construction materials. The authors propose different solutions to make the concrete industry more environmentally friendly in order to reduce greenhouse gases emissions and consumption of non-renewable resources. Part 1—the present paper—focuses on the use of binders alternative to Portland cement, including sulfoaluminate cements, alkali-activated materials, and geopolymers. Part 2 will be dedicated to traditional Portland-free binders and waste management and recycling in mortar and concrete production.

Published
2018

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