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140 results on '"Mizrahi, Jacques"'

1. Combining robust urine biomarkers to assess chronic kidney disease progression

Author

Vrtovsnik, François, Daugas, Eric, Flamant, Martin, Vidal-Petiot, Emmanuelle, Jacquot, Christian, Karras, Alexandre, Roueff, Stéphane, Thervet, Eric, Houillier, Pascal, Courbebaisse, Marie, Eladari et Gérard Maruani, Dominique, Urena-Torres, Pablo, Boffa, Jean-Jacques, Ronco, Pierre, Fessi, H., Rondeau, Eric, Letavernier, Emmanuel, Tabibzadeh, Nahid, Haymann, Jean-Philippe, Bienaimé, Frank, Muorah, Mordi, Metzger, Marie, Broeuilh, Melanie, Houiller, Pascal, Vonderscher, Jacky, Mizrahi, Jacques, Friedlander, Gérard, Stengel, Bénédicte, and Terzi, Fabiola

Published
2023
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2. Combining robust urine biomarkers to assess chronic kidney disease progression

Author

Bienaimé, Frank, primary, Muorah, Mordi, additional, Metzger, Marie, additional, Broeuilh, Melanie, additional, Houiller, Pascal, additional, Flamant, Martin, additional, Haymann, Jean-Philippe, additional, Vonderscher, Jacky, additional, Mizrahi, Jacques, additional, Friedlander, Gérard, additional, Stengel, Bénédicte, additional, Terzi, Fabiola, additional, Vrtovsnik, François, additional, Daugas, Eric, additional, Vidal-Petiot, Emmanuelle, additional, Jacquot, Christian, additional, Karras, Alexandre, additional, Roueff, Stéphane, additional, Thervet, Eric, additional, Houillier, Pascal, additional, Courbebaisse, Marie, additional, Eladari et Gérard Maruani, Dominique, additional, Urena-Torres, Pablo, additional, Boffa, Jean-Jacques, additional, Ronco, Pierre, additional, Fessi, H., additional, Rondeau, Eric, additional, Letavernier, Emmanuel, additional, and Tabibzadeh, Nahid, additional

Published
2023
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3. Myeloid-derived growth factor (C19orf10) mediates cardiac repair following myocardial infarction

Author

Korf-Klingebiel, Mortimer, Reboll, Marc R., Klede, Stefanie, Brod, Torben, Pich, Andreas, Polten, Felix, Napp, L.Christian, Bauersachs, Johann, Ganser, Arnold, Brinkmann, Eva, Reimann, Ines, Kempf, Tibor, Niessen, Hans W., Mizrahi, Jacques, Schonfeld, Hans-Joachim, Iglesias, Antonio, Bobadilla, Maria, Wang, Yong, and Wollert, Kai C.

Subjects
Heart attack -- Genetic aspects -- Care and treatment, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Cellular therapy -- Research, Growth factors -- Health aspects, Biological sciences, Health
Abstract

Paracrine-acting proteins are emerging as a central mechanism by which bone marrow cell-based therapies improve tissue repair and heart function after myocardial infarction (MI). We carried out a bioinformatic secretome analysis in bone marrow cells from patients with acute MI to identify novel secreted proteins with therapeutic potential. Functional screens revealed a secreted protein encoded by an open reading frame on chromosome 19 (C19orf10) that promotes cardiac myocyte survival and angiogenesis. We show that bone marrow-derived monocytes and macrophages produce this protein endogenously to protect and repair the heart after MI, and we named it myeloid-derived growth factor (MYDGF). Whereas Mydgf-deficient mice develop larger infarct scars and more severe contractile dysfunction compared to wild-type mice, treatment with recombinant Mydgf reduces scar size and contractile dysfunction after MI. This study is the first to assign a biological function to MYDGF, and it may serve as a prototypical example for the development of protein-based therapies for ischemic tissue repair., An estimated 15 million Americans have coronary artery disease, and ~700,000 will have an acute MI each year (1). Acute MI is caused by a thrombotic occlusion of a coronary [...]

Published
2015
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10. Effects of aleglitazar, a balanced dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ agonist on glycemic and lipid parameters in a primate model of the metabolic syndrome

Author

Meyer Markus, Bénardeau Agnes, Tigno Xenia T, Hansen Barbara C, Sebokova Elena, and Mizrahi Jacques

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Glycemic control and management of dyslipidemia to reduce cardiovascular risk are major therapeutic goals in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was performed to evaluate the effects of aleglitazar, a balanced dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ (PPARα/γ) agonist, on both lipid and glycemic parameters in obese, hypertriglyceridemic, insulin-resistant rhesus monkeys. Methods A 135-day efficacy study was performed in six rhesus monkeys. After a 28-day baseline assessment (vehicle only), monkeys received oral aleglitazar 0.03 mg/kg per day for 42 days, followed by a 63-day washout period. Plasma levels of markers of glycemic and lipid regulation were measured at baseline, at the end of the dosing period, and at the end of the washout period. Results Compared with baseline values, aleglitazar 0.03 mg/kg per day reduced triglyceride levels by an average of 89% (328 to 36 mg/dL; P = 0.0035 when normalized for baseline levels) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 125% (46 to 102 mg/dL; P = 0.0007). Furthermore, aleglitazar reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (41%) and increased levels of apolipoprotein A-I (17%) and A-II (17%). Aleglitazar also improved insulin sensitivity by 60% (P = 0.001). Mean body weight was reduced by 5.9% from baseline values with aleglitazar at this dose (P = 0.043). Conclusions Aleglitazar, a dual PPARα/γ agonist, has beneficial effects on both lipid and glucose parameters and may have a therapeutic role in modifying cardiovascular risk factors and improving glycemic control in patients with T2DM.

Published
2011
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12. Molsidomine

Author

Sardina, Marco and Mizrahi, Jacques.

Published
1994

14. Anti-CD160, Alone or in Combination With Bevacizumab, Is a Potent Inhibitor of Ocular Neovascularization in Rabbit and Monkey Models

Author

Menguy, Thierry, primary, Briaux, Anne, additional, Jeunesse, Elisabeth, additional, Giustiniani, Jérôme, additional, Calcei, Alexandre, additional, Guyon, Thierry, additional, Mizrahi, Jacques, additional, Haegel, Hélène, additional, Duong, Vanessa, additional, Soler, Vincent, additional, Brousset, Pierre, additional, Bensussan, Armand, additional, Raymond Letron, Isabelle, additional, and Le Bouteiller, Philippe, additional

Published
2018
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15. Corrigendum: myeloid-derived growth factor (C19orf10) mediates cardiac repair following myocardial infarction

Author

Korf-Klingebiel, Mortimer, Reboll, Marc R., Klede, Stefanie, Brod, Torben, Pich, Andreas, Polten, Felix, Napp, L. Christian, Bauersachs, Johann, Ganser, Arnold, Brinkmann, Eva, Reimann, Ines, Kempf, Tibor, Niessen, Hans W., Mizrahi, Jacques, Schonfeld, Hans-Joachim, Iglesias, Antonio, Bobadilla, Maria, Wang, Yong, and Wollert, Kai C.

Subjects
Biological sciences, Health
Abstract

In the version of this article initially published, the article number in reference 13 is incorrectly stated as '100ra190' and should be '100ra90'. The error has been corrected in the [...]

Published
2016

16. The effect of γ-interferon to inhibit macrophage-high density lipoprotein interactions is reversed by Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2J2

Author

Glenn F. Evans, Steven H. Zuckerman, Mizrahi Jacques, and Constantinos G. Panousis

Subjects
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, CD36, Organic Chemistry, Prostaglandin, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, High-density lipoprotein, chemistry, Internal medicine, Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor, medicine, biology.protein, Macrophage, Scavenger receptor, Receptor
Abstract

Macrophage activation has been recognized as playing a central role in chronic inflammatory diseases in general and more specifically, in the vascular wall during the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Macrophage-activating factors present within the atherosclerotic lesion include the colony-stimulating factors and gamma interferon (IFNγ). In the present study, the effects of IFNγ on macrophage binding and uptake of fluorochrome-labeled high density lipoprotein (HDL) were investigated by flow cytometry and by measuring the amount of the type B scavenger receptors CD36 and scavenger receptor type B (SR-BI) by Northern blot analysis. IFNγ-, but not granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-treated murine peritoneal macrophages displayed a two- to threefold decrease in Dil-labeled HDI uptake. This effect was observed in the absence of a comparable decrease in SR-BI meassage and protein or CD36 message. This decrease in both HDL binding and uptake was reversed by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist, Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), which also inhibited the IFNγ inductin of the β2 integrin CD1 1a. Furthermore, 15d-PGJ2 increased the expression of SR-BI and CD36 message and SR-BI protein which was reflected in an increase in HDL binding and uptake. These results suggest a role for PPARγ agonists in modulating the IFNγ-mediated macrophage effector functions relevant to atherosclerotic disease progression.

Published
2000
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17. Erratum: Corrigendum: Myeloid-derived growth factor (C19orf10) mediates cardiac repair following myocardial infarction

Author

Korf-Klingebiel, Mortimer, primary, Reboll, Marc R, additional, Klede, Stefanie, additional, Brod, Torben, additional, Pich, Andreas, additional, Polten, Felix, additional, Napp, L Christian, additional, Bauersachs, Johann, additional, Ganser, Arnold, additional, Brinkmann, Eva, additional, Reimann, Ines, additional, Kempf, Tibor, additional, Niessen, Hans W, additional, Mizrahi, Jacques, additional, Schönfeld, Hans-Joachim, additional, Iglesias, Antonio, additional, Bobadilla, Maria, additional, Wang, Yong, additional, and Wollert, Kai C, additional

Published
2016
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18. Telomerase expression confers cardioprotection in the adult mouse heart after acute myocardial infarction

Author

Bär, Christian, primary, de Jesus, Bruno Bernardes, additional, Serrano, Rosa, additional, Tejera, Agueda, additional, Ayuso, Eduard, additional, Jimenez, Veronica, additional, Formentini, Ivan, additional, Bobadilla, Maria, additional, Mizrahi, Jacques, additional, de Martino, Alba, additional, Gomez, Gonzalo, additional, Pisano, David, additional, Mulero, Francisca, additional, Wollert, Kai C., additional, Bosch, Fatima, additional, and Blasco, Maria A., additional

Published
2014
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19. Comparative Transcriptional Network Modeling of Three PPAR-α/γ Co-Agonists Reveals Distinct Metabolic Gene Signatures in Primary Human Hepatocytes

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Blander, Gil, Deehan, Renee, Maerz-Weiss, Pia, Catlett, Natalie L., Steiner, Guido, Wong, Ben, Wright, Matthew B., Elliston, Keith O., Ladd, William, Bobadilla, Maria, Mizrahi, Jacques, Haefliger, Carolina, Edgar, Alan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Blander, Gil, Deehan, Renee, Maerz-Weiss, Pia, Catlett, Natalie L., Steiner, Guido, Wong, Ben, Wright, Matthew B., Elliston, Keith O., Ladd, William, Bobadilla, Maria, Mizrahi, Jacques, Haefliger, Carolina, and Edgar, Alan

Abstract

Aims: To compare the molecular and biologic signatures of a balanced dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α/γ agonist, aleglitazar, with tesaglitazar (a dual PPAR-α/γ agonist) or a combination of pioglitazone (Pio; PPAR-γ agonist) and fenofibrate (Feno; PPAR-α agonist) in human hepatocytes. Methods and Results: Gene expression microarray profiles were obtained from primary human hepatocytes treated with EC50-aligned low, medium and high concentrations of the three treatments. A systems biology approach, Causal Network Modeling, was used to model the data to infer upstream molecular mechanisms that may explain the observed changes in gene expression. Aleglitazar, tesaglitazar and Pio/Feno each induced unique transcriptional signatures, despite comparable core PPAR signaling. Although all treatments inferred qualitatively similar PPAR-α signaling, aleglitazar was inferred to have greater effects on high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than tesaglitazar and Pio/Feno, due to a greater number of gene expression changes in pathways related to high-density and low-density lipoprotein metabolism. Distinct transcriptional and biologic signatures were also inferred for stress responses, which appeared to be less affected by aleglitazar than the comparators. In particular, Pio/Feno was inferred to increase NFE2L2 activity, a key component of the stress response pathway, while aleglitazar had no significant effect. All treatments were inferred to decrease proliferative signaling. Conclusions: Aleglitazar induces transcriptional signatures related to lipid parameters and stress responses that are unique from other dual PPAR-α/γ treatments. This may underlie observed favorable changes in lipid profiles in animal and clinical studies with aleglitazar and suggests a differentiated gene profile compared with other dual PPAR-α/γ agonist treatments.

Published
2012

21. HepG2/C3A 3D spheroids exhibit stable physiological functionality for at least 24 days after recovering from trypsinisation

Author

Wrzesinski, Krzysztof, primary, Magnone, Maria Chiara, additional, Hansen, Line Visby, additional, Kruse, Marianne Ehrhorn, additional, Bergauer, Tobias, additional, Bobadilla, Maria, additional, Gubler, Marcel, additional, Mizrahi, Jacques, additional, Zhang, Kelan, additional, Andreasen, Christina M., additional, Joensen, Kira Eyð, additional, Andersen, Signe Marie, additional, Olesen, Jacob Bastholm, additional, Schaffalitzky de Muckadell, Ove B., additional, and Fey, Stephen J., additional

Published
2013
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22. Comparative Transcriptional Network Modeling of Three PPAR-α/γ Co-Agonists Reveals Distinct Metabolic Gene Signatures in Primary Human Hepatocytes

Author

Deehan, Renée, primary, Maerz-Weiss, Pia, additional, Catlett, Natalie L., additional, Steiner, Guido, additional, Wong, Ben, additional, Wright, Matthew B., additional, Blander, Gil, additional, Elliston, Keith O., additional, Ladd, William, additional, Bobadilla, Maria, additional, Mizrahi, Jacques, additional, Haefliger, Carolina, additional, and Edgar, Alan, additional

Published
2012
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27. 5-HT2C Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Obesity. Biological and Chemical Adventures

Author

Adams, David, primary, Bénardeau, Agnès, additional, Bickerdike, Mike J., additional, Bentley, Jon M., additional, Bissantz, Caterina, additional, Bourson, Anne, additional, Cliffe, Ian A., additional, Hebeisen, Paul, additional, Kennett, Guy A., additional, Knight, Antony R., additional, Malcolm, Craig S., additional, Mizrahi, Jacques, additional, Plancher, Jean-Marc, additional, Richter, Hans, additional, Röver, Stephan, additional, Taylor, Sven, additional, and Vickers, Steven P., additional

Published
2004
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28. Increased Protein Kinase C Activity and Expression of Ca 2+ -Sensitive Isoforms in the Failing Human Heart

Author

Bowling, Nancy, primary, Walsh, Richard A., additional, Song, Guojie, additional, Estridge, Thomas, additional, Sandusky, George E., additional, Fouts, Rebecca L., additional, Mintze, Karen, additional, Pickard, Todd, additional, Roden, Robert, additional, Bristow, Michael R., additional, Sabbah, Hani N., additional, Mizrahi, Jacques L., additional, Gromo, Gianni, additional, King, George L., additional, and Vlahos, Chris J., additional

Published
1999
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35. The New Nitroderivative ITF 296 Improves Collateral Blood Flow in a Canine Model of Coronary Thrombosis

Author

Trivella, Maria Giovanna, primary, Barsotti, Graziano, additional, Cereda, Roberta, additional, Chiaverini, Francesca, additional, Gromo, Gianni, additional, LʼAbbate, Antonio, additional, Magnozzi, Doretta, additional, Mizrahi, Jacques, additional, Pelosi, Gualtiero, additional, Taddei, Luigi, additional, and Bergamaschi, Mario, additional

Published
1995
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39. HepG2/C3A 3D spheroids exhibit stable physiological functionality for at least 24 days after recovering from trypsinisation.

Author

Krzysztof Wrzesinski, Magnone, Maria Chiara, Hansen, Line Visby, Kruse, Marianne Ehrhorn, Bergauer, Tobias, Bobadill, Maria, Gubler, Marcel, Mizrahi, Jacques, Kelan Zhang, Andreasen, Christina M., Joensen, Kira Eyð, Andersen, Signe Marie, Olesen, Jacob Bastholm, and de Muckadell, Ove B. Schaffalitzky

Abstract

Primary human hepatocytes are widely used as an in vitro system for the assessment of drug metabolism and toxicity. Nevertheless a cell system with higher stability of physiological functions is required for the investigation of drugs’ mode of action, pathway analyses and biomarkers evaluations. We recently discovered that the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2/C3A, cultured as spheroids in a 3D system can recover their main functions after trypsinisation within about 18 days. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the spheroids’ metabolic functions remained stable after this recovery period. Therefore we evaluated physiological capabilities of the spheroids (cell survival, growth rate, glycogenesis, ATP, cholesterol and urea synthesis and drug metabolism) and the expression of key genes related to the main liver pathways in spheroids cultured for an additional 24 days after full recovery (day 18). Here we show that after the recovery period, the 3D spheroid culture can provide a metabolically competent homeostatic cell model which is in equilibrium with its culture environment for more than 3 weeks. Such a stable system could be used for the assessment of the drugs’ mode of action, for biomarkers evaluation and for any systems biology studies which require medium- to long-term stability of metabolic functions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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43. Outlook: Finding improved medicines: the role of academic–industrial collaboration.

Author

Chin-Dusting, Jaye, Jennings, Garry, Mizrahi, Jacques, and Fitzgerald, Desmond

Subjects
MEDICAL scientists, MEDICAL research, BIOCHEMISTRY, STRATEGIC alliances (Business), PHARMACEUTICAL industry, MEDICAL care
Abstract

This paper reviews models of academic–pharmaceutical industry collaboration and debates the value of such partnerships so that those contemplating an alliance can reflect a priori on the purpose, nature and process that will provide a constructive outcome. The scope is confined to the biomedical discipline, because collaborations in other fields, such as physics and engineering, have not suffered as a result of the concerns associated with biomedicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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44. The effect of γ-interferon to inhibit macrophage-high density lipoprotein interactions is reversed by Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2J2.

Author

Zuckerman, Steven, Panousis, Constantinos, Mizrahi, Jacques, and Evans, Glenn

Abstract

Macrophage activation has been recognized as playing a central role in chronic inflammatory diseases in general and more specifically, in the vascular wall during the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Macrophage-activating factors present within the atherosclerotic lesion include the colony-stimulating factors and gamma interferon (IFNγ). In the present study, the effects of IFNγ on macrophage binding and uptake of fluorochrome-labeled high density lipoprotein (HDL) were investigated by flow cytometry and by measuring the amount of the type B scavenger receptors CD36 and scavenger receptor type B (SR-BI) by Northern blot analysis. IFNγ-, but not granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-treated murine peritoneal macrophages displayed a two- to threefold decrease in Dil-labeled HDI uptake. This effect was observed in the absence of a comparable decrease in SR-BI meassage and protein or CD36 message. This decrease in both HDL binding and uptake was reversed by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist, Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), which also inhibited the IFNγ inductin of the β2 integrin CD1 1a. Furthermore, 15d-PGJ2 increased the expression of SR-BI and CD36 message and SR-BI protein which was reflected in an increase in HDL binding and uptake. These results suggest a role for PPARγ agonists in modulating the IFNγ-mediated macrophage effector functions relevant to atherosclerotic disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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45. HepG2/C3A 3D spheroids exhibit stable physiological functionality for at least 24 days after recovering from trypsinisation

Author

WrzesinskiThese authors equally contributed to the study., Krzysztof, Magnone, Maria Chiara, Hansen, Line Visby, Kruse, Marianne Ehrhorn, Bergauer, Tobias, Bobadilla, Maria, Gubler, Marcel, Mizrahi, Jacques, Zhang, Kelan, Andreasen, Christina M., Joensen, Kira Eyð, Andersen, Signe Marie, Olesen, Jacob Bastholm, Schaffalitzky de Muckadell, Ove B., and Fey, Stephen J.

Abstract

Primary human hepatocytes are widely used as an in vitrosystem for the assessment of drug metabolism and toxicity. Nevertheless a cell system with higher stability of physiological functions is required for the investigation of drugs’ mode of action, pathway analyses and biomarkers evaluations. We recently discovered that the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2/C3A, cultured as spheroids in a 3D system can recover their main functions after trypsinisation within about 18 days. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the spheroids’ metabolic functions remained stable after this recovery period. Therefore we evaluated physiological capabilities of the spheroids (cell survival, growth rate, glycogenesis, ATP, cholesterol and urea synthesis and drug metabolism) and the expression of key genes related to the main liver pathways in spheroids cultured for an additional 24 days after full recovery (day 18). Here we show that after the recovery period, the 3D spheroid culture can provide a metabolically competent homeostatic cell model which is in equilibrium with its culture environment for more than 3 weeks. Such a stable system could be used for the assessment of the drugs’ mode of action, for biomarkers evaluation and for any systems biology studies which require medium- to long-term stability of metabolic functions.

Published
2013
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48. Effets de la substance P et d'autres agents myotropes sur les muscles lisses des systèmes gastro-intestinal, respiratoire et vasculaire

Author

Mizrahi, Jacques, [non identifié], Mizrahi, Jacques, and [non identifié]

Abstract

L'étude pharmacologique présentée dans ce mémoire a porté sur six préparations de muscles lisses isolés, sensibles à la S.P et à d'autres peptides, et dérivées du tractus respiratoire (trachée et poumon isolés de cobaye) du tractus gastro-intestinal (colon de rat, colon humain et iléon de cobaye) et du système vasculaire (aorte de lapin). Les objectifs de l'étude étaient; a) d'identifier une préparation qui réponde à la substance P (S.P) par une contraction soutenue, afin de pouvoir tester les effets des inhibiteurs avec un protocole de type curatif; b) d'établir si la S.P agit au niveau des différents muscles lisses par une action directe ou par l'intermédiaire de substance endogènes telles que l'acétylcholine ou les prostaglandines et leurs congénères ; c) d'explorer la possibilité d'interférence entre divers peptides, particulièrement les enképhalines et la S.P au niveau des différentes préparations. I. PRÉPARATIONS DÉRIVÉES DU TRACTUS RESPIRATOIRE A. Trachée isolée de cobaye Il s'agit de la préparation que nous avons étudiée le plus intensivement car elle répond à la substance P (S.P) par une contraction soutenue. C'est donc la préparation et la seule, qui nous a permis de remplir un des objectifs que nous nous étions proposé d'atteindre dans cette étude. L'action stimulante de la S.P sur les muscles lisses respiratoires est médiée en partie par les prostaglandines qui relaxent ces muscles. En présence d'indométhacine. La courbe concentration-réponse de la S.P est certainement plus élevée qu'en absence de l'inhibiteur de la cyclooxygénase. Par contre, la bradykinine (BK) exerce un effet relaxant sur la trachée qui est totalement médié par les prostaglandines. Évidemment, cet effet est aboli par l'indométhacine. La comparaison des activités de la S.P et de certains de ses fragments en C-terminal, particulièrement l’octapeptide (4-11), l’heptapeptide (5-11) et l'hexapeptide (6-11), nous a permis d'établir l'ordre de puissance des agonistes suivants: hexa (6-11), >

Published
1981

49. Étude pharmacologique et de structure-activité des antagonistes de la substance P et des tachykinines

Author

Mizrahi, Jacques, Regoli, Domenico, Mizrahi, Jacques, and Regoli, Domenico

Abstract

L'undécapeptide Substance P (SP) et les autres peptides du groupe des tachykinines, Elédoïsine, Physalaemine et Kassinine, sont des puissants stimulants des muscles lisses intestinaux (iléon de cobaye), trachéo-bronchiques (trachée isolée de cobaye) et vasculaire veineux (veine mésentérique de lapin). De plus, SP et ses homologues du groupe des tachykinines provoquent une relaxation des segments de tissus artériels (comme par exemple l'artère carotide de chien). Les contractions du muscle longitudinal de l'iléon de cobaye, en réponse à la SP sont partiellement réduites par l'atropine, et significativement antagonisées par l'indomethacine. Au contraire les stimulations de la trachée isolée de cobaye induite par la Substance P, sont potentialisées en présence de l'inhibiteur de la cyclooxygénase : l'indométhacine. Les grosses artères (artère carotide commune de chien), à l'encontre des veines (veine mésentérique de lapin) sont insensibles à l'action de la Substance P, Elédoïsine, Physalaemine et Kassinine lorsque la couche endothéliale est ôtée. Ces observations suggèrent que les effets myotropes de la Substance P et de ses homologues du groupe des tachykinines, à l'exception toutefois des tissus veineux, sont partiellement ou complètement indirects et dérivent de la libération de médiateurs endogènes : l'acétylcholine et les prostaglandines endogènes sur l'iléon de cobaye, les prostaglandines et probablement une leukotriène sur la trachée de cobaye et un médiateur, dont la nature est encore inconnue, libérées par les cellules endothéliales dans les artères carotides de chien. Sur la veine mésentérique de Lapin, la Substance P et les autres tachykinines semblent exercer des effets myocontractiles directs. Les quatres préparations décrites ci-dessus furent utilisées ; a) pour évaluer les activités apparentes (pD2) et les activités relatives (A.R) de plusieurs peptides apparentés à la Substance P, à savoir : - les fragments en C-terminal, notamment SP (6-11), SP (A-11).

Published
1983

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