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There were some problems caused by illegally on streets parked bicycles in thecenter of Kumamoto city. All municipalparking lots for bicycles could be used free of charge, however, Kumamoto City has introduced Bicycle Parking Pricing System and extended no-parking zone since June 1st, 2012. Almost all problems seems to be ameliorated. This paper has three purposes. The first one is to reveal actual conditions of usage of bicycleparking lots and investigate users' evaluation for this policy. The secondone is to develop a model of parking lot and duration. The last one is to get the optimal solution of the bicycle parking lot capacity according to the variable demand, which is forecasted by the simulation based on the decision model of parking lot and duration.

近年，日本では自動車中心社会の進展によるエネルギー消費量の増加が問題となっている．この問題を解決する手段として，一人当たりのエネルギー消費量が少ない都市形態であるコンパクトシティへの誘導が有効とされている．本研究では，個人のエネルギー消費量を削減することが可能な都市形態，および交通サービス体系はどのようなものかを分析することを目的とする．ここでは，熊本都市圏における2030年の人口をベースとして，人口集約の方法が異なる3つの都市圏構造シナリオを想定し，エネルギー消費量の比較を行った．その結果，公共交通輸送サービスの利便性が高い交通拠点とその周辺地域に人口を集約し，その間を公共交通機関でサービスする多極連携型が最も効果が大きいという結果が得られた．, This paper examines the effect of compact city on energy consumption by simulating the effect of three typical kinds of compact urban structure. The relationship between the urban structure and the effectiveness in reducing energy consumption is made clear. The energy consumption can be estimated by a model based on individual consumption behaviors of composite goods and mobility goods. This model is applied to four scenarios on the combination of urban structure and transportation services in Kumamoto metropolitan region in 2030. Results from scenario based simulation analysis suggest that multi-pole urban structure, which is made up of several convenient residential core poles around transit terminals and is connected by public transport service, is the best choice of compact urban structure.

Arao city started shared-taxi service as an alternative of ordinal route bus services October 1, 2013. Shared-taxi system is already introduced in Hirai and Fumoto suburb areas of the city. We conducted a survey to evaluate transportation services to clarify the activity of the inhabitants before and after introducing shared-taxi by using Diary-Activity-survey and analyze the changes of activities by the introduction of shared-taxi.

地方都市ではモータリゼーションの進行や大型商業施設の郊外出店などにより郊外化が進行しており、中心市街地では商業の衰退や定住人口の現象、地域コミュニティの活力低下など、経済的・社会的な問題が生じている。そのような中、まちなか居住の推進は、中心市街地の空洞化の抑制や地域産業の活性化など、今後の人口減少・少子高齢化を見据えた持続的なまちづくり施策として、その効果が期待されている。本研究では、潜在クラスモデルにより、現在は郊外に居住している世帯からまちなか居住志向セグメントを分離した。これらのセグメントの特性や住宅・周辺環境に対する意識構造を分析することにより、まちなか居住を促進するための計画課題と促進策を明らかにした。, One of solutions which revitalize the carter of the city seem to be habitation. This study investigate the actual condition and the habitant in city carton of Kumamoto city. The questionnaire survey is conducted for resident both in the city center and in the suburban resident areas. We analyze a preference structure for the area of residence and build a discrete choice model which considers incorporating latent classes. From a result, we find the way that promote the habitation live in the city center.

近年モータリゼーションの進展に伴う自家用自動車の普及、少子化の進行による人口の減少等により、乗合バスの利用者数は全国的に減少傾向にある. 熊本都市圏の路線バスの利用者数もこの20年間で半減している状況である. また、熊本市の補助金も増加傾向にあり、民間事業者、市交通局への補助金の合計は平成19年時点で約2億円となっている. このような中、熊本市は路線バスの利便性向上、採算性の向上、補助金の軽減のために熊本都市圏のバス路線網再編の検討を行っている. バス路線網再編の際には補助金交付方法の見直しが検討されており、本研究では、インセンティブ報酬を取り入れた補助金交付方法の提案とその評価を行い、インセンティブ報酬による補助金の軽減効果を測定する., Recently, the number of passenger of public bus services in Japan tends to decrease due to the motorization. This condition leads to a severe management situation, including in Kumamoto City. Since 1984, the deficit of bus companies operation in provision of bus services in Kumamoto has been covered by Kumamoto City Government on the basis of lines subsidy, and the city allocated a number of subsidy of about 200 million yen in 2007. Currently, The Kumamoto city government plans to reduce the amount of subsidy to bus companies by introducing the giving of incentive to bus companies in order to trim bus company deficit. This study aims to construct the mathematical model of the incentive reward and apply the model to realignment of buses lines networks in Kumamoto Metropolitan Area.

We present a microeconomic based quantitative analysis scheme to evaluate compactness of cities by the energy consumption efficiency considering 1) the utility theory based on personal consumption behaviors, and 2) a consistency between the level of utility and energy consumption. By representing quality of life by utility, this study develops a CES typed model to estimate the actual and minimum individual energy consumption for present utility. Energy consumption efficiency index is introduced to analyze the compact level of cities. We applied this model to the Kumamoto and Nagasaki region. Higher energy consumption efficiency is found in Nagasaki which has more compact city structure and mass-transit usage. Zones with higher energy consumption efficiency are mainly located in city center and along mass-transit lines in both regions. Such findings suggest that more compact urban structure and higher mass-transit usage can induce greater urban energy consumption efficiency.

本研究では、中心市街地の無人時間貸し平面駐車場の地権者に対して行った土地利用意向データから、現在の時間貸し平面駐車場にいたった経緯や理由、今後の土地活用法、希望する利活用用途や用途変更をするために期待する支援策などを明らかにした。さらに、各種用途へ変更した場合の収益率や運用利回りなどを地権者に示して用途変更の意向を聞いた支援策調査データを用いて、地権者の転用用途選択モデルを推定した。このモデルを用いて、指定容積率の最大利用や固定資産税の軽減策など、低・未利用地の効率的利活用を促す各種の支援策の有効性を検討する政策シュミレーションを行った。その結果、これらの施策の適切な導入は費用便益分析や税収といった評価の視点からも効果的であり、中心市街地の活性化に有効であることが検証された。, Recently, The Open-air Parking increases in city center. Therefore, the decline of the central area is caused as a results and the number of those who visit the town has decreased. Purposes of research are as follows. It clarifies that landowners and leaseholders that have the Open-air Parking in the central area think land use. It examines that support plan that the administration should do to straighten out that problem. Various support plans are examines from the cost benefit analysis, revenue, and value of support plan. The composition is as follows. In Chapter 2, it clarifies that landowners and leaseholders that have the Open-air Parking in the central area think land use from "Land use intention investigation". In Chapter 3, the effective profit use usage selection model is presumed. In Chapter 4, the simulation analysis that measures the effect and the value of the support plan is done.

本論文は、熊本都市圏のバス路線網再編を対象に、再編の手順や需要予測等の評価結果を報告するものである。バス路線網再編にあたっては、バス事業者の効率性と利用者の利便性に配慮し、階層化システムの概念を導入するとともに、バス事業者等を含めたワークショップ形式により、都市圏の一体的なバス路線網を構築した。その結果、従来の路線網を比較して約1/4まで路線を集約できたとともに、路線ポテンシャルの増加が確認され、バス事業者の効率性と利用者の利便性といった両視点から有効性が確認された。さらには、交通需要予測を実施し、需要面や費用対効果の観点から総合的な評価を行い、バス路線網再編の妥当性が確認された。, The aim of this paper is to show the bus network reorganization planning in Kumamoto urban area based on the hierarchical network design method. This bus network is evaluated from the viewpoints of users and bus company and city government. Results of the cost benefit analysis shows that this planning runs a large deficit. However, it is economically effective.

Huge public transport subsidies caused by deficits have become a heavy financial burden on some local governments due to the decline of bus passenger numbers. It is essential to apply the performance-based contract to bus services considering maximization of social welfare. This paper constructs an incentive subsidy contract considering the decision-making powers of the service level and calculating the proper frequency elasticity aiming at two problems of performance-based contracts. Meanwhile, we consider a role of bus operators ignored by most researchers. Under the scheme, the decision-making power of the service level is discussed based on five assumptions, and meanwhile, bus operators are motivated to reduce cost and improve service level in the scheme. The case of the bus service of Arao city indicates that the optimal frequency equals to zero when bus operators decide frequency. If bus operators determine efforts, the optimal effort also equals to zero with the goal of maximizing the profit. Also, bus operators can play their roles in lessening cost and improving service level to help bus operators and the local government achieve a win-win situation, which maximizes the social benefit in this subsidy scheme when all factors are decided by the government.