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Hiroko Bissen-Miyajima,1 Yuka Ota,1 Saori Yaguchi,1 Kunihiko Nakamura,1 Noriyuki Sasaki2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 2Alcon Japan Ltd, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Hiroko Bissen-Miyajima, Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Suidobashi Hospital, Kandamisaki‑cho 2‑9‑18, Chiyoda‑ku, Tokyo, 101‑0061, Japan, Tel +81-3-5275-1856, Email bissen@tdc.ac.jpPurpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the AcrySof IQ PanOptix toric intraocular lens (IOL) with cylinder power of 1.0 D (TFNT20) in a Japanese population with low corneal astigmatism and compare with historical control data for nontoric IOLs.Setting: Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.Design: Prospective, single-center study.Methods: Patients ≥ 20 years old received TFNT20 IOL in at least 1 eye based on Alcon Toric calculator (Holladay Total surgically induced astigmatism). Effectiveness endpoints included the percentage of eyes with refractive cylinder ≤ 0.25 D at 30– 60 days after surgery, which was compared with a historical control threshold rate of 29.2% for nontoric IOLs and refractive cylinder ≤ 0.50 D. Monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA; 5 m), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA; 60 cm), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA; 40 cm), and adverse events were evaluated.Results: Of 41 eyes implanted with TFNT20 IOLs, 37 eyes (90%) achieved refractive cylinder ≤ 0.25 D at 30– 60 days after surgery, demonstrating the superiority of TFNT20 compared with historical data (P< 0.0001). Refractive cylinder of ≤ 0.50 D was achieved by 41 eyes (100%). At 30– 60 days, mean ± SD monocular CDVA was − 0.15 ± 0.07 logMAR, UDVA was − 0.09 ± 0.09 logMAR, UIVA was − 0.00 ± 0.07 logMAR, and UNVA was 0.03 ± 0.07 logMAR. Six eyes (15%) had elevated postoperative intraocular pressure, which returned to normal and was not device-related.Conclusion: TFNT20 IOLs successfully reduced postoperative refractive cylinder and provided good distance, intermediate, and near uncorrected VAs in Japanese patients with low corneal astigmatism.Keywords: trifocal IOL, toric IOL, low corneal astigmatism, toric calculator, visual acuity

Thomas Kohnen,1 Ruth Lapid-Gortzak,2 Dandapani Ramamurthy,3 Hiroko Bissen-Miyajima,4 Andrew Maxwell,5 Tae-Im Kim,6 Satish Modi7 1Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands; 3The Eye Foundation, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; 4Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 5The California Eye Institute, Fresno, CA, USA; 6Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; 7Seeta Eye Centers, Poughkeepsie, NY, USACorrespondence: Thomas Kohnen, Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Theodor‑Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany, Tel +49 69 6301 6739/ 3945, Fax +49 69 6301 3893, Email thomas.Kohnen@kgu.dePurpose: To investigate visual and safety outcomes of AcrySof® IQ PanOptix® (model TFNT00), a trifocal, presbyopia-correcting intraocular lens (IOL), in patients of different ethnicities across multiple countries, based on a pooled analysis of six prospective multicenter studies.Patients and Methods: This pooled analysis included adult patients from six prospective clinical studies performed across 56 centers worldwide. After cataract removal by phacoemulsification, all patients were implanted with TFNT00; follow-up duration varied from 3 to 12 months according to the studies’ design. Binocular defocus curve; absolute manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE); and binocular photopic uncorrected and corrected visual acuities at distance (UCDVA, BCDVA; 4– 5 m), intermediate (UCIVA, DCIVA; 60– 66 cm), and near (UCNVA, DCNVA; 40 cm) were measured.Results: The study included 557 patients, 547 of whom were implanted bilaterally with the TFNT00 IOL (n = 1094 eyes). Binocular visual data at 1 month and 3– 6 months after implantation were available for up to 546 and 542 bilaterally implanted patients, respectively. A continuous range of 0.1 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) or better vision from distance (0.00 diopter [D], 4– 5 m) to near (– 3.00 D; optically equivalent to 33 cm) was observed 3– 6 months after TFNT00 implantation. At 3– 6 months, 88.2% of first eyes achieved an MRSE ≤ 0.50 D and 88.7% of second eyes achieved an MRSE ≤ 0.50 D. Overall, 99.3%, 92.3%, and 94.6% of patients bilaterally implanted with TFNT00 achieved binocular photopic BCDVA, DCIVA, and DCNVA of 0.14 logMAR or better, respectively. Ocular adverse device effects and secondary surgical interventions (SSIs) were infrequent.Conclusion: This global pooled analysis showed that TFNT00 provided a continuous range of 0.1 logMAR (~20/25 Snellen) or better vision from distance to 33 cm, with a low incidence of ocular adverse device effects and SSIs.Keywords: PanOptix, intraocular lens, presbyopia, trifocal lens, diffractive lens, pooled analysis

Yuki Yoshimatsu,1 Kazunori Tobino,1,2 Takuto Sueyasu,1 Saori Nishizawa,1 Yuki Ko,1 Mina Yasuda,1 Hiromi Ide,1 Kosuke Tsuruno,1 Hiroyuki Miyajima1 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka 820-8505, Japan; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8431, JapanCorrespondence: Yuki YoshimatsuDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Iizuka Hospital, 3-83 Yoshio Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8505, JapanTel +81 948 22 3800Fax +81 948 29 5744Email yukitsukihana0105@gmail.comIntroduction: Predicting phenotypes at risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation is extremely important. Dysphagia is becoming recognized as one of these phenotypes. A convenient method of screening for dysphagia and COPD exacerbation risk is desired. The repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST) is one of the least invasive dysphagia screening methods. We previously reported the possible relation between the RSST result and COPD exacerbation in a retrospective study. Based on this, we performed a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of RSST as a predictor of COPD exacerbation and to determine its optimal cut-off value for COPD.Methods: Seventy patients with COPD were recruited. Patients underwent the following dysphagia screening tests: the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool, Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, RSST, water swallowing test, and simple swallow provocation test. After one year, they were classified into two groups according to the presence of COPD exacerbation during the follow-up period.Results: Twenty-seven patients had one or more exacerbations in the past year. During the follow-up period, 28 patients had one or more exacerbations (E group), and 42 had none (non-E group). There were no significant differences between the groups except for the presence of past exacerbations and the results of the RSST, when the cut-off value was set at 2, 3, 4, or 5 swallows. The number of swallows in the RSST was significantly lower in the E group than in the Non-E group. A cut-off value of 5 was the most effective. The time to first exacerbation was significantly longer in those with an RSST value of >5. The RSST was more reliable for differentiating the E group and non-E group than the presence of exacerbation in the past year (hazard ratios: 13.78 and 2.70, respectively).Conclusion: An RSST cut-off value of 5 may be a strong predictor of COPD exacerbation.Keywords: dysphagia, screening, aspiration, phenotype, risk

Yoshimatsu Y, Tobino K, Sueyasu T, et al. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019;14:2777–2785. Page 2780, left column, line 2, the text “42.9% and 96.4%” should read “96.4% and 42.9%”. Page 2780, left column, lines 1 and 2 from the bottom, the text “[…] in patients with a history of exacerbation in the past year than in those with no such history […]” should read “[…] in patients with no history of exacerbation in the past year than in those with a history […]”. Figure 1 on page 2780, the sensitivity and specificity values are incorrect. The correct Figure 1 is shown below. Page 2781, Figure 2 legend, the text “[…] in patients with a history of exacerbation in the past year than in those with no such history […]” should read “[…] in patients with no history of exacerbation in the past year than in those with a history […]”. Page 2782, Figure 3 legend, the text “[…] in patients with a history of exacerbation in the past year than in those with no such history […]” should read “[…] in patients with no history of exacerbation in the past year than in those with a history […]”. The authors apologize for these errors and advise they do not affect the results of the paper. Read the original article

Electron transport property in the nanocontacting wire was investigated by measuring magnetoresistance effect. In the regime of conductance quantization, the magnetoresistance exhibits the quantized step (in the unit of [e.sup.2]/h) and nonquantized step ([DELTA]G < [e.sup.2]/h). The magnetoresistance effect appears to be large in the case that either of the steps was observed in a magnetoresistance curve, indicating that there are different mechanisms which bring about the giant magnetoresistance. Index Terms--Ballistic magnetoresistance (BMR), conductance quantization, nanocontact.

Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is very useful for observing magnetic domain structures. However, due to stray fields from an MFM probe, observations of small magnetic domain structures are limited. The authors have developed a high-resolution MFM system that utilizes a low-moment probe and a quality (Q)-controlled prove driver, which allows high-quality measurement in a vacuum without disturbing domain structures. Using this system, a resolution finer than 20 nm was achieved. In this paper, the advantages of this MFM are demonstrated using a Permalloy honeycomb nanonetwork and a Permalloy semicircular loop. Index Terms--Magnetic domains, magnetic force microscopy, Q factor.

The behavior of the magnetoresistance (MR) effect in a ferromagnetic Ni nanocontact is investigated in the regime of conductance quantization (1/12900 [[OMEGA].sup.-1]). The giant MR effect is observed in the case that the nanocontact with quantized conductance is fabricated. We sometimes observe that the conductance discretely changes by the quantization unit of [e.sup.2]/h and that the quantized conductance is switched by the application of magnetic field. There exists a close relationship between nanocontact MR and quantized conductance. Index Terms--Ballistic magnetoresistance (BMR), conductance quantization, nanocontact.

The magnetic-field dependences of Ni quantum point contacts (QPC) were measured by using break junction techniques. The result indicates that the local magnetic property around Ni QPC affects the conductance quantization in Ni QPC.

A study was conducted to analyze the magnetization reversal phenomenon of a submicron magnetic wire supporting a trilayer structure consisting of NiFe/Cu/NiFe. The electric resistance in external magnetic fields was measured. Moreover, the time variation of the resistance during the magnetization reversal was determined. Experimental results indicated that magnetization reversal can be sensitively examined using the giant magnetoresistance effect.