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Purpose The obturator nerve branches into the obturator canal; therefore, local anesthetic spread into the obturator canal predicts the success of the obturator nerve block (ONB). We compared three ONB techniques for the spread of local anesthetic mixed with contrast medium into the obturator canal. Methods We performed the ONB using the classical pubic approach (PA), inguinal approach (IA), or ultrasound-guided methodologic approach (UMA) in 143 patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumors. The obturator nerve course and branching patterns of the UMA group were examined using ultrasound imaging. After injecting a local anesthetic mixed with a contrast medium, we evaluated its spread into the obturator canal using fluoroscopic imaging. P < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results Success rate of obturator canal enhancement was the greatest in the UMA group (84%; P < 0.001); the PA (42.6%; 20/47 patients) and IA (47.8%; 22/46 patients) groups did not differ significantly (P = 1.000). Both branches of the obturator nerve passed above the superior margin of the external obturator muscle (EOM), and the obturator canal was enhanced in 13 of 50 (26%) patients in the UMA group. The posterior branch of the obturator nerve passed between the superior and main fasciculi of the EOM in 37 of 50 patients (74%) in the UMA group; the obturator canal was enhanced in 29 of these 37 patients (78%). Conclusion Local anesthetic spread into the obturator canal using the UMA was superior to that using the PA and IA. Both branches of the obturator nerve could be blocked using the UMA., Author(s): Tetsuya Uchino [sup.1], Masahiro Miura [sup.2], Shigekiyo Matsumoto [sup.1], Chihiro Shingu [sup.1], Toshitaka Shin [sup.3], Kenichiro Tomonari [sup.4], Takaaki Kitano [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.412334.3, 0000 0001 0665 3553, [...]

This article, published in the journal Synlett, discusses a study on the development of a rhodium-catalyzed direct vinylene annulation reaction. The researchers focused on using vinyl selenones as vinylene-transfer reagents and successfully demonstrated a three-component reaction to construct isoquinolone scaffolds. The article includes a table showing the optimization of reaction conditions. The study also explored the scope and limitations of the reaction system, proposing a mechanism for the coupling reaction and concluding that further optimization is needed. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the synthesis of axially chiral bibenzo[g]coumarin derivatives using rhodium-catalyzed oxidative annulation of thiocarbamates. The development of efficient synthetic methods for polycyclic heteroaromatic compounds has been a topic of interest in organic chemistry. The authors describe the synthesis of new binaphthyl-fused chiral bibenzo[g]coumarin derivatives and evaluate their optical properties. The compounds showed fluorescence and circular dichroism characteristics, indicating their potential applications in various fields. The authors also propose a possible reaction mechanism for the synthesis of these derivatives. [Extracted from the article]

Organoselenium compounds have attracted significant research interest because of their potent therapeutic activities and indispensable applications in the organic chemistry field. The selenation reactions conventionally rely on the use of sensitive Se reagents; thus, new synthetic methods with improved efficiency and operational simplicity have recently been of particular interest. In this manuscript, we report a Rh-catalyzed direct selenium annulation using tractable sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) as the limiting reagent. The selenite species was converted to highly electrophilic SeO(OBz)2 in situ upon treatment with Bz2O, thereby undergoing C–H/N–H double nucleophilic selenation. A series of benzimidates successfully underwent selenation under mild reaction conditions to afford isoselenazole derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]