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Unitary non-Gaussian nonlinearity is one of the key components required for quantum computation and other developing applications of quantum information processing. Sufficient operation of this kind is still not available, but it can be approximatively implemented with help of a specifically engineered resource state constructed from individual photons. We present experimental realization and thorough analysis of such quantum resource state, and confirm that the state does indeed possess properties of a state produced by unitary dynamics driven by cubic nonlinearity.

We develop an experimental scheme based on a continuous-wave (cw) laser for generating arbitrary superpositions of photon number states. In this experiment, we successfully generate superposition states of zero to three photons, namely advanced versions of superpositions of two and three coherent states. They are fully compatible with developed quantum teleportation and measurement-based quantum operations with cw lasers. Due to achieved high detection efficiency, we observe, without any loss correction, multiple areas of negativity of Wigner function, which confirm strongly nonclassical nature of the generated states., 5 pages, 2 figures

Coherent feedback is a non-measurement based, hence a back-action free, method of control for quantum systems. A typical application of this control scheme is squeezing enhancement, a purely non-classical effect in quantum optics. In this paper we report its first experimental demonstration that well agrees with the theory taking into account time delays and losses in the coherent feedback loop. The results clarify both the benefit and the limitation of coherent feedback control in a practical situation., 7 pages

We observe -9.01$\pm$0.14 dB of squeezing and +15.12$\pm$0.14 dB of antisqueezing with a local oscillator phase locked in homodyne measurement. In reference [1], two main factors are pointed out which degrade the observed squeezing level: phase fluctuation in homodyne measurement and intracavity losses of an optical parametric oscillator for squeezing. We have improved the phase stability of homodyne measurement and have reduced the intracavity losses. We measure pump power dependences of the squeezing and antisqueezing levels, which show good agreement with theoretical calculations taking account of the phase fluctuation., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Continuous-variable Gaussian cluster states are a potential resource for universal quantum computation. Here we report on the optical generation and theoretical verification of three different kinds of four-mode continuous variable cluster states.

Continuous-variable Gaussian cluster states are a potential resource for universal quantum computation. They can be efficiently and unconditionally built from sources of squeezed light using beam splitters. Here we report on the generation of three different kinds of continuous-variable four-mode cluster states. In our realization, the resulting cluster-type correlations are such that no corrections other than simple phase-space displacements would be needed when quantum information propagates through these states. At the same time, the inevitable imperfections from the finitely squeezed resource states and from additional thermal noise are minimized, as no antisqueezing components are left in the cluster states., 5 pages, 4 figures

The progress in quantum operations of continuous-variable (CV) schemes can be reduced to that in CV quantum teleportation. The fidelity of quantum teleportation of an optical setup is limited by the finite degree of quantum correlation which can be prepared with a pair of finitely squeezed states. Reports of improvement of squeezing level have appeared recently, and we adopted the improved methods in our experimental system of quantum teleportation. As a result, we teleported a coherent state with a fidelity $F=0.83\pm 0.01$, which is better than any other figures reported to date. In this paper, we introduce a measure $n_{s}$, the number of teleportations expected to be carried out sequentially. Our result corresponds to $n_{s}$=5.0$\pm$0.4. It suggests that our improvement would enable us to proceed toward more advanced quantum operations involving multi-step quantum operations., 5 pages, 4 figures

Polyacrylamides of low molecular weights (average degrees of polymerization(‾DP) : 7.2, 18.3, 21.3, and 45.4) were prepared by radical polymerization, and their PMR spectra were observed over the temperature range of 30–90 °C. From the temperature dependence of the PMR spectra, the values of the energy barrier to the internal rotation about C–N bonds were determined by means of a total line-shape analysis. The energy barriers for the polymers above ‾DP : 18.3 were 10.6 kcal/mol, while those for the polymer of ‾DP : 7.2 were 9.2 kcal/mol. These results were interpreted in terms of the local environment around the amide groups. The intramolecular hydrogen bonding was also investigated.

We witness experimentally the presence of macroscopic coherence in Gaussian quantum states using a recently proposed criterion (E.G. Cavalcanti and M. Reid, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 170405 (2006)). The macroscopic coherence stems from interference between macroscopically distinct states in phase space and we prove experimentally that even the vacuum state contains these features with a distance in phase space of $0.51\pm0.02$ shot noise units (SNU). For squeezed states we found macroscopic superpositions with a distance of up to $0.83\pm0.02$ SNU. The proof of macroscopic quantum coherence was investigated with respect to squeezing and purity of the states., 5 pages, 6 figures

We experimentally demonstrate the highly efficient generation of arbitrary superpositions of zero- to three-photon-number states. One of the generated states can be used as an ancilla to realize the non-Gaussian quantum gate.