1. Hibernator-Derived Cells Show Superior Protection and Survival in Hypothermia Compared to Non-Hibernator Cells
- Author
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Koen D. W. Hendriks, Robert H. Henning, Janette Heegsma, Femke Hoogstra-Berends, Klaas Nico Faber, Christian P Joschko, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), and Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ,Mitochondrion ,ischemia-reperfusion ,Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore/metabolism ,lcsh:Chemistry ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cricetinae ,Hypothermia/metabolism ,hibernation ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Spectroscopy ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,reactive oxygen species ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/physiology ,General Medicine ,ferroptosis ,Computer Science Applications ,Cell biology ,mitochondria ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine.symptom ,Energy source ,hypothermia ,Programmed cell death ,Membrane Potential ,Article ,Catalysis ,Cell Line ,Inorganic Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ,Mitochondrial/physiology ,Mitochondria/metabolism ,medicine ,Extracellular ,Animals ,Humans ,Rewarming ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Rewarming/methods ,Reactive oxygen species ,Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore ,Organic Chemistry ,Hypothermia ,Hibernation/physiology ,030104 developmental biology ,HEK293 Cells ,Mitochondrial permeability transition pore ,chemistry ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Cell culture - Abstract
Mitochondrial failure is recognized to play an important role in a variety of diseases. We previously showed hibernating species to have cell-autonomous protective mechanisms to resist cellular stress and sustain mitochondrial function. Here, we set out to detail these mitochondrial features of hibernators. We compared two hibernator-derived cell lines (HaK and DDT1MF2) with two non-hibernating cell lines (HEK293 and NRK) during hypothermia (4 °, C) and rewarming (37 °, C). Although all cell lines showed a strong decrease in oxygen consumption upon cooling, hibernator cells maintained functional mitochondria during hypothermia, without mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, mitochondrial membrane potential decline or decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, which were all observed in both non-hibernator cell lines. In addition, hibernator cells survived hypothermia in the absence of extracellular energy sources, suggesting their use of an endogenous substrate to maintain ATP levels. Moreover, hibernator-derived cells did not accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage and showed normal cell viability even after 48 h of cold-exposure. In contrast, non-hibernator cells accumulated ROS and showed extensive cell death through ferroptosis. Understanding the mechanisms that hibernators use to sustain mitochondrial activity and counteract damage in hypothermic circumstances may help to define novel preservation techniques with relevance to a variety of fields, such as organ transplantation and cardiac arrest.
- Published
- 2020