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Across Pacific Island countries, women and men are disproportionately affected by several risk factors for infertility, including sexually transmissible infections, complications from unsafe abortions, postpartum sepsis, obesity, diabetes, tobacco smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Despite this, little is known about community awareness of infertility, behavioural risk factors, the lived experiences of infertile couples or the contexts in which they access fertility care. In this opinion piece we discuss the current evidence and gaps in evidence regarding infertility in Pacific Island countries and the importance of locally tailored approaches to preventing infertility and the provision of fertility care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HIV prevention programs focus on global "key populations" and more localized "priority populations" to ensure effective targeting of interventions. These HIV population categories have been subject to considerable scholarly scrutiny, particularly key populations, with less attention given to critically unpacking priority populations at local levels, for example "serodiscordant couples" (one partner has HIV, but not the other). We examine this population in the context of Papua New Guinea to consider how local configurations, relational pathways, and lived realities of serodiscordant relationships strain the boundaries of this population category and raise intriguing questions about its intersection with contemporary biomedical agendas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, there is limited research exploring the positive role men play in reducing HIV vulnerability or in the care and support of women living with HIV. This paper draws on interviews conducted with men and women in heterosexual HIV serodiscordant relationships as part of a longitudinal qualitative study exploring the social aspects of biomedicine among serodiscordant couples in two high HIV-burden areas in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Findings highlight that some HIV negative men in heterosexual relationships are resisting hegemonic masculine norms they see as harmful and are embracing caring masculine identities as they seek to support their HIV-positive wives. We suggest that understandings of masculinity in the context of the HIV epidemic in PNG should be broadened from simplistic discourses and representations of men as largely uncaring and violent to incorporate deeper understanding of how men can and are embracing caring masculinities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a violation of women's human rights and dramatically increases women's vulnerability to sexual and reproductive health morbidities. This article examines young iTaukei (Indigenous Fijian) women's experiences of, and responses to, nonphysical forms of coercion in romantic relationships. It draws on ethnographic research with young unmarried women attending university in Suva, Fiji. Young women disclosed experiencing a continuum of coercive behaviors, including verbal pressure, deception, and manipulation by male partners to initiate sexual intercourse, unprotected sex, and unsafe abortions. Findings indicate an urgent need to address IPV within premarital relationships in Fiji to promote young women's sexual and reproductive health and autonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores young iTaukei (Indigenous Fijian) women's perceptions and experiences of sexual risk. It draws on qualitative data collected in Suva, Fiji in 2011 and 2012. Participants included iTaukei female university students aged 18-29 years. We describe nine forms of sexual risk identified by young iTaukei women, and group these risks into three clusters - social risks, physical risks and intimate relational risks. We discuss how young women prioritise these risks differently depending on context, location and relationship. Findings point to a critical mismatch between current public health risk priorities and those risks identified as most important in the lives of young iTaukei women. Findings have important implications for strengthening sexual and reproductive health policy and practice in Fiji. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn Australia, Aboriginal young people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer or otherwise sexuality and gender diverse (LGBTQ+) are recognised within several overlapping priority populations in state and federal sexually transmissible infection and HIV strategies. However, limited research has documented their unique sexual health experiences, needs and preferences. In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 LGBTQ+ Aboriginal young people aged 16–24 years in New South Wales. Interviews incorporated questions about service access, positive and negative experiences and self-determined healthcare priorities. We conducted a strengths-based thematic analysis to understand the issues of greatest importance in sexual healthcare for participants. Using the framework of ‘imaginaries’, we explored how participants imagined sexual healthcare that would meet their individual and cultural needs. The dominant imaginary centred on respect, representation and the as-yet-unrealised possibility of sexual healthcare designed by and for people who shared the intersection of Aboriginal and LGBTQ+ experience. We identified individual-level, service-level and societal-level factors influencing this imaginary, including relationships, accessibility and experiences of racism. Analysing the imaginaries constructed by LGBTQ+ Aboriginal young people of empowering, culturally safe sexual healthcare that is ‘for them’ provides insight into potential service design to improve sexual health outcomes for this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses transactional sex among female university students in Fiji as related to the region's HIV epidemic. According to the author, local sexual cultures and practices, including concepts of gender, need to be considered in assessments of HIV risk in Fiji. Details related to the roles of modernisation, urbanisation, consumerism, and popular culture in transactional sex are presented. Concepts of gift giving and reciprocity in Fijian culture are also discussed.