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Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui atribut yang berpengaruh terhadap preferensi serta tingkat preferensi konsumen pasta mangga podang (Mangifera indica L.). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Conjoint. Responden yang diambil hanya hotel-hotel di kota Batu dan variabel independent (bebas) yang digunakan hanya 4 variabel (aroma, rasa, kekentalan dan warna). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa preferensi konsumen terhadap level atribut (karakteristik) pasta mangga podang adalah rasa lebih kuat rasa bahan tambahan paling disukai konsumen dengan nilai kegunaan sebesar 0,054, aroma lebih kuat aroma mangga podang disukai konsumen dengan nilai kegunaan sebesar 0,034, tingkat kekentalan yang kental lebih disukai konsumen dengan nilai kegunaan sebesar 0,047, dan warna coklat muda paling disukai konsumen dengan nilai kegunaan sebesar 0,018. Urutan atribut yang mempengaruhi preferensi pasta mangga podang yaitu rasa (38,24 %), kekentalan (30,88%), aroma (22,06%) dan warna 8,82%. Tingkat preferensi konsumen terhadap pasta mangga podang yang paling disukai konsumen terdapat pada profil 9 dengan kombinasi rasa lebih kuat rasa bahan tambahan, aroma lebih kuat aroma mangga podang, kekentalan yang kental dan warna coklat muda yang mempunyai nilai kegunaan total tertinggi yaitu 0,428. Kata Kunci : Preferensi Konsumen, Pasta Mangga, Metode Conjoint, Profil, Hotel Abstract The purpose of this research is to find out what attributes that influence preference and the level of customer preferences podang mango paste (Mangifera indica L.). The method used is the method of Conjoint. Respondents were drawn only for hotels in Batu city and independent variables (independent) used only 4 variables (smell, flavor, consistency and color). The results showed that the preferences of consumers towards level attributes (characteristics) podang mango paste is a more robust flavor additives most preferred by consumers with utility value of 0.054, smell more powerful smell of podang mango consumers preferred the utility value of 0.034, the viscosity of the more viscous consumers preferred the utility value of 0.047, and a light brown color most preferred by consumers with utility value of 0.018. The order of the attributes that affect the preferences podang mango paste flavor (38.24%), viscosity (30.88%), smell (22.06%) and color (8.82%). The level of consumer preference towards podang mango paste most preferred by consumers are on profile 9 with a stronger flavor combinations taste additives, stronger smell podang mango smell, consistency is thick and light brown color that has the highest total utility value of 0.428. Keywords: Consumer Preferences, Mango Paste, Conjoint Methods, Profiles, Hotels

Objectives: To describe an evaluation protocol for pediatric stone formers for risk assessment and management strategies. Materials and Methods: Between 2002-2006, 2618 children of age three months to 15 years were evaluated for stone disease. Evaluation included demographics, history, anthropometry, diet, ultrasound, X-ray KUB, IVU, blood and 24h urine chemistry and cultures. Stones were analyzed by IR spectroscopy. Results: The median age was seven years with a M:F ratio of 2.2:1. Of the 2618 patients, 2216 presented with normal renal function and 402 with renal failure. Main symptoms were abdominal pain (33%), flank pain (38%) and fever (38%). Renal failure patients also had shortness of breath (38%) and oligo-anuria (26%). Children were malnourished with height and weight deficits in 65% and 76% respectively. Diet was low in protein (74%), calcium (55%) and fluids in (55%), high in oxalate (55%), sodium (39%), purines (42%) and refined sugar (41%). Overall urine cultures were positive in 1208 (46%) with E. coli (38%) and Klebsiella (8%). Stone distribution was renal in 64%, ureter in 8%, bladder in 18%, bilateral in 40% and multiple sites in 18%. Median stone size was> 1.5-2.0 cm. The frequency of compounds in stones was ammonium urate (58%), calcium oxalate (63%), uric acid (6%), calcium phosphate (12%) and struvite (8%). Metabolic abnormalities included hypovolumia (31%), hypocitraturia (87%), hyperoxaluria (43%) and hyperuricosuria (26%). Dietary and medical treatment corrected risk factors in two-thirds of patients with a recurrence rate of about 1.15%. Conclusion: An evaluation based on history, imaging, diet, metabolic analysis and stone type can help to tailor management strategies.

This research aims to provide an understanding of the legal aspects of Village Fund Corruption. In detail, the objectives to be achieved are to analyze the Legal Regulation of the Crime of Corruption of Village Funds, the process of supervision of Village Funds in an effort to prevent Corruption Crimes in Batu Bara Regency and the Legal Considerations of Judges in Issuing Verdicts on Corruption Crimes of Village Funds in the Decision of the Medan District Court No.59/Pid.Sus-TPK/2019/PN Mdn.This study uses a statutory approach and a case approach in its normative juridical research methodology. The results of the study show that the Criminal Law Regulation on the Crime of Corruption of Village Funds, is contained in Law Number 31 of 1999 jo Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, especially articles 2 and 3. The mechanism for monitoring village funds requires the involvement of all parties, namely the village community, the Village Consultative Body (BPD), the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP), and related OPDs. The judge's decision is very important, because in it there is a value that can be in direct contact with human rights. In principle, only the judge's decision that has permanent legal force can be implemented. A decision can be said to have permanent legal force if it is issued through an open and transparent trial and no other legal remedies are submitted. Regulation of Village Fund Corruption is regulated in Law Number 31 of 1999 jo Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes articles 2 and 3. In carrying out the supervised supervision of village funds, the involvement of all parties is needed, and the judge's decision is very important, because in it there is a value that can be in direct contact with human rights.

Industrial dye effluent causes significant risks to the environment. The present study was focused on photocatalytic degradation of the dye Direct Red 28 using a ternary composite of graphitic carbon nitride, TiO2, and polyorthoanisidine (g-C3N4/TiO2/POA), prepared by in-situ oxidative polymerization o-anisidine. The synthesized composite g-C3N4/TiO2/POA properties were characterized using different analytical techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed the prominent pattern of TiO2 and g-C3N4 in the composite peak at 2θ° while Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results provided the confirmation peaks for g-C3N4/TiO2/POA and POA at 1,110 cm−1 and 1,084 cm−1 for C-O-C ether. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated an increase in the average size of the composite up to 428 nm. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) spectrum provided the weight percentages of the C, O, and Ti in the composite were 8.5%, 45.69%, and 45.81%, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation of Direct Red 28 dye under UV irradiation using a composite showed that 86% Direct Red 28 dye was degraded by a 30 mg/L dose of g-C3N4/TiO2/POA in 240 min at pH 2. After four consecutive cycles, the utilized composite showed 79% degradation of Direct Red 28, demonstrating the stability and effectiveness of the g-C3N4/TiO2/POA photocatalyst. The high reusability and efficiency of the g-C3N4/TiO2/POA composite are due to increased light absorption range and reduced e−/h+ recombination rate in the presence of g-C3N4 and POA.

During the last few years, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has emerged as a possible non-invasive biomarker for prediction of complications after lung transplantation. We previously published a proof-of-concept study using a digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR)-based method for detection of cfDNA. In the current study, we aimed to further evaluate the potential clinical usefulness of detecting chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) using three different ddPCR applications measuring and calculating the donor fraction (DF) of cfDNA as well as one method using the absolute amount of donor-derived cfDNA. We analyzed 246 serum samples collected from 26 lung transplant recipients. Nine of the patients had ongoing CLAD at some point during follow-up. All four methods showed statistically significant elevation of the measured variable in the CLAD samples compared to the non-CLAD samples. The results support the use of ddPCR-detected cfDNA as a potential biomarker for prediction of CLAD. These findings need to be validated in a subsequent prospective study.

Pakistan's Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are a critical component of its healthcare system, providing pre-hospital emergency care across a nation with over 220 million people. This article explores the evolutionary journey of Pakistan's EMS, highlighting both the challenges it faces and the strides it has made, with a specific emphasis on patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). To extract relevant information, we searched MEDLINE & Embase data bases using MeSH terms “Emergency Medical Services” OR “EMS” AND “Out-of-Hospital-Cardiac-Arrest” OR “OHCA” AND “Pakistan”. In addition, we also retrieved information from the EMS leadership in Pakistan through e-mails. We delve into the significance of key performance indicators for OHCA, advocate for the establishment of OHCA registries to improve patient outcomes, address regional disparities in pre-hospital care, and acknowledge the gradual progress of the EMS system.

Natural product synthesis is an important area of chemical study having various prospects for medicinal, industrial, and agricultural industry. Grignard reaction was developed as a flexible and necessary tool for the production of complex organic compounds in synthetic procedures. Additionally, the synthetic flexibility of the Grignard reaction facilitates its usage in the construction of more complicated ring frameworks and stereoselective transformations. It has been substantially applied in natural product synthesis, demonstrating its effectiveness in the generation of crucial C-C, C-X bonds and the development of intricate molecular structures. Use of Grignard reaction has been significantly studied towards the synthesis of biologically active natural products such as terpenoids, polyketides, alkaloids and amino acids. This review outlines the numerous instances where Grignard reagents have been exploited in the synthesis of notable natural products since past two years.

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. In 2018, there were an estimated 1.8 million cases, and this number is expected to increase to 2.2 million by 2030. Despite its prevalence, the current therapeutic option has a lot of side effects and limitations. Therefore, this study was designed to employ a computational approach for the identification of anti-cancer inhibitors against colorectal cancer using Resveratrol derivatives. Initially, the pass prediction spectrum of 50 derivatives was conducted and selected top seven compounds based on the maximum pass prediction score. After that, a comprehensive analysis, including Lipinski Rule, pharmacokinetics, ADMET profile study, molecular orbitals analysis, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, and MM-PBSA binding free energy calculations. The reported binding affinity ranges of Resveratrol derivatives from molecular docking were -6.1 kcal/mol to -7.9 kcal/mol against the targeted receptor of human armadillo repeats domain of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) (PDB ID: 3NMW). Specifically, our findings reported that two compounds [(03) Resveratrol 3-beta-mono-D-glucoside, and (29) Resveratrol 3-Glucoside] displayed the highest level of effectiveness compared to all other derivatives (-7.7 kcal/mol and -7.9 kcal/mol), and favorable drug-likeness, and exceptional safety profiles. Importantly, almost all the molecules were reported as free from toxic effects. Subsequently, molecular dynamic simulations conducted over 100ns confirmed the stability of the top two ligand-protein complexes. These findings suggest that Resveratrol derivatives may be effective drug candidate to manage the colorectal cancer. However, further experimental research, such as in vitro/in vivo studies, is essential to validate these computational findings and confirm their practical value.

Abstract The current work deals with the oblique stagnation point flow phenomenon of a rate-type Maxwell fluid with the significance of the Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion theory. The Cattaneo-Christov theory is illustrated through the modified form of Fourier’s and Fick’s laws. The steady magnetized flow mechanism is observed in two dimensions through a stretchable convective Riga plate. In the mass and heat transfer analysis, the consequences of chemical reactions and thermal radiation are also incorporated. With the contribution of relevant dimensionless quantities, the setup of dimensionless equations is acquired which further takes the form of nonlinear equations. The physical significance of the numerous parameters on different features of the flow phenomenon is graphically exhibited. The interesting physical quantities are computed and numerically evaluated relative to the pertinent parameters. This study reveals that the thermal relaxation time parameter lowers the rate of heat transfer, and the thermal Biot number enhances the rate of heat transport. Moreover, the Deborah number minimizes the flow field of both tangential and axial velocities.

Modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their incoporation in polymer matrix have attracted much attention of researchers. As maximum dispersion of CNTs could enhance the properties of matrix dynamically, researchers are trying to find new methodologies to obtain this target. However, maximum dispersion remains a great challenge and under the stage of progress. Here, we claimed the synthesis of composites with a highly uniform dispersion of the filler that results significantly improved electrical features. In this regard, composites of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were fabricated by using pristine and zwitterionic surfactant (ZIS) modified CNTs (ZIS-CNTs). Characterization was done by using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. UV–Vis and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of ZIS-CNTs and composites. UV–Vis spectra showed an increase in wavelength with the decrease in optical band gap for CNTs-based (CNTs/PMMA) and ZIS-CNTs-based (ZIS-CNTs/PMMA) composites. SEM and XRD studies confirmed a significant homogenoeus and uniform dispersion of CNTs in ZIS-CNTs/PMMA composites. An increase in conductivity of PMMA from 10−9 to 10−2 and 10−1 S/cm was observed on addition of less than 1% (mass fraction) of CNTs without and with modification by ZIS, respectively. Low values of percolation threshold at 0.5% and 0.005% for CNTs/PMMA and ZIS-CNTs/PMMA composites were obtained, respectively. TGA analysis showed a slow rate of decomposition for composites than that for pure PMMA. Around 600 °C, 3% CNTs/PMMA and 7% ZIS-CNTs/PMMA composites were left in the end, which depicts the increase in thermal stability of PMMA. This work depicts a better dispersion of CNTs in PMMA matrix via slight modification in synthesis as well as by using ZIS as surfactant.

Corruption crimes are cracked down not only by repressive efforts but also by preventive efforts. The Indonesian Public Prosecutor's Office has several stages of preventive efforts to carry out its intelligence functions. Indonesia's Attorney General's Office has introduced a new program called Security for Strategic Development - Regional Investment in implementing intelligence functions. The issue is what the legal status of the Technical Guidelines on Security for Strategic Development and Regional Investments of the Indonesian Public Prosecutor's Office in Anti-Corruption will be in terms of legal certainty. This study is a prescriptive legal study, descriptive analysis. A legal approach is used as the data is subject to various laws and regulations. Data collection through library and field research surveys accompanied by documentary study and interviews. Based on the qualitative analysis, the results show that the Strategic Development of the Indonesian Public Prosecutor's Office for Prevention of Corruption Crimes and Technical Guidelines for Security of Local Investments regulation was made by Law No.16 of 2004 concerning the Attorney General's Office of the Republic of Indonesia, Law No.17 of 2011 concerning State Intelligence, as well as the Regulation of the Attorney General No.PER-006/A/JA/07/2017 concerning the Organization and Work Procedure of the Indonesian Prosecutor's Office does not include the authority to prevent corruption based on the 2004 Attorney General's Law. B-484/D/Dpp/03/2020, dated March 12, 2020, by adapting it to Law No.11 of 2021 concerning the Indonesian Attorney General's Office, to provide legal certainty to prevent corruption.

Background: Unexplained musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms sometimes pose diagnostic and management challenges and can lead to prolonged suffering and disability. Hypovitaminosis D could be a reason for such symptoms. This study aimed to determine the vitamin D level among patients with unexplained MSK symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a private clinic of Chattogram city, Bangladesh. A total of 110 unexplained MSK patients were enrolled conveniently. MSK symptoms were assessed by rheumatologist and serum vitamin D levels were measured according to the standard laboratory procedure. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were done. Principal component analysis was performed for the reduction of MSK symptoms. Results: The median (interquartile range) vitamin D level was 24.6 (20.0–29.0) ng/mL. Hypovitaminosis D (