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1. Predictors of severity and prolonged hospital stay of viral acute respiratory infections (ARI) among children under five years in Burkina Faso, 2016–2019

Author

Ilboudo, Abdoul Kader, Cissé, Assana, Milucky, Jennifer, Tialla, Dieudonné, Mirza, Sara A., Diallo, Alpha Oumar, Bicaba, Brice W., Charlemagne, Kondombo Jean, Diagbouga, Potiandi Serge, Owusu, Daniel, Waller, Jessica L., Talla-Nzussouo, Ndahwouh, Charles, Myrna D., Whitney, Cynthia G., and Tarnagda, Zekiba

Published
2024
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3. 9/11, Language, Islam, and the Arrogance of Ignorance

Author

Mirza, Sara

Abstract

The US media has played an increasingly important role in shaping the Muslim identity. An Anti-Muslim rhetoric led by news channels only promoted fear and anxiety among Americans towards the Muslim world post 9/11. This paper tends to explore one such news channel--CNN and its contribution towards demonizing, vilifying, and racializing the Muslim world hence, reducing it to one region and language. In doing so, the researcher contends the existence of a systemic web which operates in conjunction to maintain the dominant ideology about Muslims. By means of critical discourse analysis it is argued that CNN under the pretense of its liberal stance has managed to reproduce the same rhetoric which reinstates the many stereotypes existing with regard to Muslims. However, this research also examines the representation of Arabic language and the subtle ways in which fear and negative connotations around Arabic has been induced among the audience.

Published
2022

5. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with severe respiratory failure from COVID-19.

Author

Shaefi, Shahzad, Brenner, Samantha, Gupta, Shruti, OGara, Brian, Krajewski, Megan, Charytan, David, Chaudhry, Sobaata, Mirza, Sara, Peev, Vasil, Anderson, Mark, Bansal, Anip, Hayek, Salim, Srivastava, Anand, Mathews, Kusum, Johns, Tanya, Leonberg-Yoo, Amanda, Green, Adam, Arunthamakun, Justin, Wille, Keith, Shaukat, Tanveer, Singh, Harkarandeep, Admon, Andrew, Semler, Matthew, Hernán, Miguel, Mueller, Ariel, Wang, Wei, and Leaf, David

Subjects
ARDS, COVID-19, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Mortality, Severe respiratory failure, VV-ECMO, Adult, COVID-19, Cohort Studies, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Treatment Outcome
Abstract

PURPOSE: Limited data are available on venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with severe hypoxemic respiratory failure from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: We examined the clinical features and outcomes of 190 patients treated with ECMO within 14 days of ICU admission, using data from a multicenter cohort study of 5122 critically ill adults with COVID-19 admitted to 68 hospitals across the United States. To estimate the effect of ECMO on mortality, we emulated a target trial of ECMO receipt versus no ECMO receipt within 7 days of ICU admission among mechanically ventilated patients with severe hypoxemia (PaO2/FiO2

Published
2021

9. Awake prone positioning for non-intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Li, Jie, Luo, Jian, Pavlov, Ivan, Perez, Yonatan, Tan, Wei, Roca, Oriol, Tavernier, Elsa, Kharat, Aileen, McNicholas, Bairbre, Ibarra-Estrada, Miguel, Vines, David, Bosch, Nicholas A, Rampon, Garrett, Simpson, Steven Q, Walkey, Allan J, Fralick, Michael, Verma, Amol, Razak, Fahad, Harris, Tim, Laffey, John G, Guerin, Claude, Ehrmann, Stephan, Mirza, Sara, Xue, Luzheng, Pavord, Ian D, Plamondon, Patrice, Jayaraman, Dev, Shahin, Jason, Dahine, Joseph, Kulenkamp, Anne, Pacheco, Andrés, and Vines, David L

Published
2022
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10. Lung ultrasound response to awake prone positioning predicts the need for intubation in patients with COVID-19 induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: an observational study

Author

Ibarra-Estrada, Miguel, Gamero-Rodríguez, María J., García-de-Acilu, Marina, Roca, Oriol, Sandoval-Plascencia, Laura, Aguirre-Avalos, Guadalupe, García-Salcido, Roxana, Aguirre-Díaz, Sara A., Vines, David L., Mirza, Sara, Kaur, Ramandeep, Weiss, Tyler, Guerin, Claude, and Li, Jie

Published
2022
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11. Awake prone positioning for COVID-19 acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: a randomised, controlled, multinational, open-label meta-trial

Author

Li, Jie, Mirza, Sara, Vines, David, Elshafei, Ahmad A, Scott, Brady J, Weiss, Tyler, Kaur, Ramandeep, Harnois, Lauren J, Miller, Amanda, Cerda, Flor, Klein, Andrew, Burd, Jacob R, Posa-Kearney, Kathleen, Trump, Matthew, Jackson, Julie, Oetting, Trevor, Greenwood, Mark, Hazel, Lindsay, Kingery, Lisa, Mogri, Idrees, Morris, Lindsey, Moon, Joon Yong, Garnett, Julianne, Jia, Shijing, Nelson, Kristine, McNicholas, Bairbre, Cosgrave, David, Giacomini, Camilla, Laffey, John, Brennan, Aoife, Judge, Conor, Kernan, Maeve, Kelly, Claire, Ranjan, Ritika, Casey, Siobhan, O'Connell, Kevin, Newell, Evelyn, Gallagher, David, Nichol, Alistair, Curley, Ger, Estrada, Miguel Ibarra, García-Salcido, Roxana, Vargas-Obieta, Alexandra, Aguirre-Avalos, Guadalupe, Aguirre-Díaz, Sara A, Alcántar-Vallín, Luz, Alvarado-Padilla, Montserrat, Chávez-Peña, Quetzalcóatl, López-Pulgarín, José A, Mijangos-Méndez, Julio C, Marín-Rosales, Miguel, García-Alvarado, Jorge E, Baltazar-González, Oscar G, González-Guerrero, Maura C, Gutiérrez Ramírez, Paola G, Pavlov, Ivan, Gilman, Sean, Plamondon, Patrice, Roy, Rachel, Jayaraman, Dev, Shahin, Jason, Ragoshai, Raham, Kaur, Aasmine, Campisi, Josie, Dahine, Joseph, Perron, Stefanie, Achouri, Slimane, Racette, Ronald, Kulenkamp, Anne, Roca, Oriol, Pacheco, Andrés, García-de-Acilu, Marina, Masclans, Joan R, Dot, Irene, Perez, Yonatan, Bodet-Contentin, Laetitia, Garot, Denis, Ehrmann, Stephan, Mercier, Emmanuelle, Salmon Gandonnière, Charlotte, Morisseau, Marlène, Jouan, Youenn, Darwiche, Walid, Legras, Annick, Guillon, Antoine, Tavernier, Elsa, Dequin, Pierre-François, Tellier, Anne-Charlotte, Reignier, Jean, Lascarrou, Jean-Baptiste, Seguin, Amélie, Desmedt, Luc, Canet, Emmanuel, Guitton, Christophe, Marnai, Rémy, Callahan, Jean-Christophe, Landais, Mickaël, Chudeau, Nicolas, Darreau, Cédric, Tirot, Patrice, Saint Martin, Marjorie, Le Moal, Charlene, Nay, Mai-Anh, Muller, Grégoire, Jacquier, Sophie, Prat, Gwenaël, Bailly, Pierre, Ferrière, Nicola, Thille, Arnaud W, Frat, Jean-Pierre, Dellamonica, Jean, Saccheri, Clément, Buscot, Matthieu, Plantefève, Gaëtan, Contou, Damien, Roux, Damien, Ricard, Jean-Damien, Federici, Laura, Zucman, Noémie, Freita Ramos, Santiago, Amouretti, Marc, Besset, Sébastien, Gernez, Coralie, Delbove, Agathe, Voiriot, Guillaume, Elabbadi, Alexandre, Fartoukh, Muriel, Nseir, Saad, Préau, Sébastien, Favory, Raphaël, Pierre, Alexandre, Sement, Arnaud, Terzi, Nicolas, Sigaud, Florian, Candille, Clara, Turbil, Emanuele, Maizel, Julien, Brault, Clément, Zerbib, Yoan, Joret, Aurélie, Daubin, Cédric, Lefebvre, Laurent, Giraud, Alais, Auvet, Adrien, Vinsonneau, Christophe, Marzouk, Mehdi, Quenot, Jean-Pierre, Andreu, Pascal, Labruyère, Marie, Roudaut, Jean-Baptiste, Aptel, François, Boyer, Alexandre, Boyer, Philippe, Lacherade, Jean-Claude, Hille, Hugo, Bouteloup, Marie, Jeannot, Matthieu, Feller, Marc, Grillet, Guillaume, Levy, Bruno, Kimmoun, Antoine, Ibarra-Estrada, Miguel, Garcia-Salcido, Roxana, Trump, Matthew W, and Laffey, John G

Published
2021
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16. Human Rotaviruses of Multiple Genotypes Acquire Conserved VP4 Mutations during Serial Passage.

Author

Carter, Maximilian H., Gribble, Jennifer, Diller, Julia R., Denison, Mark R., Mirza, Sara A., Chappell, James D., Halasa, Natasha B., and Ogden, Kristen M.

Subjects
ROTAVIRUSES, HUMAN biology, GENOTYPES, NUCLEOTIDE sequencing, VIRAL tropism, VACCINE manufacturing
Abstract

Human rotaviruses exhibit limited tropism and replicate poorly in most cell lines. Attachment protein VP4 is a key rotavirus tropism determinant. Previous studies in which human rotaviruses were adapted to cultured cells identified mutations in VP4. However, most such studies were conducted using only a single human rotavirus genotype. In the current study, we serially passaged 50 human rotavirus clinical specimens representing five of the genotypes most frequently associated with severe human disease, each in triplicate, three to five times in primary monkey kidney cells then ten times in the MA104 monkey kidney cell line. From 13 of the 50 specimens, we obtained 25 rotavirus antigen-positive lineages representing all five genotypes, which tended to replicate more efficiently in MA104 cells at late versus early passage. We used Illumina next-generation sequencing and analysis to identify variants that arose during passage. In VP4, variants encoded 28 mutations that were conserved for all P[8] rotaviruses and 12 mutations that were conserved for all five genotypes. These findings suggest there may be a conserved mechanism of human rotavirus adaptation to MA104 cells. In the future, such a conserved adaptation mechanism could be exploited to study human rotavirus biology or efficiently manufacture vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. 1748. Viral and Bacterial Etiology of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children < 5 Years Old at a Major Pediatric Referral Center Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Hamdan, Olla, primary, Stopczynski, Tess, additional, Amarin, Justin Z, additional, Qwaider, Yasmeen Z, additional, Hayek, Haya, additional, Stewart, Laura S, additional, McHenry, Rendie, additional, Spieker, Andrew J, additional, Chappell, James, additional, Wikswo, Mary, additional, Mirza, Sara, additional, and Halasa, Natasha B, additional

Published
2023
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19. 650. Antibiotic Use among Children Seeking Medical Care with Acute Gastroenteritis within the New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, 2011-2021

Author

Balachandran, Neha, primary, Wikswo, Mary, additional, Boom, Julie A, additional, Sahni, Leila C, additional, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, additional, Harrison, Christopher J, additional, Halasa, Natasha B, additional, Stewart, Laura S, additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A, additional, Szilagyi, Peter G, additional, Englund, Janet A, additional, Klein, Eileen J, additional, Staat, Mary A, additional, Burrell, Allison, additional, Williams, John V, additional, Michaels, Marian G, additional, Parashar, Umesh D, additional, and Mirza, Sara, additional

Published
2023
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23. Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Norovirus Infections Among Diarrhea Patients Admitted to Tertiary Care Hospitals in Bangladesh

Author

Satter, Syed M, primary, Abdullah, Zarin, additional, Fariha, Farzana, additional, Karim, Yeasir, additional, Rahman, Md Mahfuzur, additional, Balachandran, Neha, additional, Ghosh, Probir Kumar, additional, Hossain, Mohammad Enayet, additional, Mirza, Sara A, additional, Hall, Aron J, additional, Gastañaduy, Paul A, additional, Rahman, Mustafizur, additional, Vinjé, Jan, additional, and Parashar, Umesh D, additional

Published
2023
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27. Outbreak of Acute Gastroenteritis Among Rafters and Backpackers in the Backcountry of Grand Canyon National Park, April-June 2022

Author

Dale, Ariella P., Miko, Shanna, Calderwood, Laura E., King, Ronan F., Maurer, Matthew, Dyer, Laurie, Gebhardt, Marette, Maurer, Wendy, Crosby, Shawna, Wikswo, Mary E., Said, Maria A., and Mirza, Sara A.

Subjects
Social service -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects, Gastroenteritis -- Health aspects, Ski resorts -- Health aspects, National parks and reserves -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

On May 11, 2022, the National Park Service (NPS) Office of Public Health (OPH) and Coconino County Health and Human Services (CCHHS) in Flagstaff, Arizona contacted CDC about a rising [...]

Published
2022

29. Household Transmission of Viral Acute Gastroenteritis Among Participants Within an Integrated Health Care Delivery System, 2014–2016.

Author

Balachandran, Neha, Mattison, Claire P, Calderwood, Laura E, Burke, Rachel M, Schmidt, Mark A, Donald, Judy, and Mirza, Sara A

Subjects
VIRAL gastroenteritis, INTEGRATED health care delivery, VIRAL transmission, HOUSEHOLDS, HEALTH care networks
Abstract

Background While enteric viruses are highly transmissible, household factors associated with transmission are less well documented. We identified individual- and household-level factors associated with viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) transmission in a large health care network in the United States. Methods Patients presenting with AGE were enrolled from April 2014 to September 2016. Patients and symptomatic household members were interviewed, and stool specimens were collected and tested for viral pathogens. Within a household, primary cases were those with the earliest symptom onset and a positive viral test result; secondary cases were household contacts (HHCs) with symptom onset 1-7 days from the primary case onset. Transmission households had at least 1 secondary case. Results Our analysis included 570 primary cases with 1479 HHCs. The overall secondary attack rate was 23%. HHCs were likely to become secondary cases (n = 338) if they were <5 years old (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2–2.6). Secondary transmission was likely to occur if the primary case was aged <5 years (aOR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4–3.6) or 5 to 17 years (aOR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.9–5.7), was norovirus positive (aOR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9–3.7), had a diapered contact (aOR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.6-3.2), or reported symptoms for >4 days (aOR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1–2.1). Households with ≥3 members (aOR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1–4.5) were more likely to experience transmission. Discussion Risk of AGE transmission within households increased if the primary case was younger, was norovirus positive, had a longer symptom duration, or had a diapered contact. Targeted prevention messaging around appropriate cleaning, disinfection, and isolation of persons with AGE should be encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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32. Additional file 1 of Predicting norovirus and rotavirus resurgence in the United States following the COVID-19 pandemic: a mathematical modelling study

Author

Lappe, Brooke L., Wikswo, Mary E., Kambhampati, Anita K., Mirza, Sara A., Tate, Jacqueline E., Kraay, Alicia N. M., and Lopman, Ben A.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Norovirus (left) and rotavirus (right) compartmental model structure. Supplementary Figure 2. Mobility estimates as the reduction in mobility on a scale from 0 (no mobility reduction) to 1 (100% mobility reduction) from February 4th, 2020.

Published
2023
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33. 2153. Clinical Characteristics and Pathogen Detection in Children with Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Illness and Acute Gastroenteritis

Author

Hayek, Haya, primary, Amarin, Justin Z, additional, Stopczynski, Tess, additional, Stewart, Laura S, additional, Spieker, Andrew J, additional, LeMasters, Elizabeth, additional, Lively, Joana Y, additional, Curns, Aaron T, additional, Wikswo, Mary, additional, Mirza, Sara, additional, Chappell, James, additional, and Halasa, Natasha B, additional

Published
2022
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34. 1540. Clinical severity across five viral diarrheal pathogens in infants and young children Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS)

Author

Cates, Jordan, primary, Tate, Jacqueline E, additional, Parashar, Umesh D, additional, Mirza, Sara, additional, Nasrin, Dilruba, additional, Farag, Tamer H, additional, Panchalingam, Sandra, additional, Sur, Dipika, additional, Faruque, Abu S G, additional, Breiman, Robert F, additional, Jahangir Hossain, M, additional, Mandomando, Inacio, additional, Onyando, Richard O, additional, Nataro, James P, additional, Levine, Myron M, additional, and Kotloff, Karen L, additional

Published
2022
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36. Norovirus Outbreaks Reported Through NoroSTAT--12 States, August 2012-July 2022

Author

Kambhampati, Anita K., Wikswo, Mary E., Barclay, Leslie, Vinje, Jan, and Mirza, Sara A.

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Infection control -- Health aspects, Hygiene -- Health aspects, Gastroenteritis -- Development and progression, Health
Abstract

Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in the United States (1). In April 2020, the incidence of norovirus outbreaks in the United States declined substantially, likely because of [...]

Published
2022

39. Risk Factors for Acute Gastroenteritis Among Patients Hospitalized in 5 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, 2016–2019

Author

Balachandran, Neha, primary, Cates, Jordan, additional, Kambhampati, Anita K, additional, Marconi, Vincent C, additional, Whitmire, Alexis, additional, Morales, Elena, additional, Brown, Sheldon T, additional, Lama, Diki, additional, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, additional, Moronez, Rosalba Gomez, additional, Domiguez, Gilberto Rivera, additional, Beenhouwer, David O, additional, Poteshkina, Aleksandra, additional, Matolek, Zlatko Anthony, additional, Holodniy, Mark, additional, Lucero-Obusan, Cynthia, additional, Agarwal, Madhuri, additional, Cardemil, Cristina, additional, Parashar, Umesh, additional, and Mirza, Sara A, additional

Published
2022
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42. Determination of predominance of influenza virus strains in the Americas

Author

Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Garten, Rebecca J., Palekar, Rakhee, Cerpa, Maurieio, Mirza, Sara, Ropero, Alba Maria, Palomeque, Francisco S., Moen, Ann, Bresee, Joseph, Shaw, Michael, and Widdowson, Marc-Alain

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Influenza vaccines -- Health aspects, Viral proteins -- Health aspects, Influenza -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

During 2002-2008, infection with influenza viruses caused 40,880-160,270 deaths each year throughout the Americas (1). To prevent illness and death, medical staff in 35 countries throughout the Americas administer influenza [...]

Published
2015
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43. Spatiotemporal Trends in Norovirus Outbreaks in the United States, 2009–2019.

Author

Kambhampati, Anita K, Calderwood, Laura, Wikswo, Mary E, Barclay, Leslie, Mattison, Claire P, Balachandran, Neha, Vinjé, Jan, Hall, Aron J, and Mirza, Sara A

Subjects
PUBLIC health surveillance, GASTROENTERITIS, VACCINE development, POPULATION geography, VACCINE effectiveness, SEASONS, NOROVIRUS diseases, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Background Globally, noroviruses cause infections year-round but have recognized winter seasonality in the Northern Hemisphere and yearly variations in incidence. With candidate norovirus vaccines in development, understanding temporal and geographic trends in norovirus disease is important to inform potential vaccination strategies and evaluate vaccine impact. Methods We analyzed data from the National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) and CaliciNet on single-state norovirus outbreaks that occurred during August 2009–July 2019 in the contiguous United States. We defined norovirus season onset and offset as the weeks by which 10% and 90% of norovirus outbreaks in a surveillance year occurred, respectively, and duration as the difference in weeks between onset and offset. We compared norovirus seasons across surveillance years and geographic regions. Results During August 2009–July 2019, 24 995 single-state norovirus outbreaks were reported to NORS and/or CaliciNet. Nationally, the median norovirus season duration was 24 weeks, with onset occurring between October and December and offset occurring between April and May. Across all years combined, we observed a west-to-east trend in seasonality, with the earliest onset (October) and latest offset (May) occurring in western regions and the latest onset (December) and earliest offset (April) occurring in northeastern regions. Conclusions Timing and duration of the US norovirus season varied annually but generally occurred during October–May. Norovirus wintertime seasonality was less distinct in western regions and was progressively more pronounced moving east. Further understanding the drivers of spatiotemporal dynamics of norovirus could provide insights into factors that promote virus transmission and help guide future interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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44. Association of secretor status and recent norovirus infection with gut microbiome diversity metrics in a Veterans Affairs population

Author

Johnson, Jordan A, primary, Read, Timothy D, additional, Petit, Robert A, additional, Marconi, Vincent C, additional, Meagley, Kathryn L, additional, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, additional, Beenhouwer, David O, additional, Brown, Sheldon T, additional, Holodniy, Mark, additional, Lucero-Obusan, Cynthia A, additional, Schirmer, Patricia, additional, Ingersoll, Jessica M, additional, Kraft, Colleen S, additional, Neill, Frederick H, additional, Atmar, Robert L, additional, Kambhampati, Anita K, additional, Cates, Jordan E, additional, Mirza, Sara A, additional, Hall, Aron J, additional, Cardemil, Cristina V, additional, and Lopman, Benjamin A, additional

Published
2022
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46. Awake prone positioning for COVID-19 acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: a randomised, controlled, multinational, open-label meta-trial

Author

Ehrmann, Stephan, primary, Li, Jie, additional, Ibarra-Estrada, Miguel, additional, Perez, Yonatan, additional, Pavlov, Ivan, additional, McNicholas, Bairbre, additional, Roca, Oriol, additional, Mirza, Sara, additional, Vines, David, additional, Garcia-Salcido, Roxana, additional, Aguirre-Avalos, Guadalupe, additional, Trump, Matthew W, additional, Nay, Mai-Anh, additional, Dellamonica, Jean, additional, Nseir, Saad, additional, Mogri, Idrees, additional, Cosgrave, David, additional, Jayaraman, Dev, additional, Masclans, Joan R, additional, Laffey, John G, additional, Tavernier, Elsa, additional, Elshafei, Ahmad A, additional, Scott, Brady J, additional, Weiss, Tyler, additional, Kaur, Ramandeep, additional, Harnois, Lauren J, additional, Miller, Amanda, additional, Cerda, Flor, additional, Klein, Andrew, additional, Burd, Jacob R, additional, Posa-Kearney, Kathleen, additional, Trump, Matthew, additional, Jackson, Julie, additional, Oetting, Trevor, additional, Greenwood, Mark, additional, Hazel, Lindsay, additional, Kingery, Lisa, additional, Morris, Lindsey, additional, Moon, Joon Yong, additional, Garnett, Julianne, additional, Jia, Shijing, additional, Nelson, Kristine, additional, Giacomini, Camilla, additional, Laffey, John, additional, Brennan, Aoife, additional, Judge, Conor, additional, Kernan, Maeve, additional, Kelly, Claire, additional, Ranjan, Ritika, additional, Casey, Siobhan, additional, O'Connell, Kevin, additional, Newell, Evelyn, additional, Gallagher, David, additional, Nichol, Alistair, additional, Curley, Ger, additional, Estrada, Miguel Ibarra, additional, García-Salcido, Roxana, additional, Vargas-Obieta, Alexandra, additional, Aguirre-Díaz, Sara A, additional, Alcántar-Vallín, Luz, additional, Alvarado-Padilla, Montserrat, additional, Chávez-Peña, Quetzalcóatl, additional, López-Pulgarín, José A, additional, Mijangos-Méndez, Julio C, additional, Marín-Rosales, Miguel, additional, García-Alvarado, Jorge E, additional, Baltazar-González, Oscar G, additional, González-Guerrero, Maura C, additional, Gutiérrez Ramírez, Paola G, additional, Gilman, Sean, additional, Plamondon, Patrice, additional, Roy, Rachel, additional, Shahin, Jason, additional, Ragoshai, Raham, additional, Kaur, Aasmine, additional, Campisi, Josie, additional, Dahine, Joseph, additional, Perron, Stefanie, additional, Achouri, Slimane, additional, Racette, Ronald, additional, Kulenkamp, Anne, additional, Pacheco, Andrés, additional, García-de-Acilu, Marina, additional, Dot, Irene, additional, Bodet-Contentin, Laetitia, additional, Garot, Denis, additional, Ehrmann, Stephan, additional, Mercier, Emmanuelle, additional, Salmon Gandonnière, Charlotte, additional, Morisseau, Marlène, additional, Jouan, Youenn, additional, Darwiche, Walid, additional, Legras, Annick, additional, Guillon, Antoine, additional, Dequin, Pierre-François, additional, Tellier, Anne-Charlotte, additional, Reignier, Jean, additional, Lascarrou, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Seguin, Amélie, additional, Desmedt, Luc, additional, Canet, Emmanuel, additional, Guitton, Christophe, additional, Marnai, Rémy, additional, Callahan, Jean-Christophe, additional, Landais, Mickaël, additional, Chudeau, Nicolas, additional, Darreau, Cédric, additional, Tirot, Patrice, additional, Saint Martin, Marjorie, additional, Le Moal, Charlene, additional, Muller, Grégoire, additional, Jacquier, Sophie, additional, Prat, Gwenaël, additional, Bailly, Pierre, additional, Ferrière, Nicola, additional, Thille, Arnaud W, additional, Frat, Jean-Pierre, additional, Saccheri, Clément, additional, Buscot, Matthieu, additional, Plantefève, Gaëtan, additional, Contou, Damien, additional, Roux, Damien, additional, Ricard, Jean-Damien, additional, Federici, Laura, additional, Zucman, Noémie, additional, Freita Ramos, Santiago, additional, Amouretti, Marc, additional, Besset, Sébastien, additional, Gernez, Coralie, additional, Delbove, Agathe, additional, Voiriot, Guillaume, additional, Elabbadi, Alexandre, additional, Fartoukh, Muriel, additional, Préau, Sébastien, additional, Favory, Raphaël, additional, Pierre, Alexandre, additional, Sement, Arnaud, additional, Terzi, Nicolas, additional, Sigaud, Florian, additional, Candille, Clara, additional, Turbil, Emanuele, additional, Maizel, Julien, additional, Brault, Clément, additional, Zerbib, Yoan, additional, Joret, Aurélie, additional, Daubin, Cédric, additional, Lefebvre, Laurent, additional, Giraud, Alais, additional, Auvet, Adrien, additional, Vinsonneau, Christophe, additional, Marzouk, Mehdi, additional, Quenot, Jean-Pierre, additional, Andreu, Pascal, additional, Labruyère, Marie, additional, Roudaut, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Aptel, François, additional, Boyer, Alexandre, additional, Boyer, Philippe, additional, Lacherade, Jean-Claude, additional, Hille, Hugo, additional, Bouteloup, Marie, additional, Jeannot, Matthieu, additional, Feller, Marc, additional, Grillet, Guillaume, additional, Levy, Bruno, additional, and Kimmoun, Antoine, additional

Published
2021
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47. 702. Risk Factors for Acute Gastroenteritis Among Patients Hospitalized in 5 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, 2016–19

Author

Balachandran, Neha, primary, Cates, Jordan, additional, Kambhampati, Anita, additional, Marconi, Vincent, additional, Brown, Sheldon T, additional, Rodriguez–Barradas, Maria C, additional, Beenhouwer, David, additional, Holodniy, Mark, additional, Lucero-Obusan, Cynthia A, additional, Cardemil, Cristina, additional, Parashar, Umesh D, additional, and Mirza, Sara, additional

Published
2021
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48. Awake prone positioning in non-intubated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19: A systematic review of proportional outcomes comparing observational studies with and without awake prone positioning in the setting of COVID-19

Author

Pavlov, Ivan, He, Hangyong, Mcnicholas, Bairbre, Perez, Yonatan, Tavernier, Elsa, Trump, Matthew, Jackson, Julie, Zhang, Wei, Rubin, Daniel, Spiegel, Thomas, Hung, Anthony, Estrada, Miguel Ángel Ibarra, Roca, Oriol, Vines, David, Cosgrave, David, Mirza, Sara, Laffey, John, Rice, Todd, Ehrmann, Stephan, Li, Jie, Department of Emergency Medicine [Montréal, Canada], Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Capital University of Medical Sciences [Beijing] (CUMS), University Hospital Galway, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100 (CEPR), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d’Investigation Clinique [Tours] CIC 1415 (CIC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CRICS-TRIGGERSEP, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Second Military Medical University [Shanghai], University of Chicago, Universidad de Guadalajara, Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Rush University Medical Center [Chicago], National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine [Nashville], Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100. Equipe 3 'Aérosolthérapie et biothérapies à visée respiratoire' (CEPR. Equipe 3), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Acute respiratory failure (ARF), Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF), Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), Non-invasive ventilation (NIV), Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), Awake prone positioning (APP), [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract
Abstract

International audience; Background Awake prone positioning (APP) has been advocated to improve oxygenation and prevent intubations of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This paper aims to synthesize the available evidence on the efficacy of APP.Methods: We performed a systematic review of proportional outcomes from observational studies to compare intubation rate in patients treated with APP or with standard care.Results: A total of 46 published and 4 unpublished observational studies that included 2994 patients were included, of which 921 patients were managed with APP, and 870 patients were managed with usual care. APP was associated with significant improvement of oxygenation parameters in 381 cases of 19 studies that reported this outcome. Among the 41 studies assessing intubation rates (870 patients treated with APP, and 852 patients treated with usual care), the intubation rate was 27%(95%CI, 19 to 37%), as compared to 30%(95%CI, 20 to 42%)(p=0.71), even when duration of application, use of adjunctive respiratory assist device (high flow nasal cannula or non-invasive ventilation) and severity of oxygenation deficit were taken into account. There appeared to be a trend toward improved mortality when treated with APP was compared with usual care (11% v.s. 22%), which was not statistically significant.Conclusions: APP was associated with improvement of oxygenation but did not reduce the intubation rate in patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19. This finding is limited by the high heterogeneity and the observational nature of included studies. Randomized controlled clinical studies are needed to definitively assess whether APP could improve key outcome such as intubation and mortality rate in these patients.

Published
2021

49. A Response to “Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Motivation as Drivers for Early Engagement in Research by Medical Students” – A Medical Student Perspective [Letter]

Author

Mirza,Sara, Ahmed,Shazmin, and Hayat,Sulaiman

Subjects
Advances in Medical Education and Practice
Abstract

Sara Mirza, Shazmin Ahmed, Sulaiman Hayat King’s College London, GKT School of Medical Education, London, UKCorrespondence: Sulaiman HayatKing’s College London, GKT School of Medical Education, London SE1 9RT, UKEmail sulaiman.hayat@kcl.ac.uk Dear editorWe read with interest the recent article by Almari et al1 regarding intrinsic motivation(IM) and extrinsic motivation (EM) in the context of medical student involvementin research. The study found that medical students who engaged in researchwere more likely to report EM. As fourth- year medical students studying at King’sCollege London, who have undertaken an intercalated BSc and extra-curricularresearch, we commend what this article delineates and would like to offer ourviewpoint.Currently, the UK Foundation Programme (UKFP) application score consists ofup to 7 additional points relating to research; a maximum of 5 for an additionaldegree and 2 for publications. The percentage of applicants seeking additional pointshas increased from 30% to 70% in the most recent application round.2 As penultimate-year medical students, we have experienced the pressure of achieving thesepoints to make our applications competitive. With incredibly narrow deanery cut-offscores, the difference of one point could determine our two-year placement forfoundation training and subsequently the likelihood of being allocated our preferredspecialties. For us and many of our peers, the extra points are currently the mainmotivator to get involved in research, and we relate to the senior medical students inthis study who were influenced by the looming deadline of intern applications.1 View the original paper byAlmari and colleagues

Published
2021

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