Search

Introduction/Objective. Active treatment options for localized prostate cancer (LPCa) include surgery and radiotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in selected cases, but all options have side effects, mainly addressed to urinary, sexual, and bowel function. Our study aimed to assess and compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after open retropubic radical prostatectomy (ORRP) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Methods. Between June 2019 and May 2021, a total of 120 patients, with LPCa had undergone active treatment, as follow: ORRP – 60 patients and EBRT – 60 patients. A validated questionnaire, the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite Short Form (EPIC-26) instrument was used to assess PROM, through the following domains: urinary, sexual and bowel. Patients completed a questionnaire at baseline and six, 12, and 24 months after primary treatment. Results. All urinary scores had statistically significant interaction between time and group. After six, 12, and 24 months, all urinary scores were statistically significantly lower in the ORRP group. After 12 and 24 months, bowel score values were statistically significantly lower in patients in the ERBT group. Sexual scores change statistically significant during the follow-up period, without difference between the groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Both ORRP and EBRT are associated with decline of sexual scores. ORRP showed significant variations in all urinary scores, with more pronounced negative impact on urinary symptoms compared to EBRT during the entire follow-up period. Bowel scores are lower in EBRT.

The imperative of crisis management is to ensure sustainable risk management with respect to the financial and profit position of the company, which will not endanger the survival of the company, as well as to strengthen the ability to maintain financial vitality in times of crisis. The Covid-19 pandemic has been a completely new type of crisis because we cannot expect that the problems that have affected the economy and society as a whole will be recognized and solved in a short period of time. The paper aims to analyze the profit and financial position at the level of the mining sector in the Republic of Serbia. The research has included an analysis of operating income, operating and non-profit/loss parameters and then an analysis of key liquidity and solvency risk parameters for 2020 compared to the previous year, and compared to the average for the period 2015-2019 for sector B, namely Mining and its subsectors: coal exploitation, crude oil and natural gas exploitation, metal ore exploitation, other mining and service activities in mining and geological research. For the purpose of this research, the sample was taken from the Republic Bureau of Statistics of Serbia and from the official financial reports. The findings have shown that there was a decline in operating revenues in 2020 compared to 2019 in sector B, and that the downward trend in revenues was accompanied by a marked increase in operating and net profits, but also a marked increase in operating and net losses. The average values of the general liquidity ratio of companies in the analyzed subsectors show that they are far from the desired theoretical norm, which implies a significant level of risk connected to maintaining liquidity, which draws us to a conclusion that risk management should be considered as a priority.

The term "money laundering" is often used in the modern economy, as an activity that aims to legalize assets obtained through illegal actions, in order to conceal the true source. Capital acquired in this way represents a danger for every economy, because it enables its entry into legal flows. In this regard, the largest number of countries are trying to use various measures to oppose the spread of this phenomenon and its legalization. The aim of this paper is to point out the measures and actions taken in the area of money laundering prevention and comparison with the countries of the European Union.

The paper provides an introduction covering the absence of measures against the plague and other contagious diseases in the Ottoman Empire, the measures practiced in the Austrian Empire, the terminology used for measures against the spreading of the disease in the Serbian language, etc. This is followed by a section that covers the plague during the First Serbian Uprising and the remembrance of its disastrous consequences. The central part of the paper focuses on the measures against cholera and the plague taken by the Principality of Serbia, starting the 1830s. Regulations modeled after the Austrian counterparts passed in 1839 and 1841, establishing a cordon sanitaire toward the Ottoman Empire.

The paper analyses the work on the codification of the civil code in interwar Yugoslavia and Mihailo Konstantinović's opinion of that work, which lasted almost a decade and a half but did not lead to the adoption of the code. The paper describes the environment and circumstances in which the work on codification began, the main actors, their positions, the method of codification, and the outcome of that work - the creation of The Pre-Draft of the Civil Code for the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Mihailo Konstantinović's opinion on that work begins with the history of the creation of the Serbian Civil Code, and how it happened that the Austrian Civil Code was used as the basis, as opposed to the French Civil Code. Konstantinović's arguments for why it was wrong to use the Austrian Civil Code, instead of the 1888 Montenegrin General Property Code are presented.

Živojin Perić's work on codifying the civil code was analyzed through four questions. 1) Participation in the work of the body for drafting the Civil Code and its work on the text of the Code. 2) Perić's opinion on the codification method that was applied. 3) Perić's opinion on the legal terminology in the 1934 Draft Civil Code for the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. 4) Perić wrote the explanation (motives) 1-319. paragraph of the Draft Civil Code, which was officially published by the Ministry of Justice in 1939.

Thyroid storm is an acute and severe complication of thyrotoxicosis. It is characterized by high fever, sweating, tachycardia, and often heart failure too. The objectives of the paper is to present the case of a patient with thyroid storm developed after the trauma of the chest at previously apparently healthy individuals, diagnosed on the basis of clinical preview and based on the diagnostic criteria according to Burch and Wartofsky. The most common complication is Mb. Graves - Basedow, but often associated with multi-nodose goiter. Thyroid storm is the most severe form of thyrotoxicosis with a mortality rate of 8 to 25 %. Case report. We present an interesting case from our practice: thyroid storm caused after chest trauma in apparently healthy people, but with unrecognized hyperthyroidism and thyroid gland nodule. Conclusion. The objectives of this presentation were to raise awareness of the association between signs and symptoms of thyroid storm that dominate the clinical picture and complicate the initial presentation and the evolution of the situation caused by trauma. The treatment of hyperthyroidism resulted in conversion in sinus rhythm, withdrawal of symptoms and signs heart failure, and normalization of artery pressure.

Introduction/Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the profile of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in comparison to patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Methods. The study consisted of 222 adult participants with established fasting blood glucose values within the 5.6–6.9 mmol/L range. IGT was defined as blood glucose of 7.8–11.1 mmol/L in the second hour after the administration of 75 g during oral glucose tolerance test. IFG is the metabolic state between normal and impaired glucose tolerance, where fasting glucose levels are 5.6–6.9 mmol/L, and normal oral glucose tolerance test values. IGT was confirmed in 142 of these individuals (107 females and 35 males; aged 54 ± 13 years). The remaining 80 participants (56 females and 24 males, p = 0.329; aged 53 ± 13 years, p = 0.76) were considered the IFG group. The following parameters were analyzed in both groups: body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, fasting insulin levels, HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment – insulin resistance), C-reactive protein, fibrinogen concentrations and lipid profile. Results. Participants in the IGT group were more obese than those in the IFG group (body mass index 30.8 ± 5.5 kg/m2 vs. 26.7 ± 3.8 kg/m2, p < 0.001), and with greater waist circumference (111 ± 12 cm vs. 101 ± 6 cm; p < 0.001). Glucose levels (6.02 ± 0.75 mmol/L vs. 5.80 ± 0.62 mmol/L; p < 0.001), and blood insulin levels (21.61 ± 3.46 vs. 6.00 ± 2.8 mIU/L; p < 0.001), as well as HOMA-IR (5.78 ± 2.68 mIU/L vs. 1.54 ± 1.46 mIU/L; p < 0.001) were also higher in the IGT group. Median levels of HbA1c in IGT subjects were higher compared with those in the IFG group, but the difference was not statistically significant (6.21 ± 0.75% vs. 5.92 ± 0.43%; p = 0.105). Median hs-CRP levels in the IGT subjects (6.7 ± 4.88 mg/L) were higher than in the IFG subjects (5.83 ± 6.47 mg/L), but without statistical significance (p = 0.76). Conclusion. Our study indicates the presence of a large number of cardiovascular risk factors in both groups. Still, obesity, hyperinsulinemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, higher diastolic blood pressure, as well as sedentary lifestyle, were statistically significantly more prevalent in patients with IGT.

This paper reports on an experimental animal study evaluating a method of mandibular reconstruction in dogs using autogenous corticocaneclous bone graft and fibrin glue. Eight animals underwent a resection at the mandibular body and primary reconstruction was carried out using osteosynthesis plates and screws. The defect was bridged with an autogenous particulate bone graft from the anterior iliac crest. To accelerate bone healing, fibrin glue (FG) was mixed with particulate bone graft. The hypothesis of this study was based on the presumption that bone healing, in segmental reconstruction of the dog mandible with a particulate cancellous bone graft mixed with FG, would be successful. All dogs had eventful healing. The histological results were less favorable with regard to bone remodeling than the results obtained in similar experiments with a particulate corticocancellous bone graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a company is a living organism, its growth and development depends on the adequacy of planning, control and analytical procedures that are in use in all aspects of their own business. Under such conditions, the accounting analysis involves primarily adequate monitoring already included in the displayed information contained in the financial statements and in particular the analysis of data that are essential to the operation of any enterprise. Knowledge and the application of modern accounting analysis will give to the agribusiness company management a wide range of options in terms of uninterrupted growth and development of the agribusiness company in accordance with a pre-designed and presented vision and mission.

This is the first text in the Serbian language dedicated to Greek George Zaharijadis, who in 1829 translated the French Civil Code in Serbian language, using as basis its German translation, and thus became the first, though not meant to be, writer of the civil code in Serbia. The great Serbian educator Vuk S. Karadžić heavily criticized this translation, claiming that the interpreter understood neither Serbian nor German. Is this claim of Vuk Karadžić substantial or is it unfair and severe? To understand this we must answer the following questions: Who was actually George Zaharijadis? Is it true that the Greek spoke neither Serbian nor German? Did Vuk Karadžić know George Zaharijadis? The author tries to answer this question using the scarce preserved data about life of George Zaharijadis. Fortunately, the works and partly also the correspondence of George Zaharijadis are preserved, and give us evidence that this pedagogue, philologist and translator, a great erudite, besides his native Greek, spoke also Old Slavic-Serbian and German language, and that he belonged to the small group of highly educated men of his time.

This text is on freedom deprivation punishment in Serbia during the first half of 19th century, i.e. since the beginning of the First Serbian uprising in 1804 and till passing the Criminal law in 1860. Author first emphasises that the freedom deprivation punishment doesn't have long tradition, although in medieval Serbia and under Turkish rule existed imprisonment in dungeon, but it was foremost some form of custody before a trial, and subsequently as keeping a prisoner after the verdict until its effectuation. It wasn't a freedom deprivation punishment in modern sense. During 1804 - 1813 there was so called 'haps' i.e. apprehension, though Uprising authorities built also 'real' prisons for punishment purpose. Imprisonment of culprits was a condition for compulsory labour, which could be very useful utilized under given circumstances. Since the beginning 1820-ties when first Serbian courts were established, beside 'haps' appears also imprisonment in heavy shackles. However there was no substantial difference between apprehension and imprisonment. In this time the sentence to imprisonment was combined with the punishment with beating (or sometimes with the flogging at the end of imprisonment). The Regulation of County courts from January 26th 1840 mentions several forms of freedom deprivation punishment, but in praxis freedom deprivation was reduced on either 'eternal' imprisonment or time-sentenced imprisonment. Since the beginning of 1840-ties freedom deprivation was more frequently used as punishment and its implementation was continually spreading. For heaviest crimes was instead death penalty and running gauntlet sentenced freedom deprivation, either from courts or from supreme authority in the amnesty process. Imprisonment was effectuated either at police reformatories (for shorter penalties) or at the penitentiary institutions (for longer imprisonment). By the end of 1830-ties an issue of imprisonment of female perpetrators emerged, together with the problem of freedom deprivation punishment for mentally ill committers of criminal acts. Relatively early and in increasing number appeared regulations on effectuation of freedom deprivation punishments, intended to solve numerous practical and principle questions about realization of this penalty. Finally on December 20th 1851 was issued the Structure of Experimental Economy in Topčider Penitentiary, which regulated treatment of convicts, their work, penalties, behavior of guards etc. A new punishment purpose has become noticeable - compulsory re-education and remission through work, as a difference to previous aims: sheer intimidation and neutralization of public danger. At the end of herein observed time, in the year 1858 appeared first theoretical work on penitentiary institutions and Project of Law on Effectuation of Freedom Deprivation Penalties. This project was elaborated on broad fundaments, with regulations for each form of freedom deprivation penalty, but wasn't accepted due to the lack of financial means.

Background. Merkel cell carcinom is a rare neuroendrocine tumor of skin which manifests it self through aggressive growth and early regional metastasis. It develops mainly in older population. Locally, the tumor spreads intracutaneously. Case report. We showed two cases (females of 89 and 70 years old) hospitalized within the last two years. The first patient was treated surgically three times. After the surgery, the patient was treated with radio therapy, and died 3 years from the beginning of the treatment. The second patient with this neuroendocrine tumor with the high malignancy potential and huge regional metastasis, was treated surgically, and died a month and a half after the operation. Conclusion. These two cases confirmed the aggressive and recidivant growth of this tumor with the difficult pathologic investigation, and the extremely bad prognosis inspite of the treatment.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease, with a significant effect on quality of life (QoL)., Aim: To evaluate the impact of AD on QoL of Montenegrin infants and their parents and to identify predictors affecting their QoL., Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2017 and July 2018 and included 186 infants with AD aged 0-4 years and their parents. The severity of disease was measured by the Three-Item Severity (TIS) score, while QoL was assessed with the Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL) and the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) questionnaire., Results: The mean overall scores were 14.72 for IDQOL and 17.78 for DFI. The positive correlation was observed between AD severity and both the IDQOL and DFI scores ( r = 0.61, p < 0.001 and r = 0.67, p < 0.001, respectively). The highest-scoring IDQOL items were "itching and scratching", and "child's mood". Poorer infants' QoL was associated with more serious AD ( B = 2.56; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.08-3.04), concomitant atopic disease ( B = 3.86; 95% CI: 1.78-5.94), family history of atopic disease ( B = 3.80; 95% CI: 1.84-5.77), older age of the child ( B = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.20-2.07) and older age of the parent ( B = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.04-0.53). Similarly, parents had poorer QoL if their infants had more severe AD ( B = 2.56; 95% CI: 2.14-2.87), another atopic disease ( B = 2.91; 95% CI: 0.99-4.84) or family history of atopic disease ( B = 4.33; 95% CI: 2.57-6.09)., Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that AD has a significant negative impact on infants' QoL as well as on QoL of their parents., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Termedia Sp. z o. o.)

In 342 patients with dentofacial deformities cephalometric analyses were preoperatively performed. A study of occlusion on cast models as the simulated new position of the facial soft tissues was done on the photographs. Surgical treatment using bimaxillary osteotomies for correction of dentofacial deformities was done in 38 patients: 31 with prognathism and maxillary hypoplasia, 5 with facial asymmetry and laterognathism and in 2 with otomandibular dysostosis. The LeFort I type osteotomy was used for the upper jaw and Obwegeser technique for the lower jaw. Intermaxillary and circumzygomatic immobilization were removed 8-10 weeks after the operation. After that, the patients retained the individual chin traction from 2 to 3 months. The complete relapse occurred in one patient and prolonged loss of the mandibular nerve sensibility in one.

Twenty four patients with traumatic interruption of the conductivity of the facial nerve were treated in the period 1991-1996 at the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery. After topographic orientation about the site and level of the injury, the reconstruction of the nerve using nerve grafts was performed in all patients. The results were satisfactory.

War wounds of the maxillofacial region occur in 5-17% of casualties. In the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery of the Military Medical Academy, during the war in former Yugoslavia, 482 casualties with dominant wounds in the maxillofacial region were treated. The outcome of the treatment depended on the quality and speed of the first aid and general medical aid, as well as on qualified specialist treatment. Specificity of the management of the war wounds of maxillofacial region includes: minimal debridement of soft tissues, removal of only deperiosted fragments of bony tissues, valid reconstruction of bony and soft tissues defects, correct immobilization, antitetanus prophylaxis, adequate antibiotic therapy, as well as permanent and very meticulous postoperative care.

During the last twenty-five years, in the period from January 1, 1972 to December 31, 1996, 1006 injured with facial and jaw fractures have been treated at the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery of the Military Medical Academy--91.05% of the injured were males and 67.98% belonged to the age group between 11 and 30. The most frequent etiologic factors were traffic accidents (46.42%) and fights (38.07%). Isolated fractures of mandible were found in 51.09% of the injured. In 70.57% of the treated the surgery was used for adequate reduction, osteosynthesis and stabilization of bone fragments, and 29.34% of the injured were treated conservatively, which involved the manual reduction and intermaxillar immobilization. The post-operative complications were observed in 51 (5%) of the injured.

The results of the use of the vascularized fibular graft for the reconstruction of posttraumatic defects of the mandible are presented. Different surgical procedures were applied in reconstruction of the mandibular defects in 120 wounded. In the last four years vascularized fibular graft was used in 11 mandibular reconstructions. Taking into account the survival rate of 100%, long vascular pedicle, strength, length and the possibilities of adaptation of the bone make this graft suitable for mandibular reconstruction. The functional and esthetic results obtained by the use of this graft were satisfactory, with minimal donor site morbidity.

In the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery of Military Medical Academy, 134 injured with mandibular defects were treated, as well as a significantly larger number of injured from the territory of former Yugoslavia, with dominant injuries of the head and neck regions. Until June 1994, smaller defects were treated using bicortical osteotransplant of the iliac bone. Due to its only partial successfulness in reconstruction of mandibular defects, monocortical osteotransplant of the iliac bone was selected for reconstruction of the mandibular defects and the results were much better compared to the other free osteotransplants.

Autotransfusion as a method of blood compensation after multilative surgical operation in cases of malignant neoplasm of the maxillofacial region, was introduced in our clinical practice in 1989, and up to now we have performed it in a group of 23 patients. It has been known that an autotransfusion depends on the patients' general health situation, hemoglobin level, hematocrit and iron concentration in serum. We exfused at least three days before operation 450 ml of blood from each patient. The blood was taken into plastic bags and kept in the refrigerator at the temperature of +4 degrees C. The decrease of serum iron concentration was approximately 54.26% in all tested patients that demanded the substitution therapy with iron together with vitamin C before and after surgery. There was neither prolongation of postoperative treatment nor complications associated with this method of post-operative blood loss compensation. Based on obtained results we could conclude that the best method of inter- and postoperative blood compensation was autotransfusion, taking care about factors which could limit the possibilities of its applications.

A postoperative survey was conducted to evaluate the motivation of twenty three patients following surgical correction of mandibular prognathism. The operative technique of bimaxillary surgery was applied to all patients. The major reason for surgery was esthetics. Majority of patients were informed about surgery by their family dentists, and almost all of them were satisfied and stated that their expectations were fulfilled.

Dermoid cysts of the mouth floor are very rare. The incidence of these cysts is up to 3.6% of all cysts in the oral cavity. The article presents the material from the Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery MMA. Eleven cases of large dermoid cyst are discussed. All of them were removed completely and no recurrence developed in longer period of time postoperatively.

Within the period of 11 years 132 patients with fractures and dislocations of the zygomatic maxillary complex have been treated at the Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery of the M.M.A. In all cases the Converse-Valentine method was used which provided good reposition and fixation of fragments in the correct anatomic position as well as insight into the state of the orbital floor. In 75 operated patients (56.81%) it was necessary to reconstruct the orbital floor by osteo or allotransplants. The results have pointed out the necessity of operative reposition and fixation of fragments on three typical sites as well as the necessity of exploration of the orbital floor in order to prevent diplopia, sensibility disorders as well as traumatic neuralgia.

Ultrasonography is a relatively new diagnostic aid in maxillofacial surgery. It can be used in maxillofacial surgery in three modifications: Doppler sonography, A-scan sonography, B-scan sonography. As clinicians we wanted to determine what contribution ultrasound examination has made to the diagnosis of superficial maxillofacial masses, when compared with clinical examination, intraoperative findings and with other methods of investigations. Since 1985 B-scan sonography has been performed in the examination of congenital, inflammatory and neoplastic masses of the head and neck on more than 1500 patients. The ultrasound examination was performed in the Department of Radiology by radiologists. The value of the ultrasound findings varied depending on the soft tissue lesions which were examined and the experience of the radiologists who performed the examination. The advantages of the diagnostic ultrasound are in being noninvasive, without any known deleterious biological effect, rapid, painless, inexpensive and easily reproducible. Ultrasonography is a procedure which nowadays is routinely performed in our department for the preoperative evaluation of our cancer patients and postoperative follow-up as well as for the patients with inflammations, diseases of the salivary glands and soft tissue swellings.

Six and nine months after the experimental occlusal traumatism, the following histopathological changes of periodontal tissues were observed: --Disorganisation and necrosis of the collagen fibers, abundant cellular infiltration and dilatation of the blood vasels of the periodontium; --The periodontal space was enlarged. Directions of principal collagen fibers was changed. This was especially visible in the region of transeptal fibers; --The observed periodontal changes were correlated with the duration of inflammation and occlusal trauma. The longer these factors persisted the more extensive these periodontal changes occurred.