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In this study, we used an experimental design to investigate the influence of the total draft, break draft, distance between the aprons (Clips) and production roller pressure on yarn quality in order to obtain optimum drafting conditions for polyester and viscose (PES/CV) blend yarns in ring spinning frame. We used PES fibers (1.4 dtex × 38 mm long) and CV fibers (1.6 dtex × 38 mm long) to spin a 20 Tex blend yarn of PES (70%)/CV (30%) blend ratio. When the break draft, adjustment of distance between of aprons and roller pressure is not reasonable, controlling and leading of the fibers is not sufficient for proper orientation of the fibers in the yarn structure to produce a high quality yarn. Experimental results and statistical analysis show that the best yarn quality will be obtained under drafting conditions total draft of 38, 1.2 break draft, 2.8 mm distance between of aprons and maximum pressure of the production top roller (18daN).

There are different weft insertion methods used in the weaving machines. Electromagnetic launcher can be used as accelerator to yarn which is attached to ferromagnetic projectile. A validated finite element model can predict the system behavior accurately and faster than experiments. For optimization of the new weft insertion, the system outputs should be predicted by numerous states of inputs. Thus, prediction of the system outputs in less computation time is very important. The present study is an attempt to examine the use of an adaptive neuro fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) to simulate this new weft insertion system. The results show that simulation of this weft insertion system by ANFIS can function more efficiently and about 26 times faster than the finite element model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are different weft insertion methods in the looms. Electromagnetic launcher can be used to accelerate the yarn which attached to ferromagnetic projectile. In addition to yarn variables and weft insertion system type, weft yarn accelerator parameters strongly affect the weft yarn velocity, yarn pulling force and consequently the fabric quality. Therefore, in this research an experimental coil launcher is implemented and the projectile velocity is calculated by image processing for different states of launcher parameters. Studied parameters are the voltage which is applied to the solenoid, the initial position of the projectile inside the solenoid, the solenoid current-cut-time, the number of coils per centimeter, as well as the solenoid length. The results show that each studied parameter has an optimum value which changes the trend of projectile velocity during acceleration. The results of this research can be used for validation of this new weft insertion system models without experimental cost and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An electromagnetic launcher can be used as an accelerator for yarn attached to a ferromagnetic projectile. As a result, yarn endures a specific amount of tension. In addition to the yarn variables and the type of weft insertion system, the parameters of the weft yarn accelerator strongly affect the weft yarn velocity, its tension, and consequently the fabric quality. An applicable model that can represent the relationship between input and output parameters of this weft insertion system is very useful for predicting the strike of the projectile. Therefore, in this research a 3D imitating launching model was developed by the finite element method. A coil electromagnetic launcher was employed. An experimental methodology using an image-processing technique was also utilized to measure the projectile velocity. Numerical results were compared with experimental results to verify the numerical procedure. A validated model can be a reliable tool to investigate the effects of many process parameters on the strike of the projectile and to optimize them. Therefore, the system parameters can be scientifically defined by this model to insert a weft yarn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The light profile method using image processing is a suitable technique for the assessment and analysis of fabric wrinkle. In this method the colour and fabric pattern have no effects on the results. The heights of the light profiles created by fabric wrinkles are considered as the most important factor in this study. The standard deviation, mean deviations and mean heights of the light profile on the fabric surface are other factors used in this work. The results indicated that mean deviations is the most accurate method of assessing fabric wrinkle. At the same time the results showed good agreement with the assessments of experts in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports an analytical study of the contact pressure between an elastic garment and some parts of the human body whose geometries are cylindrical and conical, which is based on contact mechanics. The results of this model are compared with a numerical simulation using the finite element method as well as an experimental approach. This model is based on an analysis of contact areas between body and the garment. The numerical solution is done using ANSYS-9 software. The results showed good agreement between the analytical and software analysis. As a result, validation of the software is guaranteed for analysis of other areas of the body using this software. The results show a maximum error of about 7 percent between the theoretical and software solutions. An experimental case study shows there is always good agreement in the presence of friction which, was not included in the analytical and software solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]