5 results on '"Mir Lais Mustafa"'
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2. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Afghanistan, 2009
- Author
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Mir Lais Mustafa, Edris Ayazi, Emad Mohareb, Sam Yingst, Alia Zayed, Cynthia A. Rossi, Randal J. Schoepp, Jawad Mofleh, Kathy Fiekert, Zarif Akhbarian, Homayoon Sadat, and Toby Leslie
- Subjects
viruses ,vector-borne infections ,ticks ,Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever ,CCHF ,Afghanistan ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
In response to an outbreak of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in western Afghanistan, we measured immunoglobulin G seroprevalence among household members and their animals. Seroprevalence was 11.2% and 75.0% in humans (n = 330) and livestock (n = 132), respectively. Persons with frequent exposure to cattle had an elevated risk of being immunoglobulin G positive.
- Published
- 2011
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3. Moving Beyond Essential Interventions for Reduction of Maternal Mortality (the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health)
- Author
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Surasak Taneepanichsku, Robert Clive Pattinson, Alberto Narváez, Juan Manuel Nardin, Hoang Thi Bang, Ahmet Metin Gülmezoglu, Zahida Qureshi, Caroline A Crowther, Mario Merialdi, Matthews Mathai, Yvonne Mugerwa, Bukola Fawole, Anthony Armson, Buyanjargal Yadamsuren, Jean José Wolomby-Molondo, Mir Lais Mustafa, Gunilla Lindmark, Bernardo Hernández-Prado, Pisake Lumbiganon, Zenaida Dy Recidoro, Suneeta Mittal, Rajiv Bahl, Daniel Giordano, Jose Martines, Togoobaatar Ganchimeg, Nguyen Viet Tien, Idi Nafiou, Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo, Liana Campodonico, Mary Ellen Stanton, Carol J. R. Hogue, Malinee Laopaiboon, Khalid Yunis, João Paulo Souza, Cristina Beatriz Cuesta, Nelly Zavaleta, Laxmi Raj Pathak, Wang Yan, José Guilherme Cecatti, Isilda Neves, Maria José Costa, N. Intarut, Malabika Roy, P. Ruyan, Joshua P. Vogel, N Shrestha, Syeda Batool Mazhar, Chandani Anoma Jayathilaka, Tung Rathavy, Lale Say, Kapila Jayaratne, Guillermo Carroli, Eliette Valladares, Kang Chuyun, Rintaro Mori, Deepthi Perera, Kannitha Cheang, Vicente Bataglia, Ricardo Pérez-Cuevas, and Mira A. Wehbe
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,Cross-sectional study ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Maternal Welfare ,Psychological intervention ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Standardized mortality ratio ,Health facility ,Environmental health ,Maternal near miss ,Global health ,medicine ,Caesarean section ,Maternal death ,education ,business - Abstract
Summary Background We report the main findings of the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health (WHOMCS), which aimed to assess the burden of complications related to pregnancy, the coverage of key maternal health interventions, and use of the maternal severity index (MSI) in a global network of health facilities. Methods In our cross-sectional study, we included women attending health facilities in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East that dealt with at least 1000 childbirths per year and had the capacity to provide caesarean section. We obtained data from analysis of hospital records for all women giving birth and all women who had a severe maternal outcome (SMO; ie, maternal death or maternal near miss). We regarded coverage of key maternal health interventions as the proportion of the target population who received an indicated intervention (eg, the proportion of women with eclampsia who received magnesium sulphate). We used areas under the receiver operator characteristic curves (AUROC) with 95% CI to externally validate a previously reported MSI as an indicator of severity. We assessed the overall performance of care (ie, the ability to produce a positive effect on health outcomes) through standardised mortality ratios. Results From May 1, 2010, to Dec 31, 2011, we included 314 623 women attending 357 health facilities in 29 countries (2538 had a maternal near miss and 486 maternal deaths occurred). The mean period of data collection in each health facility was 89 days (SD 21). 23 015 (7·3%) women had potentially life-threatening disorders and 3024 (1·0%) developed an SMO. 808 (26·7%) women with an SMO had post-partum haemorrhage and 784 (25·9%) had pre-eclampsia or eclampsia. Cardiovascular, respiratory, and coagulation dysfunctions were the most frequent organ dysfunctions in women who had an SMO. Reported mortality in countries with a high or very high maternal mortality ratio was two-to-three-times higher than that expected for the assessed severity despite a high coverage of essential interventions. The MSI had good accuracy for maternal death prediction in women with markers of organ dysfunction (AUROC 0·826 [95% CI 0·802–0·851]). Interpretation High coverage of essential interventions did not imply reduced maternal mortality in the health-care facilities we studied. If substantial reductions in maternal mortality are to be achieved, universal coverage of life-saving interventions need to be matched with comprehensive emergency care and overall improvements in the quality of maternal health care. The MSI could be used to assess the performance of health facilities providing care to women with complications related to pregnancy. Funding UNDP–UNFPA–UNICEF–WHO–World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP); WHO; USAID; Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan; Gynuity Health Projects.
- Published
- 2014
4. An outbreak of hepatic veno-occlusive disease in Western afghanistan associated with exposure to wheat flour contaminated with pyrrolizidine alkaloids
- Author
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Hans P. van Egmond, Jawad Mofleh, John Watson, Toby Leslie, Zarif Akbarian, Mohammad Fahim Omar, Mir Lais Mustafa, and Faizullah Kakar
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Pharmacology ,Veterinary medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hepatic veno-occlusive disease ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,Wheat flour ,Outbreak ,food and beverages ,Odds ratio ,Contamination ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,lcsh:RA1190-1270 ,Pyrrolizidine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,business ,lcsh:Toxicology. Poisons ,Research Article ,Food contaminant - Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alakloids (PAs) are known to cause hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD). Outbreaks have occurred in Western Afghanistan since 1974, the latest in February 2008. We conducted an outbreak investigation using a case-control design. Sixty-seven cases of VOD were compared with 199 community controls. Consumption of bread was strongly associated with disease (adjusted odds ratio: 35.8 [95%CI: 7.6–168.2]). Toxic doses of PA were found in plant extracts and in samples of wheat flour taken from the study area. Compared to wheat flour there was 1000 times less PA in milk and whey and in water samples the PA content was zero. Although direct analysis was not possible, contaminated wheat flour used to make bread was the likely source of PA causing the outbreak. Eating a more varied diet including meat and fruit may be protective. Prevention and control measures will rely on community awareness and agricultural interventions to ensure safety of the food supply.
- Published
- 2010
5. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Afghanistan, 2009
- Author
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Homayoon Sadat, Sam Yingst, Zarif Akhbarian, Randal J. Schoepp, Cynthia A. Rossi, Mir Lais Mustafa, Edris Ayazi, Jawad Mofleh, Toby Leslie, Alia Zayed, Emad Mohareb, and Kathy Fiekert
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever ,Epidemiology ,vector-borne infections ,lcsh:Medicine ,Antibodies, Viral ,Immunoglobulin G ,Disease Outbreaks ,ticks ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Risk Factors ,CCHF ,parasitic diseases ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Seroprevalence ,viruses ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Viral immunology ,Sheep ,outbreak ,seroprevalence ,biology ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Dispatch ,Afghanistan ,Outbreak ,medicine.disease ,Hemorrhagic fever virus ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever ,Cattle ,Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean ,Livestock ,Antibody ,business - Abstract
In response to an outbreak of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in western Afghanistan, we measured immunoglobulin G seroprevalence among household members and their animals. Seroprevalence was 11.2% and 75.0% in humans (n = 330) and livestock (n = 132), respectively. Persons with frequent exposure to cattle had an elevated risk of being immunoglobulin G positive.
- Published
- 2011
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