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3. Inter-observer agreement on the morphology of screening-detected lung cancer: beyond pulmonary nodules and masses

Author

Rampinelli, C, Minotti, M, Ancona, E, Preda, L, Bertolotti, R, Summers, P, Raimondi, S, Bagnardi, V, Bellomi, M, Rampinelli C., Minotti M., Ancona E., Preda L., Bertolotti R., Summers P., Raimondi S., Bagnardi V., Bellomi M., Rampinelli, C, Minotti, M, Ancona, E, Preda, L, Bertolotti, R, Summers, P, Raimondi, S, Bagnardi, V, Bellomi, M, Rampinelli C., Minotti M., Ancona E., Preda L., Bertolotti R., Summers P., Raimondi S., Bagnardi V., and Bellomi M.

Abstract

Objectives: Pulmonary nodules and masses are the typical presentations of lung cancer. However, a spectrum of focal opacities cannot be defined as either “pulmonary nodule” or “mass,” despite representing cancer. We aimed to assess the morphology of screening-detected lung cancers at low-dose computed tomography LDTC and to evaluate inter-observer agreement in their classification. Methods: Four radiologists with different experiences in thoracic imaging retrospectively reviewed 273 screening-detected lung cancers. Readers were asked to assess if morphology at the time of diagnosis was consistent with the Fleischner Society definition of pulmonary “nodule” or “mass.” Cancers not consistent were defined as “non-nodular/non-mass” (NN/NM) and sub-classified as follows: associated with cystic airspaces, stripe-like, scar-like, endobronchial, or not otherwise defined (NOD). Inter-observer agreement was evaluated using Cohen’s K statistic among pairs of readers and modified Fleiss’ kappa statistic for overall agreement. Results: Two hundred forty-one of the 273 (88%) lesions were defined as pulmonary nodule or mass by complete agreement, while 20/273 (7.3%) were defined as NN/NM. Six (2.2%) of 273 were sub-classified as lesions associated with cystic airspace, six (2.2%) as scar-like, five (1.8%) as endobronchial, and one (0.7%) as NOD by complete agreement. The concordance in defining morphology was excellent (261/273; 96%, 95%CI 92–98%; k 0.85, 95%CI 0.75–0.92) and also in the sub-classification (18/20; 90%, 95%CI 68–99%, k 0.93, 95%CI 0.86–1.00). There was incomplete agreement regarding lesion morphology in 4.4% (12/273) of cases. Conclusions: A non-negligible percentage of screening-detected lung cancers has a NN/NM appearance at LDCT. The concordance in defining lesion morphology was excellent. The awareness of various presentations can avoid missed or delayed diagnosis. Key Points: • A non-negligible percentage of screening-detected lung cancers have neither nodular

Published
2019

4. Loneliness and its predictors among older adults prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional and longitudinal survey findings from participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study cohort in the USA

Author

Lutsey P.L., Mosley T., Kucharska-Newton A., Mok Y., Wagenknecht L., Coresh J., Oelsner E.C., Matsushita K., Hughes T.M., Palta P., Ring K., and Minotti M.

Abstract

Objectives We aimed to ascertain the prevalence of perceived loneliness among older adults following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine factors contributing to the perception of loneliness. Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study cohort. Setting The ARIC Study cohort, a prospective cohort that recruited (1987-1989) participants from four distinct communities in the USA. Participants 2984 ARIC cohort members. Primary and secondary outcomes Perceived loneliness assessed using the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) UCLA three-item Loneliness Scale telephone interviews conducted May-October 2020 and prior to March 2020. Results Of the total 5037 participants alive in 2020, 2984 (56.2%) responded to the UCLA three-item questionnaire (mean age 82.6 (SD 4.6) years, 586 (19.6%) black participants, 1081 (36.2%) men), of which 66 (2.2%) reported having had a COVID-19 infection during the observation period. The proportion of participants reporting feeling lonely was 56.3% (n=1680). Among participants with repeat measures of loneliness (n=516), 35.2% (n=182) reported feeling more lonely following pandemic onset. Self-rated health and emotional resilience were strongly associated with self-perceived loneliness. The burden of COVID-19 infections, concern about the pandemic and decreased self-reported physical activity were greater among black as compared with white participants and among those with an educational attainment of less than high school as compared with high school or more. Conclusion Findings from this study document the increase in perceived loneliness among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA.

Published
2021
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9. An Agent-based Programming Model for Developing Client-side Concurrent Web 2.0 Applications

Author

PIANCASTELLI, GIULIO, RICCI, ALESSANDRO, Minotti M., Piancastelli G., Ricci A., and Minotti M.

Abstract

Using the event-driven programming style of JavaScript to develop the concurrent and highly interactive clientside of Web 2.0 applications is showing more and more shortcomings in terms of engineering properties such as reusability and maintainability. Additional libraries, frameworks, and AJAX techniques do not help reduce the gap between the single-threaded JavaScript model and the concurrency needs of applications. We propose to exploit a different programming model based on a new agent-oriented abstraction layer, where first-class entities – namely agents and artifacts – can be used, respectively, to capture concurrency of activities and their interaction, and to represent tools and resources used by agents during their activities. We specialise the model in the context of client-side Web development, by characterising common domain agents and artifacts that form an extension of an existing programming framework. Finally, we design and implement a simple but significant case study to showcase the capabilities of the model and verify the feasibility of the technology.

Published
2009

11. Local intracerebral delivery of endogenous inhibitors by osmotic minipumps effectively suppresses glioma growth in vivo (vol 63, pg 2499, 2003)

Author

Giussani C, Giussani, C, Carrabba, G, Pluderi, M, Lucini, V, Pannacci, M, Caronzolo, D, Costa, F, Minotti, M, Tomei, G, Villani, R, Carroll, R, Bikfalvi, A, Bello, L, Giussani C, Carrabba G, Pluderi M, Lucini V, Pannacci M, Caronzolo D, Costa F, Minotti M, Tomei G, Villani R, Carroll RS, Bikfalvi A, Bello L, Giussani C, Giussani, C, Carrabba, G, Pluderi, M, Lucini, V, Pannacci, M, Caronzolo, D, Costa, F, Minotti, M, Tomei, G, Villani, R, Carroll, R, Bikfalvi, A, Bello, L, Giussani C, Carrabba G, Pluderi M, Lucini V, Pannacci M, Caronzolo D, Costa F, Minotti M, Tomei G, Villani R, Carroll RS, Bikfalvi A, and Bello L

Published
2003

14. Effect of fracture tunneling in DWT Tests

Author

Minotti, M and Salvini, P

Subjects
Settore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica e Costruzione di Macchine, Fracture tunneling Fracture propagation DWT Tests
Published
2012

24. Developing Web Client Applications with JaCa-Web

Author

Minotti, M., Santi, A., ALESSANDRO RICCI, ANDREA OMICINI, MIRKO VIROLI, M. Minotti, A. Santi, and A. Ricci

Abstract

We believe that agent-oriented programming lan- guages and multi-agent programming technologies provide an effective level of abstraction for tackling the design and pro- gramming of mainstream software applications, in particular those that involve the management of asynchronous events and concurrency. In this paper we support this claim in practice by discussing the use of a platform integrating two main agent programming technologies – Jason agent programming language and CArtAgO environment programming framework – to the development of Web Client applications. Following the cloud computing perspective, these kinds of applications will more and more replace desktop applications, exploiting the Web infrastructure as a common distributed operating system, raising however challenges that are not effectively tackled – we argue – by mainstream programming paradigms, such as the object- oriented one.

Published
2010

41. Local intracerebral delivery of endogenous inhibitors by osmotic minipumps effectively suppresses glioma growth in vivo

Author

Giussani, C, Carrabba, G, Pluderi, M, Lucini, V, Pannacci, M, Caronzolo, D, Costa, F, Minotti, M, Tomei, G, Villani, R, Carroll, R, Bikfalvi, A, Bello, L, GIUSSANI, CARLO GIORGIO, Bello, L., Giussani, C, Carrabba, G, Pluderi, M, Lucini, V, Pannacci, M, Caronzolo, D, Costa, F, Minotti, M, Tomei, G, Villani, R, Carroll, R, Bikfalvi, A, Bello, L, GIUSSANI, CARLO GIORGIO, and Bello, L.

Abstract

The systemic administration of endogenous inhibitors significantly reduced the growth of human glioma in vivo, but required the production of a large amount of biologically active protein. In this study we reduced the amount of protein needed and optimized the therapeutical response by delivering the endogenous inhibitors locally into the brain by osmotic minipumps. Human hemopexin fragment of MMP-2 or COOH-terminal fragment of platelet factor-4 were delivered locally and continuously into the brain of mice implanted intracranially with glioma cells, by osmotic minipumps connected to an intracranial catheter. Local delivery of human hemopexin fragment of MMP-2 and COOH-terminal fragment of platelet factor-4 significantly inhibited the growth of well-established malignant glioma in nude and BALB/C mice. When the inhibitors were given at the same concentration, the efficacy of the local delivery was much higher than that reached with the systemic administration, both when the inhibitor was administered daily or continuously by s.c. minipumps. Moreover, the local delivery reduced the amount of protein needed to reach a significant therapeutic response. Intracerebral delivery maintained a long-term control of glioma growth and inhibited glioma recurrence in a surgical resection model. Treatment showed no side effects. Histochemical analysis of tumors showed that the tumor growth inhibition was the result of a decrease in tumor vasculature and a change in tumor vessel morphology. Our data demonstrate that local intracerebral delivery of endogenous inhibitors effectively inhibits malignant glioma growth and reduces the amount of protein needed to reach a therapeutical response.

Published
2003

46. Design for Simultaneous Reaction and Liquid−Liquid Extraction

Author

Minotti, M., Doherty, M. F., and Malone, M. F.

Abstract

A general method for the design of liquid extraction−reaction cascades is described. Composition profiles are determined by solving the reactor−extractor model equations, and reactive-phase holdups are determined as a function of reactant conversions, number of reactor-extractors, and solvent flow rate. These methods are intended for conceptual design, e.g., to determine the incentive for using a solvent in a reactive system to extract product from the reactive phase. The results apply to the limiting case where the interphase mass transfer is significantly faster than the rate of chemical reaction. The production of butyl acetate by the esterification of acetic acid with butanol is examined to demonstrate the method. For this reaction system, a cocurrent cascade is preferred over the countercurrent arrangement.

Published
1998

47. A Geometric Method for the Design of Liquid Extractors

Author

Minotti, M., Doherty, M. F., and Malone, M. F.

Abstract

A new design method for liquid extractors is developed using the geometric properties of the composition profiles in a multistage countercurrent arrangement. These profiles are found by solving the extractor model equations in the form of an initial value problem. An analysis of the fixed points or pinches in the profiles gives the minimum solvent flow requirement. Profiles at solvent flows above the minimum are guaranteed to be feasible and are to be used to find the equilibrium stage requirements and product distributions. The fixed points of the extractor model equations can be determined without performing stage-to-stage balances, and a comprehensive picture of the solutions and trade-offs in extractor design can thus be determined efficiently. This approach differs from the more classical techniques in that it is applicable to mixtures with more than three components, as illustrated in an example.

Published
1996

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