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2. A predictive growth model for Clostridium botulinum during cooling of cooked uncured ground beef

Author

Juneja, Vijay K., primary, Purohit, Anuj S., additional, Golden, Max, additional, Osoria, Marangeli, additional, Glass, Kathleen A., additional, Mishra, Abhinav, additional, Thippareddi, Harshavardhan, additional, Devkumar, Govindaraj, additional, Mohr, Tim B., additional, Minocha, Udit, additional, Silverman, Meryl, additional, and Schaffner, Donald W., additional

Published
2021
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4. Occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat Meat and Poultry Product Verification Testing Samples from U.S. Department of Agriculture–Regulated Producing Establishments, 2005 through 2017

Author

Mamber, Stephen W., primary, Mohr, Tim B., additional, Leathers, Carrie, additional, Mbandi, Evelyne, additional, Bronstein, Philip A., additional, Barlow, Kristina, additional, Silverman, Meryl, additional, Aston, Christopher, additional, Izsak, Yoel, additional, Saini, Navpreet S., additional, LaBarre, Davi, additional, Minocha, Udit, additional, Smedra, Jude, additional, Levine, Priscilla, additional, and Kause, Janell, additional

Published
2020
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5. Occurrence of Listeria monocytogenesin Ready-to-Eat Meat and Poultry Product Verification Testing Samples from U.S. Department of Agriculture–Regulated Producing Establishments, 2005 through 2017

Author

Mamber, Stephen W., Mohr, Tim B., Leathers, Carrie, Mbandi, Evelyne, Bronstein, Philip A., Barlow, Kristina, Silverman, Meryl, Aston, Christopher, Izsak, Yoel, Saini, Navpreet S., LaBarre, Davi, Minocha, Udit, Smedra, Jude, Levine, Priscilla, and Kause, Janell

Abstract

Ready-to-eat (RTE) meat and poultry product samples collected between 2005 and 2017 from RTE-producing establishments for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) ALLRTE/RTEPROD_RAND (random) and RTE001/RTEPROD_RISK (risk-based) sampling projects were tested for Listeria monocytogenes(Lm). Data for 45,897 ALLRTE/RTEPROD_RAND samples collected from 3,607 distinct establishments and 112,347 RTE001/RTEPROD_RISK samples collected from 3,283 distinct establishments were analyzed for the presence of Lm. These data were also analyzed based upon the percentages of establishments with positive samples, annual production volume, sanitation control alternatives, geographic location, and season or month of sample collection. Results revealed low occurrence of Lm-positive samples from the random and risk-based sampling projects, with 152 (0.33%) positive samples for ALLRTE/RTEPROD_RAND and 403 (0.36%) positive samples for RTE001/RTEPROD_RISK. The percentage of positive samples significantly decreased over time, from about 0.7% in 2005 and 2006 to about 0.2% in 2017 (P< 0.05). From 2005 to 2017, 3.9% of establishments sampled under the ALLRTE/RTEPROD_RAND sampling project had at least one Lm-positive sample. Similarly, 10.0% of establishments sampled under the RTE001/RTEPROD_RISK sampling project had at least one positive sample. Samples positive for Lmwere found in all geographic regions in all months. Thus, in 13 years of RTE product sampling in FSIS-regulated establishments (2005 through 2017), <0.4% of samples were positive for Lmin both risk-based and random sampling projects. The low prevalence of Lmin these products suggests that the combination of FSIS policies and industry practices may be effective for controlling Lmcontamination. Information obtained from these sampling projects is relevant to the ongoing prevention of foodborne Lmillnesses from RTE meat and poultry products.

Published
2020
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8. Bioamplification Using Phage Display for the Detection of Pathogens--EAC Presentation 2004

Author

Shroyer, Melinda, Minocha, Udit, Ladisch, Michael, and Applegate, Bruce

Subjects
Food Safety and Processing
Abstract

The goal of this research is to harness the power of bacterial phage display to develop a biological amplifier for the detection of small numbers of pathogenic organisms in potable water and foods. The basic approach consists of the insertion of a second copy of a gene coding for a surface protein modified to express a predetermined binding epitope. Amplification of the recombinant phage is performed in a genetically modified host which suppresses expression of the modified surface protein. Subsequent infection of a wild type host using the modified parent phage results in progeny which are distinguishable from the parent and can be detected using immunoassays. Proof of principle experiments of this technology utilizes M13, an E. coli F' bacteriophage. In these experiments a second copy of the gIII modified to mimic biotin is inserted into the M13 multicloning site controlled by the induction of the IPTG-inducible lac promoter. This allows the suppression of the second copy of the surface protein in the absence of IPTG. Experiments to determine the presence of host microorganisms will be performed in the presence of IPTG, resulting in amplification of progeny displaying the unique epitope. A Salmonella detection assay is currently being developed by modifying bacteriophage P22 using a similar approach as described for M13. The displayed epitope for P22 is a 6xHis tag sequence consisting of 6 histidine residues, which will be inserted at the carboxy terminus of a second copy of the tail spike protein gene under control of the lac promoter. A Salmonella strain containing a functional lac repressor expressed at levels high enough to suppress the lac-controlled 6xHis tail spike protein must be used to generate the phage for the assay. The resultant phage will still be infectious but will only produce the tailspike protein upon infection of a wild type Salmonella. This platform potentially can be expanded to numerous pathogen-specific phages with different epitopes to allow detection of multiple pathogens in the same sample. 1 slide Related Documents:WM1, WM2, WM3, WM8

Published
2004

10. Sequence analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 bacteriophage ΦV10 and identification of a phage-encoded immunity protein that modifies the O157 antigen.

Author

Perry, Lynda L., SanMiguel, Phillip, Minocha, Udit, Terekhov, Anton I., Shroyer, Mindy L., Farris, Leigh A., Bright, Nathan, Reuhs, Bradley L., and Applegate, Bruce M.

Subjects
BACTERIOPHAGES, ESCHERICHIA coli O157:H7, ANTIGENS, SALMONELLA, ACETYLTRANSFERASES, NUCLEOTIDE sequence
Abstract

Bacteriophage ΦV10 is a temperate phage, which specifically infects Escherichia coli O157:H7. The nucleotide sequence of the ΦV10 genome is 39 104 bp long and contains 55 predicted genes. ΦV10 is closely related to two previously sequenced phages, the Salmonella enterica serovar Anatum (Group E1) phage ℇ15 and a prophage from E. coli APEC O1. The attachment site of ΦV10, like those of its two closest relatives, overlaps the 3′ end of guaA in the host chromosome. ΦV10 encodes an O-acetyltransferase, which modifies the O157 antigen. This modification is sufficient to block ΦV10 superinfection, indicating that the O157 antigen is most likely the ΦV10 receptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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11. Bioavailability of dissolved organic carbon in surface water by surface and subsurface environmental bacteria

Author

Minocha, Udit

Abstract

Metabolism of naturally occurring dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in surface water was examined. Environmental bacteria isolated from the Savannah River Site, (SRS) Aiken, SC, (subsurface soil) and from Georgetown, SC (surface water) were grown in a minimal medium to which surface water containing DOC was added. Three DOC concentrations for each pure bacterial isolate were tested. The negative control, which was the same for all bacteria, consisted of minimal salts in place of the surface water. The two other concentrations of DOC were 2 and 10 mgC-DOC/1. The initial inoculum was ca. 102-103 CFU/ml. Bacteria were plated every 24 h. The cells in 0 mgC-DOC/1 routinely grew to 105-106 CFU/ml. The 2 and 10 mgC-DOC/1 were only metabolized by two other bacteria, B0612 and G13 from the Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC, and Georgetown, SC. Gram stains and the Biolog assay were used to identify the environmental isolates. Most of the bacteria from SRS were Gram negative (Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter) whereas surface water isolates from Georgetown were Gram positive (Bacillus and Corynebacterium). In general, surface water bacteria were able to metabolize more substrates in the Biolog assay than subsurface bacteria. Subsurface bacteria metabolized primarily carboxylic acids and amino acids. Surface water bacteria metabolized primarily carbohydrates. There was no correlation between the number or kind of substrates metabolized in the Biolog assay and their ability to metabolize naturally ocurring DOC.

Published
1995

12. Sequence analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 bacteriophage PhiV10 and identification of a phage-encoded immunity protein that modifies the O157 antigen.

Author

Perry LL, SanMiguel P, Minocha U, Terekhov AI, Shroyer ML, Farris LA, Bright N, Reuhs BL, and Applegate BM

Subjects
Attachment Sites, Microbiological, DNA, Viral chemistry, Gene Order, Genes, Viral, Prophages genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Homology, Synteny, Acetyltransferases metabolism, Coliphages genetics, DNA, Viral genetics, Escherichia coli O157 immunology, Escherichia coli O157 virology, O Antigens metabolism, Viral Proteins metabolism
Abstract

Bacteriophage PhiV10 is a temperate phage, which specifically infects Escherichia coli O157:H7. The nucleotide sequence of the PhiV10 genome is 39 104 bp long and contains 55 predicted genes. PhiV10 is closely related to two previously sequenced phages, the Salmonella enterica serovar Anatum (Group E1) phage epsilon15 and a prophage from E. coli APEC O1. The attachment site of PhiV10, like those of its two closest relatives, overlaps the 3' end of guaA in the host chromosome. PhiV10 encodes an O-acetyltransferase, which modifies the O157 antigen. This modification is sufficient to block PhiV10 superinfection, indicating that the O157 antigen is most likely the PhiV10 receptor.

Published
2009
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