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Objective: To investigate the correlation between CPN, Hp, HCMV pathogenic microorganism infection status and serum inflammation marker levels in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: The subjects of this study were all patients with coronary heart disease who came to our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019. A total of 70 patients were selected as the observation group, and non-coronary heart disease patients who came to our hospital for physical examination at the same time 70 cases were used as a control group to detect the IgG antibodies of CPN, Hp and HCMV microorganisms of the two groups, as well as the serum inflammation markers interleukin-6, hypersensitive C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-a. Results: The CPN-IgG single positive rate, Hp-IgG single positive rate, HCMV-IgG single positive rate, double positive rate and triple positive rate in the observation group were 10.0%, 14.3%, 18.6%, 41.4% and 11.4%, respectively., Are significantly higher than the control group, and the difference between the groups is statistically significant (P

Background: It remains unclear which size of particles has the strongest effects on heart rate variability (HRV). Objective: To explore the association between HRV parameters and daily variations of size-fractionated particle number concentrations (PNCs). Methods: We conducted a longitudinal repeated-measure study among 78 participants with a 24-h continuous ambulatory Holter electrocardiographic recorder in Shanghai, China, from January 2015 to June 2019. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to evaluate the changes of HRV parameters associated with PNCs of 7 size ranges from 0.01 to 10 μm after controlling for environmental and individual confounders. Results: On the concurrent day, decreased HRV parameters were associated with increased PNCs of 0.01–0.3 μm, and smaller particles showed greater effects. For an interquartile range increase in ultrafine particles (UFP, those

Background The impacts of temperature variability on cardiac autonomic function remain unclear. Objective To explore the short-term associations between daily temperature variability and parameters of heart rate variability (HRV). Methods This is a repeated-measure study among 78 eligible participants in Shanghai, China. We defined temperature variability as diurnal temperature range (DTR), the standard-deviation of temperature (SDT) and temperature variability (TV). We evaluated 3 frequency-domain HRV parameters (VLF, LF and HF) and 4 time-domain parameters (SDNN, SDANN, rMSSD and pNN50). We used linear mixed-effect models to analyze the data after controlling for environmental and individual confounders. Results Temperature variability was significantly associated with decreased HRV, especially on the concurrent day. The exposure-response relationships were almost inversely linear for most parameters. Every one interquartile range (IQR) increase of DTR was associated with a decrease of 3.92% for VLF, 6.99% for LF, 5.88% for HF, 3.94% for rMSSD and 1.30% for pNN50. Each IQR increase of SDT was associated with a decline of 6.48% for LF, 5.91% for HF, 4.26% for rMSSD and 1.87% for pNN50. Every IQR increase of SDT was associated with a decrease of 4.39% for VLF, 7.67% for LF, 6.52% for HF, 3.22% for SDNN, 2.98% for SDANN, 4.05% for rMSSD, and 1.41% for pNN50. The decrements in HRV associated with temperature variability were more prominent in females. Conclusion Temperature variability on the concurrent day could significantly decrease cardiac autonomic function, especially in females.

Background Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with reduced heart rate variability (HRV), an established indicator of cardiac autonomic function, but it remains uncertain which specific constituents of PM2.5 had key impacts. Objective To examine the short-term associations between various PM2.5 constituents and HRV measures. Methods We conducted a retrospective panel study among 78 participants who received repeated 24-h electrocardiogram testing in Shanghai, China from 2015 to 2019. We obtained daily concentrations of 14 main chemical constituents of PM2.5 from a fixed-site monitor. During 3 or 4 rounds of follow-ups, we measured 6 HRV parameters, including 3 frequency-domain parameters (power in very low frequency, low frequency and high frequency) and 3 time-domain parameters (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals, root mean square successive difference and percent of adjacent normal R-R intervals with a difference ≥50 msec). We used linear mixed-effects models to analyze the data after controlling for time trends, environmental and individual risk factors. Results The average daily PM2.5 exposure was 45.8 μg/m3 during the study period. The present-day exposure to PM2.5 had the strongest negative influences on various HRV indicators. These associations attenuated greatly on lag 1 d or lag 2 d. Elemental carbon, organic carbon, nitrate, sulfate, arsenic, cadmium, chromium and nickel were consistently associated with reduced HRV parameters in both single-constituent models and constituent-PM2.5 models. Conclusion Our study highlighted the key roles of traffic-related components of PM2.5 in inhibiting cardiac autonomic function.

Background Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution has been associated with increased risks of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but it remains unknown about the potentially differentiated effects of size-fractionated particulate matter on AMI risk. Objective To identify the specific size ranges that dominate the effects of particulate matter on AMI onset. Methods We conducted a time-series study in Shanghai, China from January 2014 to December 2018. We evaluated particle size distribution of 0.01 μm to 2.5 μm from an environmental supersite and AMI emergency hospitalizations from the largest cardiovascular hospital in Shanghai. We used over-dispersed generalized additive models to estimate the associations of size-fractionated particle number concentrations (PNC) with AMI and its types. Results We identified a total of 4720 AMI emergency hospitalizations. PM2.5 was significantly associated with increased AMI risk on the concurrent day. The associations were significant only for PNC Conclusions This epidemiological investigation suggested that ultrafine particles, especially those