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Introduction Mother-offspring interactions are thought to be part of a complex array of events that shape neonates' early life development. The stress due to deprivation of physical contact can affect [...], Maternal separation (MS) is a well-studied phenomenon thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases ranging from neuropsychiatric to early intestinal disorders such as necrotizing enterocolitis. The existing evidence suggests that MS initiates a variety of processes that in turn lead to early intestinal injury. Although there are many theories as to how MS alters normal physiological processes, the exact mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. This review aims to describe some of the pathological processes affecting the intestine that are caused by MS, including (i) brain-gut axis, (ii) intestinal epithelial barrier function, (iii) microbiome, (iv) oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and (v) gut inflammation. Key words: maternal separation, neonatal intestinal injury, pathogenesis, necrotizing enterocolitis. La separation d'avec la mere (SM) est un phenomene bien etudie que l'on croit jouer un role dans la pathogenese de nombreuses maladies du domaine de la neuropsychiatrie aux maladies intestinales precoces comme l'enterocolite necrosante. Les donnees actuelles laissent entendre que la SM donnerait lieu a divers processus qui pourraient par la suite mener a des lesions intestinales precoces. Bien qu'il existe de nombreuses theories quant a la maniere dont la SM nuit a des processus physiologiques normaux, le mode d'action precis demeure a elucider. Cet article de synthese vise a decrire certains processus pathologiques touchant l'intestin et issus de la SM, notamment les suivants : (i) axe intestin-cerveau, (ii) barriere epitheliale intestinale fonctionnelle, (iii) microbiome, (iv) stress oxydatif et stress du reticulum endoplasmique et (v) inflammation intestinale. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : separation d'avec la mere, lesions intestinales neonatales, pathogenese, enterocolite necrosante.

Purpose: Lgr5+ intestinal epithelial stem cells (ISCs) crucial for intestinal epithelial regeneration are impaired during necrotizing enterocolitis. This study aims to investigate the influence of different stressors on intestinal epithelial injury and regeneration in vitro.Methods: Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-18) were exposed to stressors such as lipopolysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide, and serum. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay at 18 and 24 h. IL-6 and Lgr5 gene expressions were measured using qPCR.Results: IEC-18 cell viability decreased 18 h following administration of lipopolysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide, and low serum concentration. However, after 24 h, the decrease in cell viability was observed only in higher, but not in lower concentrations of lipopolysaccharide and hydrogen peroxide. IL-6 expression increased in all groups compared to control. Lgr5 expression was up-regulated in cells exposed to a single stressor, but down-regulated when multiple stressors were administered.Conclusion: Lipopolysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide, or low serum induced IEC-18 injury. The upregulation of Lgr5 expression after exposure to a single stressor suggests that minor injury to IEC-18 induces Lgr5+ ISCs to stimulate repair. Conversely, when IEC-18 cells were exposed to multiple stressors, Lgr5 expression was reduced. We speculate that this finding is similar to what happens in NEC when multiple stressors cause impairment of intestinal epithelium regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]