Search

As carbon intensity (CI) can better reflect the coordinated relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth, the related research has gradually increased in recent years. To better explore the influence of production technology and spatial variations on CI disparities in China, this paper constructs a dynamic spatial–temporal production-theoretical decomposition analysis (DST-PDA) model to explore the dynamic spatial disparities and temporal variations of driving factors on CI in different regions. Moreover, this paper further investigates the impact of production-related factors, such as carbon emission technology’s change with regard to carbon intensity, and explores the benchmarking catch-up effect and the effort on reducing CI by setting benchmarks and dynamic comparative analysis, which could provide guidance for some underperforming regions. The main results are as follows: (1) The overall trends of CI increased from 2007–2019, and the northwest region had the largest growth rate. (2) Energy intensity was the dominant driver to reduce CI, and technological changes also played a great role in decreasing CI. Conversely, carbon emissions efficiency had negative effects on reducing CI. (3) The spatial variations of the contributions in factors to reduce CI have gradually increased. Resource-dependent development areas have great potential to reduce carbon intensity by improving energy and carbon emission efficiencies. The northwest has great potential to reduce CI by introducing advanced technologies. Some policies are proposed based on the results.

We study the anisotropies of gravitational waves induced by weak hypermagnetic fields which are randomly distributed and oriented during the electroweak phase transition in the early universe. The theory setup of this study is the standard model plus a real singlet scalar field, which can produce the needed strongly first order electroweak phase transition. Then we investigate how the hypermagnetic fields can convert to magnetic fields and we compute the departure of energy difference between the symmetric phase and the broken phase when the magnetic fields are turned on. It is found that the presence of the hypermagnetic fields can increase the Euclidean action, thus can decrease nucleation temperature, which can lead to a supercool plasma. We point out that the hypermagnetic field can enhance the gravitational wave production from a first order electroweak phase transition and the inhomogeneity of primordial hypermagnetic field can lead to anisotropies of gravitational waves. By examining three well-motivated distribution of hypermagnetic fields, we calculate the corresponding angular power spectra of stochastic gravitational wave background and find they can be significantly larger than the contributions of the Sachs-Wolfe effects and integrated Sachs-Wolfe effects. Our results show that the anisotropies of gravitational wave could provide a novel probe to the primordial hypermagnetic field in the electroweak phase transition epoch., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures

Journal of high energy physics 09(9), 141 (2022). doi:10.1007/JHEP09(2022)141, In this work, by using the machine learning methods, we study the sensitivities of heavy pseudo-Dirac neutrino N in the inverse seesaw at the high-energy hadron colliders. The production process for the signal is pp → ℓ → 3ℓ + $ {E}_T^{\mathrm{miss}} $, while the dominant background is pp → WZ → 3ℓ + $ {E}_T^{\mathrm{miss}} $. We use either the Multi-Layer Perceptron or the Boosted Decision Tree with Gradient Boosting to analyse the kinematic observables and optimize the discrimination of background and signal events. It is found that the reconstructed Z boson mass and heavy neutrino mass from the charged leptons and missing transverse energy play crucial roles in separating the signal from backgrounds. The prospects of heavy-light neutrino mixing |V$_{ℓN}$|$^{2}$ (with ℓ = e, μ) are estimated by using machine learning at the hadron colliders with $ \sqrt{s} $ = 14 TeV, 27 TeV, and 100 TeV, and it is found that |V$_{ℓN}$|$^{2}$ can be improved up to $ \mathcal{O} $(10$^{−6}$) for heavy neutrino mass m$_{N}$ = 100 GeV and $ \mathcal{O} $(10$^{−4}$) for m$_{N}$ = 1 TeV., Published by SISSA, [Trieste]

In the process of intelligent vehicle driving, due to the complexity of the environment, a single sensor or multiple homogeneous sensors cannot completely perceive the traffic environment around the intelligent vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to study the information fusion scheme of different sensors and make use of the advantages of each sensor to make up for the deficiency of a single sensor, so as to realize the function of cooperation and mutual compensation between multiple sensors. In this paper, millimeter-wave radar and camera are selected as sensors for an intelligent vehicle to sense the environment ahead. Firstly, in the case of time and space synchronization of the two types of signals, fusion based on the cross-ratio of detection frames is used to find the region of common interest of radar and camera for fusion. Then the fusion based on data association is adopted. The experimental results show that the method based on radar and camera data can effectively realize accurate target recognition and location, and can meet the requirements of real-time accuracy in the application of intelligent vehicles.

A 67-year-old male presented with sternal dehiscence following open cardiac surgery. Extensive debridement and attempted closure failed, and the wound had since been managed with vacuum-assisted closure therapy, with little progress. We treated him with antibiotic-loaded bone cement to repair the wound defect. After 3 weeks, the wound healed with excellent result. To our knowledge, this is the first report of antibiotic-loaded bone cement for deep sternal wound infection.

Background: Amyloid β peptide-42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated Tau on Threonine 181 (Tau-pT181) are the core biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease. Accumulated evidence showed an aberrant elevation of these biomarkers due to sleep disturbance. However, it is not clear if improving sleep quality reduces Aβ42 and Tau-pT181 in Alzheimer’s disease patients.Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted on 126 patients with mild-moderate dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Behavioral and neuropsychological assessment was conducted using multiple self-reporting questionnaire score systems. Aβ42 and Tau-pT181 levels in blood specimens were measured using an ELISA assay kit. All patients received Donepezil treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. Sleep disorders were individually managed with either medication or physical therapy according to their symptom categories.Results: Of the 126 cases, 93 (73.8%) patients were diagnosed with sleep disorders. The PSQI scores significantly correlated with depression and anxiety scores, as well as Aβ42 and Tau-pT181 levels. Also, a significant correlation was found among depression, anxiety, Aβ42 and Tau-pT181 in all patients. Sleep intervention drastically reduced PSQI score, as well as Aβ42 and Tau-pT181 levels, in parallel with improved cognition, deterioration and anxiety scores. Dementia and depression scores were improved only in patients who completely recovered (PSQI < 7) after sleep treatment. There was a 35.9% reduction of Aβ42 levels and a 32.8% reduction of Tau-pT181 levels in this subgroup of patients (56 cases). Conversely, the reduction extent was only 6.9% for Aβ42 and 12.2% for Tau-pT181 in patients who did not completely recover (PSQI ≥ 7 post treatment, 37 cases). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that Aβ42 level is the strongest risk factor for sleep disorder incidence and incomplete recovery after sleep treatment.Conclusion: Sleep quality score is associated with patient depression and anxiety status, as well as blood Aβ42 and Tau-pT181 levels. A complete recovery is critical for a full improvement of all behavioral and neuropsychological assessments, which is also associated with a deep reduction of Aβ42 and Tau-pT181 levels. Aβ42 level is a prognostic factor for a diagnosis of sleep disorder and treatment responsiveness.

When fractional calculus operators and models are implemented rationally, there exist some problems such as low approximation accuracy of rational approximation function, inability to specify arbitrary approximation frequency band, or poor robustness. Based on the error criterion of the least squares method, a quadratic programming method based on the frequency-domain error is proposed. In this method, the frequency-domain error minimization between the fractional operator s ± r and its rational approximation function is transformed into a quadratic programming problem. The results show that the construction method of the optimal rational approximation function of fractional calculus operator is effective, and the optimal rational approximation function constructed can effectively approximate the fractional calculus operator and model for the specified approximation frequency band.

The Bajiaochang Xusi gas reservoir has the characteristics of low porosity, low permeability and high water saturation, and is a typical tight sandstone gas reservoir. Gas wells are generally low in productivity and generally produce water. Gas wells carry fluid smoothly under the conditions of large pressure difference in the initial stage of production. However, as the formation pressure drops, the ability of gas wells to carry fluid weakens. Some wells can only maintain production through indirection. The Tibetan production organization has brought difficulties. For gas wells with low production, low pressure, high water content, and easy accumulation of liquids, Xusi gas reservoirs have carried out drainage gas recovery technology tests such as bubble drainage and plunger gas lift, and comprehensively selected plunger gas lift as the main drainage of the block. Gas production process measures, and promoted and applied. At present, the plunger gas lift drainage gas production technology has been implemented in 13 wells, accounting for 48% of the total wells, and the measured production accounted for 31% of the total production. It is already in the stage of wide application. Through this measure, the stable liquid carrying of water-producing gas wells was realized, the productivity of gas wells was maintained, and the production decline was delayed. The production decline was controlled at about 6%, and good application effects were achieved.

Tight channel sandstone gas reservoirs are mainly characterized by low porosity and permeability to ultra-low porosity and permeability, strong heterogeneity, and slow energy supply rate in the later stage, resulting in small gas well control reserves, and fast decline rate of gas well pressure and production. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out targeted research on production decline. In this paper, from the perspective of percolation mechanics, a mathematical model of low-velocity non-Darcy unstable percolation in tight channel sandstone gas reservoir is established, a diagram of the relationship between non-Darcy effect, flow boundary characteristics, and dynamic bottom-hole flow is established, and the dynamic influencing factors of bottom hole flow are analyzed. From a seepage mechanics point of view, this paper establishes a tight sandstone gas reservoir river unstable low-speed non-darcy seepage flow mathematical model of non-darcy effect and flow boundary characteristics and the relationship between the bottom hole flow dynamic chart and analysis of bottom hole flow dynamic influence factors, research shows that start-up pressure gradient, skin factor, the closed boundary of tight sandstone gas reservoir river bottom hole flow dynamic effect is bigger, The research content of this paper has certain guiding significance for realizing the effective development of tight channel sandstone gas reservoir.

Tight gas is currently an important area for the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources at home and abroad. However, due to the low permeability and high-water saturation characteristics of tight gas reservoirs, gas wells exhibit low productivity, rapid decline in production, and water production in some wells. Such characteristics have reduced the single-well EUR to a certain extent, affecting the recovery rate of the gas reservoir. For new blocks, single-well EUR is the basic condition for long-term high and stable production of oil and gas wells. It is an important indicator for evaluating development effects, analyzing development potential, and formulating development-specific measures. How to quickly and accurately predict and analyze single-well EUR has always been tight Important research work for the development of gas. This paper takes the tight sandstone gas reservoir in the Bajiaochang block as an example. Based on the analysis of the production characteristics of the implemented wells, the production instability analysis method is used to analyze the variation rules and control factors of the single well EUR at different stages, and establish a single well EUR forecast analysis. plate. The analysis results show that the single-well EUR calculation result is more reliable for more than 2 years of continuous production, and can reach more than 80% of the final value. This method provides convenience for the rapid and accurate prediction of single-well EUR, and has a better field application effect.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis by negatively regulating gene expression through complementary binding to the 3'-untranslated region of target mRNAs. The role of miRNAs in expression of the tumor suppressor DAB2IP in bladder cancer (BC) remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to identify miRNAs targeting DAB2IP and determine their expression and function in BC. We predicted candidate miRNAs targeting DAB2IP using TargetScan software. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miRNA-556-3p directly regulated DAB2IP expression. Quantitative RT-PCR and RNase protection assays showed that endogenous miRNA-556-3p expression was significantly upregulated in clinical samples of BC patients and BC cell lines and western blot analysis indicated that DAB2IP expression in BC tissues and BC cell lines was concurrently downregulated. Gain or loss of function studies showed that upregulation of miRNA-556-3p promoted proliferation, invasion, migration and colony formation of BC cells, whereas downregulation resulted in opposite effects. Importantly, restoration of DAB2IP expression rescued the effects induced by miRNA-556-3p. Overexpression of miRNA-556-3p in BC cells not only decreased DAB2IP expression, but also markedly increased Ras GTPase activity and ERK1/2 phosphorylation level. These findings suggest that DAB2IP is a direct target of miRNA-556-3p, and endogenous miRNA-556-3p expression shows inverse correlation with simultaneous DAB2IP expression in BC tissues and cells. miRNA-556-3p functions as a tumor promoter in tumorigenesis and metastasis of BC by targeting DAB2IP. Moreover, miRNA-556-3p-mediated DAB2IP suppression plays an oncogenic role by partial activation of the Ras-ERK pathway.

Deep Q Network, which is a combination of CNN and Q-Learning, is an important turning point in deep reinforcement learning. DQN algorithm has achieved great success on the Atari 2600 game platform. However, in some complex game environments, on the one hand, CNN is not accurate enough to extract the original environment feature information points, which leads to unreasonable action strategy selection in the later stage of DQN; on the other hand, the local e-perturbation strategy adopted by DQN can not be effectively explored on a large scale, resulting in the optimal strategy of action space perturbation. To solve these problems, a new exploratory noise deep Q network based on cross-connected is proposed. Firstly, the model is a six-layer network structure, which includes the input layer, three convolution layer, one full-connection layer and the output layer. The second convolution layer is connected to the full-connection layer, making full use of the characteristics of low-level. Secondly, parameter noise is introduced into the whole connection layer and output layer, which adds parameter noise to its weight and causes network output changes. According to the changes, a large number of new states are explored, more abundant samples are provided, and effective decision information is provided. Finally, the experimental results show that the effectiveness of the model is validated in multiple game environments of Atari 2600.

Aiming at the problem that the existing fatigue driving detection methods cannot make full use of eye features and semantic information, a driver eye fatigue detection method based on parallel neural network is proposed. This method detects human faces through a multi-task cascaded convolutional network, determines the driver’s eye area according to the face ratio relationship, uses the parallel structure of the convolutional neural network and the residual network to recognize the eye state opening and closing, and according to PERCLOS the criterion is to judge the fatigue state. The experimental results show that the method has a high accuracy rate and can effectively detect the fatigue driving state.

To solve the problem of insufficient segmentation accuracy caused by the failure of UNET model to make full use of the weight relationship and semantic information between coding layers in lung nodule image segmentation, a lung nodule segmentation method based on BBClstm-Unet is proposed. In this method, parallel attention module is used to complete the information coding of a larger range of pulmonary nodules image and reset the weight of sampling correlation channel information. Bconvlstm structure is used to combine feature mapping, and forward and backward output sampling are fused to obtain the final segmentation result. At the same time, hybrid loss function is used to alleviate the class imbalance problem. The experimental results show that the average dice value of BBClstm-Unet network on luna16 data set reaches 90.83%, which is better than the original UNET network.

Efficient inverted hybrid solar cells using poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) bulk heterojunction as active layers and TiO2/Sb2S3 bilayers as electron transport layers (ETL) have been prepared in ambient air. The microstructural, photoelectronic, and electrochemical characteristics on these cells have been investigated. Photoluminescence measurement indicates that the exciton dissociation in TiO2/Sb2S3 is more effective than that in ITO/Sb2S3 structure. The Nyquist plots obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy implies that charge recombination has been suppressed in TiO2/Sb2S3 with respect to Sb2S3 structure. In addition, the TiO2/Sb2S3 bilayer structure exhibits significantly enhanced external quantum efficiency in the visible region. The cell structure consisting of ITO/TiO2/Sb2S3/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS/Ag with the TiO2/Sb2S3 bilayer synthesized under the optimized conditions gains an average efficiency of 3.52%, which is enhanced for ∼28.5% and ∼209% referring to the cells only with the TiO2 layer and Sb2S3 layer as the ETL, respectively.

Cardiac c-kit+ cells isolated from cardiac explant-derived cells modestly improve cardiac functions after myocardial infarction; however, their full potential has not yet been realized. The present study was undertaken to determine the isolation and culture of c-kit+ cardiac stem cells (CSCs), and the roles of myocardial injection of CSCs on the survival of rat cardiac allograft. Recipient Sprague-Dawley rats were transplanted with hearts from Wistar rats. In the in vitro experiment, c-kit+ cells were isolated from mouse heart fragment culture by magnetic cell sorting. CSCs expressed of cardiomyocyte specific protein cardiac troponin I, α smooth muscle actin and von Willebrand factor in conditioned culture. CSC injection increased graft survival of cardiac allograft rats. The effects of CSCs on increase in graft survival of cardiac allograft rats were blocked by stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) knockdown. The expression of SDF-1 was increased after CSC injection into the cardiac of cardiac allograft rats. These results indicate that CSC injection into the cardiac prolongs graft survival of cardiac allograft rats. SDF-1 plays an important role in the effects of CSCs on the graft survival of cardiac allograft rats.

The paper proposed the design scheme for a FOPID-based controller and implemented its simulation according to the non-linearity, multivariate, strong coupling and instability of the inverted pendulum system. First, the paper built a mathematical model for the system and derived the transfer function of the pendulum's angle and displacement of the car. The appropriate closed-loop dominant poles were selected to satisfy the frequency domain stable performance requirements for the given system and the system can get the desired dynamic performance and stability after stabilization. And the parameters of the fractional order controller were tuned with the horizontal phase algorithm at the cutoff frequency. Comparing simulation of the IOPID-based controller with that of the FOPID-based controller shows that the FOPID-based controller can achieve better control effect with small overshoot and fast convergence.

Objective. Exploring the use of echo-tracking (ET) for evaluating changes in carotid artery wall elasticity after smoking cessation. Methods. Carotid artery ultrasound examination was performed in 67 male patients before and after smoking cessation treatment, for measurement of intimal media thickness (IMT), and ET measurement of wall elasticity variables, ie, wall stiffness index (β), pressure-strain elastic modulus (Ep), compliance (AC), augmentation index (AI), and local pulse wave velocity (PWVβ). We also measured heart rate (HR), systolic pressure (Ps), diastolic pressure (Pd), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride level (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Results. Hyperlipemia and/or arterial hypertension and/or hyperglycemia were absent in 22 (group A1) and 12 (group B1) and present in 19 (group A2) and 14 (group B2) of the patients with successful (group A, n = 41) and unsuccessful (group B, n = 26) treatment, respectively. In the A1 group, there was no significant difference in AI before and after smoking cessation, whereas β, Ep, and PWVβ decreased, and AC increased (p < 0.05). None of these variables changed after smoking cessation in groups A2, B1, and B2. There was no change in IMT in either group. HR decreased and HDL increased in the A1 group, without change in Ps, Pd, TC, TG, and LDL. There was no change in HR, Ps, Pd, TC, TG, LDL, and HDL in groups A2, B1, and B2. Conclusions. ET can be used to evaluate quantitatively the impact of smoking cessation on common carotid artery wall elasticity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012

Magnolol inhibited proliferation of human malignant melanoma A375-S2 cells. The drug induced oligonucleosomal fragmentation of DNA in A375-S2 cells and increased caspase-3, 8, 9 activities followed by the degradation of caspase-3 substrates, inhibitor of caspase dependent DNase (ICAD) and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Pan-caspase inhibitor (z-VADfmk), caspase-3 inhibitor (z-DEVD-fmk), capase-8 inhibitor (z-IETD-fmk), caspase-9 inhibitor (z-LEHD-fmk) and caspase-10 inhibitor (z-AEVD-fmk) inhibited magnolol-induced A375-S2 cell apoptosis. The level of anti-apoptotic mitochondrial protein Bcl-2 was up-regulated while the level of pro-apoptotic protein Bax was down-regulated. Taken together, our results indicate that magnolol induces apoptosis by activation of both mitochondrial and death receptor pathways in A375-S2 cells.

To explore the change patterns, influencing factors and predictors of quality of life for 4 years in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).A total of 96 mild-moderate AD patients on combined therapies of medicine and recuperation were enrolled. Their clinical symptoms were graded by mini-mental state examination (MMSE), activity of daily living (ADL), global deterioration scale (GDS), neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), Hamilton depression scale (HRSD), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PQSI). And their qualities of life were evaluated by Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease (QOL-AD) at baseline and at the end of 1, 2, 3, 4 year.(1) During a 4-year follow-up, the scores of QOL-AD, MMSE, ADL, GDS, NPI, HRSD, HAMA and PQSI decreased markedly compared with baseline [(17.5±1.9), (12±3), (45±9), (5.2±0.8), (31±11), (20±6), (14±6), (14±4) vs (30.5±4.6), (21±4), (34±10), (3.3±0.9), (22±9), (18±6), (11±4), (12±4) respectively, t=25.31, 15.42, -7.16, -14.83, -5.56, -2.94, -4.45, -5.60, all P0.01]. With the deterioration of AD, their qualities of life decreased significantly. (2) Spearman's correlation analysis showed that the scores of 4-year QOL-AD were correlated with the 4-year score changes of MMSE, ADL, GDS (r=0.344, 0.368, 0.213; P=0.002, 0.001, 0.047). (3) Multiple Logistic regression model showed that the baseline scores of NPI and HRSD were strong predictors of loss of quality of life (OR=1.697, 1.269; P=0.000, 0.006). And the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of NPI and HRSD were 0.918 (95% CI: 0.844-0.991) and 0.878 (95% CI: 0.804-0.953) respectively.With the deterioration of AD, the quality of life decreases significantly and has correlations with the score changes of MMSE, ADL and GDS. High scores of NPI and HRSD are the important predictors for a loss of quality of life in AD patients. Early detection and timely interventions are necessary.

This article is based on the theory of fractional calculus control, and put forward a kind of fractional order PID controller design method for lateral and longitudinal attitude control system of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) model. Using the controller parameter tuning method, such as the phase margin and the `Flat-phase' of which the control system open-loop transfer function phase Bode diagram has the same phase near the cut off frequency and is robust to the gain variation, to design IOPID controller, FOPI controller and FO[PI] controller. Then, by exploiting Matlab, the frequency domain response and unit step response characteristics of the different control systems can be plotted. The results verified that the designed fractional order controller for the attitude control system of UAV is effective.

Currently, it has become a fundamental goal for the engineering major to cultivate high-quality engineering technicians with innovation ability in scientific research which is an important academic ability necessary for them. This paper mainly explores the development of comprehensive and designing experiments in automation based on scientific research projects and elaborates on the significance and indispensable role of these experiments in cultivating students’ research innovation ability.

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disorder of blood lipid metabolism characterized by high serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and premature coronary artery disease. In this study, we used a system biology approach to identify co-expressed gene pairs that were potentially involved in the progression of FH and constructed a conserved co-expression network using these genes. A total of 4232 co-expressed relationships were identified and we verified the significance by random permutation. FH patients showed differences in lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism in circulating monocytes and lymphocytes compared to healthy controls. We hope our study could aid in understanding of FH and could provide the basis for FH biomarker identification.

Because of many advantages such wide bandwidth, high code rate, and low power consumption, the laser space communication has been the new direction of the space communication development, and the APT (acquisition, pointing and tracing) technology is one of key technology for the laser space communication. The ATP rough tracing servo turntable studied in this article adopts two-axes-four-frame structure and the fractional order control strategy is adopted in the rough tracing position loop. The simulation result shows that, comparing with common controller, the fractional order controller could improve the dynamic response characteristics of the system.