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The combination of permanent magnets and electrically excited windings creates an air gap magnetic field. The development of a hybrid magnetic circuit motor with an adjustable magnetic field is of great significance. This article introduces a hybrid magnetic circuit motor design that combines salient pole electromagnetic and permanent magnets. A tubular magnetic barrier has been designed to reduce inter-pole leakage and enhance the usage rate of permanent magnets in the hybrid magnetic circuit motor. The optimum eccentricity of the rotor has been accurately designed, resulting in an improved sinusoidal distribution of the air gap magnetic density waveform. An analysis of the static composite magnetic field under various excitation currents has been conducted, showcasing the capability of the hybrid magnetic circuit motor to stably adjust the air gap flux density level and output torque. A prototype has undergone comprehensive trial production and testing, conclusively confirming the machine's superior output performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of ammonium sulphate and urea on the degradation and leaching of chlorotoluron in soil was studied under laboratory conditions. The degradation rate of chlorotoluron increased with increasing soil depth. Adsorbed chlorotoluron desorbed readily from subsurface soil because the content of clay and soil organic matter was lower in subsurface soil than in topsoil. After ammonium sulphate and urea were applied to the soil, the degradation of chlorotoluron became slower than that in the untreated soils with fertilizers. Moreover, the degradation of chlorotoluron was faster for all the depths examined with soils amended with urea than for all the depths examined with soils amended with ammonium sulphate. Chlorotoluron was mobile in soils when using non-aged and aged soil columns in different treatments, with mobility increasing in the order ammonium sulphate treatments < urea treatments < control. The results indicated that ammonium sulphate and urea reduced chlorotoluron leaching losses. On the other hand, more chlorotoluron remained in the aged soil columns than in non-aged soil columns, indicating that the mobility of chlorotoluron decreased in aged treated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]