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Background: The aim of this study was to report an unusual case of infective endophthalmitis one week after Glaucoma and cataract surgery in her left eye. That caused by multidrug-resistant Ochrobactrum anthropic. Findings: Intravitreal fluid culture confirmed multidrug-resistant Ochrobactrum anthropic. Drug sensitivity indicated that it was sensitive to aminoglycosides, quinolones and imipenem. After two times of intravitreal and anterior chamber injection of moxifloxacin combined with imipenem, as well as intravenous and ocular medication, bacterial endophthalmitis was successfully relieved.Conclusions: The persistent and refractory multidrug-resistant Ochrobactrum anthropic endophthalmitis is a clinical rare entity, often due to indolent pathogens that water and Iatrogenic instruments, etc. Combined with vitreous fluid drug sensitivity test and related literature, A combination of intravitreal injection moxifloxacin and imipenem, as well as systemic intravenous therapy, eventually brought endophthalmitis under control and restored vision.

The incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is severely increasing with the aging. It has been proposed that NSCs (neural stem cells) help to control aging, but the mechanisms responsible remain unclear. Angelica polysaccharide is an active ingredient of Angelica sinensis in traditional Chinese medicine, which possesses versatile pharmacological activities including anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects. In this study, D-gal (D-galactose) was used to construct an aging model of Nestin-GFP transgenic mice brain tissues and NSCs. Mouse model was subcutaneously injected with D-gal, as we observed that mice consistently displayed acceleration of aging-like behavior change, energy metabolism decreased, the expression of aging-related genes was up-regulated. Conversely, aging retardation was achieved in Nestin-GFP mice Induced by D-gal that was locally injected with ASP (Angelica polysaccharide). Mechanistically, we isolated and cultured NSCs in vitro. ASP protected NSCs by increasing the cell proliferation; decreasing the number of SA-β-gal stained neurons; increasing the activity of SOD(superoxide dismutase) and T-AOC(total antioxidant capacity), decreasing the content of MDA(malondialdehyde); decreasing the levels of IL-1b,IL-6,TNF-a and ROS; and down-regulated the expression of cellular senescence associated genes p53, p21 in the aging NSCs. In conclusion, ASP can delay aging speed by protecting NSCs and promote neurogenesis by enhancing the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity, up-regulation of p53/p21 signaling pathway. As to provide theoretical basis for treatment for brain aging related diseases, add new scientific connotation for "qi and blood theory" and "supplement blood and delay aging" of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Objective. To preliminary explore the senescent dynamic changes of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) by human ageing and its possible mechanism. Methods. The bone marrows were harvested from healthy volunteers, and according to volunteers’ age, these were divided into group A (≤25 years), group B (26-45 years), group C (46-65 years), and group D (>65 years). Totally, the bone marrows were extracted from the posterior superior iliac spine from volunteers under aseptic conditions. Diluted with isovolumic PBS, followed by centrifugation at 1×105/cm2, cells were cultured in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C. After three passages, surface marker identification of hBMMSCs was tested by flow cytometry (FCM), oil red O staining was used to observe the ability of osteogenic differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and the levels of osteocalcin (OST) in the supernatants were used to observe the ability of adipogenic differentiation, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining was used to detect the senescent BMSCs, the ability of BMSC proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), the distribution of the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was analyzed using enzymatic assay. Results. The BMSCs highly expressed CD73 and CD90, but lowly expressed CD34 and CD19/CD14. With age, osteogenic differentiation was markedly increased and audiogenic differentiation was significantly decreased. The number of SA-β-gal-positive cells was significantly increased, the proliferation ability of hBMMSCs declined, the BMSCs were held in the G1 phase, the MDA level of BMSCs was significantly increased, and total glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, and SOD activity significantly declined. Conclusions. With age, the aging BMSCs were intensified; the mechanism may be related to oxidative damage mediated aging-related pathways.

Topmouth culter (C. alburnus) is an important commercial fish in China. We compared the nucleotide variations in the mtDNA genomes among three geographical groups of Culter alburnus: Liangzi Lake, Hubei Province (referred to as LZH); Taihu Lake, Jiangsu Province (TH); and Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province (PYH). The similarity of whole mtDNA genomes ranged from 0.992 to 0.999. The similarity among 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and the D-loop sequences was found to range from 0.982 to 0.996. This is useful data for future designing work for making specific molecular marker for distinguishing individuals of C. alburnus from the three geographical groups. An extended termination-associated sequence (ETAS) and several conserved blocks (CSB-F, CSB-E, CSB-D, CSB1, CSB2, and CSB3) were identified in the mtDNA control regions. A phylogenetic analysis shows a monophyletic relationship of the LZF-female and the LZF-male. However, the analysis also showed paraphyletic relationships for the other two geological groups. This result will be useful for the future breeding work of C. alburnus.