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Oxycodone hydrochloride injection could be safely and effectively applied to negative pressure aspiration, and a 0.08 mg/kg dose could significantly reduce postoperative uterine contraction pain of patients with dysmenorrhea.

Background Depression is a common and serious complication in new mothers. We investigated the hypothesis that neuraxial labor analgesia is associated with a decreased risk of postpartum depression. Methods In this multicenter prospective cohort study with propensity score matching, 599 nulliparous women with single term cephalic pregnancy who planned vaginal delivery were enrolled and self-selected neuraxial analgesia or not. The primary outcome was 6-week postpartum depression assessed with the Chinese version Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; a score of ≥10 was set as the threshold of postpartum depression. Logistic regression models were established to assess the association between neuraxial labor analgesia and postpartum depression. Results Of the 577 parturients who completed the study, 417 (72.3%) received neuraxial analgesia and 160 (27.7%) did not. After propensity score matching, 433 parturients were included in the analysis; of whom, 279 (64.4%) received neuraxial analgesia and 154 (35.6%) did not. The incidence of postpartum depression was lower in parturients with neuraxial analgesia than in those without (14.9% [62/417] vs. 23.8% [38/160], P=0.012 before matching; 13.3% [37/279] vs. 23.4% [36/154], P=0.007 after matching). After adjustment for confounding factors, neuraxial analgesia was associated with decreased odds of postpartum depression (odds ratio [OR] 0.50, 95% CI 0.28-0.88, P=0.015 before matching; OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.21-0.77, P=0.006 after matching). Limitations As an observational study, unidentified confounders might influence the results. Conclusions In nulliparae with single term cephalic pregnancy preparing to give vaginal delivery neuraxial analgesia during labor was associated with a decreased risk of 6-week postpartum depression.

Background Severe labour pain is an important risk factor of postpartum depression, and early depression is associated with an increased risk of long-term depression; whereas the use of epidural analgesia during labour decreases the risk of postpartum depression. Objective To investigate whether neuraxial labour analgesia was associated with a decreased risk of 2-year depression. Design This was a multicentre, prospective, longitudinal study. Setting The study was performed in Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Beijing, China, between 1 August 2014 and 25 April 2017. Patients Five hundred ninety-nine nulliparous women with single-term cephalic pregnancy preparing for vaginal delivery were enrolled. Main outcome measure Depressive symptoms were screened with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at delivery-room admission, 6-week postpartum and 2 years after childbirth. A score of 10 or higher was used as the threshold of depression. The primary endpoint was the presence of depression at 2 years after childbirth. The association between the use of neuraxial labour analgesia and the development of 2-year depression was analysed with a multivariable logistic regression model. Results Five hundred and eight parturients completed 2-year follow-up. Of these, 368 (72.4%) received neuraxial analgesia during labour and 140 (27.6%) did not. The percentage with 2-year depression was lower in those with neuraxial labour analgesia than in those without (7.3 [27/368] vs. 13.6% [19/140]; P = 0.029). After correction for confounding factors, the use of neuraxial analgesia during labour was associated with a significantly decreased risk of 2-year depression (odds ratio 0.455, 95% confidence interval 0.230 to 0.898; P = 0.023). Conclusion For nulliparous women with single-term cephalic pregnancy planning for vaginal delivery, the use of neuraxial analgesia during labour was associated with a reduced risk of maternal depression at 2 years after childbirth. Trial registration www.chictr.org.cn: ChiCTR-OCH-14004888 and ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02823418.

Background No study has examined intima thickness of the carotid artery and peripheral arteries in subjects with acute ischemic stroke due to large-artery atherosclerosis (LAAS). The aim of this study was to test whether carotid intima thickness (CIT), radial intima thickness (RIT), and dorsalis pedis intima thickness (PIT) are closely associated to atherosclerotic risk factors and whether they possess independent and additive value for differentiating LAAS stroke. Methods One hundred and two patients with LAAS stroke and 104 age- and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled. CIT, RIT, and PIT were measured using a 24-MHz, high-resolution ultrasound system. Multivariate linear regression was performed to determine associations between ultrasonic parameters and risk factors. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of different parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to compare the performance of several diagnostic models. Results CIT ([36.97 ± 11.27] × 10−2 vs [23.68 ± 5.12] × 10−2 mm, P Conclusions Measurement of CIT, RIT, and PIT is feasible and reliable using newly developed ultrasound techniques. CIT and RIT were associated with traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis and exhibited incremental value to traditional risk factors for differentiating patients with LAAS stroke from control subjects.

To investigate the relationship between acetyl cholinesterase associated collagen gene (COLQ) mutation in patients with acetyl cholinesterase deficiency and its clinical characteristics. Serum and red blood cell acetyl cholinesterase from patients with acetyl cholinesterase deficiency (n=6) and normal controls (n=20) were measured by butyryl thiocholine substrate. COLQ gene variations were detected by sequencing. And the cholinesterase (ChE) genotypes were measured by dibucaine inhibition in vitro. The distributions of ChE surrounded the blood vessels and nerve fibers in lung or pancreas tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining and indirect immunofluorescence. Serum lactic acid, ammonia and other clinical data were analyzed. Serum ChE in patients with acetyl cholinesterase deficiency were only 1/50 to 1/1000 fold of normal controls. Comparing to controls, dibucaine inhibition values of patients were significantly lower, while there were no differences in red blood cells acetyl cholinesterase. Serum lactic acid and ammonia in patients were significantly higher than controls. Inser 1281-1282 GC of COLQ gene was found in 2 patients, while IVS 6 + 21 T > A, IVS 6 + 30 G > T, IVS 6 + 34 T > C and IVS66 + 12 inser T mutations were found in the other 4 patients, respectively. In addition, the patients with COLQ gene mutation were resistant to regular doses of anesthetics. COLQ gene mutation may be an important reason for the lack of serum ChE in patients with acetyl cholinesterase deficiency.

The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of dexmedetomidine on kidney injury of parturients with preeclampsia (PE) undergoing cesarean section. Total 134 cesarean delivery women with PE were randomly divided into intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). Both groups underwent combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA), the IG was treated with 0.4 μg/(kg·min) dexmedetomidine for 10 min before surgery. The CG was treated with equivalent saline. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, oxygen saturation (SpO2) of the two groups were measured at different time point after administration. Level of inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Visual analogue score (VAS), Ramsay sedation score (RSS), and kidney injury related indexes were evaluated at different time points. The plasma-drug concentration of patients was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. Compared with CG, HR, PE, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed lower level while SpO2 showed higher level in IG. Furthermore, expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-10 in IG was decreased after drug administration, the contents of β2-MG, KIM-1 and urine protein were also decreased in contrast to the CG (all P

Aims Currently, available Doppler echocardiographic reference values are derived mainly from North American and European population studies, which may not applicable to the Chinese population. We aimed to establish normal reference values of Doppler echocardiographic parameters in a nationwide, population-based cohort of healthy Han Chinese adults. Methods and results A total of 1394 qualified healthy subjects (mean age 47.3 ± 16.0 years, 678 men) were enrolled at 43 collaborating laboratories, 37 transvalvular flow and tissue Doppler parameters were obtained, and the impacts of gender and age on each parameter were analysed. Significant differences were found between men and women in 48.6% (18/37) of the parameters analysed, and among different age groups in 83.8% (31/37) of the parameters in men and in 86.5% (32/37) of the parameters in women. Conclusions Normal reference values of Doppler echocardiographic parameters were established for the first time in a nationwide, population-based cohort of healthy Han Chinese adults. Since most of these parameters differed by gender and/or age, reference values specified for gender and age should be recommended in clinical practice. [10.1093/ehjci/jev353][1] [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jev353

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture combined with auricular acupressure in treatment of nervous tinnitus. Methods One hundred and four patients with nervous tinnitus were randomly divided into a group A and a group B according to the method of random number table, with 52 patients in each group. In the group A, acupuncture at Yifēng ( TE 17), Tīnggōng ( SI 19), Tīnghui ( GB 2), Ěrmen ( TE 21) and Fēngchi ( GB 20) combined with auricular acupressure, such as Shenshangxian ( TG 2p), Jiāogan ( AH6a), Neifēnmi ( CO18), NeiĚr ( LO 6), WaiĚr ( TG1u), Shen ( CO10) and Gān ( CO12) were applied; in the group B, intravenous injection with compound Dānshēn ( Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae) dissolved in 250 mL of 0.9% NaCI injection were applied, combined with oral administration of 10 mg of Vitamin B1 and 0.5 mg of mecobalamin tablets. After treatment for three courses in the two groups, efficacy was evaluated based on Reference Standards of Severity, Assessment and Efficacy Evaluation of Tinnitus. Results In the group A (75 ears with nervous tinnitus), 30 ears were cured, markedly effective was seen in 21 ears, and effective in 22, and the total effective rate was 97.4%; in the group B (76 ears with nervous tinnitus), 17 ears were cured, markedly effective was seen in 20 ears, and effective in 23, and the total effective rate was 79.0%. The total effective rate in the group A was obviously superior to that in the group B, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P

Background: Neuraxial labour analgesia is associated with reduced postpartum depression but evidence is conflicting. Here we set out to investigate whether neuraxial labour analgesia was associated with a decreased risk of postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS). Methods: In this multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study, 577 nulliparous women with cephalic term singleton pregnancy who planned vaginal delivery self-selected neuraxial analgesia or no analgesia. Perinatal depressive symptoms were screened with the Chinese version Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). An EPDS score of ≥10 was used as the threshold of prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms. The primary outcome was the development of 6-week PDS. Logistic regression models were established to assess the association between the use of labour analgesia and the risk of PDS development. Findings: Of enrolled parturients, 14.6% (84/577) had prenatal depressive symptoms and 17.3% (100/577) developed PDS. The prevalence of PDS was lower in parturients who received neuraxial analgesia than in those who did not (14.9% [62/417] vs. 23.8% [38/160], p=0.012 in all parturients; 10.4% [37/356] vs. 18.2% [25/137], p=0.020 in those without prenatal depressive symptoms). After adjusted with confounding factors, the use of neuraxial analgesia was associated with decreased odds of PDS (odds ratio [OR] 0.55, 95% CI 0.34-0.91, p=0.019 in all parturients; OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28-0.90, p=0.022 in those without prenatal depressive symptoms). Interpretation: In nulliparae with cephalic term singleton pregnancy and planned vaginal delivery, neuraxial analgesia during labour was associated with a decreased risk of PDS development. Clinical Trial Number: This trial was registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov(NCT02823418). Funding Statement: This study was funded by Capital Characteristic Clinic Project (Z151100004015160), Beijing, China. Declaration of Interests: DM is supported by grants from the British Oxygen Chair, and British Journal of Anaesthesia Fellowship, London, UK. The other authors declare no competing interests. Part of the work was presented as an e-poster at the Euroanaesthesia 2018 Annual Meeting, Copenhagen, Denmark (June 2-4, 2018). Ethics Approval Statement: The study protocol was approved by the local Clinical Research Ethics Committees in Peking University First Hospital (2014[714]).

Aim To evaluate the effect and quality of epidural neostigmine and clonidine added to initial spinal analgesia in labor analgesia. Methods A systematic search was conducted in the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure electronic databases. Case–control studies reporting epidural administration of neostigmine and clonidine for labor analgesia were retrieved. For continuous variables, mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated; for binary classification variables, odds ratio (OR) and risk ratios (RR) with their 95% CI were analyzed. Results A total of four case–control studies, including 280 parturients, were identified in this meta-analysis. The results showed that epidural clonidine and neostigmine significantly prolonged initial analgesia (MD = 37.79, 95% CI = 9.37–66.21, P = 0.0.009) and reduced hourly local anesthetics and opioid administration (MD = −5.49, 95% CI = −6.78, −4.21, P

A portable LIBS device capable of analyzing material component especially for drilling fluids in the drilling site was designed and assembled. A position adjustable apparatus was developed, which permits the applications in outdoor environments. The alkali metal elements such as potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), have been detected in the drilling fluids using the newly developed portable LIBS device. The results show that the device well performs qualitative analysis, and also has potential predominance for the quantitative analysis in-situ.

Objective To assess the factors influencing the early and mid-term survival of patients receiving a second replacement of the left atrioventricular valve,so as to provide guidance for clinical practice.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 55 patients who underwent a second replacement of the left atrioventricular valve between Jan.2005 and Dec.2010 at Changhai Hospital.Their survival rate and its risk factors were analyzed.The control group included patients who received their first left atrioventricular valve replacement at the same hospital and had matched age,sex,and operation time.Univariate and multivariate Cox survival analyses were used to assess the survival risk factors at 30 days and 3 years after operation.Results The 30-day,1-year,3-year and 5-year survival rates of patients after reoperation were 92.7%,89.1%,83.6%,and 81.8%,respectively,which were not significantly different from those of the control group(94.5%,92.7%,90.9%,and 87.3%,respectively).The left ventricular ejection fraction was the only independent predictor of 30-day survival of patients after reoperation(P=0.018,RR=15.33).Diabetes mellitus and left ventricular ejection fraction were the independent predictors of 3-year survival(P=0.039,RR=6.242 and P=0.001,RR=91.957,respectively).Conclusion The early and mid-term mortality rates are not significantly different between the first and second replacement of left atrioventricular valve.Left ventricular ejection fraction is the only independent predictor of early-term survival after re-replacement of left atrioventricular valve;diabetes mellitus and left ventricular ejection fraction are the independent predictors of mid-term survival.

The aim of this study was to explore potential relationships between serum BDNF levels and depression in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.We included 208 consecutive SLE patients and 100 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. The presence of depressive symptoms was determined through the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) score.The serum BDNF levels were significantly (P0.0001) higher in SLE patients as compared to normal controls. There was a negative correlation between levels of BDNF and the SLE disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) (r=-0.349, P0.0001). Depression (defined as BDI-II score≥18) was identified in 54 SLE patients (26.0%, 95%CI: 20%-31.9%). The serum BDNF levels were significantly lower in depression patients at the time of admission as compared with patients without depression [27.6(IQR, 23.2-30.4)ng/ml vs. 36.2(IQR, 31.7-42.3)ng/ml; P0.0001]. Compared with the first quartile of serum BDNF levels, the second quartile OR for depression was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.61-0.80, P=0.033). For the third and fourth quartiles, it was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.33-0.52, P=0.002) and 0.16 (95% CI, 0.09-0.24; P0.001).Serum BDNF levels are decreased in SLE patients with depressive symptoms. In SLE, serum BNDF levels are independently associated with depressive disorders, suggesting the role of neurotrophic factors in depression.

In this paper, we construct the Riemann–Hilbert problem to the Lax pair of Chen–Lee–Liu (CLL) equation. As far as we know, many researchers have studied various equations with Riemann–Hilbert method before, but no one compared the N-soliton solutions calculated by different symmetries of potential matrix. Using different symmetries of potential matrix, we get two N-soliton solution formulae of the CLL equation. The interesting thing is that we find the equivalence of these two N-soliton solutions.

heyimei6666@126.com , yangzisheng@126.com, zbs1768@126.com, xumingjun0711@163.com KEYWORD:Mountainous area; Constructive land; Suitability evaluation; Comprehensive suitability index; China's southwestern frontier area ABSTRACT: Carrying out the evaluation of land suitability for urban construction in mountainous areas will provide a fundamental basis for building mountainous cities. This study carried out a full evaluation on suitability for urban construction and its suitability grade of each evaluation unit in the mountainous areas of Longchuan County, which is a mountainous border county located in southwest China, based on the latest 1:10000 land-use map produced from the County's Second National Land Survey, against the 12 evaluation indicators, using an approach combining the "Extreme Conditions Method" and "Suitability Index Method", and with the help of GIS technology. The results show that, the area of mountainous land suitable for construction and no-suitable for construction respectively account 13.01% and 86.99%. And first-class, second and third-class of land suitable for construction should be composited the ratio of about 12:43:45. The suitability evaluation index system and method developed in this paper is applicable for evaluating the construction land suitability in mountainous areas of Yunnan Province, and will provide theoretical and technical support for land policy measures which strengthen the protection of farmland and promote the scientific development of urbanization in Yunnan Province and even similar mountainous areas of the whole China.

Objective Our aim was to investigate the difference of mechanical properties of carotid plaques in subjects with and without ischaemic cerebralvascular disease using velocity vector imaging technique. Methods 162 carotid plaques were detected in 121 subjects. All patients were divided into three groups: patient with acute ischaemic infarction (ACI, n=48), patients with transient ischaemic attack (TIA, n=22) and patients without cerebrovascular history (NCD, n=51). With velocity vector imaging technique and syngo US Workplace (Siemens), mechanic parameters such as radial velocity (RV), longitudinal strain (LS) and longitudinal strain rate (LSR) were measured on carotid plaques at proximal base (P1), proximal shoulder (P2), top (P3), distal shoulder (P4) and distal base (P5). Morphological parameters including Intima-median thickness, plaque length and lumen diameter was also measured. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed from model that associate mechanical and morphological parameters. Results Higher RV was found in TIA and ACI than that in NCD. In ACI patients, P2-LS was higher than P1-LS, P4-LS and P5-LS (p Conclusion Measurement of mechanical parameters provides a noninvasive approach to the evaluation of plaque mechanical conditions, which is associated with ischaemic cerebralvascular disease. A characteristic of asymmetry was detected among different locations on carotid plaques especially in symptomatic subjects.