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The article presents the results of studies subject to establish the dependencies of thermal, mechanical and technological properties of highly filled polyphenylene sulfides depending on the mineral fillers introduced into the glass-filled polyphenylene sulfide. Mineral fillers differed in chemical and physical structure and nature. It is shown that the filling of glass-filled polyphenylene sulfide with powdered fillers does not affect the level of electrophysical properties, but significantly affects the physical, mechanical and technological characteristics of highly filled materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the physical, mechanical, and structural characteristics of handmade paper samples derived from cellulose extracted from grass clippings using two distinct methods as follows: (1) alkali treatment and (2) alkali treatment followed by bleaching, coupled with the incorporation of barium sulfate as a mineral filler. Our investigation revealed that the handmade paper samples' densities, moisture contents, and thicknesses varied within the ranges of 0.436 to 0.549 g/cm3, 5.60 to 2.51%, and 0.41 to 0.50 mm, respectively. The tensile strength and folding endurance of the papers produced through alkali treatment with barium sulfate were notably superior to those produced from bleached pulp and barium sulfate. Our analysis indicates that several critical factors, including paper density, thickness, the crystallinity index, and the microfibrillar structure of cellulose, intricately influence the mechanical and strength properties of the samples. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, we identified characteristic cellulose bonds and examined cellulose's crystalline and amorphous phases. Additionally, the crystallinity index of the samples was determined using both the Segal and peak deconvolution methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs revealed interconnected networks of cellulose fibers with varying thicknesses and lengths, along with incorporated mineral filler within the cellulose fiber structure. Variations in mineral particle retention were attributed to the presence or absence of cellulose microfibrils. These findings contribute to our understanding of the observed strength characteristics of the paper samples and underscore the potential applications of cellulose derived from grass clippings, especially when combined with barium sulfate as a mineral filler in paper production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asphalt pavements are fundamental to modern transportation infrastructure, requiring elasticity, firmness, and longevity. However, traditional asphalt, based on bitumen, faces several limitations. To improve pavement performance, polymer resins are being used to substitute bitumen and improve requirements. Therefore, a deep understanding of the material behavior is required. This study presents the analysis of the relaxation behavior of a poly(methyl methacrylate)-based pavement and the influence of mineral fillers. An approach using a linear elastic–viscoelastic material model was selected based on evidence and validated across the linear and nonlinear deformation range. The results reveal no influence of the mineral fillers on the relaxation behavior. The presented modification of the linear elastic and viscoelastic modeling reveals accurate results to predict long-term pavement performance. This approach offers a practical method for forecasting asphalt behavior. Further research is needed to incorporate deformation behavior into the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of research on the development of chemically resistant polymer–mineral casting composites based on industrial waste. The aim of this work is to develop a technological basis for obtaining effective inorganic fillers and highly filled composites for use in chlorine-containing environments. On the basis of theoretical data, mineral fillers and a polymer binder for filling composites were selected, optimal quantities of input hardeners and an appropriate thermal curing mode were determined, and the influence of the filling degree on the properties of composites was studied. The influence of various factors on the properties of the obtained composites was also studied, and the possibility of using local raw materials to obtain special-purpose composites was investigated. Ash from a thermal power plant (TPP) was used as an acid-resistant filler in composites. Two components were chosen as binders: phenol formaldehyde resin and mineral filler (TPP ash). As the third component, hydrolytically active fillers—anhydrite, phosphogypsum and phosphate slag—were used. The degree of filling has a significant influence on the properties of composites, including the compressive strength, chemical resistance and degree of curing, the values of which were elucidated across a wide range of composite variations based on the degree of filling. The conducted research allowed us to establish the limit of admissible anhydrite content, which should not exceed 15 mas.%. To optimize the chemical resistance and durability of the composites of the investigated substances, the method of mathematical planning was used. According to the results of this study, the optimal compositions of composites, in terms of anhydrite, phosphogypsum and phosphorus slag contents, were selected. At the maximum possible degree of filling, these composites exhibit high target characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to find a cost-effective way to mitigate the environmental problems caused by waste disposal, and Iraq is struggling to deal with the growing problem of rising solid waste creation and declining landfill capacities, such as blowdown, a carbon-sulfur by-product material of sulfur purification. This study evaluated the effects of blowdown [carbon-sulfur (CarSul)] as a mineral filler on both unmodified and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS)-modified asphalt mixtures as potential calcium carbonate (CaCO3) replacement. Performance tests and parameters were conducted, and the results were analyzed statistically using Minitab software. The results showed that using blowdown for unmodified and SBS-modified asphalt mixtures as a filler replacement led to improve Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, deformation strength, Marshall quotient, and semicircular bending test parameters, such as maximum load, total fracture energy, and critical J-integral, compared with the mixtures with CaCO3 filler. This provides advantages such as improved cracking and rutting resistance while meeting the requirements for Marshall characteristics and moisture susceptibility, indicating that using blowdown as a mineral filler in asphalt mixtures can potentially lead to cost savings and conserve valuable landfill space while also improving asphalt mixtures' performance. Furthermore, the analyses of test results show that the performance of SBS-modified asphalt mixtures is significantly better compared with unmodified mixtures, reducing the temperature susceptibility and improving the rutting and cracking resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purposes The effects of different mineral fillers and their compound ratio on the properties of water-based ultra-thin fireproof coatings are worth studying. Methods Aqueous epoxy/acrylic composite emulsion was used as film material. Ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine were used as expansion systems. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), coal gangue (CG), bentonite (BT), and hydrotalc (LDH) were used as mineral fillers. Findings The results show that the fire resistance of single mineral filler is as follows: TiO2>CG>BT>LDH. When the single TiO2 filler fireproof coating burns for 80 min, the carbon expansion rate reaches 13.6, the back temperature of steel plate is 274.9 ℃, and the carbon layer structure is in strength weak. The compound mineral fillers can achieve the goals of high efficiency fire prevention, low energy consumption, cost-effectivenes and environmental protection, and provide a new way to the high value utilization of mineral fillers When m(TiO2)∶m(BT)∶m(LDH) composite ratio is 6∶2∶2, the expansion ratio of carbon layer is 14.9, and the back temperature of steel plate is only 268.8 ℃. When the m(TiO2)∶m(BT)∶m(CG) mixture ratio is 8∶1∶1, the expansion ratio is 14.5, the steel plate back temperature is only 261.0 ℃, and the fire resistance performance is better than that of single mineral filler. Scanning electron microscopy mages show that the addition of BT, CG, and LDH makes the surface structure of the carbon layer more compact and stronger. Infrared spectroscopy analysis results show that phosphide and metal oxides in the residue of burned carbon layer enhance the structural strength of the carbon layer. Thermal gravimetric analysis data show that the carbon residues of the two coatings are 36.35% and 36.92%, which improves the thermal shielding performance of the carbon layer.

One of the main approaches to reducing the environmental impacts of the construction industry is the use of mineral additives reducing the use of cement in mortars and concretes for construction. The objects of this research are different cement composites with high content of inert mineral fillers (marble and quartz sand), the influence of zeolite incorporation on the microstructure, and low water-cement ratio, obtained after the hydration of white portland cement. In this study, the evolution of the curing processes and the crystal formation during up to 120 days of water-curing are investigated. Moreover, the effects of replacing up to 10 wt. % of white cement with natural zeolite are studied. Attention was focused on the general microstructural development during curing with special attention on the evolution and morphology of pore space and the observed calcium silicate hydrates (C–S–H), portlandite, and carbonate-containing phases. The phase composition (newly formed phases as well as the formation of C-S-H gel) is defined by using powder X-Ray diffraction and SEM. The experimental data shows that the cement composites with the inert marble filler as an additive lead to the creation of carbo-aluminates. The incorporation of up to 10 percent of clinoptilolite in concrete mixtures by mass of the total cementitious components is more efficient when used in lower strength mixes. A significant reduction in the workability of the fresh mortars is not observed, but the high surface area of zeolite reduces bleeding and accelerates setting without any strong effects on the other physical and technological properties of fresh mortars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I In the scope of the study, the use of waste phonolite (PW) obtained from phonolite wastewater formed during the processing of phonolite stone blocks as filler in hot-mix asphalt (HMA) was investigated. For this purpose, samples were produced with 4 %, 5 %, and 6 % PW mineral filler and 5 % limestone (LS) mineral filler. Phonolite supplied as waste was sieved through a sieve no 200 and made ready for use as a filler. HMA specimens were prepared with PW and LS at the rates of 3.5 %, 4 %, 4.5 %, 5 %, 5.5 %, and 6 % bitumen. For each filler ratio, a bituminous hot mix design was made by the Marshall method and optimum bitumen ratios (OBR) were determined. Bituminous hot mixture specimens were prepared based on OBR. Retained Marshall stability (RMS) test, indirect tensile strength (ITS), and moisture damage resistance tests and Marshall stability (MS) test after the freeze-thaw (F-T) cycle was applied to the prepared Marshall samples. The results obtained were evaluated according to the Turkish Highway Technical Specification (HTS). As a result, it was determined that the PW could be used as filler in HMA under low-intensity traffic.

Sulfur waste (SW) materials are piling up in Iraq, posing a costly disposal issue as well as gas emission concerns. An efficient way to reduce the consumption of a common filler (calcium carbonate; CaCO3) and hazardous gas emissions is to use SW as a mineral filler. For sustainable pavement construction, SW could be used as a mineral filler. This study analyzes this possibility. Sulfur waste asphalt concrete (SWAC) combinations with PG76-16 asphalt binder were constructed for the study, and they were tested against the CaCO3–asphalt concrete (AC) reference mixture. While the weight of SW in the SWAC mixtures ranged from 4% to 6% (by weight of aggregate), the CaCO3 concentration in the AC mixture was set at 5% (by weight of aggregate). Tests on the mechanical properties of AC and SWAC mixtures included the Marshall stability and Marshall quotient, as well as the static indirect tensile strength at 25 and 60 °C, and tensile strength ratio. To a lesser extent, the SWAC combinations have lower Marshall stability, tensile strength, and tensile strength ratio than AC mixture. Even at 5% SWAC, the values of tensile strength ratio are still higher than the minimum values of 85%. A greater flow rate indicates greater strain capacity to achieve failure in SWAC mixtures. All SWAC combinations meet the minimal ASTM standards of 8kN stability, 2–4 mm flow, 3–5% air voids, and 14% VMA at the same optimal binder content. In this study, it was determined that 4–5% by weight of aggregate can be recycled and used as a sustainable mineral filler for paving applications, where it is available and the cost of transportation is lower than CaCO3 filler materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the scope of the study, the use of waste phonolite (PW) obtained from phonolite wastewater formed during the processing of phonolite stone blocks as filler in hot-mix asphalt (HMA) was investigated. For this purpose, samples were produced with 4 %, 5 %, and 6 % PW mineral filler and 5 % limestone (LS) mineral filler. Phonolite supplied as waste was sieved through a sieve no 200 and made ready for use as a filler. HMA specimens were prepared with PW and LS at the rates of 3.5 %, 4 %, 4.5 %, 5 %, 5.5 %, and 6 % bitumen. For each filler ratio, a bituminous hot mix design was made by the Marshall method and optimum bitumen ratios (OBR) were determined. Bituminous hot mixture specimens were prepared based on OBR. Retained Marshall stability (RMS) test, indirect tensile strength (ITS), and moisture damage resistance tests and Marshall stability (MS) test after the freeze-thaw (F-T) cycle was applied to the prepared Marshall samples. The results obtained were evaluated according to the Turkish Highway Technical Specification (HTS). As a result, it was determined that the PW could be used as filler in HMA under low-intensity traffic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste powder materials (WPM) is a by-product of mosaic tile polishing facilities in Iraq. The use of WPM has a positive impact on both economic and environmental issues. The current study investigates the potential of using WPM as a filler in asphalt mixtures. For the investigation, hot mix asphalt (HMA) combinations, which were made of waste powder materials and 40–50 penetration grade asphalt binder, were built and tested, then compared with the CaCO3 –HMA virgin mix. While the WPM mass in the HMA mixes between 4.0% and 6.0% (by aggregate mass), the CaCO3 dosage in the HMA mixtures was selected as 5.0%. The mechanical properties of CaCO3 and WPM/HMA mixes were tested using the Marshall stability and Marshall rigidity, besides the unconditional and conditional tensile strength and the tensile strength ratio (TSR). The HMA combinations consisting of 5% and 6% WPM have slightly higher tensile strength, stability, TSR, flexibility index, cracking resistance index, Jc-integral, and deformation resistance values than the CaCO3 -HMA mixture. All WPM-HMA mixes agree with the minimal limits of ASTM of 8 kN stability, 2–4 mm flow, and 3–5 percent air voids when the optimal binder concentration is used. This study found that 5–6 percent of the aggregate by weight can be replaced with the WPM as a green mineral filler for paving construction. WPM is available and cheaper than CaCO3 filler materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study's major goal is to examine the possibility of using medical waste (MW) incineration as a mineral filler in hot mix asphalt paving mixtures. Four different blends, including a CaCO3 reference mix, were subjected to binder testing, e.g., penetration, ductility, softening point, and rotational viscosity tests. All of the MW mixes contained the Marshall method's optimal amount of asphalt. The engineering properties, including Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, tensile strength ratio, and deformation strength in the Kim test, were determined. Chemical analysis results indicate that MW has iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and chromium as transition elements, which react with the asphalt heteroatoms comparable with CaCO3. The results also indicate that the MW-asphalt mastic has lower ductility, softening point, and rotational viscosity than those for CaCO3 -asphalt mastic. All MWAC combinations, to a lesser extent, satisfy the minimal ASTM requirements of 8 kN stability, 2–4 mm flow, and 3%–5% air voids at the same optimal binder concentration. Even at 6%, the use of MW as a mineral filler obtained from solid waste in the creation of asphalt paving mixtures is conceivable and feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the physical, mechanical, and structural characteristics of handmade paper samples derived from cellulose extracted from grass clippings using two distinct methods as follows: (1) alkali treatment and (2) alkali treatment followed by bleaching, coupled with the incorporation of barium sulfate as a mineral filler. Our investigation revealed that the handmade paper samples’ densities, moisture contents, and thicknesses varied within the ranges of 0.436 to 0.549 g/cm3, 5.60 to 2.51%, and 0.41 to 0.50 mm, respectively. The tensile strength and folding endurance of the papers produced through alkali treatment with barium sulfate were notably superior to those produced from bleached pulp and barium sulfate. Our analysis indicates that several critical factors, including paper density, thickness, the crystallinity index, and the microfibrillar structure of cellulose, intricately influence the mechanical and strength properties of the samples. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, we identified characteristic cellulose bonds and examined cellulose’s crystalline and amorphous phases. Additionally, the crystallinity index of the samples was determined using both the Segal and peak deconvolution methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs revealed interconnected networks of cellulose fibers with varying thicknesses and lengths, along with incorporated mineral filler within the cellulose fiber structure. Variations in mineral particle retention were attributed to the presence or absence of cellulose microfibrils. These findings contribute to our understanding of the observed strength characteristics of the paper samples and underscore the potential applications of cellulose derived from grass clippings, especially when combined with barium sulfate as a mineral filler in paper production.

Asphalt pavements are fundamental to modern transportation infrastructure, requiring elasticity, firmness, and longevity. However, traditional asphalt, based on bitumen, faces several limitations. To improve pavement performance, polymer resins are being used to substitute bitumen and improve requirements. Therefore, a deep understanding of the material behavior is required. This study presents the analysis of the relaxation behavior of a poly(methyl methacrylate)-based pavement and the influence of mineral fillers. An approach using a linear elastic–viscoelastic material model was selected based on evidence and validated across the linear and nonlinear deformation range. The results reveal no influence of the mineral fillers on the relaxation behavior. The presented modification of the linear elastic and viscoelastic modeling reveals accurate results to predict long-term pavement performance. This approach offers a practical method for forecasting asphalt behavior. Further research is needed to incorporate deformation behavior into the model.

This article presents the results of research on the development of chemically resistant polymer–mineral casting composites based on industrial waste. The aim of this work is to develop a technological basis for obtaining effective inorganic fillers and highly filled composites for use in chlorine-containing environments. On the basis of theoretical data, mineral fillers and a polymer binder for filling composites were selected, optimal quantities of input hardeners and an appropriate thermal curing mode were determined, and the influence of the filling degree on the properties of composites was studied. The influence of various factors on the properties of the obtained composites was also studied, and the possibility of using local raw materials to obtain special-purpose composites was investigated. Ash from a thermal power plant (TPP) was used as an acid-resistant filler in composites. Two components were chosen as binders: phenol formaldehyde resin and mineral filler (TPP ash). As the third component, hydrolytically active fillers—anhydrite, phosphogypsum and phosphate slag—were used. The degree of filling has a significant influence on the properties of composites, including the compressive strength, chemical resistance and degree of curing, the values of which were elucidated across a wide range of composite variations based on the degree of filling. The conducted research allowed us to establish the limit of admissible anhydrite content, which should not exceed 15 mas.%. To optimize the chemical resistance and durability of the composites of the investigated substances, the method of mathematical planning was used. According to the results of this study, the optimal compositions of composites, in terms of anhydrite, phosphogypsum and phosphorus slag contents, were selected. At the maximum possible degree of filling, these composites exhibit high target characteristics.

Hot- and cold-applied joint sealants are materials commonly used for the surface repairs of the upper layers of asphalt or concrete road surfaces. Our investigations covered six hot-applied joint sealants, classified as the high-extension type N1 (elastic) or low-extension type N2 (normal), in accordance with the standard EN 14188-1; the sealants were obtained commercially from four European manufacturers. The present paper focuses on the characterization of the consistency of the joint sealants, the bituminous binders that contain them, and the characterization of their insoluble components. Additional testing methods included an FTIR analysis of the sealants and the extracted binders, as well as SEM, EDS, and sieving analyses of the insoluble material. Joint sealants are complex formulations and include a broad range of base asphalt binders and other components. Their compositions may vary widely, while still fulfilling the performance specifications. Through the extraction of the solvents and the separation of the crack sealants, it was found that radically different compositions of crack sealants resulted in the comparatively similar performance of the tested material. The EDS and FTIR analysis methods provided insights into the composition of the crack sealants and the types of mineral materials used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recycling steel slag into asphalt concrete is an important way to save natural resources and protect the environment. The high asphalt absorption and adsorption and the sensitivity of steel slag aggregate (SSA) to the combined damage of temperature and moisture (volume expansion and poor durability under freeze-thaw cycle damage) still pose risks for the use of SSA in asphalt concrete. It is urgent to develop new utilization methods of steel slag. With this in mind, the material properties of steel slag powder (SSP) and performance characteristics of asphalt concrete incorporating SSP filler were evaluated in this research. The SSP was prepared in the laboratory by grinding steel slag with a particle size of 2.36–4.75 mm. Firstly, the material properties of SSP including the specific surface area, particle gradation, apparent density, chemical compositions, and thermal stability were analyzed. Steel slag (2.36–4.75 mm) and common limestone powder (LP) filler were used as control groups. The grindability of steel slag and the advantages of using SSP as a filler in asphalt concrete were preliminarily analyzed based on the test results of material properties. Then, the Superpave method was used to design asphalt concrete incorporating SSP and LP. Considering that steel slag is sensitive to the combined damage of temperature and moisture, the main engineering performance of asphalt concrete after the combined damage of temperature and moisture was evaluated to further reveal the feasibility of using SSP as a filler. Two combined damage modes, namely hot water damage and freeze-thaw cycle damage, were applied. Results suggest that although the steel slag is more difficult to grind compared to limestone particles, grinding steel slag into SSP has improved the uniformity of its material properties. Good uniformity of material properties, high alkalinity, and excellent thermal stability of SSP give it some advantages in its application in asphalt concrete. Although the freeze-thaw cycle damage has a slightly more significant effect on the engineering performance of asphalt concrete than hot water damage, compared to the asphalt concrete with LP filler, even after freeze-thaw cycle damage for three cycles asphalt concrete incorporating SSP still possesses comparable or better volume stability, mechanical performance, high-temperature deformation resistance, low-temperature crack resistance, fatigue crack resistance, and fatigue durability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before using basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) in any engineering application, it is important to determine its properties. The chemical composition, mineralogy, and physical properties of BOF slag are subject to large fluctuations as a result of different raw additives, different compositions of the molten iron used for producing the steel, oxygen stirring of a molten pool, uneven temperature fields, and other complex physical conditions. Thus, in this research, the engineering properties of BOF slag aggregates with different ages were identified, and then the feasibility of BOF slag aggregates in mortar application was investigated. It was found that stockpiled BOFS was harder than fresh BOF slag, which had lower aggregate crushing values and lower LA abrasion values. Also, stockpiled BOFS showed less expansion than fresh BOF slag regardless of water and 1 M NaOH solution immersion. The chemical reaction between f-CaO, f-MgO, and water due to weathering in the field extremely reduced the expansion of BOFS submerged in water. BOFS may contain reactive silica, which causes an alkali–silica reaction (ASR). Stockpiled BOFS (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%) used as a mineral filler in asphalt concrete mix brought about low tensile strength at break up (crack), low compressive strength at +50 °C, poor cohesion, and residual porosity. However, these parameters were partially improved with the use of a thermostable adhesive additive for road bitumen based on polyphosphoric acid esters. The comprehensive assessment in this study indicates that while some mixtures meet the specified criteria for certain properties, there are challenges, particularly regarding crack resistance and cohesion, that need to be addressed to fully align with the standard. Adjustments to the mixture proportions, the exploration of alternative additives, and the use of different types of fillers may be necessary to achieve the desired properties, especially in terms of crack resistance and cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. One of the problems of developing new generation concrete is to ensure the rational granulometric composition of a mixture of cement and fine additives to ensure the densest packing of all particles of the cement system. In this regard, the paper considers the optimization of the dispersed structure of quartz filler, taking into account its specific surface area, concentration in the composition of the binder and water-solid ratio.Materials and methods. In the studies, Portland cement TSEM I 42.5 N (GOST 31108-2020) of ZAO Belgorod Cement and fine quartz were used. The compressive strength samples were tested on a PGM-100 MG4 laboratory press. The granulometric composition of the fillers was determined using Analysette 22 NanoTec plus laser diffraction particle size analyzer.Results. The conducted studies have allowed to determine that the optimal dosages of microdispersion filler are closely related to the specific surface area and the V/T of the mixture. It is shown that with an increase in the dispersion of quartz filler, a decrease in the range of optimal dosages is observed, which narrows with an increase in the water-solid ratio. The mechanisms of structure formation affecting the properties of dispersed-optimized cement systems are described. With the growth of the specific surface of the filler, the specific activity of the unit of the surface of the filled binder decreases, which is accompanied by a decrease in the number of crystallizationcoagulation bonds between the hydrate phases of cement.Conclusion. The experimental data obtained confirm that for a cement stone made of a mixed binder, the watersolid ratio is no less significant than the concentration of a mineral additive, therefore, a decrease in the V/T of mixed cements is a necessary condition for achieving a given strength.

Medical waste incineration fly ash (MWIFA) contains heavy metals that are toxic by nature and pose numerous health risks. The paper deals with the suitability of MWIFA as a mineral filler in the bituminous layer as an alternative to conventional stone dust (SD) through an appropriate combination of engineering and environmental assessments. Engineering parameters, such as Marshall stability, stability loss, flow, unit weight, air voids (Va), voids filled with asphalt (VFA), and voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA) of the asphalt mixtures, were evaluated with varying filler ratios, from 2% to 10%. All parameters for both fillers at optimum bitumen content satisfied the Marshall Mix Design criteria. The optimum bitumen contents of all filler ratios were within the standard limit recommended by the Bangladesh Roads and Highways Department. It was found that mixes prepared with MWIFA can resist moisture effects, making them durable in the monsoon. The mixes with 5.5% MWIFA as mineral filler performed the best, whereas 9% SD filler was required to achieve similar performance. The environmental test results show no environmental restriction on stabilizing the MWIFA into paving mixtures. The mobility of heavy metals (As, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Cd, Hg, and Zn) from the asphalt-MWIFA mix was insignificant. The cumulative concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Pb) from long-term leaching tests were far below the Dutch regulatory limit (U1). MWIFA can be considered an eco-friendly and sustainable mineral filler for the dense bituminous pavement layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Mineral filler is an important component of asphalt mixture which plays an important role in ensuring the quality of asphalt mixtures. The specific surface of mineral filler is about 90 % of the specific surface of aggregates in asphalt mixture. Being a part of asphalt mixture, mineral filler performs two roles: it fills the pores between fine grained and coarse-grained aggregate and structurizes bitumen. Recently, a significant amount of works has been devoted to the study of industrial waste as a raw material for the production of mineral filler. First of all, these studies are related to the evaluation of the direct effect of mineral filler mainly on the volumetric properties of asphalt concrete or on its strength properties. Since one of the purposes of mineral filler is structurizing of bitumen, it is reasonable to pay considerable attention when studying the alternative raw materials, to the structurizing ability of the obtained mineral filler, as insufficient structurizing ability of mineral filler can cause plastic deformations, and too high structurizing ability causes the decreasing of its low-temperature crack resistance. Problem statement. In order to evaluate the structurizing ability of the mineral filler, the «ring and ball method» is preferably used, in which the structurizing ability is evaluated by ane increase in the softening point of bitumen after mixing with the mineral filler. However, this method characterizes only the effect of mineral filler on the properties of bitumen at high operating temperatures, but it does not consider the possible change in the properties of bitumen at low operating temperatures and at process temperatures. Objective. This study explores the evaluation of the effect of mineral filler of different origin on the structuring of bitumen at low and high operating temperatures, as well as at process temperatures for the production of asphalt mixtures. Materials and methods. Mineral filler of limestone, granite, quartzite, fly ash, mechanically activated fly ash, the ash from hydraulic waste disposal, blast furnace slag and cement had been used for research. Results. The results of researches showed a significant effect of the mineral filler origin on its structurizing capacity. The structurizing capacity of mineral filler increases with growing temperature; so at low operating temperature mineral filler has almost no effect on the properties of bitumen, and with the increase of temperature to the values of high operating temperature and process temperatures of asphalt mixtures production, the effect of mineral filler on bitumen properties becomes much more significant. Conclusions. Studies of the structurizing capacity of mineral filler of different origins by changing the softening point had shown the possibility of using the raw materials of different origins for the production of mineral filler namely: raw materials from rock (sedimentary, erupted and metamorphic), raw materials from industrial by-products (fly ash, ash from hydraulic waste disposal, blast furnace slag), and also practically finished construction product (cement). For evaluation of the effectiveness of mineral filler, it is possible to study its structurizing capacity by changing the brittleness temperature, as during determination of this indicator, it is possible to evaluate the effect of structuring, which consists in maintaining the homogeneity of asphalt binder during the preparation of plates.

Introduction. The article presents the production results for binder compositions of the optimal proportion based on Portland cement and claydite waste – claydite dust. The granulometric composition studies have been conducted, test results for binder compositions of different proportions are presented: cement – claydite dust, jointly mechanically activated in a vibrating mill. The binder compositions with a wide range of use have been developed and determined. Using the electron microscopy method, microphotographs of cement stones chips made from Portland cement and different contents of claydite dust, which have been mechanically activated in a vibrating mill, were taken. There is active overgrowth of open pores in cement stones obtained from binder compositions by neoplasms of various sizes.After the use of claydite dust as a raw mix, the structure of the composite is compacted.Materials and methods. ЦЕМ0 52.5N Portland cement (GOST 31108-2020) produced by ZAO Belgorodskii Cement and claydite dust, the waste of claydite dust production, were used in the work. The mechanical activation was performed by grinding in a vibrating mill. The normal density was determined using the Vic’s device according to GOST. The granulometric composition was studied using the AnalyssetteNanoTecplus device. The microstructure was studied using a high-resolution scanning electronic TESCAN MIRA 3 LMU microscope. In order to construct diffractograms, the ARL X’TRA Thermo Fisher Scientific device was used.Results. The binding composition of the optimal proportion of claydite dust demonstrates an increase in strength characteristics, there is a compaction of the cement stone structure compared to ordinary Portland cement.Discussion and conclusions. The use of waste from the production of claydite – claydite dust as a mineral filler of the binder composition makes it possible to save expensive Portland cement, while increasing the strength characteristics of the binder composition.

In this study, utilization of waste fluorescent lamp as mineral filler in asphalt mixture was investigated. The phosphorus powder of fluorescent lamps was removed by sieving and washing of the samples. Toxicity of waste lamps was investigated. Glass sample was used in the ratio of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% to mineral filler. Optimum bitumen ratio was determined using super-pave mixing method which requires volumetric properties of the mixtures. Finally, indirect tensile tests were carried out on the dry and wet samples. Results of toxicity test indicated that glass of waste lamp was not classified as hazardous waste after washing. Indirect tensile test show that dry resistance values of the sample containing waste glass were similar to control sample. However, after the samples were conditioned, indirect tensile test show that wet values were significantly decreased by increasing glass content. As a result, when the glass of waste fluorescent lamp was used as mineral filler, the asphalt mixtures became more sensitive to moisture. Since this sensitivity will not be important, it is recommended to use waste fluorescent lamp glasses as a mineral filler for the "binder layer" that is not directly exposed to contact with water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the study, the usability of diatomite as filler in asphalt concrete pavements was investigated. For this purpose, Marshall briquettes were prepared with bitumen content of 3.0-3.5-4.0-4.5-5.0% by using limestone aggregate and crushed stone dust filler. These samples were prepared using the Marshall stability and flow test precedure, and the following results were discovered: stability value, flow value, bulk specific gravity (Dp), percentage of voids (Vf), percent voids filled with asphalt (vfa) and voids in mineral aggregate (VMA). The optimum bitumen content was determined as 4.68% after the relevant graphs were created based on the results of the limestone sample. Based on the optimum amount of bitumen determined and using the same gradation, limestone fillers and diatomite fillers were replaced at the rates of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100%, and diatomite-modified asphalt concrete samples were produced. After the stability, flow, Dp, Vh, Vfa, VMA values of the diatomite filler briquettes were determined, the test results were evaluated. As a result of the research, it was determined that the samples containing 25% diatomite fillers had high stability and acceptable flow values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bu çalışmada ferrokrom tesislerinde kromit cevherinin zenginleştirilmesi sürecinde ortaya çıkan atık olivin malzemesinin esnek üstyapılarda filler olarak kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. İlk aşamada geleneksel kırmataş kalker agregası tozu kullanılarak elde edilen gradasyonda sabit filler oranı %4.7 olarak alınmış ve bitüm oranı %3,5, %4,0, %4,5, %5,0, %5,5 alınarak optimum bitüm yüzdesi elde edilmiştir. İkinci aşamada, ilk aşamada bulunan optimum bitüm yüzdesi ile geleneksel kırmataş kalker agregası tozuna %0, %25, %50, %75 ve %100 oranlarında olivin ikame edilerek oluşturulan numunelere; stabilite, akma, pratik özgül ağırlık, boşluk yüzdesi, asfalt dolu boşluk yüzdesi ve agregalar arası boşluk yüzdesi deneyi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre geleneksel kırmataş kalker agregası filler malzemesiyle ikame edilen olivin yüzdelerine göre asfalt betonunun mühendislik özelliklerinin değişimi karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak olivinin sıcak karışım asfalt betonlarda filler malzeme olarak kullanılabileceği görülmüştür.

Hot- and cold-applied joint sealants are materials commonly used for the surface repairs of the upper layers of asphalt or concrete road surfaces. Our investigations covered six hot-applied joint sealants, classified as the high-extension type N1 (elastic) or low-extension type N2 (normal), in accordance with the standard EN 14188-1; the sealants were obtained commercially from four European manufacturers. The present paper focuses on the characterization of the consistency of the joint sealants, the bituminous binders that contain them, and the characterization of their insoluble components. Additional testing methods included an FTIR analysis of the sealants and the extracted binders, as well as SEM, EDS, and sieving analyses of the insoluble material. Joint sealants are complex formulations and include a broad range of base asphalt binders and other components. Their compositions may vary widely, while still fulfilling the performance specifications. Through the extraction of the solvents and the separation of the crack sealants, it was found that radically different compositions of crack sealants resulted in the comparatively similar performance of the tested material. The EDS and FTIR analysis methods provided insights into the composition of the crack sealants and the types of mineral materials used.

Before using basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) in any engineering application, it is important to determine its properties. The chemical composition, mineralogy, and physical properties of BOF slag are subject to large fluctuations as a result of different raw additives, different compositions of the molten iron used for producing the steel, oxygen stirring of a molten pool, uneven temperature fields, and other complex physical conditions. Thus, in this research, the engineering properties of BOF slag aggregates with different ages were identified, and then the feasibility of BOF slag aggregates in mortar application was investigated. It was found that stockpiled BOFS was harder than fresh BOF slag, which had lower aggregate crushing values and lower LA abrasion values. Also, stockpiled BOFS showed less expansion than fresh BOF slag regardless of water and 1 M NaOH solution immersion. The chemical reaction between f-CaO, f-MgO, and water due to weathering in the field extremely reduced the expansion of BOFS submerged in water. BOFS may contain reactive silica, which causes an alkali–silica reaction (ASR). Stockpiled BOFS (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%) used as a mineral filler in asphalt concrete mix brought about low tensile strength at break up (crack), low compressive strength at +50 °C, poor cohesion, and residual porosity. However, these parameters were partially improved with the use of a thermostable adhesive additive for road bitumen based on polyphosphoric acid esters. The comprehensive assessment in this study indicates that while some mixtures meet the specified criteria for certain properties, there are challenges, particularly regarding crack resistance and cohesion, that need to be addressed to fully align with the standard. Adjustments to the mixture proportions, the exploration of alternative additives, and the use of different types of fillers may be necessary to achieve the desired properties, especially in terms of crack resistance and cohesion.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of freeze and thaw (FT) cycles on the performance of asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures modified by partial replacement of mineral filler of the aggregate with natural bentonite clay (NBC) in order to reduce damage that occurs due to rapid FT cycles within the pavement structure. After exposure to FT cycles, AC mixture stability is reduced and becomes lower than minimum requirements, which leads to earlier damage of pavement. In order to enhance the AC mixture's abilities to sustain severe FT cycles, this study used NBC amounts as a substitute for mineral filler by weight of its portion of the total aggregate: 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Marshall stability, flow, and FT cycles were tested, and interior damage degree was assessed by a nondestructive test called ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). The results revealed the viability of combining NBC with asphalt mixtures for the purpose of improving the mixtures' properties, particularly in environments where asphalt pavement is exposed to alternating FT cycles. The results also revealed that replacement of filler with NBC by 5% in AC mixtures reduced the damage caused over 8 continuous weeks of rapid FT cycles by 13%, which, in future applications, would reduce maintenance cost and prolong the pavement's service life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asphalt binder and mineral filler are mixed together to bond fine and coarse aggregates of asphalt mixture. The interaction between asphalt and filler plays an important role in deciding the rheological responses of asphalt mixture. Significant efforts have been devoted over the years to studying the asphalt–filler interaction in terms of mechanisms, evaluation methods and influence factors. The interaction mechanisms of filler particles to asphalt have been analysed from various perspectives, including rheological test, microstructural change and molecular dynamic simulation. This paper systematically reviews current evidence to thoroughly reflect the asphalt–filler interaction mechanism. Based on different theoretical models and rheological parameters, several evaluation indices have been proposed in recent decades. This paper also summarises the effectiveness and sensitiveness of these indices to measuring the asphalt–filler interaction ability. Additionally, the influences of internal and external factors on asphalt–filler interaction ability are comprehensively reviewed, aiming to shed light on its fundamental mechanisms to enhance asphalt mixture design. The internal factors refer to the characteristics of asphalt and filler particles, while the external factors include temperature, loading frequency, asphalt thermal oxidation and water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The state-of-the-art all-solid-state batteries are expected to surpass conventional flammable Li-ion batteries, offering high energy density and safety in an ultrathin and lightweight solvent-free polymeric electrolyte (SPE). Nevertheless, there is an urgent need to boost the room-temperature ionic conductivity and interfacial charge transport of the SPEs to approach practical all-solid-state devices. Accordingly, loading filler grains into SPEs has been well-documented as a versatile strategy, promoting the overall electrochemical performance. In this era, using natural resources to extract filler additives has attracted tremendous attention to curb fossil fuel dependency. Also, there is a growing preference for materials that impose minimal environmental harm, are sustainable, and exhibit environmentally friendly characteristics. Therefore, mineral and biobased fillers, as natural-based additives, are strong candidates to replace traditional petroleum-based synthetic materials. Herein, we conduct a systematic investigation into the ion-transport mechanisms and fundamental properties of the filler-loaded SPEs. Additionally, recent advances in SPE architectures through embedding mineral and biobased fillers, as well as their hybrid compositions, are focused. Finally, the downsides and future directions are highlighted to facilitate further development and research toward revitalizing rechargeable battery-related technology. Overall, efficient methods for modifying SPEs through the use of natural resource organic and inorganic fillers are discussed, and technological advancements and related challenges are emphasized. Following the provided rational solutions to overcome major obstacles faced by SPEs, we hope to meet the demands of a greener future.

Rubberwood biomass ash (RWA), which was derived from the combustion of rubberwood biomass in a fuel factory, was obtained for reuse as a natural mineral filler substitute in water-based intumescent coatings. The specific surface area of the RWA was 3.10 m2/g, with the particle's surface areas predominant composed of mesopores, which was justified using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller Test (BET). Rubberwood ash coatings (RWAC) formulated with 3.0 wt% RWA exerted the most homogenous and durable surface matrix in the Accelerating Weathering Test (AWT). Fire-resistant test (FRT) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated the incorporation of the RWA with the intumescent flame-retardant formulation, generated positive effects in equilibrium end temperature, thermal decomposition, and weight loss reductions. These effects are most prominent in the RWAC-3, which was comprised of 3 wt% RWA, and 50/40/7 wt% vinyl acetate (VA)/intumescent flame retardant additive (IFRA)/pigment. The RWAC-3 showed the lowest equilibrium end temperature at 131.4 °C, the lowest thermal degradation at 71 wt%, and the highest carbonaceous char formation at 12.8 mm. The Surface Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) results exhibited a dense, compact, and coherent char formation for the RWAC-3 sample. The abundant O and P crosslinking structures in the RWAC-3 contributed to the quality of the char barrier. These results are supported by the evidence from Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), which revealed the stretching of the O–H, P–O–C, and PO molecular functional groups, and the presence of thermally stable phosphate compounds in the RWAC-3.

Industrial and technological advancements have led to an increase in environmental waste. Natural sources of construction materials have depleted over time making access to quality materials difficult. Recurrent deterioration of asphalt pavements, especially those subjected to heavy truck traffic has also become prevalent recently. This paper aims to evaluate the strength properties of Bituminous Macadam Surfacing (BMS) prepared with blends of Portland cement (PC) /Ceramic Waste Powder (CWP) as filler; replacing PC with CWP in 20 % increments (20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 % and 100 %). The Marshall properties of the mixes were tested and the results were compared with standard specifications as stipulated in the Nigeria General Specification for Roads and Bridges. The results showed that CWP significantly improved the Marshall properties, especially stability. At 80 % CWP and 5 % bitumen content (optimum bitumen content), stability of 11.2 kN was observed compared to 9.84 kN at 0 % CWP (control sample); representing a 13.82 % increase in stability. Similar improvement was observed in Marshal flow and volumetric properties. An 80 % CWP (by weight of filler) gave optimum values for all Marshall parameters and obtained values fall within the limits adjudged by The Nigerian Federal ministry of works & housing. An 80 % CWP by weight of filler is therefore recommended for the construction of BMS.

Medical waste incineration fly ash (MWIFA) contains heavy metals that are toxic by nature and pose numerous health risks. The paper deals with the suitability of MWIFA as a mineral filler in the bituminous layer as an alternative to conventional stone dust (SD) through an appropriate combination of engineering and environmental assessments. Engineering parameters, such as Marshall stability, stability loss, flow, unit weight, air voids (Va), voids filled with asphalt (VFA), and voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA) of the asphalt mixtures, were evaluated with varying filler ratios, from 2% to 10%. All parameters for both fillers at optimum bitumen content satisfied the Marshall Mix Design criteria. The optimum bitumen contents of all filler ratios were within the standard limit recommended by the Bangladesh Roads and Highways Department. It was found that mixes prepared with MWIFA can resist moisture effects, making them durable in the monsoon. The mixes with 5.5% MWIFA as mineral filler performed the best, whereas 9% SD filler was required to achieve similar performance. The environmental test results show no environmental restriction on stabilizing the MWIFA into paving mixtures. The mobility of heavy metals (As, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Cd, Hg, and Zn) from the asphalt-MWIFA mix was insignificant. The cumulative concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Pb) from long-term leaching tests were far below the Dutch regulatory limit (U1). MWIFA can be considered an eco-friendly and sustainable mineral filler for the dense bituminous pavement layer.

In order to use the natural resources in our country efficiently, effectively and for a longer time, it is becoming more important to research and find alternative materials. As in every field, the use of waste materials in bituminous hot mixes is increasing day by day. In this study, the usability of waste serpentine dust wastes as fillers in HMA was investigated. In the study, the usability of serpentine as filler in asphalt concrete pavements was investigated. For this purpose, Marshall briquettes were prepared with bitumen ratios of 3.5-4.0-4.5-5.0-5.5-6.0% by using limestone aggregate and crushed stone dust filler. By applying Marshall stability and flow test procedure to these prepared samples, stability, flow value, bulk specific gravity (Dp), void volume values (Vh), Void filled with asphalt (Vfa), voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) values were found. Optimum amount of bitumen was determined by drawing related graphs from the limestone sample results. Based on the optimum amount of bitumen determined and using the same gradation, limestone filler and serpentine filler material were replaced at the rate of 0-25-50-75-100%, and serpentine-substituted asphalt concrete samples were produced. The stability, yield, Dp, Vh, Vfa, VMA values of the serpentine filler substituted briquettes were determined and the test results were evaluated. As a result of the study, the highest stability value was obtained from the samples with %50 serpentine content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous asphalt (PA) pavements are widely employed in areas with wet climates. As particle enhancement inclusions in asphalt mastic, mineral fillers play essential roles in improving the performance of PA pavements. This study developed a coupled multiscale finite element (FE) model, involving the mesostructure of PA mixture and PA pavement. Four types of mastic properties were employed with four mineral fillers (Granodiorite, Limestone, Dolomite, and Rhyolite) in the mesoscale portion of the pavement model to analyse the effects of filler types on the performance of pavements. The performances (load-bearing capacity, rutting resistance, and ravelling resistance) of pavements with different fillers were identified and ranked, and their correlations with the chemical components of the four fillers were analysed. The computational results showed that pavements with Rhyolite and Granodiorite fillers have higher load-bearing capacities and rutting resistance, while the Limestone and Dolomite fillers can improve the ravelling resistance of the PA pavements. In the correlation analysis, the chemical components Al2O3 and SiO2 play dominant roles in improving the load-bearing capacities and rutting resistance of the PA pavements, and the fillers with high percentages of CaO can improve the ravelling resistance of the PA pavements. Highlights A coupled multiscale finite element model of porous asphalt pavement is established. The performances of PA pavements with four mineral fillers are simulated and ranked. The correlations between pavement performances and filler types are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spent fluid catalytic cracking (SFCC) is an industrial waste from oil refineries that is increasing nonstop in Vietnam and many places globally, and needs to be recycled. However, SFCC has various compositions depending on the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) types and additives in the petroleum-refining industry. Thus, an experimental optimization procedure is needed to find the optimum addition of SFCC as a filler powder for asphalt–concrete mixtures. For this requirement, the study objective was an optimization procedure based on Taguchi parameter design employing an MMDC parameter. MMDC , developed using a robust multivariate statistical method called principal component analysis (PCA), is a representative parameter of required performance quality proposed by the Marshall mixture design. The Marshall mixture design was used to verify the asphalt–concrete mixture in which SFCC filler partly replaced traditional limestone (LS) filler. The effect of LS filler rate on mixture characteristics was used to determine the required range of values of MMDC. Also, Marshall characteristics based on various SFCC filler rates verified the optimum methodology result. The confirmation experiment results showed that the approach could find an optimum case with advantages in reducing asphalt binder content in the mixture and the number of specimens in the laboratory. Furthermore, the experimental results indicated that SFCC filler could enhance the Marshall characteristics of an asphalt–concrete mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The melt–mixing of polylactide (PLA) with micro- and/or nanofillers is a key method used to obtain specific end-use characteristics and improvements of properties. So-called "insoluble" CaSO4 (CS) β-anhydrite II (AII) is a mineral filler recently considered for the industry of polymer composites. First, the study proves that AII made from natural gypsum by a specifically thermal treatment is highly stable compared to other CS forms. Then, PLAs of different isomer purity and molecular weights (for injection molding (IM) and extrusion), have been used to produce "green" composites filled with 20–40 wt.% AII. The composites show good thermal and mechanical properties, accounting for the excellent filler dispersion and stability. The stiffness of composites increases with the amount of filler, whereas their tensile strength is found to be dependent on PLA molecular weights. Interestingly, the impact resistance is improved by adding 20% AII into all investigated PLAs. Due to advanced kinetics of crystallization ascribed to the effects of AII and use of a PLA grade of high L-lactic acid isomer purity, the composites show after IM an impressive degree of crystallinity (DC), i.e., as high as 50%, while their Vicat softening temperature is remarkably increased to 160 °C, which are thermal properties of great interest for applications requiring elevated rigidity and heat resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The addition of filler to plastic aggregate results in better mechanical characteristics of concrete than concrete with plastic aggregate without filler; this has been proven in various studies that have been conducted. Different types of minerals have been used as fillers; namely, red sand, fly ash, rice husk ash, and cement. The use of plastic aggregate in concrete as a substitute for natural aggregate indicates that the concrete produced is included in the lightweight concrete category. It is interesting to examine the effect of heat on the mechanical characteristics of this concrete. This study will use two types of plastic aggregate which are differentiated based on the filler used. The first aggregate is an artificial aggregate made from PET plastic with rice husk ash filler; the second aggregate uses Portland pozzolana cement. Four proportions of the concrete mixture were made using these two types of plastic aggregate. As a reference, a fifth concrete type Ⅰs created, namely concrete with all-natural aggregate fractions. The test results show that starting at 100 ℃ the concrete with plastic aggregate begins to fine cracks which can only be seen using a digital microscope. While in reference, concrete cracks began to appear at 200 ℃. The presence of cracks causes the mechanical characteristics of the concrete to decrease significantly. On heating of 300 ℃ and 400 ℃, the specimens with plastic aggregate appear charred, and there are holes due to the PET decomposition process, and more cracks with large gaps.

The article concerned on particle morphology of mineral filler and its impact on mastic cracking property at low temperatures. Limestone and granite fillers with four-sized groups were prepared and further investigated using a simplex-centroid experimental design. The particle morphologies of each filler were captured using a digital image processing. By applying bending beam rheometer tests, mastic cracking behavior was investigated at low temperatures. Results show that compared with granite filler, each limestone filler shows less regular contour shape (except l 1), less abundant angularity (except l 1 , l 2 , l 5 and l 17) and surface texture when performed by a simplex-centroid experimental design. The established fractional derivative Burgers model considering creep damage can effectively describe mastic cracking behavior at low temperatures. Composite fractal dimension is the decisively relevant factor with mastic relaxation behavior. Moreover, mastic creep damage is obviously affected by composite morphology characteristics and filler lithology with increasing loading time. All the results are instructive to inform researches of the selection of mineral filler with appropriate particle morphology that will produce asphalt materials with desired performance. [Display omitted] • Simplex-centroid experimental design was used for filler size fraction composition. • Cracking behavior of mastics with various particle morphologies was elaborated. • Fractional derivative Burgers model considering creep damage was created. • Effects of particle morphology on damage factor were investigated. • Effects of particle morphology on relaxation time were studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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