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Abstract Swimming goggles (SG) are widely used in water sports, and this study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of wearing SG on intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber biometrics, axial length (AL), and optic nerve head (ONH) morphology. Twenty-eight healthy young adults participated in this cross-sectional study, with assessed parameters including IOP, central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), AL, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the ONH, specifically Bruch membrane opening (BMO), Bruch membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), lamina cribrosa depth (LCD), and prelaminar tissue (PLT). Measurements were taken at four time points: before wearing SG, at the 1st and 10th minutes of wearing, and immediately after removal. The results showed a significant increase in IOP at the 1st and 10th minutes of SG wear compared to pre-wear and post-removal values. Additionally, decreases in CCT, ACD, and ACA, along with an increase in AL, were observed while wearing SG. However, these changes reverted to baseline after the goggles were removed. No significant alterations were detected in ONH parameters during the study. The findings suggest that wearing SG induces an acute rise in IOP and changes in anterior segment parameters, likely due to oculopression, but does not appear to affect ONH morphology in the short term. Further studies are needed to investigate any potential long-term effects.

Abstract Background An ideal aesthetic restorative material should be attached to the tooth tissues by adhesion, have a smooth surface as possible, should not cause toxic reactions in the pulp and discoloration and microleakage. This study aims at comparatively assess the cytotoxicity of current adhesive systems on human dental pulp cells. Materials and methods The adequate density of human pulp cells was observed from the ready cell line. The passaging was performed and the 3rd passage cells were selected. Adhesive systems and MTA were used on the cultures. Trypan blue staining was conducted on the cells at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd days and a count of live and dead cells using a light microscope. The dead cells whose membrane integrity was impaired by staining with trypan blue and the viability rate was determined using live and dead cell numbers. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Results A significant difference in vialibity rates between adhesive systems was observed on the first day. No significant statistical differences were observed on the 2nd and 3rd days (p

Objective: Central sleep apnea (CSA) is a rare condition in children; however, it can cause significant morbidity if not diagnosed early. We aimed to increase the knowledge about CSA in children by describing the clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with CSA at our sleep center. Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1263 polysomnographies (PSG) performed between 2012 and 2023 at our tertiary sleep center and evaluated the clinical characteristics of the patients with CSA. Underlying diseases, clinical symptoms, sleep parameters, and short-term management of the patients were recorded. Results: Of the 1263 patients aged between 1 month and 18 years, 122 (9.65%) had CSA, with 54.9 % (n = 67) of them being female. Only 56.6% (n = 69) of the patients’ parents had reported a symptom indicating sleep-disordered breathing. The most common underlying disease was genetic, including Down and Prader-Willi syndromes, followed by neurological diseases . Obstructive sleep apnea was detected in addition to CSA in 103 of the patients (84.4%). Bi-level positive airway pressure with a backup rate was the most common treatment modality. Conclusion: While CSA is a rare clinical condition in children, it occurs more commonly in those with an underlying disease. Awareness of the disease and timely referral of the patients for sleep studies are critical to prevent long-term sequelae.

Abstract Background Origanum species have been used in various commercial constructions as a remedy against burns and wounds, agriculture, alcoholic drinks, fragrance, and flavoring substances of food products. The essential oil of Origanum onites L. (EOOO) and its component carvacrol (CV) possesses a wide range of biological activities including anti-cancer activity. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth inhibitory activity of the essential oil and its major component CV and then hepatotoxicity pathway-related genes in HepG2 cells. Methods The effects of the EOOO and CV on cell growth and mRNA expressions of 84 hepatotoxicity pathway-related genes were investigated in HepG2, using trypan blue exclusion/ bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation tests and real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) array, respectively. Results The EOOO and CV inhibited cell growth with IC50 values of 0.08 µg/mL and 45 µg/mL, respectively, after 24 h. Real-time, reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT2-PCR) array analysis revealed that expressions of 32 genes out of 84 were changed at least 2-fold or more in the EOOO-treated cells. Among them, expression levels of 17 genes were elevated, while expression levels of 15 genes were diminished. Furthermore, after exposure of cells to 45 µg/mL of CV, the expression of 8 genes was increased while the other 8 genes were decreased. Both the EOOO and carvacrol affected the expression of 48 genes of HepG2 cells which are involved in the hepatotoxicity pathway, indicating their hepatoprotective and possible anti-hepatocarcinogenic effects. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that the essential oil of Origanum onites and carvacrol can be used in various applications such as anticancer or herbal drugs, since its non-hepatotoxicity.

Abstract Background The black staining effect of silver-containing solutions for use to arrest caries can have a negative aesthetic impact on children and parents. This study aims to assess the staining effects of Silver Diamine Fluoride/Potassium Iodide (SDF/KI), SDF and Nanosilver Fluoride (NSF). Materials and methods Forty-four extracted carious primary molars were collected and randomly divided into four groups (n = 11). The carious tissue in all teeth was removed using a chemo-mechanical caries removal agent with an excavator. After caries removal in all groups, SDF, SDF/KI, and NSF were applied to the different groups, while no solution was applied to the control group. Subsequently, the teeth in all groups were restored with compomer. Color values L*, a* and b* were measured using a spectrophotometer at three time points: immediately after compomer restoration (T0), one week later (T1), and four week later (T2). Changes in brightness (ΔL) and color (ΔE) over time were calculated and comparisons among groups were made. Results The SDF solution induced statistically significant black staining (p = 0.013) and a decrease in L* value (p

Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in the diet is a causal factor in the development of abdominal obesity; however, the molecular mechanism behind this association is still up for debate. This study evaluated the metabolic disturbances that are caused by HFCS on adipose tissue as well as the possibility of kefir as a therapy to prevent these metabolic disturbances. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, kefir, HFCS, and HFCS+kefir. HFCS (20%, w/v) was given in drinking water and kefir (1 mL/100 g body weight) by gastric gavage daily for 8 weeks. Levels of insulin signaling, inflammation, and apoptosis-associated proteins of adipose tissues were determined with Western blot and immunohistochemical techniques. Gene expressions were evaluated with semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The indirect terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to assess changes in apoptotic cells, and hematoxylin/eosin staining to determine adipocyte number and diameter. Accordingly, HFCS boosted protein kinase B (Akt) and p-Akt while reducing nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) levels and kefir treatment restored Akt induction in HFCS-treated rats despite raising NF-κB, and TNFa. Increased expression of Akt and B-cell lymphoma-2 gene (Bcl2) was contrasted with decreased expression of Nfkb, Tnfa, tumor protein 53 gene (p53), and caspase-8 gene (Casp8). Furthermore, while there was a marked reduction in TUNEL-positive cells in the HFCS group, the number of such cells was greater in the HFCS+kefir group. These results show that HFCS intake suppresses apoptosis in adipose tissues, which may be responsible for tissue development and abdominal obesity and may be reversed with kefir administration due to the activation of apoptosis-associated genes and proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of geopolymer in place of ordinary Portland cement for concrete design and constructure is gaining attraction due to environmental and health considerations. Geopolymers must have high gamma radiation shielding competence in order for them to be useful for radiation shielding concrete. In an attempt to improve the gamma absorption capacity of a metakaolin-based geopolymer matrix, 10 % (GEO-10Y), and 20 % (G-20Y) yttria (Y2O3) was mixed with GEO through a solid-state reaction process. In this study, the influence of adding yttria on the physical and gamma shielding parameters of GEO was investigated. The densities of GEO, GEO-10Y and GEO-20Y were obtained as 2.28, 2.52 and 2.37 g/cm3, respectively. Through simulation using FLUKA code, the mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) and other relevant shielding quantities were estimated. The MACs of GEO, GEO-10Y, and GEO-20Y were within the range of 0.0213–6.6429 cm2/g, 0.0282–13.3923 cm2/g, and 0.0291–14.5136 cm2/g, respectively. The addition of yttria improved the gamma photon shielding competence of the metakaolin-based geopolymer by increasing the MAC and reducing photon buildup factors within 15 keV–15 MeV photon energy range. The shielding effectiveness of the yttria-doped GEO compares well with conventional shielding materials. Yttria-doped geopolymer can be used to produce effective and environmentally-friendly gamma shielding concrete.

Abstract Circulating proteins can reveal key pathways to cancer and identify therapeutic targets for cancer prevention. We investigate 2,074 circulating proteins and risk of nine common cancers (bladder, breast, endometrium, head and neck, lung, ovary, pancreas, kidney, and malignant non-melanoma) using cis protein Mendelian randomisation and colocalization. We conduct additional analyses to identify adverse side-effects of altering risk proteins and map cancer risk proteins to drug targets. Here we find 40 proteins associated with common cancers, such as PLAUR and risk of breast cancer [odds ratio per standard deviation increment: 2.27, 1.88-2.74], and with high-mortality cancers, such as CTRB1 and pancreatic cancer [0.79, 0.73-0.85]. We also identify potential adverse effects of protein-altering interventions to reduce cancer risk, such as hypertension. Additionally, we report 18 proteins associated with cancer risk that map to existing drugs and 15 that are not currently under clinical investigation. In sum, we identify protein-cancer links that improve our understanding of cancer aetiology. We also demonstrate that the wider consequence of any protein-altering intervention on well-being and morbidity is required to interpret any utility of proteins as potential future targets for therapeutic prevention.

Abstract In recent years, the presence and migration of PAEs in packaging materials and consumer products has become a serious concern. Based on this concern, the aim of our study is to determine the possible migration potential and speed of PAEs in benthic fish stored in vacuum packaging, as well as to monitor the storage time and type as well as polyethylene (PE) polymer detection.As a result of the analysis performed by µ-Raman spectroscopy, 1 microplastic (MP) of 6 µm in size was determined on the 30th day of storage in whiting fish muscle and the polymer type was found to be Polyethylene (PE) (low density polyethylene: LDPE). Depending on the storage time of the packaging used in the vacuum packaging process, it has been determined that its chemical composition is affected by temperature and different types of polymers are formed. 10 types of PAEs were identified in the packaging material and stored flesh fish: DIBP, DBP, DPENP, DHEXP, BBP, DEHP, DCHP, DNOP, DINP and DDP. While the most dominant PAEs in the packaging material were determined as DEHP, the most dominant PAEs in fish meat were recorded as BBP and the lowest as DMP. The findings provide a motivating model for monitoring the presence and migration of PAEs in foods, while filling an important gap in maintaining a safe food chain.

Araştırmada sığır et yağı yerine farklı oranlarda pirina yağı oleojeli (%100 et yağı; %75 et yağı + %25 oleojel; %50 et yağı + %50 oleojel; %25 et yağı + %75 oleojel ve %100 oleojel) kullanılarak üretilen piliç salamların fizikokimyasal, tekstürel ve duyusal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Piliç salam üretiminde sığır et yağı yerine %75’e kadar pirina yağı oleojeli kullanımının pH değerini düşürdüğü görülmüştür. Ayrıca salam üretiminde %50’ye kadar oleojel kullanılmasının L* değerini arttırdığı, bununla birlikte oleojel oranı arttıkça a* değerinin azalıp, b* değerinin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Diğer yandan oleojel kullanımı salamların su aktivitesi ile TBARS değerleri üzerinde önemli seviyede bir etki göstermemiştir (p>0,05). Pirina yağı oleojeli kullanımının salamlarda sertlik, esneklik, kohesivlik, elastikiyet ve çiğnenebilirlik üzerine çok önemli seviyede (p0,05) görülmüştür. Oleojel oranının artmasıyla sertlik ve çiğnenebilirliğin yükseldiği, esneklik ve kohesivliğin ise %50 oleojel içeren grupta arttığı ve daha sonra değişmediği belirlenmiştir. Piliç salam üretimde pirina yağı oleojeli oranı arttıkça doymuş yağ içeriği azalmış, tekli ve çoklu doymamış yağ içerikleri ise artmıştır. Duyusal açıdan tat, koku, tekstür ve genel kabul edilebilirlikte önemli değişimler olduğu görülmüştür.

With its strong commitment to Primary Care, Portugal’s healthcare landscape has witnessed significant strides in recent years. The 98th EGPRN meeting in Porto was a testament to the dedication and progress of primary care research and education in the country.The theme of the 98th EGPRN meeting, ‘Evidence-Based General Practice’, aligned seamlessly with the evolving healthcare landscape in Portugal. This paradigm shift aims to foster better interdisciplinary collaboration and establish a framework for connecting welfare and healthcare on a local community level. Over the past few decades, primary health care and general practitioners in Portugal have gained prominence, following the guidelines set forth by the World Health Organisation (WHO). With a focus on prevention and wellbeing, practices have transitioned into multidisciplinary health centres. Considering this evolving healthcare context, the need for innovative and multidisciplinary research designs becomes imperative for translating evidence into practice. Moreover, this gathering provided an opportunity to discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with population-based studies. Understanding the collective health needs of communities and implementing data-driven strategies will shape the future of evidence-based general practice in Europe.In conclusion, the 98th EGPRN meeting in Porto, Portugal, was a dynamic platform for exchange, learning, and innovation, as we collectively strive to enhance evidence-based general practice. As an academic community, we aim to chart a course towards a healthier and more interconnected future for primary care, leaving a positive impact on the wellbeing of communities and patients alike.

Summary: Background: Understanding the role of circulating proteins in prostate cancer risk can reveal key biological pathways and identify novel targets for cancer prevention. Methods: We investigated the association of 2002 genetically predicted circulating protein levels with risk of prostate cancer overall, and of aggressive and early onset disease, using cis-pQTL Mendelian randomisation (MR) and colocalisation. Findings for proteins with support from both MR, after correction for multiple-testing, and colocalisation were replicated using two independent cancer GWAS, one of European and one of African ancestry. Proteins with evidence of prostate-specific tissue expression were additionally investigated using spatial transcriptomic data in prostate tumour tissue to assess their role in tumour aggressiveness. Finally, we mapped risk proteins to drug and ongoing clinical trials targets. Findings: We identified 20 proteins genetically linked to prostate cancer risk (14 for overall [8 specific], 7 for aggressive [3 specific], and 8 for early onset disease [2 specific]), of which the majority replicated where data were available. Among these were proteins associated with aggressive disease, such as PPA2 [Odds Ratio (OR) per 1 SD increment = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.54–2.93], PYY [OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.43–2.44] and PRSS3 [OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.73–0.89], and those associated with early onset disease, including EHPB1 [OR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.99–4.21], POGLUT3 [OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67–0.86] and TPM3 [OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.34–0.64]. We confirmed an inverse association of MSMB with prostate cancer overall [OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.80–0.82], and also found an inverse association with both aggressive [OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.82–0.86] and early onset disease [OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.68–0.74]. Using spatial transcriptomics data, we identified MSMB as the genome-wide top-most predictive gene to distinguish benign regions from high grade cancer regions that comparatively had five-fold lower MSMB expression. Additionally, ten proteins that were associated with prostate cancer risk also mapped to existing therapeutic interventions. Interpretation: Our findings emphasise the importance of proteomics for improving our understanding of prostate cancer aetiology and of opportunities for novel therapeutic interventions. Additionally, we demonstrate the added benefit of in-depth functional analyses to triangulate the role of risk proteins in the clinical aggressiveness of prostate tumours. Using these integrated methods, we identify a subset of risk proteins associated with aggressive and early onset disease as priorities for investigation for the future prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. Funding: This work was supported by Cancer Research UK (grant no. C8221/A29017).

BACKGROUND: Adolescent pregnancies are more likely to be complicated with adverse perinatal outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Assess the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adolescents who have delivered singleton newborns. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort SETTINGS: A tertiary training and research hospital in Turkey. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a review of adolescents and adults who delivered singleton newborns at a tertiary health center between January 2018 and June 2022. Pregnant adolescents were aged

Pesticide exposure is an essential public health problem and endocrine-disrupting factor. Encounters during pregnancy may cause spontaneous abortions or congenital anomalies with embryotoxic or fetotoxic effects. DNA double-strand breaks occur upon exposure of DNA to radiation and chemicals or are caused by faulty DNA metabolic processes. This research examines the relationship of DNA single-strand amount with pesticides and their types. Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) density was quantitatively determined by fluorometric method in the blood of Spontaneous Abortion with organochlorine and or organophosphate pesticide exposure and in the blood of two patient groups who had normal delivery without pesticide contact. The mutation was screened by next-generation sequencing in 4 women who experienced spontaneous abortion with a high pesticide amount and variety. 91 female patients aged 18-35 years were included in the study. The spontaneous abortion group was 56 (61.5%), and the normal delivery group was 35 (38%) women. The mean age was 28.18(±4.5). There was a significant correlation between Pentachlorophenol -52 (PCB52) and ssDNA level (p0.05). It was determined that ssDNA levels were higher among those with multiple abortions. The ssDNA level was higher in those who had an abortion before (pA (p.Trp2502Ter) variation and the DYNC2H1 gene NM_001377.3 c.8458C>A (p.Pro2820Thr) variation associated with recurrent miscarriages were found to be heterozygous. Studies in this area need to be increased to determine the relationship of ssDNA elevation with pesticide exposure, its predictive value in abortion, and the value of environmental factors in repeated abortions whose etiology has not been clarified. [Med-Science 2023; 12(4.000): 1250-6]

There is a link between actual gross domestic product decreases and oil price increases.

Abstract Background/purpose: Twin studies are crucial to assess the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors. This study was conducted to evaluate association between deleterious oral habits and dental caries–periodontal parameters among Turkish twins. Materials and methods: The study comprised 143 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins and 59 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) twins aged 3–15 years. Twins were examined for dental caries, plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing and deleterious oral habits. Mann Whitney U test was used to examine the data. Results: The MZ twin pairs consisted of 60 male and 58 female twin pairs, whereas the DZ twin pairs consisted of 144 male and 142 female. The mean age of the twins was 9.63 ± 3.0 in MZ twins and 9.47 ± 3.2 in DZ twins. The mean DMFS value of MZ twins with bruxism is higher than those of MZ twins without bruxism (P = 0.001). The mean DMFS value of DZ twins with pacifier sucking is lower than those without (P = 0.007). A statistically significant difference was found between MZ twins with and without nail biting in terms of bleeding on probing and dmfs values (P = 0.035; P = 0.012). The mean values of the plaque index increased due to the mouth breathing in DZ twins (P = 0.024). Regarding the bleeding on probing, there was a statistically significant difference between MZ twins with and without atypical swallowing (P = 0.016). Conclusion: These findings suggest that dental caries–periodontal parameters are similarly affected by deleterious oral habits in MZ and DZ twins.

AMELX mutations cause X-linked amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), known as AI types IE, IIB, and IIC in Witkop’s classification, characterized by hypoplastic (reduced thickness) and/or hypomaturation (reduced hardness) enamel defects. In this study, we conducted whole exome analyses to unravel the disease-causing mutations for six AI families. Splicing assays, immunoblotting, and quantitative RT-PCR were conducted to investigate the molecular and cellular effects of the mutations. Four AMELX pathogenic variants (NM_182680.1:c.2T>C; c.29T>C; c.77del; c.145-1G>A) and a whole gene deletion (NG_012494.2:g.307534_403773del) were identified. The affected individuals exhibited enamel malformations, ranging from thin, poorly mineralized enamel with a “snow-capped” appearance to severe hypoplastic defects with minimal enamel. The c.145-1G>A mutation caused a -1 frameshift (NP_001133.1:p.Val35Cysfs*5). Overexpression of c.2T>C and c.29T>C AMELX demonstrated that mutant amelogenin proteins failed to be secreted, causing elevated endoplasmic reticulum stress and potential cell apoptosis. This study reveals a genotype–phenotype relationship for AMELX-associated AI: While amorphic mutations, including large deletions and 5′ truncations, of AMELX cause hypoplastic-hypomaturation enamel with snow-capped teeth (AI types IIB and IIC) due to a complete loss of gene function, neomorphic variants, including signal peptide defects and 3′ truncations, lead to severe hypoplastic/aplastic enamel (AI type IE) probably caused by “toxic” cellular effects of the mutant proteins.

US policy aiming to reduce oil imports can take the form of either per unit oil tariffs, ad valorem oil tariffs or gasoline taxes. Of these three alternative measures, the first mentioned has been found to be most effective in decreasing importation over a 30-year period. If the goal is reduced consumption, the use of either the per unit or gasoline tax is recommendable. The ideal policy reduces both import and consumption without negative effects on welfare. The tool to use in this case is the ad valorem tariff.

I. Introduction The 1990 crisis in the Middle East has raised concern about the United States's vulnerability to oil supply disruptions. In addition, a number of trends point to increased [...]

Creating a successful energy tax policy requires understanding the markets that the energy policy targets. This paper analyzes coal, natural gas, and oil markets to determine the extent to which these fuel prices move together. Results indicate that a stable long-run relationship between coal and oil prices existed until 1974 and that this relationship changed after 1974. The long-run relationship between coal, natural gas, and oil prices implies that a single-fuel tax in these markets would not be effective as a single tax policy. Similarly, an equal percentage tax on these energy sources, which does not change relative prices initially, would not keep relative prices unchanged in the long run. Energy policy must take account of the long-run relationship between different energy prices. Otherwise, the long-run results of energy policy could be quite different than intended., I. INTRODUCTION Government energy policies generally have multiple objectives that are not necessarily compatible and are not always fulfilled. Creating a successful energy policy requires understanding the markets that the [...]

Biyolojik sentez yöntemi, kimyasal ve fiziksel yöntemlerin aksine toksik kimyasallar ve yüksek enerji gerektirmediği için zararsız, düşük maliyetli ve kolay uygulanabilir bir yöntemdir. Biyolojik sentez yöntemiyle nano boyutlu metaloksitler ve metaloksit olmayan tozlar üretilebilmektedir. Metaloksitler içerisinde yer alan çinkooksit (ZnO) elektriksel ve kimyasal özellikleri nedeniyle sağlık, elektronik ve yarıiletken cihazlar gibi geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. ZnO birçok yöntemle üretilebileceği gibi biyolojik yöntemle de üretilebilmektedir. ZnO geniş bant aralığı, yüksek bağlanma enerjisi ve UV ışığa duyarlılığı nedeniyle elektronik ve optik sektörü için araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmektedir. ZnO film kaplamalarda hızlı elektron-deşik rekombinasyonu nedeniyle yapıya farklı malzemelerin dop edilmesi ile yük taşıyıcı konsantrasyonu arttırılarak elektriksel özellikler geliştirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada biyolojik sentez yöntemi ile ZnO tozu ve Hummer metodu ile grafenoksit (GO) sentezlenmiştir. Elde edilen nihai tozlar sol jel yöntemiyle solüsyon haline getirilmiş ve silisyum altlıkların yüzeyine döndürme kaplama yöntemi ile kaplanmıştır. Kaplama işlemi 3000 dv/dk 30 saniyede gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hazırlanan ince film kaplamalar için alüminyum (Al) ohmik ve doğrultucu kontaklar fiziksel buhar biriktirme (PVD) yöntemiyle kaplanmıştır. Kaplamalar morfolojik ve kimyasal olarak taramalı elektron mikroskobu (FESEM) ve X-ışını kırınım (XRD) ile karakterize edilmiştir. Kesitten alınan FESEM görüntüleri, kaplama kalınlığının ortalama 200 nm olarak elde edildiğini ve yüzey görüntüsü, homojen kaplama yapıldığını göstermektedir. EDS analizi ile yüzeyde GO’dan kaynaklanan C, O atomları ve ZnO’dan kaynaklanan Zn, O atomları tespit edilmiştir. Elektriksel karakterizasyon için karanlık ortamda Keıthley 2400 cihazında ±4 V aralığında akım-voltaj (I-V) analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerden ideal parametrelere sahip Shottky diyotun GO katkılı biyolojik sentezle üretilmiş ZnO kullanılan (Al/(Biyo-ZnO:GO)/pSi) diyot olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Abstract Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common, multi-causal disease with potentially serious short- and long-term complications. In clinical practice, there is a need for improved plasma biomarker-based tools for VTE diagnosis and risk prediction. Here we show, using proteomics profiling to screen plasma from patients with suspected acute VTE, and several case-control studies for VTE, how Complement Factor H Related 5 protein (CFHR5), a regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation, is a VTE-associated plasma biomarker. In plasma, higher CFHR5 levels are associated with increased thrombin generation potential and recombinant CFHR5 enhanced platelet activation in vitro. GWAS analysis of ~52,000 participants identifies six loci associated with CFHR5 plasma levels, but Mendelian randomization do not demonstrate causality between CFHR5 and VTE. Our results indicate an important role for the regulation of the alternative pathway of complement activation in VTE and that CFHR5 represents a potential diagnostic and/or risk predictive plasma biomarker.

Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in the diet is a causal factor in the development of abdominal obesity; however, the molecular mechanism behind this association is still up for debate. This study evaluated the metabolic disturbances that are caused by HFCS on adipose tissue as well as the possibility of kefir as a therapy to prevent these metabolic disturbances. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, kefir, HFCS, and HFCS+kefir. HFCS (20%, w/v ) was given in drinking water and kefir (1 mL/100 g body weight) by gastric gavage daily for 8 weeks. Levels of insulin signaling, inflammation, and apoptosis-associated proteins of adipose tissues were determined with Western blot and immunohistochemical techniques. Gene expressions were evaluated with semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The indirect terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to assess changes in apoptotic cells, and hematoxylin/eosin staining to determine adipocyte number and diameter. Accordingly, HFCS boosted protein kinase B (Akt) and p-Akt while reducing nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) levels and kefir treatment restored Akt induction in HFCS-treated rats despite raising NF-κB, and TNFα. Increased expression of Akt and B-cell lymphoma-2 gene ( Bcl2 ) was contrasted with decreased expression of Nfkb, Tnfa , tumor protein 53 gene ( p53 ), and caspase-8 gene ( Casp8 ). Furthermore, while there was a marked reduction in TUNEL-positive cells in the HFCS group, the number of such cells was greater in the HFCS+kefir group. These results show that HFCS intake suppresses apoptosis in adipose tissues, which may be responsible for tissue development and abdominal obesity and may be reversed with kefir administration due to the activation of apoptosis-associated genes and proteins.