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We introduce a new arthroscopic partial meniscectomy technique using a three portals and a small skin hook retractor to remove unstable inferior leaf in horizontal meniscal tear that involved the anterior portion of the lateral meniscus. The patient is positioned for a standard knee arthroscopy. After careful estimation of the depth and extent of the cleft and stability of the superior and inferior leaves is done through the standard anteromedial portal, a small skin hook retractor is inserted through the standard anterolateral portal to raise the dominant superior leaf of anterior horn, then the unstable inferior leaf is excised with a 90° rotary punch and a motorized shaver through the extreme far anteromedial portal. This technique is useful method to remove unstable inferior leaf of anterior horn of lateral meniscus which is difficult to remove with a standard technique.

This study evaluated the result of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for avascular necrosis of the femur head (AVNFH) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Nineteen THAs were performed on 13 patients with SLE. The results of these patients were compared with the results of the control group (19 patients) who had THR due to AVNFH with none-SLE conditions. The Harris hip score increased from a preoperative average of 65.3 points to 94.9 at the most recent follow-up. In the control group, the mean HHS was 67.2 preoperatively and 96.1 postoperatively at the last follow-up. No significant difference was found between SLE patients and non-SLE patients who underwent hip arthroplasty. In conclusion, THA is an acceptable treatment for achieving functional improvement in patients who had SLE and AVNFH.

Femoral neuropathy may be associated with various etiologies and can cause severe walking disability. We present the case of a 25-year-old woman who underwent surgical repair for a patella fracture and complained of lower extremity pain, paresthesia, and weakness postoperatively. Electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed partial peripheral neuropathy of the left femoral nerve associated with the patella fracture. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of femoral neuropathy associated with a patella fracture.

To observe the natural history of asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and to analyse the associations between the subsequent development of symptoms, epidemiological risk factors and the character of the lesions.Sixty-eight patients were diagnosed with asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The patients were classified based on the development of symptoms. Relations were sought between symptom development and epidemiological risk factors, and the size and location of the necrotic lesions.Thirty-eight patients developed symptoms (55.9%) at a mean 2.27 years after diagnosis. Symptoms developed in 18 of 28 patients with alcohol-related necrosis (64.3%), in eight of 14 patients with steroid-related necrosis (57.1%), and in 12 of 26 patients with idiopathic necrosis (46.2%). None of the following: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, or cholesterol level, was found to be significantly associated with the development of symtoms in asymptomatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH). Duration and amount of exposure to steroid were not significantly associated with symptom development. In the groups of heavy alcohol drinkers, large necrotic lesions and laterally located lesions showed a higher prevalence of symptom development.Symptoms developed in 55.9% of asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Prevalence of symptom development was significantly higher in heavy alcohol drinkers and large-sized lateral lesions.

In WAVE applications, the safety information of neighboring vehicles must be collected as quickly and efficiently as possible. Safety applications broadcast their safety information periodically, but the delivery of the broadcast messages in IEEE 802.11p is unreliable. As the control channel has to share the Sync Interval (SI) with the service channels, access to the control channel by the safety messages is delayed during the Service CHannel Interval(SCHI). All safety messages generated during SCHI are rush to access as soon as the Control CHannel Interval (CCHI) starts. It causes the flash crowd problem for the safety applications. Safety messages, which are generated periodically and their periods overlap with SCHI, always face the latter problem; it causes unfairness among the safety messages. In this paper, a Distributed Periodic Access Scheme (DPAS) is proposed to solve the problem. DPAS uses a hashing function to distribute the access time of the safety messages into CCHI instead of SI. The simulation results show that DPAS drastically reduces the collision of the safety messages in a crowded environment and that choosing a hashing function is very important to reduce the collision in a crowded environment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of coracoclavicular screw fixation with tension band wiring in the treatment of displaced distal clavicle fractures. Materials and Methods: From October 2006 to December 2010, 18 patients with Neer type 2 displaced distal clavicle fracture were surgically treated. Fixation was performed, using coracoclavicular screw with tension band wiring. Radiographic and clinical evaluation was performed and the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder rating scale was employed for the assessment of shoulder joint function. Results: Osseous union was achieved approximately 9.5 weeks (8-11 weeks) in all patients. After the union, the screw and wire were removed under local anesthesia. All patients returned to the normal shoulder range of motion. Loosening of the screw was seen in two patients and breakage was seen in one patient. However, we could not observe the delayed union and complications, such as infection and refracture. All but one patient showed excellent results according to the UCLA shoulder score at one year after the operation. Conclusion: Coracoclavicular screw fixation with tension band wiring in the treatment of displaced distal clavicle fractures is a clinically useful technique with good result and less complication.