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The interactions between corn amylose (CA) and Moringa oleifera seed salt-soluble protein (MOSP) were explored to improve the gel properties of MOSP. With increasing CA content, the MOSP-CA gel network structure was improved but the size of the gel porosity decreased firstly and then increased; the water holding retention (WHR) of MOSP-CA was decreased from approximately 94 % to 85.43 ± 2.54 %. The MOSP-CA-2.5 gel exhibited the best water holding stability (WHS), with a value of 37.1 ± 0.33 %. The MOSP-CA gel hardness increased with CA concentration, and MOSP-CA-2.5 showed relatively optimal cohesiveness, elasticity, adhesiveness, and chewiness. Meanwhile, MOSP-CA-2.5 exhibited gel strength. Incorporation of CA significantly increased the exposure of hydrophobic residues and the concentration-dependent increase in disulfide bonds in MOSP-CA gel. Thus, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and disulfide bonds collectively stabilized the structure of MOSP-CA gel. The findings would broaden the application of MOSP and improve the utilization value of MOSP in various industries.

Impact of high-speed jet (HSJ) treatment on morphology, crystalline structure, retrogradation, thermal and rheological properties of Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr starch (APS) was investigated. Decreasing with the number of HSJ treatment passes were the turbidity values of pastes (long-term retrogradation), the gelatinization enthalpy, and the crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy showed APS granule structure was degraded into tiny round particle and thin sheet structures. X-ray diffraction illustrated that the C-type X-ray pattern was changed toward a weak A-type X-ray pattern. With further increases in the number of passes, the weak A-type pattern was changed to amorphous pattern. Dynamic oscillation analysis revealed that HSJ treatment significantly altered the viscoelasticity of APS. During a dynamic frequency sweep, G′ values and G″ at 10 Hz decreased from 589.9 Pa (HSJ0) to 194.9 Pa (HSJ8) and from 101.6 Pa (HSJ0) to 24.5 Pa (HSJ8), respectively, implying that HSJ treatment had a great influence on the elasticity of the APS gel. The results indicated that degradation of APS granular and crystalline structure was mainly involved and HSJ treatment was a potential physical modification technique.