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Jin Kyeong Choi1 *, Jun-Young Park2 *, Soyoung Lee,3 Young-Ae Choi,4 Song Kwon,2 Min Jun Shin,2,5 Hui-Suk Yun,6 Yong Hyun Jang,7 Jinjoo Kang,4 Namkyung Kim,4 Dongwoo Khang,2,5,8 Sang-Hyun Kim4 1Department of Immunology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea1; 2Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea; 3Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea; 4CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea; 6Powder & Ceramics Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea; 7Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea; 8Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dongwoo Khang, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea, Tel +82 32 899 6515, Email dkhang@gachon.ac.kr Sang-Hyun Kim, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea, Tel +82 53 420 4838, Email shkim72@knu.ac.krPurpose: The protein corona surrounding nanoparticles has attracted considerable attention as it induces subsequent inflammatory responses. Although mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are commonly used in medicines, cosmetics, and packaging, the inflammatory effects of the MSN protein corona on the cutaneous system have not been investigated till date.Methods: We examined the greater plasma protein adsorption on MSN leads to serious inflammatory reactions in Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE)-induced mouse atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin inflammation because of increased uptake by keratinocytes.Results: We compare the AD lesions induced by MSN and colloidal (non-porous) silica nanoparticles (CSN), which exhibit different pore architectures but similar dimensions and surface chemistry. MSN-corona treatment of severe skin inflammation in a DFE-induced in vivo AD model greatly increases mouse ear epidermal thickness and infiltration of immune cells compared with the CSN-corona treatment. Moreover, MSN-corona significantly increase AD-specific immunoglobulins, serum histamine, and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in the ear and lymph nodes. MSN-corona induce more severe cutaneous inflammation than CSN by significantly decreasing claudin-1 expression.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the novel impact of the MSN protein corona in inducing inflammatory responses through claudin-1 downregulation and suggests useful clinical guidelines for MSN application in cosmetics and drug delivery systems.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: protein Corona, atopic dermatitis, mesoporous silica, colloidal silica, claudin-1, immunotoxicity

Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is a rapidly growing benign vascular neoplasm of unknown etiology. LCH usually occurs on the cutaneous and mucosal surfaces, such as gingiva, lips, fingers, and face. LCH was previously called ‘pyogenic granuloma (PG),’ because it was thought to be granulation of tissue occurring in reaction to an infectious etiology despite the fact that it demonstrates no infectious signs in histology or microbiology. Instead, its features seem more like angiomatous lesions rather than granulomatous lesions, so the term ‘LCH’ has been used thereafter. Reports of LCH of hypopharynx have been rare. Here we report a 63-yearold male patient with LCH of hypopharynx with a review of related literature.

Cervical osteophytes are bone spurs that grow on any part of the cervical spine. Osteophytes in the spine are a normal sign of aging and can be associated with conditions such as degenerative disc diseases, osteoarthritis, spinal stenosis, and others. When cervical osteophytes become large enough, main symptoms can include neck pain, radicular pain, neurological problems, and sometimes dysphagia, as well as hoarseness in rare cases. The authors report a case of left vocal cord palsy in a 75-year-old male patient with a large cervical osteophyte with a left anterior protrusion in the C5/C6 level.

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) has been a notorious pathogen in freshwater and marine fish. Due to the lack of effective treatment measures against VHSV disease, the development of prophylactic vaccines has been required, and methods that can produce high-titered viruses would be advantageous in producing cost-effective vaccines. Type I interferon (IFN) responses are the key elements of vertebrates' antiviral activities, and IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) complex formed through type I IFNs up-regulates the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). IFN regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) is a key component of ISGF3, so the inhibition of IRF9 would compromise host's type I IFN responses, which would weaken host antiviral activity. In this study, to increase the replication of VHSV, we generated IRF9 knockout Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells using a CRISPR/Cas9 vector that contains an EPC cell's U6 promoter-driven guide RNA cassette (targeting IRF9 gene) and a Cas9 expressing cassette. In the clones of IRF9 knockout EPC cells, there were no increase in ISG15 gene by poly I:C, and in Mx1 gene by both poly I:C and VHSV. Interestingly, although the increased folds were conspicuously lower than control EPC cells, the expression of ISG 15 gene in all the IRF9 knockout clones was significantly increased by VHSV infection. Control EPC cells pre-treated with poly I:C did not show any CPE when infected with VHSV, however, IRF9 knockout EPC cells showed CPE by VHSV infection in spite of being pretreated with poly I:C. The replication of VHSV in IRF9 knockout EPC cells was significantly faster and higher than that in control EPC cells indicating that the IRF9 knockout-mediated decrease of type I IFN responses allowed VHSV to replicate efficiently. Considering an economical aspect for the production of fish vaccines, the present IRF9 knockout EPC cells can be used to get higher-titered VHSV.

의료기기 및 진단 기술의 발달로 신체 장기의 이식에 대한 성공률이 향상되었으며 특히 간 기능 장애에 의한 간 이식이 늘어나는 추세이다. 영상처리 및 분석의 발달로 간 이식을 위한 간의 체적을 구하는 방법들이 정확성과 효율성이 높아졌다. 본 논문은 각 알고리즘들의 신속한 비교 및 분석, 빠른 프로토타입 개발에 효과적인 MeVisLab을 사용하여 간 영역을 분할하고 재구성하였다. 원본 영상에 문턱치 값 적용과 영역 확장법을 적용하여 간 영역을 분할하고 Morphology와 구멍 채우기, 관심영역 설정으로 노이즈 및 불필요한 객체를 제거하여 간을 분할하였다. MeVisLab의 사용으로 높은 시간적 효율과 다양한 비교 및 분석 모듈 사용 방법을 제시하여 의료영상처리 연구의 저변 확대에 기여하리라 판단된다.

Medical device performance has been advanced while images are expected to be acquired with further higher quality and pertinent applicability as images have been increasing in importance in analyzing major organs. Recent high frequency of image processing by MATLAB in image analysis area accounts for the intent of this study to segment pulmonary vessels by means of MATLAB. This study is to consist of 3 phases including pulmonary region segmentation, pulmonary vessel segmentation and three dimensional connectivity assessment, in which vessel was segmented, using threshold level, from the pulmonary region segmented, vessel thickness was measured as two dimensional refining process and three dimensional connectivity was assessed as three dimensional refining process. It is expected that MATLAB-based image processing should contribute to diversity and reliability of medical image processing and that the study results may lay a foundation for chest CT images-related researches.

Following the appearance of the latest medical equipment with improved function, the importance of image analysis which enables effective image processing and analysis consistent with the hardware performance is on the rise. As well as, ongoing study is being done on the 2D medical image processing and 3D reconstruction. This paper segments chest CT images into each stage and finally shows 3D reconstruction of each segmented result. Among various image segmentation methods, Region Growing and apply sharpening and Gamma Controller as for image improvement for effective segmentation, image segmentation in order of bronchus and lung, bronchus, lung. Human organs image of segmented is use VTK(Visualization Toolkit) to make 3D reconstruction, two and three-dimensional medical image processing and analysis for lesions diagnosis are able to utilized.