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1. Features of cryptococcosis among 652 HIV-seronegative individuals in France: a cross-sectional observational study (2005-2020)

Author

Brieu, N., Durand, C., Bertei, D., Bouchara, J.P., Pihet, M., Bland, S., Bru, J.P., Pulik, M., Le Turdu, F., Lefrand C, H., Ferrand, M., Larrouy, M., Millon, L., Delhaes, L., Imbert, S., Accoceberry, I., Bachelier, M.N., Nevez, G., Quinio, D., Le Coustumier, A., Carmagnol, F., Rivière, B., Boex, P., Podac, B., Moniot, M., Nourrisson, C., Augereau, O., Emond, J.P., Belkacem-Belkaki, G., Bacri, J.L., Berthelot, G., Dalle, F., Vallee, E., Bizet, J., Noussair, L., Herrmann, J.L., Maubon, D., Brocard, C., Guiffault, P., Layet, A., Morel, A., Angoulvant, A., Penn, P., Gigandon, A., Sendid, B., Cornu, M., Darde, M.L., Jaccard, A., Bouteille, B., Azjenberg, D., Prades, N., Bienvenu, A.L., Benoit-Cattin, T., Fiacre, A., Levy, S., Pitsch, A., Kiefer, M.H., Debourgogne, A., Moquet, O., Colot, J., Courtellemont, L., Poisson, D., Laurens, V., Kauffmann-Lacroix, C., Martres, P., Gargala, G., Godineau, N., Picot, S., Chassagne, C., Djibo, N., Devallière, R., Sabou, M., Camin-Ravenne, A.M., Bissuel, F., Janvier, F., Aubert, X., Chadapaud, S., Delbeck, X., Lafeuillade, A., Raoult, X., Baclet, V., Coignard, C., Mouton, Y., Ravaux, I., Eloy, C., Fur, A., Rezzouk, L., Mazards, E., Eloy, O., Chachaty, E., Mihaila, L., Dellion, S., Patey, O., Thouvenot, A., Limousin, L., Paugam, A., Desplaces, N., Raguin, G., Sitterlé, E., Blaize, M., Gits-Muselli, M., Hennequin, C., Poirot, J.L., Bretagne, S., Lacroix, Claire, Hamane, Samia, Paccoud, Olivier, Desnos-Ollivier, Marie, Persat, Florence, Demar, Magalie, Boukris-Sitbon, Karine, Bellanger, Anne-Pauline, Bonhomme, Julie, Bonnal, Christine, Botterel, Françoise, Bougnoux, Marie-Elisabeth, Brun, Sophie, Cassaing, Sophie, Cateau, Estelle, Chouaki, Taieb, Cornet, Muriel, Dannaoui, Eric, Desbois-Nogard, Nicole, Durieux, Marie-Fleur, Favennec, Loïc, Fekkar, Arnaud, Gabriel, Frederic, Gangneux, Jean-Pierre, Guitard, Juliette, Hasseine, Lilia, Huguenin, Antoine, Le Gal, Solène, Letscher-Bru, Valérie, Mahinc, Caroline, Morio, Florent, Nicolas, Muriel, Poirier, Philippe, Ranque, Stéphane, Roosen, Gabrielle, Rouges, Célia, Roux, Anne-Laure, Sasso, Milène, Alanio, Alexandre, Lortholary, Olivier, and Lanternier, Fanny

Published
2024
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2. P229 Do CFTR modulators interfere with microbiological diagnosis?

Author

Héry-Arnaud, G., primary, Vallet, S., additional, Bougnoux, M.-E., additional, Cardot-Martin, E., additional, Cassaing, S., additional, Chesnay, A., additional, Crémet, L., additional, Doléans-Jordheim, A., additional, Dupont, C., additional, Ferroni, A., additional, Gangneux, J.-P., additional, Garnier, F., additional, Guet-Revillet, H., additional, Guillard, T., additional, Handala, L., additional, Herrmann, J.-L., additional, Jeannot, K., additional, Lachaud, L., additional, Le Gal, S., additional, Lehours, P., additional, Mainardi, J.-L., additional, Millon, L., additional, Piau, C., additional, Persat, F., additional, Villena, I., additional, Yéra, H., additional, Velo-Suarez, L., additional, and Delhaes, L., additional

Published
2024
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4. Features of cryptococcosis among 652 HIV-seronegative individuals in France: a cross-sectional observational study (2005-2020)

Author

Paccoud, Olivier, primary, Desnos-Ollivier, Marie, additional, Persat, Florence, additional, Demar, Magalie, additional, Boukris-Sitbon, Karine, additional, Bellanger, Anne-Pauline, additional, Bonhomme, Julie, additional, Bonnal, Christine, additional, Botterel, Françoise, additional, Bougnoux, Marie-Elisabeth, additional, Brun, Sophie, additional, Cassaing, Sophie, additional, Cateau, Estelle, additional, Chouaki, Taieb, additional, Cornet, Muriel, additional, Dannaoui, Eric, additional, Desbois-Nogard, Nicole, additional, Durieux, Marie-Fleur, additional, Favennec, Loïc, additional, Fekkar, Arnaud, additional, Gabriel, Frederic, additional, Gangneux, Jean-Pierre, additional, Guitard, Juliette, additional, Hasseine, Lilia, additional, Huguenin, Antoine, additional, Le Gal, Solène, additional, Letscher-Bru, Valérie, additional, Mahinc, Caroline, additional, Morio, Florent, additional, Nicolas, Muriel, additional, Poirier, Philippe, additional, Ranque, Stéphane, additional, Roosen, Gabrielle, additional, Rouges, Célia, additional, Roux, Anne-Laure, additional, Sasso, Milène, additional, Alanio, Alexandre, additional, Lortholary, Olivier, additional, Lanternier, Fanny, additional, Brieu, N., additional, Durand, C., additional, Bertei, D., additional, Bouchara, J.P., additional, Pihet, M., additional, Bland, S., additional, Bru (Annecy), J.P., additional, Pulik, M., additional, Le Turdu, F., additional, Lefrand, C, H., additional, Ferrand, M., additional, Larrouy, M., additional, Millon, L., additional, Delhaes, L., additional, Imbert, S., additional, Accoceberry, I., additional, Bachelier, M.N., additional, Nevez, G., additional, Quinio, D., additional, Le Coustumier, A., additional, Carmagnol, F., additional, Rivière, B., additional, Boex, P., additional, Podac, B., additional, Moniot, M., additional, Nourrisson, C., additional, Augereau, O., additional, Emond, J.P., additional, Belkacem-Belkaki, G., additional, Bacri, J.L., additional, Berthelot, G., additional, Dalle, F., additional, Vallee, E., additional, Bizet, J., additional, Noussair, L., additional, Herrmann, J.L., additional, Maubon, D., additional, Brocard, C., additional, Guiffault, P., additional, Layet, A., additional, Morel, A., additional, Angoulvant, A., additional, Penn, P., additional, Gigandon, A., additional, Sendid, B., additional, Cornu, M., additional, Darde, M.L., additional, Jaccard, A., additional, Bouteille, B., additional, Azjenberg, D., additional, Prades, N., additional, Bienvenu, A.L., additional, Benoit-Cattin, T., additional, Fiacre, A., additional, Levy, S., additional, Pitsch, A., additional, Kiefer, M.H., additional, Debourgogne, A., additional, Moquet, O., additional, Colot, J., additional, Courtellemont, L., additional, Poisson, D., additional, Laurens, V., additional, Kauffmann-Lacroix, C., additional, Martres, P., additional, Gargala, G., additional, Godineau, N., additional, Picot, S., additional, Chassagne, C., additional, Djibo, N., additional, Devallière, R., additional, Sabou, M., additional, Camin-Ravenne, A.M., additional, Bissuel, F., additional, Janvier, F., additional, Aubert, X., additional, Chadapaud, S., additional, Delbeck, X., additional, Lafeuillade, A., additional, Raoult, X., additional, Baclet, V., additional, Coignard, C., additional, Mouton, Y., additional, Ravaux, I., additional, Eloy, C., additional, Fur, A., additional, Rezzouk, L., additional, Mazards, E., additional, Eloy, O., additional, Chachaty, E., additional, Mihaila, L., additional, Dellion, S., additional, Patey, O., additional, Thouvenot, A., additional, Limousin, L., additional, Paugam, A., additional, Desplaces, N., additional, Raguin, G., additional, Sitterlé, E., additional, Blaize, M., additional, Gits-Muselli, M., additional, Hennequin, C., additional, Poirot, J.L., additional, Bretagne, S., additional, Lacroix, Claire, additional, and Hamane, Samia, additional

Published
2024
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13. 388 - Caractérisation longitudinale des logements français selon plusieurs cohortes micro-organismes : la cohorte ELFE

Author

Khan, S., primary, Leynaert, B., additional, Rocchi, S., additional, Marguet, C., additional, Deschildre, A., additional, Scherer, E., additional, Reboux, G., additional, Delmas, M-C., additional, Dufourg, M-N., additional, Charles, M-A., additional, Divaret-Chauveau, A., additional, Millon, L., additional, and Raherison, C., additional

Published
2022
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17. mBio

Author

Bretagne, S. (Stéphane), Sitbon, K. (Karine), Desnos-Ollivier, M. (Marie), Garcia-Hermoso, D. (Dea), Letscher-Bru, V. (Valerie), Cassaing, S. (Sophie), Millon, L. (Laurence), Morio, F. (Florent), Gangneux, J. (Jean-Pierre), Hasseine, L. (Lilia), Favennec, L. (Loïc), Cateau, E. (Estelle), Bailly, E. (Eric), Moniot, M. (Maxime), Bonhomme, J. (Julie), Desbois-Nogard, N. (Nicole), Chouaki, T. (Taieb), Paugam, A. (André), Bouteille, B. (Bernard), Pihet, M. (Marc), Dalle, F. (Frédéric), Eloy, O. (Odile), Sasso, M. (Milène), Demar, M. (Magalie), Mariani-Kurkdjian, P. (Patricia), Robert, V. (Vincent), Lortholary, O. (Olivier), Dromer, F. (Françoise), Denis, J. (Julie), Herbrecht, R. (Raoul), Mertes, P. (Paul-Michel), Meziani, F. (Ferhat), Sabou, M. (Marcela), and Schneider, F. (Francis)

Subjects
Aucun
Abstract

The French National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals leads an active and sustained nationwide surveillance program on probable and proven invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) to determine their epidemiology in France. Between 2012 and 2018, a total of 10,886 IFDs were recorded. The incidence increased slightly over time (2.16 to 2.36/10,000 hospitalization days, P = 0.0562) in relation with an increase of fungemia incidence (1.03 to 1.19/10,000, P = 0.0023), while that of other IFDs remained stable. The proportion of >/=65-year-old patients increased from 38.4% to 45.3% (P < 0.0001). Yeast fungemia (n = 5,444) was due mainly to Candida albicans (55.6%) with stable proportions of species over time. Echinocandins became the main drug prescribed (46.7% to 61.8%), but global mortality rate remained unchanged (36.3% at 1 month). Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (n = 2,106) was diagnosed mostly in HIV-negative patients (80.7%) with a significantly higher mortality than in HIV-positive patients (21.9% versus 5.4% at 1 month, P < 0.0001). Invasive aspergillosis (n = 1,661) and mucormycosis (n = 314) were diagnosed mostly in hematology (>60% of the cases) with a global mortality rate of 42.5% and 59.3%, respectively, at 3 months and significant changes in diagnosis procedure over time. More concurrent infections were also diagnosed over time (from 5.4% to 9.4% for mold IFDs, P = 0.0115). In conclusion, we observed an aging of patients with IFD with a significant increase in incidence only for yeast fungemia, a trend toward more concurrent infections, which raises diagnostic and therapeutic issues. Overall, global survival associated with IFDs has not improved despite updated guidelines and new diagnostic tools. IMPORTANCE The epidemiology of invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) is hard to delineate given the difficulties in ascertaining the diagnosis that is often based on the confrontation of clinical and microbiological criteria. The present report underlines the interest of active surveillance involving mycologists and clinicians to describe the global incidence and that of the main IFDs. Globally, although the incidence of Pneumocystis pneumonia, invasive aspergillosis, and mucormycosis remained stable over the study period (2012 to 2018), that of yeast fungemia increased slightly. We also show here that IFDs seem to affect older people more frequently. The most worrisome observation is the lack of improvement in the global survival rate associated with IFDs despite the increasing use of more sensitive diagnostic tools, the availability of new antifungal drugs very active in clinical trials, and a still low/marginal rate of acquired in vitro resistance in France. Therefore, other tracks of improvement should be investigated actively.

Published
2022

22. Interlaboratory evaluation of Mucorales PCR assays for testing serum specimens: A study by the fungal PCR Initiative and the Modimucor study group

Author

Rocchi, S, Scherer, E, Mengoli, C, Alanio, A, Botterel, F, Bougnoux, M, Bretagne, S, Cogliati, M, Cornu, M, Dalle, Frédéric, Damiani, Céline, Denis, J, Fuchs, S, Gits-Muselli, M, Hagen, F, Halliday, C, Hare, R, Iriart, Xavier, Klaassen, C, Lackner, M, Lengerova, M, Letscher-Bru, V, Morio, F, Nourrisson, C, Posch, W, Sendid, B, Springer, J, Willinger, B, White, P, Barnes, R, Cruciani, M, Donnelly, J, Loeffler, J, Millon, L, Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Centre National de Référence Mycoses Invasives et Antifongiques - National Reference Center Invasive Mycoses & Antifungals (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Mycologie moléculaire - Molecular Mycology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpitaux Universitaire Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand-Widal, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Faculté de médecine (UPEC Médecine), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA), CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques (BPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de parasitologie mycologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Vin Aliment Microbiologie et Stress (VAlMiS), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire de parasitologie et de mycologie médicales [CHU Amiens], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294 (AGIR ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Laboratoire de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale [Strasbourg], Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, UFR Médecine [Santé] - Université Paris Cité (UFR Médecine UPCité), Univ Utrecht, Westerdijk Fungal Biodivers Inst, Fungal Physiol, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands, Partenaires INRAE, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), University Hospital Brno, CHU Strasbourg, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital Wuerzburg / Universitäts­klinikum Würzburg, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Public Health Wales [Cardiff, Royaume uni], University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio [San Antonio, Tx, USA], This work was supported by a grant from the French Ministry of Health PHRC (Projet Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique) national-ModiMucor 2014-A00580-47., Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé (CNRS-UMR2000), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité - UFR Médecine [Santé] (UPCité UFR Médecine), CHU Henri Mondor, Biologie des ARN des Pathogènes fongiques - RNA Biology of Fungal Pathogens, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Innsbruck, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB) - Hôpital Purpan, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques - Fungal Biology and Pathogenicity (BPF), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Padova Medical School, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Université Paris Cité - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UPC Médecine Paris Centre), Université Paris Cité (UPC), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Cité (UPC), and Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI)

Subjects
standardization, MESH: Clinical Laboratory Techniques / instrumentation, MESH: Humans, MESH: Mucorales / genetics, Mucorales PCR, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, circulating DNA, MESH: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / standards, MESH: Observer Variation, MESH: Mucormycosis / blood, MESH: Reproducibility of Results, MESH: France, interlaboratory assay, MESH: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / standards, MESH: Hospitals, University / statistics & numerical data, MESH: Clinical Laboratory Techniques / standards, MESH: DNA, Fungal / genetics, MESH: Clinical Laboratory Techniques / methods, MESH: Mucormycosis / diagnosis, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; Interlaboratory evaluations of Mucorales qPCR assays were developed to assess the reproducibility and performance of methods currently used. The participants comprised 12 laboratories from French university hospitals (nine of them participating in the Modimucor study) and 11 laboratories participating in the Fungal PCR Initiative. For panel 1, three sera were each spiked with DNA from three different species (Rhizomucor pusillus, Lichtheimia corymbifera, Rhizopus oryzae). For panel 2, six sera with three concentrations of R. pusillus and L. corymbifera (1, 10, and 100 genomes/ml) were prepared. Each panel included a blind negative-control serum. A form was distributed with each panel to collect results and required technical information, including DNA extraction method, sample volume used, DNA elution volume, qPCR method, qPCR template input volume, qPCR total reaction volume, qPCR platform, and qPCR reagents used. For panel 1, assessing 18 different protocols, qualitative results (positive or negative) were correct in 97% of cases (70/72). A very low interlaboratory variability in Cq values (SD = 1.89 cycles) were observed. For panel 2 assessing 26 different protocols, the detection rates were high (77-100%) for 5/6 of spiked serum. There was a significant association between the qPCR platform and performance. However, certain technical steps and optimal combinations of factors may also impact performance. The good reproducibility and performance demonstrated in this study support the use of Mucorales qPCR as part of the diagnostic strategy for mucormycosis.

Published
2021

23. Early diagnosis and monitoring of mucormycosis by detection of circulating DNA in serum: retrospective analysis of 44 cases collected through the French Surveillance Network of Invasive Fungal Infections (RESSIF)

Author

Dupont, H., Marolleau, J.P., Totet, A., Damiani, C., Berceanu, A., Larosa, F., Bonhomme, J., Chabrot, C., Bouteille, B., Boutoille, D., Gastinne, T., Peterlin, P., Gari Toussaint, M., Poisson, D., Briet, D., Buret, J., Legrand, M., Denis, B., Raffoux, E., Bergeron, A., Veinstein, A., Godet, C., N'guyen, Y., Diallo, S., Sabou, M., Denis, J., Ledoux, M.P., Recher, C., Ruiz, J., Desoubeaux, G., Bailly, E., Chachaty, E., Dromer, F., Lortholary, O., Sitbon, K., Hoinard, D., Millon, L., Herbrecht, R., Grenouillet, F., Morio, F., Alanio, A., Letscher-Bru, V., Cassaing, S., Chouaki, T., Kauffmann-Lacroix, C., Poirier, P., Toubas, D., Augereau, O., Rocchi, S., Garcia-Hermoso, D., and Bretagne, S.

Published
2016
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27. Interlaboratory evaluation of Mucorales PCR assays for testing serum specimens: A study by the fungal PCR Initiative and the Modimucor study group

Author

Rocchi, S, Scherer, E, Mengoli, C, Alanio, A, Botterel, F, Bougnoux, M E, Bretagne, S, Cogliati, M, Cornu, M, Dalle, F, Damiani, C, Denis, J, Fuchs, S, Gits-Muselli, M, Hagen, F, Halliday, C, Hare, R, Iriart, X, Klaassen, C, Lackner, M, Lengerova, M, Letscher-Bru, V, Morio, F, Nourrisson, C, Posch, W, Sendid, B, Springer, J, Willinger, B, White, P L, Barnes, R A, Cruciani, M, Donnelly, J P, Loeffler, J, Millon, L, Rocchi, S, Scherer, E, Mengoli, C, Alanio, A, Botterel, F, Bougnoux, M E, Bretagne, S, Cogliati, M, Cornu, M, Dalle, F, Damiani, C, Denis, J, Fuchs, S, Gits-Muselli, M, Hagen, F, Halliday, C, Hare, R, Iriart, X, Klaassen, C, Lackner, M, Lengerova, M, Letscher-Bru, V, Morio, F, Nourrisson, C, Posch, W, Sendid, B, Springer, J, Willinger, B, White, P L, Barnes, R A, Cruciani, M, Donnelly, J P, Loeffler, J, and Millon, L

Abstract

Interlaboratory evaluations of Mucorales qPCR assays were developed to assess the reproducibility and performance of methods currently used. The participants comprised 12 laboratories from French university hospitals (nine of them participating in the Modimucor study) and 11 laboratories participating in the Fungal PCR Initiative. For panel 1, three sera were each spiked with DNA from three different species (Rhizomucor pusillus, Lichtheimia corymbifera, Rhizopus oryzae). For panel 2, six sera with three concentrations of R. pusillus and L. corymbifera (1, 10, and 100 genomes/ml) were prepared. Each panel included a blind negative-control serum. A form was distributed with each panel to collect results and required technical information, including DNA extraction method, sample volume used, DNA elution volume, qPCR method, qPCR template input volume, qPCR total reaction volume, qPCR platform, and qPCR reagents used. For panel 1, assessing 18 different protocols, qualitative results (positive or negative) were correct in 97% of cases (70/72). A very low interlaboratory variability in Cq values (SD = 1.89 cycles) were observed. For panel 2 assessing 26 different protocols, the detection rates were high (77-100%) for 5/6 of spiked serum. There was a significant association between the qPCR platform and performance. However, certain technical steps and optimal combinations of factors may also impact performance. The good reproducibility and performance demonstrated in this study support the use of Mucorales qPCR as part of the diagnostic strategy for mucormycosis.

Published
2020

32. Nonspecific secretory immunity in HIV-infected patients with oral candidiasis

Author

Bard, E., Laibe, S., Clair, S., Biichle, S., Millon, L., Drobacheff, C., Bettinger, D., Seilles, E., and Meillet, D.

Subjects
Epidemiology -- Statistics, Epidemiology -- Research, HIV patients -- Case studies, HIV patients -- Health aspects, HIV patients -- Care and treatment, HIV infection -- Prevention, HIV infection -- Research, HIV infection -- Health aspects, Thrush (Mouth disease) -- Care and treatment, Thrush (Mouth disease) -- Prevention, Thrush (Mouth disease) -- Health aspects, Thrush (Mouth disease) -- Causes of, Health
Abstract

Research has been conducted on nonspecific secretory immunity in HIV-infected patients with oral candidiasis. The study of this immunity has been carried out via measuring lysozyme, lactoferrin, secretory IgA and total IgA levels, and the results demonstrate that despite saliva concentration and good intestinal output innate immunity could not prevent yeast expansion in HIV-infected patients.

Published
2002

38. Interlaboratory evaluation of Mucorales PCR assays for testing serum specimens: A study by the fungal PCR Initiative and the Modimucor study group

Author

Rocchi, S, primary, Scherer, E, additional, Mengoli, C, additional, Alanio, A, additional, Botterel, F, additional, Bougnoux, M E, additional, Bretagne, S, additional, Cogliati, M, additional, Cornu, M, additional, Dalle, F, additional, Damiani, C, additional, Denis, J, additional, Fuchs, S, additional, Gits-Muselli, M, additional, Hagen, F, additional, Halliday, C, additional, Hare, R, additional, Iriart, X, additional, Klaassen, C, additional, Lackner, M, additional, Lengerova, M, additional, Letscher-Bru, V, additional, Morio, F, additional, Nourrisson, C, additional, Posch, W, additional, Sendid, B, additional, Springer, J, additional, Willinger, B, additional, White, P L, additional, Barnes, R A, additional, Cruciani, M, additional, Donnelly, J P, additional, Loeffler, J, additional, and Millon, L, additional

Published
2020
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46. Alveolar echinococcosis in the 21st century: An opportunistic infection?

Author

Vuitton, D. A., Bresson-Hadni, S., Chauchet, A., Richou, C., Grenouillet, F., Delabrousse, E., Millon, L., Mantion, G., Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (EA 3181) (CEF2P / CARCINO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Académie nationale de médecine, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)

Subjects
Opportunistic infection, Transplantation, Inflammatory disorders, Alveolar echinococcosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immune suppression, Echinococcus multilocularis, Host-parasite interaction, Cancer
Abstract

National audience; Increased susceptibility of experimental animals with immune suppression to alveolar echinococcosis (AE), due to Echinococcus multilocularis infection, has been known for more than 30 years, as well as the fast progression of residual AE lesions in patients with liver transplantation. However, occurrence of AE in patients with acquired immune suppression has been published as isolated cases only from the beginning of the 21st century. Based on the French Registry of Alveolar Echinococcosis cases (FrancEchino), a systematic study of AE cases in immunosuppressed patients, patients with AIDS, with cancer and malignant hematological disorders, with chronic inflammatory diseases, and with organ transplantations, has been performed. This study has confirmed the significant increase of AE cases in patients with immune suppression since 2000, compared to previous years, and of the percentage of such cases among all French AE patients, thus giving AE the status of 'opportunistic infection'. AE is most often an incidental finding in patients with a follow-up for the underlying disease. AE diagnosis is generally delayed and the treatment often erroneous because of misleading diagnostic findings, especially in patients with cancer. When the patients are symptomatic, unusual acute symptoms that simulate a liver abscess may be seen; these presenting symptoms, as well as more frequent negative serology and unusual imaging findings than in patients without immune suppression contribute to delayed diagnosis. Usual therapeutic strategy nevertheless applies to AE in immunosuppressed patients, with complete surgical resection of AE lesions whenever possible, anatomically and in the context of the underlying disease, and long-term administration of albendazole in non-operable patients. In such cases, albendazole efficacy is often excellent and fast; however, adverse effects of albendazole seem more frequent than in other patients. Complementary studies are necessary to understand whether AE occurrence in immunosuppressed patients is due to newly acquired infection or to the reactivation of dormant microscopic lesions.

Published
2019

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