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2. Postsecondary Education and 'The Best Interests of the People of the States.'

Author

George Washington Univ., Washington, DC. Inst. for Educational Leadership. and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

The Constitution mandates that the states take primary responsibility for education. Except for a few specialized institutions, such as the service academies, educational institutions have been chartered, incorporated, licensed and/or authorized to operate by the states. This historical relationship between the states and higher education is outlined. The regulatory function has varied among the states over the years. Regulatory legislation has been influenced by concern to protect citizens against submarginal and fraudulent operations; to protect the integrity of legitimate institutions; development of statewide planning, coordinating and governing boards of public higher education; the question of institutional eligibility of federal funding; increased awareness within the states of the problems growing out of student unrest, and the impact of nontraditional forms of education; the movement for consumer protection in postsecondary education; and the redefinition of the role of states brought about by the Education Amendments of 1972. The trend toward declining enrollments and the resultant competition for students as well as competition for increasingly scarce funds will necessitate new approaches toward regulation and authorization of institutions in the future. (JMF)

Published
1976

3. State Boards of Higher Education. ERIC/Higher Education Research Report No. 4.

Author

George Washington Univ., Washington, DC. ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education., American Association for Higher Education, Washington, DC., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

Several dilemmas have arisen as a consequence of the centralization of state decision-making, including areas of tension between state boards and institutions and between executive and legislative branches of government. It is suggested that these boards are ultimately in the best interest of the higher education community. In a period of retrenchment, in which accountability, effective use of limited resources, and concern with evaluation are paramount, state boards, acting in consort with all sectors of postsecondary education and the public offer the best promise for insuring institutional survival and maintaining the quality of education. This report reviews the historical development of the boards, as well as their functions, powers, and structures. Tables are included on: state coordinating and governing boards; options chosen by states and eligible territories in establishing Section l202 state commissions; and major issues of concern to state higher education agencies. (LBH)

Published
1976

4. State Programs to Provide Financial Support for and Coordination of Nonpublic Higher Education.

Author

Millard, Richard

Abstract

State aid to private higher education goes back to the beginning of higher education in this country. The forms of financial support for private higher education run the gamut from contracts for special services to general student aid available to students at both public and private institutions. By far the most important from the standpoint of the amounts of money involved are student aid and direct institutional aid. In addition to what might be described as general scholarship or grants including tuition equalization grants, a number of states offer scholarships or grants in special areas including medicine, dentistry, law, nursing, allied health fields and teacher education. Another related but distinguishable form of state support for private institutions that has been increasing over the last 3 years is what might be described as the development of contract relations. A fourth area of state support where it is constitutionally possible has been the development of Facilities Bonding Authorities. Eleven states now have such bonding authorities that enable institutions to borrow funds for construction on the basis of tax free bonds. If there is to be continued and increasing state concern and financial support for private higher education, it should be the result of effective planning for postsecondary education as a whole with clear recognition of the integral role of private higher education to the total picture. (Author/PG)

Published
1974

5. State Aid to Nonpublic Higher Education.

Author

Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

This report provides the results of a tabular survey of programs in operation or approved for state support of private higher education in the 50 states. The information in the survey is summarized and presented as introductory material. (MJM)

Published
1974

6. Information Impact: Collision with Tradition. Shifting Levels of Decision Making in Postsecondary Education. Report No. 49.

Author

Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

This document attempts to raise questions about the judicious use of information at various levels, and its impact on postsecondary educational institutions. It focuses on the major issues involved in the aggregation and comparison of information about postsecondary education, the needs and usage of such information, and prospects for increasing demand for such information. Part 1 is devoted to the progress report on the work of the National Commission on the Financing of Postsecondary Education. It also discusses the issues of tension, problems, limitations, opportunities and advantages of effective management information systems, and information aggregation addressed first from within the institutional perspective and second from state and federal perspectives. Part 2 considers management and information systems as the beneficiaries of postsecondary educational systems and systems not as ends in themselves but as a means to increase benefits to students and society. Part 3 contains issues of a less technical nature involving changing conditions in uses of management information systems, such as collective bargaining information needs, program innovation within traditional management systems, policy issues related to data base management, a humanistic management system for education, and regional data centers. Workshop sessions dealt with the National Center for Higher Education Management Systems' products, state systems, regional systems, community colleges, small colleges, and particular management and information system development. (Author/KE)

Published
1974

7. The States and Private Higher Education.

Author

Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO., Millard, Richard M., and Berve, Nancy M.

Abstract

This document is a tabular survey of programs in operation or approved for state support of private higher education in the 50 states. The table is arranged by state and covers: (1) contracts; (2) direct institutional aid; (3) disadvantaged/minorities; (4) facilities assistance/authorities; (5) medical/dental/nursing; (6) student aid; and (7) others. Listed under each of the seven types of programs is information on the funding, restrictions and/or distribution of each program. (Author/KE)

Published
1975

8. Higher Education in the States; Volume 7, Number 1, 1978. The States and Private Higher Education.

Author

Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

State aid, indirect or direct, available to private institutions or their students is presented by state in tabular form. The forms of such aid, which in 1977 were provided by all but four states (Arizona, Nebraska, Nevada, and Wyoming) and the District of Columbia, fall into six major groups: student assistance; direct institutional aid; contracts; special programs for disadvantaged students; support for medical, dental, nursing and health-related fields; and provision of facilities authorities to enable independent institutions to take advantage of tax-exempt bonds for capital construction. Results show that: 39 states provide student aid programs to students in both private and public institutions; 26 states provide specialized student aid programs to students in private and public institutions; 18 states provide student support for medical, dental, health-related and veterinary education; 23 states provide student institutional support for one or more medical, dental, nursing and/or veterinary schools; 14 states provide direct institutional support; 17 states contract directly with independent institutions; 6 states fund specialized programs for the disadvantaged available to students in either public or private institutions; and 13 states provide authorities for tax-exempt bonding to private institutions. (SPG)

Published
1978

9. The Future of Higher Education in the 1980s: Boom? Doom? Gloom? Bloom?

Author

Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

Trends and changing conditions likely to affect state higher education boards and their functions, and responses to the changes are the focus of this paper. Three underlying factors are identified--that all changes will not affect all states in the same way, that no two state boards are exactly alike, and that many of the more recently established boards, in particular, were set up to deal with rapid growth and may not be designed or empowered to function with the radically changed conditions. Among the changing trends identified are enrollment projections and demographic information, growing fiscal restraints, increasing concern with accountability (especially at the state level), recognizing social justice issues (for such groups as women, the handicapped, and the economically disadvantaged), and the relationship between the higher education board and the executive and legislative branches of government. It is concluded that the picture is more one of gloom and doom than bloom and boom, but that it also offers the opportunity for the development of a leaner but healthier system of higher education. Six recommendations are made, including that more attention be directed to performance criteria. (PHR)

Published
1979

10. Increased Administrative Authority of 1202 Commissions and Their Projected New Roles with Continuing Education.

Author

Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

Purposes of 1202 Commissions and projected new roles with respect to continuing education are discussed. Both the House and Senate versions of the legislation reauthorizing the Higher Education Act of 1965 delete any reference to 1202 Commissions and substitute for it a state agreement provision. What in effect the new legislation does is to carry forward the 1202 functions, to reinforce further the recognition of the federal interest in comprehensive statewide planning, but to leave the matter of structure and means of accomplishing educational objectives to states, their legislatively authorized higher education boards or agencies, and to institutions. One of the changes related to the 1202 Commissions or the 1202 functions of state higher education agencies is an increase in the scope of statewide planning. A second change is the number of states in which responsibility for administration of Title I has been assigned to the principal state agency responsible for coordination or governance of higher education in spite of the fact that the federal legislation does not mandate such consolidation. A third change indicating a concern for continuing, adult education, and lifelong learning has been frequent funding for studies of and planning in this area. The new Title I and policy issues on the state level related to continuing education and social policy are considered. (SW)

Published
1980

11. The State Role--Beyond Bakke.

Author

State Higher Education Executive Officers Association., Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. Inservice Education Program., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

Outcomes of the Bakke decision and the role of the state in developing an effective post-Bakke agenda are addressed. While the Supreme Court rejected the doctrine of complete racial neutrality in admissions decisions, there is ambiguity in the decision that could be used to rationalize complacency and justification of the status quo, doing away with quotas and two-tracks and submitting nothing in their place, or weakening programs designed to support minority students with potential for professional and graduate work. Advantages of the decision include directing attention to the issue of underrepresentation of minorities in higher education and in responsible positions in American society. It is suggested that state boards, commissions, or departments of higher education have played or have the capacity for playing significant roles in expansion of access, including providing guidance in areas related to access such as admissions standards and student aid. An agenda for state higher or postsecondary education should include the following: disseminate accurate information about the Bakke decision to policy-makers, identify and disseminate admissions models designed to increase enrollment of underrepresented minorities at graduate and professional levels within the Bakke guidelines; encourage institutions to develop their own plans for overcoming underrepresentation; and conduct human resources studies that identify specific community as well as aggregate state needs in critical human service areas. An agenda for the legislative and executive branches of state government could include: issuing a formal resolution and/or executive order reaffirming the state's commitment to affirmative action and to overcoming underrepresentation both in educational opportunity and in providing human services. (SW)

Published
1978

12. Issues of Statewide Concern in Higher Education.

Author

State Higher Education Executive Officers Association., Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. Inservice Education Program., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

The adequacy of existing coordinating and governing structures in higher education is considered. Some of the changed conditions that current boards are confronting are as follows: declining college enrollments, the need to find new student clienteles, the effect of decreased job opportunities for college graduates on public attitudes on funding higher education, financial problems and the growing competition for funds, increased interest in performance audits, duplication of community college occupational programs by upper division colleges, the effects of collective bargaining, the impact of federal legislation and regulations on statewide postsecondary educational activities, and a demand for greater responsibility through further centralization and control by state government. The following responsibilities for statewide coordination and governance are suggested: planning for steady or decreasing enrollments (retrenchment); taking into account in the planning process the total postsecondary educational resources (public, private, and proprietary); relating expenditures to outcomes, to performance audit; reviewing the budgeting process and formulas in terms of their adequacy to deal with problems of contraction; taking in consideration other state priorities; statewide, interstate and regional planning for adult and continuing education and lifelong learning; understanding the issues in collective bargaining and the impact of bargaining on statewide planning, program review, and financing; and understanding state implications of federal programs. (SW)

Published
1977

13. The New Game.

Author

State Higher Education Executive Officers Association., Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. Inservice Education Program., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

The crucial role of the states in postsecondary education and the changing conditions in higher education are addressed. It is noted that the states constitute the largest single source of funding for higher education and have the largest investment in it, and historically and constitutionally are primarily responsible for education. Important trends are declining college enrollments and the need to develop new student clienteles, including older citizens, who may require major changes in curriculum, services, and modes of instruction. There is also public concern with what appears to be overproduction of highly educated manpower (undergraduate and graduate levels). Inflation and decreased funding for education are major concerns, along with the demand for greater accountability by the general public and state government. A more recent development of significance has been the creation of independent legislative or executive auditing agencies concerned with both fiscal audit and performance audit (linking expenditures to outcome or results). Another factor has been the tendency on the state level toward increased centralization not only in planning and coordination but in governance and structure of public higher education. Concern is expressed that the states are spending considerable amounts on postsecondary vocational education, sometimes in direct duplication of occupational programs in community colleges and even regional colleges. It is suggested that there is need for directness in communication between higher education and state government, including legislators, the chief executive, and their staff, along with a need for effective statewide and institutional planning and attention to outcomes. (SW)

Published
1976

14. External Interest Group Impingements.

Author

State Higher Education Executive Officers Association., Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. Inservice Education Program., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

The history of the interrelation among state approval, accreditation, and institutional eligibility is considered. It is suggested that faculty and college administrators can be either an internal or external group in relationship to the planning process. The federal government, or the state government, passes legislation that may have both indirect and unintended impacts on postsecondary education and state planning for education. The Vocational Education Act, the Buckley Amendment, and the Erwin Act are cited as examples. When federal funds became available to students or to institutions, the federal government used the accreditation process as a criteria for establishing eligibility for receipt of federal funds. The opening of federal programs to proprietary institutions and their students not only tremendously increased the numbers of institutions but also the possibilities for below standard and fraudulent operations. Around 1970, there were a number of states that did not have legislation or regulations that applied to degree-granting, nonprofit institutions or to proprietary institutions. The Education Commission of the States developed model state legislation for authorization of institutions to operate and grant degrees. The default rate for the guaranteed loan programs, the growth of the consumer movement, and the issue of educational malpractice are other areas of concern. It is suggested that major concerns are the states' role in licensing, chartering, and regulating, and the need for private accrediting groups and state agencies to work together. (SW)

Published
1975

15. Statewide Coordination and Governance of Postsecondary Education: Quality, Costs and Accountability: The Major Issues of the 1980s.

Author

State Higher Education Executive Officers Association., Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. Inservice Education Program., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

The historical development of coordinating and governing boards in higher education, the structures and powers of these boards, concerns common to the different states, and current issues are considered. The major period of acceleration in the development of state higher education agencies and boards occurred during 1960 to 1975, the most rapid period of expansion in higher education. While all types of institutions increased in size, by far the major growth was in state institutions. Planning, program review or approval, and budget development are three major areas in which most boards have some responsibility. However, boards vary from state to state both in their powers for carrying out these functions and in the scope of their applicability. Factors contributing to the formation of the coordinating or governing boards include: increased expenditures, providing budgetary equity among institutions, assuring diversity among state institutions, and avoiding unnecessary duplication. Additional concerns include projected enrollments concerning traditional and nontraditional college students; funding difficulties in higher education; the increased demand for accountability; growing concern for private, proprietary, and vocational institutions; the impact of collective bargaining; and the impact of federal legislation and regulation. Mandates for the future are also addressed. (SW)

Published
1977

16. Reconciling Statewide Priorities and Institutional Aspirations.

Author

State Higher Education Executive Officers Association., Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. Inservice Education Program., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

Relations between colleges/college governing boards and statewide coordinating boards, and alternatives to coordination, are considered. The history of statewide coordinating boards is briefly sketched, and it is suggested that current conditions and trends require both state and institutional responses. Among the issues are declining enrollments and the need to develop new student clienteles, the need for coordination with respect to continuing education and lifelong learning, financial problems in higher education and the need for relevant budgeting formulas, the demand by state government and the public for accountability, the need for effective information systems, effective ways to review academic programs and educational outcomes, and relationships between public and private higher education. It is suggested that institutional boards and executives, in cooperation with their faculties and with appropriate state agencies, need to develop clear statements of institutional goals and objectives in terms of educational functions and target audiences. Attention should also be directed to institutional and statewide assessment and effective program review. Some references are made to the situations in Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan. (SW)

Published
1977

17. To Colorado Springs and Beyond.

Author

State Higher Education Executive Officers Association., Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO. Inservice Education Program., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

Developments that highlight the importance of state oversight and authorization of higher education institutions and the objectives of the current Colorado Springs seminar on this topic are considered. In addition to the basic fact that states are the origin of chartering, licensing, and authorization of educational institutions, states have needed to develop more effective laws and agencies and to take more seriously their authorization and regulatory functions. This is in part because of the number of awards of federal funds to institutions, including funds under the G.I. Bill. The growth of postsecondary and higher education during the 1960s and first half of the 1970s and the growing public concern for consumer protection are among the other issues prompting state oversight and authorization efforts. One forum for state authorizing agencies of proprietary and nondegree programs has been the National Association of State Approval Agencies. The Education Commission of the States (ECS) developed model legislation to assess not only state legislation but also regulations, and to some extent operations. Both the ECS and the Federal Interagency Committee on Education have urged further strengthening of state laws, adoption of ECS model legislation, and development of a clearinghouse for information among states on authorization and on consumer protection. The establishment of the Council of Postsecondary Accreditation and a seminar in 1976 (Keystone) specifically designed for state approval agencies are also noted. Studies that have an impact are also briefly described. Objectives of the present seminar at Colorado Springs are to review the American Institutes for Research federally funded report, "Study of State Oversight in Postsecondary Education," problems faced by authorizing agencies, the adequacy of present laws and regulations, and the relations of state oversight operations to accreditation and to the federal government. (SW)

Published
1978

19. The Role, Responsibility, and Function of the Community Colleges in Occupational Education.

Author

Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

This speech emphasizes the thesis that the major function of education should be to prepare students for a vocation. Some implications for community colleges are: (1) the need for comprehensiveness, including communication and cooperation with high schools and 4-year colleges; (2) the need for statewide planning, clear identification of institutional goals, and complementary planning within the colleges to eliminate the qualitative differences in terminal and transfer programs; (3) the need for a diverse faculty with complementary and mutually respected vocations; (4) the importance of cooperation between community colleges and the community in planning programs that meet local manpower needs and providing work-study opportunities in the community; and (5) the involvement of the total college in guidance. Also examined are the limits of comprehensiveness and the elimination of time-defined educational concepts. (RN)

Published
1972

20. Selected Issues Relating to Available Information on Health Education Program Needs. Report No. 38.

Author

Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO., Corcoran, Robert F., and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

This paper identifies and briefly comments on the approaches used for justifying health education program needs for the purpose of educating and training people for the health care professions and occupations. It assesses and evaluates available information concerning the needs of programs that are designed to train and educate professionals for all of the medical and health related services. (JB)

Published
1973

21. Today's Myths and Tomorrow's Realities. Overcoming Obstacles to Academic Leadership in the 21st Century.

Author

Millard, Richard M. and Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

This book examines seven families of myths about postsecondary educational concerns in order to advance the thesis that the evolution of higher education should be accelerated to meet the conditions of a changing world. Chapter One reviews some of the changing conditions and criticisms that are part of the current higher education environment. Chapter Two presents a discussion of the first family of myths, those designated as "academic sacred cows." Chapter Three focuses on the second family of myths, those that involve matters of turf and institutional ethnocentrism. The third family of myths, discussed in Chapter Four, relate to the curriculum. Chapter Five is concerned with myths about what is meant by quality, the range of its applicability, and its measurement. Chapter Six examines myths having to do with conceptions of equity. Chapter Seven reviews concerns about the negative impacts of the rapid development of educational technologies. The final family of myths, presented in Chapter Eight, involves the interface between business and industry and higher education and concerns about independence and integrity. The final chapter identifies five central themes or perspectives that emerge out of the analysis as relevant for the twenty-first century. The book includes over 300 references and an index. (JB)

Published
1991

33. Psychosocial impact of undergoing prostate cancer screening for men with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations

Author

Bancroft, Elizabeth K, Saya, Sibel, Page, Elizabeth C, Myhill, Kathryn, Thomas, Sarah, Pope, Jennifer, Chamberlain, Anthony, Hart, Rachel, Glover, Wayne, Cook, Jackie, Rosario, Derek J, Helfand, Brian T, Selkirk, Christina Hutten, Davidson, Rosemarie, Longmuir, Mark, Eccles, Diana M, Gadea, Neus, Brewer, Carole, Barwell, Julian, Salinas, Monica, Greenhalgh, Lynn, Tischkowitz, Marc, Henderson, Alex, Evans, David Gareth, Buys, Saundra S, Eeles, Rosalind A, Aaronson, Neil K, Eeles, Rosalind, Bancroft, Elizabeth, Page, Elizabeth, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Ardern-Jones, Audrey, Bangma, Chris, Castro, Elena, Dearnaley, David, Falconer, Alison, Foster, Christopher, Gronberg, Henrik, Hamdy, Freddie C, Johannsson, Oskar Thor, Khoo, Vincent, Eccles, Diana, Lilja, Hans, Evans, Gareth, Eyfjord, Jorunn, Lubinski, Jan, Maehle, Lovise, Mikropoulos, Christos, Millner, Alan, Mitra, Anita, Offman, Judith, Moynihan, Clare, Rennert, Gad, Suri, Mohnish, Dias, Alex, Taylor, Natalie, D'Mello, Lucia, Pope, Jenny, James, Paul, Mitchell, Gillian, Shanley, Sue, Richardson, Kate, McKinley, Joanne, Petelin, Lara, Murphy, Morgan, Mascarenhas, Lyon, Murphy, Declan, Lam, Jimmy, Taylor, Louise, Miller, Cathy, Stapleton, Alan, Chong, Michael, Suthers, Graeme, Poplawski, Nicola, Tucker, Katherine, Andrews, Lesley, Duffy, Jessica, Millard, Richard, Ward, Robyn, Williams, Rachel, Stricker, Phillip, Kirk, Judy, Bowman, Michelle, Patel, Manish, Harris, Marion, O'Connell, Shona, Hunt, Clare, Smyth, Courtney, Frydenberg, Mark, Lindeman, Geoffrey, Shackleton, Kylie, Morton, Catherine, Susman, Rachel, McGaughran, Julie, Boon, Melanie, Pachter, Nicholas, Townshend, Sharron, Schofield, Lyn, Nicholls, Cassandra, Spigelman, Allan, Gleeson, Margaret, Amor, David, Burke, Jo, Patterson, Briony, Swindle, Peter, Scott, Rodney, Foulkes, William, Boshari, Talia, Aprikian, Armen, Jensen, Thomas, Bojeson, Anders, Osther, Palle, Skytte, Anne-Bine, Cruger, Dorthe, Tondering, Majbritt Kure, Gerdes, Anne-Marie, Schmutzler, Rita, Rhiem, Kerstin, Wihler, Petra, Kast, K, Griebsch, C, Johannsson, Oskar, Stefansdottir, Vigdis, Murthy, Vedang, Sarin, Rajiv, Awatagiri, Kasturi, Ghonge, Sujata, Kowtal, Pradnya, Mulgund, Gouri, Gallagher, David, Bambury, Richard, Farrell, Michael, Gallagher, Fergal, Kiernan, Ingrid, Friedman, Eitan, Chen-Shtoyerman, Rakefet, Basevitch, Alon, Leibovici, Dan, Melzer, Ehud, Ben-Yehoshua, Sagi Josefsberg, Nicolai, Nicola, Radice, Paolo, Valdagni, Riccardo, Magnani, Tiziana, Gay, Simona, Teo, Soo Hwang, Tan, Hui Meng, Yoon, Sook-Yee, Thong, Meow Keong, Vasen, Hans, Ringleberg, Janneke, van Asperen, Christi, Kiemeney, Bart, van Zelst-Stams, Wendy, Ausems, Margreet GEM, van der Luijt, Rob B, van Os, Theo, Ruijs, Marielle WG, Adank, Muriel A, Oldenburg, Rogier A, Helderman-van den Enden, A Paula TJM, Caanen, BAH, Oosterwijk, Jan C, Moller, Pal, Brennhovd, Bjorn, Medvik, Heidi, Hanslien, Eldbjorg, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Teixeira, Manuel, Maia, Sofia, Peixoto, Ana, Henrique, Rui, Oliveira, Jorge, Goncalves, Nuno, Araujo, Luis, Seixas, Manuela, Souto, Joao Paulo, Nogueira, Pedro, Copakova, Lucia, Zgajnar, Janez, Krajc, Mateja, Vrecar, Alenka, Capella, Gabriel, Ramon y Cajal, Teresa, Fisas, David, Mora, Josefina, Esquena, Salvador, Balmana, Judith, Morote, Juan, Liljegren, Annelie, Hjalm-Eriksson, Marie, Ekdahl, Karl-Johan, Carlsson, Stefan, George, Angela, Kemp, Zoe, Wiggins, Jennifer, Moss, Cathryn, Van As, Nicholas, Thompson, Alan, Ogden, Chris, Woodhouse, Christopher, Kumar, Pardeep, Evans, D Gareth, Bulman, Barbara, Rothwell, Jeanette, Tricker, Karen, Wise, Gillian, Mercer, Catherine, McBride, Donna, Costello, Philandra, Pearce, Allison, Torokwa, Audrey, Paterson, Joan, Clowes, Virginia, Taylor, Amy, Newcombe, Barbara, Walker, Lisa, Halliday, Dorothy, Stayner, Barbara, Fleming-Brown, D, Snape, Katie, Hanson, Helen, Hodgson, Shirley, Brice, Glen, Homfray, Tessa, Hammond, Carrie, Kohut, Kelly, Anjum, Uruj, Dearing, Audrey, Mencias, Mark, Potter, Alison, Renton, Caroline, Searle, Anne, Hill, Kathryn, Goodman, Selina, Garcia, Lynda, Devlin, Gemma, Everest, Sarah, Nadolski, Maria, Douglas, Fiona, Jobson, Irene, Paez, Edgar, Donaldson, Alan, Tomkins, Sue, Langman, Caroline, Jacobs, Chris, Pichert, Gabriella, Shaw, Adam, Kulkarni, Anju, Tripathi, Vishakha, Rose, Sarah, Compton, Cecilia, Watson, Michelle, Reinholtz, Cherylin, Brady, Angela, Dorkins, Huw, Melville, Athalie, Kosicka-Slawinska, Monika, Cummings, Carole, Kiesel, Vicki, Bartlett, Marion, Randhawa, Kashmir, Ellery, Natalie, Side, Lucy, Male, Alison, Simon, Kate, Rees, Katie, Tidey, Lizzie, Gurasashvili, Jana, Nevitt, Louise, Ingram, Stuart, Howell, Alice, Rosario, Derek, Catto, James, Howson, Joanne, Ong, Kai-Ren, Chapman, Cyril, Cole, Trevor, Heaton, Tricia, Hoffman, Jonathan, Burgess, Lucy, Huber, Camilla, Islam, Farah, Watt, Cathy, Duncan, Alexis, Kockelbergh, Roger, Mzazi, Shumikazi, Dineen, Amy, Sattar, Ayisha, Kaemba, Beckie, Sidat, Zahirah, Patel, Nafisa, Siguake, Kas, Birt, Angela, Poultney, Una, Umez-Eronini, Nkem, Mom, Jaswant, Sutton, Vivienne, Cornford, Philip, Bermingham, Nicola, Yesildag, Pembe, Treherne, Katy, Griffiths, Julie, Cogley, Lyn, Gott, Hannah, Rubinstein, Wendy S, Hulick, Peter, McGuire, Michael, Shevrin, Daniel, Kaul, Karen, Weissman, Scott, Newlin, Anna, Vogel, Kristen, Weiss, Shelly, Hook, Nicole, Buys, Saundra, Goldgar, David, Conner, Tom, Venne, Vickie, Stephenson, Robert, Dechet, Christopher, Domchek, Susan, Powers, Jacquelyn, Rustgi, Neil, Strom, Sara, Arun, Banu, Davis, John W, Yamamura, Yuko, Obeid, Elias, Giri, Veda, Gross, Laura, Bealin, Lisa, Cooney, Kathy, Stoffel, Elena, Okoth, Linda, Comm, IMPACT Study Steering, Collaborators, IMPACT, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON), General Practice, Urology, and Clinical Genetics

Subjects
psychosocial, Male, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Urological Oncology, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, #pcsm, RISK PERCEPTION, Anxiety, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, FAMILY-HISTORY, PSA, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Longitudinal Studies, Depressió psíquica, Early Detection of Cancer, POPULATION, Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis, education.field_of_study, Prostate cancer, Depression, Anxiety/etiology, Urology & Nephrology, Middle Aged, Distress, Prostate cancer screening, Mental depression, #ProstateCancer, Estudi de casos, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Cohort, HEALTH, medicine.symptom, Psychosocial, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9], Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, Depression/etiology, Population, HOSPITAL ANXIETY, Early Detection of Cancer/psychology, OVARIAN-CANCER, 03 medical and health sciences, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, BRCA1/2, Internal medicine, Humans, education, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Càncer de pròstata, business.industry, Prostatic Neoplasms, BRCA1, BRCA2, quality of life, Case-Control Studies, Mutation, Perception, Case studies, business, PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To report the baseline results of a longitudinal psychosocial study that forms part of the IMPACT study, a multi-national investigation of targeted prostate cancer (PCa) screening among men with a known pathogenic germline mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Men enrolled in the IMPACT study were invited to complete a questionnaire at collaborating sites prior to each annual screening visit. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics and the following measures: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Impact of Event Scale (IES), 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36), Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer, Cancer Worry Scale-Revised, risk perception and knowledge. The results of the baseline questionnaire are presented. RESULTS:A total of 432 men completed questionnaires: 98 and 160 had mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, respectively, and 174 were controls (familial mutation negative). Participants' perception of PCa risk was influenced by genetic status. Knowledge levels were high and unrelated to genetic status. Mean scores for the HADS and SF-36 were within reported general population norms and mean IES scores were within normal range. IES mean intrusion and avoidance scores were significantly higher in BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers than in controls and were higher in men with increased PCa risk perception. At the multivariate level, risk perception contributed more significantly to variance in IES scores than genetic status. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to report the psychosocial profile of men with BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations undergoing PCa screening. No clinically concerning levels of general or cancer-specific distress or poor quality of life were detected in the cohort as a whole. A small subset of participants reported higher levels of distress, suggesting the need for healthcare professionals offering PCa screening to identify these risk factors and offer additional information and support to men seeking PCa screening.

Published
2019

36. The Accuracy of A Catheterized Residual Urine

Author

Stoller, Marshall L and Millard, Richard J

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Urologic Diseases, Adult, Age Factors, Catheters, Indwelling, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Radiography, Sex Factors, Urinary Bladder, Urinary Catheterization, Urine, Clinical Sciences, Urology & Nephrology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

Residual urine is important in the evaluation of the urological patient. The gold standard to obtain this information is a catheterized specimen. We examined the accuracy of a catheterized value to ascertain whether the bladder was emptied completely. After the bladder was catheterized 10 ml. radiocontrast material were instilled into the bladder to allow radiographic documentation of complete evacuation. We found that 26 per cent of 515 patients evaluated had residual urine after routine attempts were made to evacuate the bladder fully. We conclude that a single residual urine estimate may be inaccurate and one should not always base therapeutic decisions upon any single such measurement.

Published
1989

39. Psychosocial impact of undergoing prostate cancer screening for men with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations

Author

Bancroft, Elizabeth K., Saya, Sibel, Page, Elizabeth C., Myhill, Kathryn, Thomas, Sarah, Pope, Jennifer, Chamberlain, Anthony, Hart, Rachel, Glover, Wayne, Cook, Jackie, Rosario, Derek J., Helfand, Brian T., Selkirk, Christina Hutten, Davidson, Rosemarie, Longmuir, Mark, Eccles, Diana M., Gadea, Neus, Brewer, Carole, Barwell, Julian, Salinas, Monica, Greenhalgh, Lynn, Tischkowitz, Marc, Henderson, Alex, Evans, David Gareth, Buys, Saundra S., Eeles, Rosalind A., Aaronson, Neil K., Eeles, Rosalind, Bancroft, Elizabeth, Page, Elizabeth, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Ardern-Jones, Audrey, Bangma, Chris, Castro, Elena, Dearnaley, David, Falconer, Alison, Foster, Christopher, Gronberg, Henrik, Hamdy, Freddie C., Johannsson, Oskar Thor, Khoo, Vincent, Eccles, Diana, Lilja, Hans, Evans, Gareth, Eyfjord, Jorunn, Lubinski, Jan, Maehle, Lovise, Mikropoulos, Christos, Millner, Alan, Mitra, Anita, Offman, Judith, Moynihan, Clare, Rennert, Gad, Suri, Mohnish, Dias, Alex, Taylor, Natalie, D'Mello, Lucia, Pope, Jenny, James, Paul, Mitchell, Gillian, Shanley, Sue, Richardson, Kate, McKinley, Joanne, Petelin, Lara, Murphy, Morgan, Mascarenhas, Lyon, Murphy, Declan, Lam, Jimmy, Taylor, Louise, Miller, Cathy, Stapleton, Alan, Chong, Michael, Suthers, Graeme, Poplawski, Nicola, Tucker, Katherine, Andrews, Lesley, Duffy, Jessica, Millard, Richard, Ward, Robyn, Williams, Rachel, Stricker, Phillip, Kirk, Judy, Bowman, Michelle, Patel, Manish, Harris, Marion, O'Connell, Shona, Hunt, Clare, Smyth, Courtney, Frydenberg, Mark, Lindeman, Geoffrey, Shackleton, Kylie, Morton, Catherine, Susman, Rachel, McGaughran, Julie, Boon, Melanie, Pachter, Nicholas, Townshend, Sharron, Schofield, Lyn, Nicholls, Cassandra, Spigelman, Allan, Gleeson, Margaret, Amor, David, Burke, Jo, Patterson, Briony, Swindle, Peter, Scott, Rodney, Foulkes, William, Boshari, Talia, Aprikian, Armen, Jensen, Thomas, Bojeson, Anders, Osther, Palle, Skytte, Anne-Bine, Cruger, Dorthe, Tondering, Majbritt Kure, Gerdes, Anne-Marie, Schmutzler, Rita, Rhiem, Kerstin, Wihler, Petra, Kast, K., Griebsch, C., Johannsson, Oskar, Stefansdottir, Vigdis, Murthy, Vedang, Sarin, Rajiv, Awatagiri, Kasturi, Ghonge, Sujata, Kowtal, Pradnya, Mulgund, Gouri, Gallagher, David, Bambury, Richard, Farrell, Michael, Gallagher, Fergal, Kiernan, Ingrid, Friedman, Eitan, Chen-Shtoyerman, Rakefet, Basevitch, Alon, Leibovici, Dan, Melzer, Ehud, Ben-Yehoshua, Sagi Josefsberg, Nicolai, Nicola, Radice, Paolo, Valdagni, Riccardo, Magnani, Tiziana, Gay, Simona, Teo, Soo Hwang, Tan, Hui Meng, Yoon, Sook-Yee, Thong, Meow Keong, Vasen, Hans, Ringleberg, Janneke, van Asperen, Christi, Kiemeney, Bart, van Zelst-Stams, Wendy, Ausems, Margreet G. E. M., van der Luijt, Rob B., van Os, Theo, Ruijs, Marielle W. G., Adank, Muriel A., Oldenburg, Rogier A., Helderman-van den Enden, A. Paula T. J. M., Caanen, B. A. H., Oosterwijk, Jan C., Moller, Pal, Brennhovd, Bjorn, Medvik, Heidi, Hanslien, Eldbjorg, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Teixeira, Manuel, Maia, Sofia, Peixoto, Ana, Henrique, Rui, Oliveira, Jorge, Goncalves, Nuno, Araujo, Luis, Seixas, Manuela, Souto, Joao Paulo, Nogueira, Pedro, Copakova, Lucia, Zgajnar, Janez, Krajc, Mateja, Vrecar, Alenka, Capella, Gabriel, Ramon y Cajal, Teresa, Fisas, David, Mora, Josefina, Esquena, Salvador, Balmana, Judith, Morote, Juan, Liljegren, Annelie, Hjalm-Eriksson, Marie, Ekdahl, Karl-Johan, Carlsson, Stefan, George, Angela, Kemp, Zoe, Wiggins, Jennifer, Moss, Cathryn, Van As, Nicholas, Thompson, Alan, Ogden, Chris, Woodhouse, Christopher, Kumar, Pardeep, Evans, D. Gareth, Bulman, Barbara, Rothwell, Jeanette, Tricker, Karen, Wise, Gillian, Mercer, Catherine, McBride, Donna, Costello, Philandra, Pearce, Allison, Torokwa, Audrey, Paterson, Joan, Clowes, Virginia, Taylor, Amy, Newcombe, Barbara, Walker, Lisa, Halliday, Dorothy, Stayner, Barbara, Fleming-Brown, D., Snape, Katie, Hanson, Helen, Hodgson, Shirley, Brice, Glen, Homfray, Tessa, Hammond, Carrie, Kohut, Kelly, Anjum, Uruj, Dearing, Audrey, Mencias, Mark, Potter, Alison, Renton, Caroline, Searle, Anne, Hill, Kathryn, Goodman, Selina, Garcia, Lynda, Devlin, Gemma, Everest, Sarah, Nadolski, Maria, Douglas, Fiona, Jobson, Irene, Paez, Edgar, Donaldson, Alan, Tomkins, Sue, Langman, Caroline, Jacobs, Chris, Pichert, Gabriella, Shaw, Adam, Kulkarni, Anju, Tripathi, Vishakha, Rose, Sarah, Compton, Cecilia, Watson, Michelle, Reinholtz, Cherylin, Brady, Angela, Dorkins, Huw, Melville, Athalie, Kosicka-Slawinska, Monika, Cummings, Carole, Kiesel, Vicki, Bartlett, Marion, Randhawa, Kashmir, Ellery, Natalie, Side, Lucy, Male, Alison, Simon, Kate, Rees, Katie, Tidey, Lizzie, Gurasashvili, Jana, Nevitt, Louise, Ingram, Stuart, Howell, Alice, Rosario, Derek, Catto, James, Howson, Joanne, Ong, Kai-Ren, Chapman, Cyril, Cole, Trevor, Heaton, Tricia, Hoffman, Jonathan, Burgess, Lucy, Huber, Camilla, Islam, Farah, Watt, Cathy, Duncan, Alexis, Kockelbergh, Roger, Mzazi, Shumikazi, Dineen, Amy, Sattar, Ayisha, Kaemba, Beckie, Sidat, Zahirah, Patel, Nafisa, Siguake, Kas, Birt, Angela, Poultney, Una, Umez-Eronini, Nkem, Mom, Jaswant, Sutton, Vivienne, Cornford, Philip, Bermingham, Nicola, Yesildag, Pembe, Treherne, Katy, Griffiths, Julie, Cogley, Lyn, Gott, Hannah, Rubinstein, Wendy S., Hulick, Peter, McGuire, Michael, Shevrin, Daniel, Kaul, Karen, Weissman, Scott, Newlin, Anna, Vogel, Kristen, Weiss, Shelly, Hook, Nicole, Buys, Saundra, Goldgar, David, Conner, Tom, Venne, Vickie, Stephenson, Robert, Dechet, Christopher, Domchek, Susan, Powers, Jacquelyn, Rustgi, Neil, Strom, Sara, Arun, Banu, Davis, John W., Yamamura, Yuko, Obeid, Elias, Giri, Veda, Gross, Laura, Bealin, Lisa, Cooney, Kathy, Stoffel, Elena, Okoth, Linda, Bancroft, Elizabeth K., Saya, Sibel, Page, Elizabeth C., Myhill, Kathryn, Thomas, Sarah, Pope, Jennifer, Chamberlain, Anthony, Hart, Rachel, Glover, Wayne, Cook, Jackie, Rosario, Derek J., Helfand, Brian T., Selkirk, Christina Hutten, Davidson, Rosemarie, Longmuir, Mark, Eccles, Diana M., Gadea, Neus, Brewer, Carole, Barwell, Julian, Salinas, Monica, Greenhalgh, Lynn, Tischkowitz, Marc, Henderson, Alex, Evans, David Gareth, Buys, Saundra S., Eeles, Rosalind A., Aaronson, Neil K., Eeles, Rosalind, Bancroft, Elizabeth, Page, Elizabeth, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Ardern-Jones, Audrey, Bangma, Chris, Castro, Elena, Dearnaley, David, Falconer, Alison, Foster, Christopher, Gronberg, Henrik, Hamdy, Freddie C., Johannsson, Oskar Thor, Khoo, Vincent, Eccles, Diana, Lilja, Hans, Evans, Gareth, Eyfjord, Jorunn, Lubinski, Jan, Maehle, Lovise, Mikropoulos, Christos, Millner, Alan, Mitra, Anita, Offman, Judith, Moynihan, Clare, Rennert, Gad, Suri, Mohnish, Dias, Alex, Taylor, Natalie, D'Mello, Lucia, Pope, Jenny, James, Paul, Mitchell, Gillian, Shanley, Sue, Richardson, Kate, McKinley, Joanne, Petelin, Lara, Murphy, Morgan, Mascarenhas, Lyon, Murphy, Declan, Lam, Jimmy, Taylor, Louise, Miller, Cathy, Stapleton, Alan, Chong, Michael, Suthers, Graeme, Poplawski, Nicola, Tucker, Katherine, Andrews, Lesley, Duffy, Jessica, Millard, Richard, Ward, Robyn, Williams, Rachel, Stricker, Phillip, Kirk, Judy, Bowman, Michelle, Patel, Manish, Harris, Marion, O'Connell, Shona, Hunt, Clare, Smyth, Courtney, Frydenberg, Mark, Lindeman, Geoffrey, Shackleton, Kylie, Morton, Catherine, Susman, Rachel, McGaughran, Julie, Boon, Melanie, Pachter, Nicholas, Townshend, Sharron, Schofield, Lyn, Nicholls, Cassandra, Spigelman, Allan, Gleeson, Margaret, Amor, David, Burke, Jo, Patterson, Briony, Swindle, Peter, Scott, Rodney, Foulkes, William, Boshari, Talia, Aprikian, Armen, Jensen, Thomas, Bojeson, Anders, Osther, Palle, Skytte, Anne-Bine, Cruger, Dorthe, Tondering, Majbritt Kure, Gerdes, Anne-Marie, Schmutzler, Rita, Rhiem, Kerstin, Wihler, Petra, Kast, K., Griebsch, C., Johannsson, Oskar, Stefansdottir, Vigdis, Murthy, Vedang, Sarin, Rajiv, Awatagiri, Kasturi, Ghonge, Sujata, Kowtal, Pradnya, Mulgund, Gouri, Gallagher, David, Bambury, Richard, Farrell, Michael, Gallagher, Fergal, Kiernan, Ingrid, Friedman, Eitan, Chen-Shtoyerman, Rakefet, Basevitch, Alon, Leibovici, Dan, Melzer, Ehud, Ben-Yehoshua, Sagi Josefsberg, Nicolai, Nicola, Radice, Paolo, Valdagni, Riccardo, Magnani, Tiziana, Gay, Simona, Teo, Soo Hwang, Tan, Hui Meng, Yoon, Sook-Yee, Thong, Meow Keong, Vasen, Hans, Ringleberg, Janneke, van Asperen, Christi, Kiemeney, Bart, van Zelst-Stams, Wendy, Ausems, Margreet G. E. M., van der Luijt, Rob B., van Os, Theo, Ruijs, Marielle W. G., Adank, Muriel A., Oldenburg, Rogier A., Helderman-van den Enden, A. Paula T. J. M., Caanen, B. A. H., Oosterwijk, Jan C., Moller, Pal, Brennhovd, Bjorn, Medvik, Heidi, Hanslien, Eldbjorg, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Teixeira, Manuel, Maia, Sofia, Peixoto, Ana, Henrique, Rui, Oliveira, Jorge, Goncalves, Nuno, Araujo, Luis, Seixas, Manuela, Souto, Joao Paulo, Nogueira, Pedro, Copakova, Lucia, Zgajnar, Janez, Krajc, Mateja, Vrecar, Alenka, Capella, Gabriel, Ramon y Cajal, Teresa, Fisas, David, Mora, Josefina, Esquena, Salvador, Balmana, Judith, Morote, Juan, Liljegren, Annelie, Hjalm-Eriksson, Marie, Ekdahl, Karl-Johan, Carlsson, Stefan, George, Angela, Kemp, Zoe, Wiggins, Jennifer, Moss, Cathryn, Van As, Nicholas, Thompson, Alan, Ogden, Chris, Woodhouse, Christopher, Kumar, Pardeep, Evans, D. Gareth, Bulman, Barbara, Rothwell, Jeanette, Tricker, Karen, Wise, Gillian, Mercer, Catherine, McBride, Donna, Costello, Philandra, Pearce, Allison, Torokwa, Audrey, Paterson, Joan, Clowes, Virginia, Taylor, Amy, Newcombe, Barbara, Walker, Lisa, Halliday, Dorothy, Stayner, Barbara, Fleming-Brown, D., Snape, Katie, Hanson, Helen, Hodgson, Shirley, Brice, Glen, Homfray, Tessa, Hammond, Carrie, Kohut, Kelly, Anjum, Uruj, Dearing, Audrey, Mencias, Mark, Potter, Alison, Renton, Caroline, Searle, Anne, Hill, Kathryn, Goodman, Selina, Garcia, Lynda, Devlin, Gemma, Everest, Sarah, Nadolski, Maria, Douglas, Fiona, Jobson, Irene, Paez, Edgar, Donaldson, Alan, Tomkins, Sue, Langman, Caroline, Jacobs, Chris, Pichert, Gabriella, Shaw, Adam, Kulkarni, Anju, Tripathi, Vishakha, Rose, Sarah, Compton, Cecilia, Watson, Michelle, Reinholtz, Cherylin, Brady, Angela, Dorkins, Huw, Melville, Athalie, Kosicka-Slawinska, Monika, Cummings, Carole, Kiesel, Vicki, Bartlett, Marion, Randhawa, Kashmir, Ellery, Natalie, Side, Lucy, Male, Alison, Simon, Kate, Rees, Katie, Tidey, Lizzie, Gurasashvili, Jana, Nevitt, Louise, Ingram, Stuart, Howell, Alice, Rosario, Derek, Catto, James, Howson, Joanne, Ong, Kai-Ren, Chapman, Cyril, Cole, Trevor, Heaton, Tricia, Hoffman, Jonathan, Burgess, Lucy, Huber, Camilla, Islam, Farah, Watt, Cathy, Duncan, Alexis, Kockelbergh, Roger, Mzazi, Shumikazi, Dineen, Amy, Sattar, Ayisha, Kaemba, Beckie, Sidat, Zahirah, Patel, Nafisa, Siguake, Kas, Birt, Angela, Poultney, Una, Umez-Eronini, Nkem, Mom, Jaswant, Sutton, Vivienne, Cornford, Philip, Bermingham, Nicola, Yesildag, Pembe, Treherne, Katy, Griffiths, Julie, Cogley, Lyn, Gott, Hannah, Rubinstein, Wendy S., Hulick, Peter, McGuire, Michael, Shevrin, Daniel, Kaul, Karen, Weissman, Scott, Newlin, Anna, Vogel, Kristen, Weiss, Shelly, Hook, Nicole, Buys, Saundra, Goldgar, David, Conner, Tom, Venne, Vickie, Stephenson, Robert, Dechet, Christopher, Domchek, Susan, Powers, Jacquelyn, Rustgi, Neil, Strom, Sara, Arun, Banu, Davis, John W., Yamamura, Yuko, Obeid, Elias, Giri, Veda, Gross, Laura, Bealin, Lisa, Cooney, Kathy, Stoffel, Elena, and Okoth, Linda

Abstract

Objectives To report the baseline results of a longitudinal psychosocial study that forms part of the IMPACT study, a multi-national investigation of targeted prostate cancer (PCa) screening among men with a known pathogenic germline mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. Particpants and Methods Men enrolled in the IMPACT study were invited to complete a questionnaire at collaborating sites prior to each annual screening visit. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics and the following measures: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Impact of Event Scale (IES), 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36), Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer, Cancer Worry Scale-Revised, risk perception and knowledge. The results of the baseline questionnaire are presented. Results A total of 432 men completed questionnaires: 98 and 160 had mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, respectively, and 174 were controls (familial mutation negative). Participants' perception of PCa risk was influenced by genetic status. Knowledge levels were high and unrelated to genetic status. Mean scores for the HADS and SF-36 were within reported general population norms and mean IES scores were within normal range. IES mean intrusion and avoidance scores were significantly higher in BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers than in controls and were higher in men with increased PCa risk perception. At the multivariate level, risk perception contributed more significantly to variance in IES scores than genetic status. Conclusion This is the first study to report the psychosocial profile of men with BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations undergoing PCa screening. No clinically concerning levels of general or cancer-specific distress or poor quality of life were detected in the cohort as a whole. A small subset of participants reported higher levels of distress, suggesting the need for healthcare professionals offering PCa screening to identify these risk factors and offer additional information and support to me

Published
2019

42. Ethical dilemmas encountered by Independent Living Service Providers

Author

Wong, Henry D. and Millard, Richard P.

Subjects
Rehabilitation counselors -- Analysis, Disabled services -- Ethical aspects
Abstract

Ethical dilemmas encountered by Independent Living Service Providers (ILSPs) were examined. Findings revealed that there is a pressing need for ILSPs to undergo ethics pre-service and in-service training before they undertake their missions so that they can develop the much-needed skills in solving ethical problems. Since the nature of the programs' missions, the funding sources and ILSPs' perceptions may be contradictory to consumers' choices, ILSPs cannot avoid situations that call for ethical judgment., Emergence of the independent living paradigm indicated that the perceptual problem of disability is attributable to the environment and societal values, rather than within the person with a disability. Solutions [...]

Published
1992

43. Ethical principles and American public policy on disability

Author

Rubin, Stanford E. and Millard, Richard P.

Subjects
Disabled persons -- Laws, regulations and rules, Public policy (Law) -- Ethical aspects, Disability -- Ethical aspects
Abstract

Three ethical principles have influenced public policy regarding disability, namely beneficence (doing good for others), autonomy (respect for an individual's freedom of choice and action), and justice. Programs authorized by disability legislation usually reflect or incorporate these principles. Current policy appears to focus on beneficence rather than autonomy, as disability payments compensating for loss of income are far higher than monies used for rehabilitation. The financial dominance of the income maintenance programs suggests that the disabled are perceived as a subgroup of the deserving poor with little capacity for self-support, who are not fully able to participate in society. The income maintenance and rehabilitation programs, although both necessary, are philosophically incompatible. The former reinforces dependency and provides disincentives to work, as income may actually decrease if recipients become employed, while the latter enhances self-esteem, self-sufficiency, and the perception of the disabled as employable. The purpose of the 1973 Rehabilitation Act was to maximize the employability, independence, and workplace and community integration of handicapped individuals. Although most citizens would agree with this admirable purpose, most are unwilling to support the financial outlays needed to assist most disabled individuals or to make environmental changes (e.g. ramps, modifications to elevators), unless the disabled are perceived as capable of making a contribution to society. Thus, the public's perceptions of the handicapped population's capabilities directly affect the availability of fair opportunities for the handicapped, as demonstrated in the provision of funds for autonomy-driven rehabilitation programs. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.), Three ethical principles (e.g., autonomy, beneficence, and justice) that have influenced the shape of American public policy on disability are discussed, and the counterproductive imbalance between two of those ethical [...]

Published
1991

48. Assessing the Quality of Innovative Graduate Programs

Author

Millard, Richard

Abstract

Dealing effectively with the issue of quality assessment in innovative graduate programs involves having a clear idea of what is meant by "quality," of the range of "graduate education," and of what constitutes "innovation." (MLW)

Published
1984
Full Text
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49. Whither Accreditation in the Health Professions?

Author

Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

The proliferation of accrediting agencies, agencies overreaching their authority, and the changes ahead in professional accreditation in the health professions are discussed. There are almost as many accrediting groups in the health-related areas as in all other areas combined. (MLW)

Published
1984

50. Accreditation.

Author

Millard, Richard M.

Abstract

Effective use of accreditation as it continues to evolve is important to maintain educational quality. How accreditation developed its characteristics, use of standards, and conception of quality are discussed. (Author/MLW)

Published
1983
Full Text
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