35 results on '"Milazzo, Mark"'
Search Results
2. Liver function test abnormalities in a longitudinal cohort of Thai individuals treated since acute HIV infection
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Peluso, Michael J, Colby, Donn J, Pinyakorn, Suteeraporn, Ubolyam, Sasiwimol, Intasan, Jintana, Trichavaroj, Rapee, Chomchey, Nitiya, Prueksakaew, Peeriya, Slike, Bonnie M, Krebs, Shelly J, Jian, Ningbo, Robb, Merlin L, Phanuphak, Praphan, Phanuphak, Nittaya, Spudich, Serena, Ananworanich, Jintanat, Kroon, Eugène, Teeratakulpisarn, Nipat, Pattanachaiwit, Supanit, Sacdalan, Carlo, Sriplienchan, Somchai, de Souza, Mark, Tantivitayakul, Ponpen, Poltavee, Kultida, Luekasemsuk, Tassanee, Savadsuk, Hathairat, Tipsuk, Somporn, Puttamsawin, Suwanna, Benjapornpong, Khunthalee, Ratnaratorn, Nisakorn, Tangnaree, Kamonkan, Munkong, Chutharat, Thaimanee, Rommanus, Eamyoung, Patcharin, Buranapraditkun, Supranee, Lerdlum, Sukalya, Manasnayakorn, Sopark, Rerknimitr, Rugsun, Sirivichayakul, Sunee, Wattanaboonyongcharoen, Phandee, Suttichom, Duanghathai, O'Connell, Robert, Schuetz, Alexandra, Hsu, Denise, Akapirat, Siriwat, Nuntapinit, Bessara, Tantibul, Nantana, Churikanont, Nampueng, Getchalarat, Saowanit, Michael, Nelson, Vasan, Sandhya, Crowell, Trevor, Turk, Ellen, McCullough, Corinne, Butterworth, Oratai, Milazzo, Mark, and Anne Eller, Leigh
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Medical Microbiology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,Digestive Diseases ,Clinical Research ,Infectious Diseases ,Liver Disease ,HIV/AIDS ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Aetiology ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adult ,Alanine Transaminase ,Alkynes ,Benzoxazines ,Cohort Studies ,Cyclopropanes ,Female ,HIV Infections ,Humans ,Liver Diseases ,Liver Function Tests ,Male ,Thailand ,Young Adult ,HIV ,acute HIV ,liver function tests ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,antiretroviral agents ,anti-HIV agents ,SEARCH010/RV254 Study Group ,Public Health and Health Services ,Other Medical and Health Sciences ,Clinical sciences ,Epidemiology ,Public health - Abstract
IntroductionLiver disease is a common cause of non-AIDS morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLHIV), but the prevalence and significance of liver function test (LFT) abnormalities in early HIV infection is unknown. This study aimed to characterize LFTs in a large cohort of participants with acute HIV infection initiating immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) and examine the association between LFTs and biomarkers of HIV infection and inflammation.MethodsWe measured LFTs at the time of HIV diagnosis and at 4, 12, 24 and 48 weeks after ART initiation in 426 Thai individuals with acute HIV infection from 2009 to 2018. A subset of individuals had data available at 96 and 144 weeks. We excluded individuals with concomitant viral hepatitis. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was the primary outcome of interest; values greater than 1.25 times the upper limit of normal were considered elevated. Analyses utilized descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsSixty-six of the 426 individuals (15.5%) had abnormal baseline ALT levels; the majority (43/66, 65.5%) had Grade 1 elevations. Elevated baseline ALT correlated with Fiebig stages III to V (p = 0.001) and baseline HIV RNA >6 log10 copies/mL (p = 0.012). Baseline elevations resolved by 48 weeks on ART in 59 of the 66 individuals (89%). ALT elevations at 24 and 48 weeks correlated with Fiebig stages I to II at diagnosis (p 350 cells/μL (p = 0.03) and older age (p = 0.03). Individuals initiating efavirenz-based regimens were more likely to have elevated ALT levels at 48 weeks compared with those on non-efavirenz-based regimens (p = 0.003).ConclusionsOne in six people with acute HIV infection have elevated LFTs. Clinical outcomes with ART started in acute HIV are generally good, with resolution of ALT elevations within 48 weeks on ART in most cases. These results suggest a multifactorial model for hepatic injury involving a combination of HIV-associated and ART-associated processes, which may change over time.
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- 2020
3. Emergence of Individual HIV-Specific CD8 T Cell Responses during Primary HIV-1 Infection Can Determine Long-Term Disease Outcome
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Streeck, Hendrik, Lu, Richard, Beckwith, Noor, Milazzo, Mark, Liu, Michelle, Routy, Jean-Pierre, Little, Susan, Jessen, Heiko, Kelleher, Anthony D, Hecht, Frederick, Sekaly, Rafick-Pierre, Alter, Galit, Heckerman, David, Carrington, Mary, Rosenberg, Eric S, and Altfeld, Marcus
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Clinical Research ,Infectious Diseases ,HIV/AIDS ,2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay ,Female ,HIV Infections ,HIV-1 ,Humans ,Interferon-gamma ,Longitudinal Studies ,Male ,Time Factors ,Treatment Outcome ,Viral Load ,Biological Sciences ,Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Virology - Abstract
UnlabelledEvents during primary HIV-1 infection have been shown to be critical for the subsequent rate of disease progression. Early control of viral replication, resolution of clinical symptoms and development of a viral set point have been associated with the emergence of HIV-specific CD8 T cell responses. Here we assessed which particular HIV-specific CD8 T cell responses contribute to long-term control of HIV-1. A total of 620 individuals with primary HIV-1 infection were screened by gamma interferon (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay for HLA class I-restricted, epitope-specific CD8 T cell responses using optimally defined epitopes approximately 2 months after initial presentation. The cohort was predominantly male (97%) and Caucasian (83%) (Fiebig stages II/III [n = 157], IV [n = 64], V [n = 286], and VI [n = 88] and Fiebig stage not determined [n = 25]). Longitudinal viral loads, CD4 count, and time to ART were collected for all patients. We observed strong associations between viral load at baseline (initial viremia) and the established early viral set points (P < 0.0001). Both were significantly associated with HLA class I genotypes (P = 0.0009). While neither the breadth nor the magnitude of HIV-specific CD8 T cell responses showed an influence on the early viral set point, a broader HIV-specific CD8 T cell response targeting epitopes within HIV-1 Gag during primary HIV-1 infection was associated with slower disease progression. Moreover, the induction of certain HIV-specific CD8 T cell responses--but not others--significantly influenced the time to ART initiation. Individual epitope-specific CD8 T cell responses contribute significantly to HIV-1 disease control, demonstrating that the specificity of the initial HIV-specific CD8 T cell response rather than the restricting HLA class I molecule alone is a critical determinant of antiviral function.ImportanceUnderstanding which factors are involved in the control of HIV-1 infection is critical for the design of therapeutic strategies for patients living with HIV/AIDS. Here, using a cohort of over 600 individuals with acute and early HIV-1 infection, we assessed in unprecedented detail the individual contribution of epitope-specific CD8 T cell responses directed against HIV-1 to control of viremia and their impact on the overall course of disease progression.
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- 2014
4. Safety and efficacy of VRC01 broadly neutralising antibodies in adults with acutely treated HIV (RV397): a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
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Ake, Julie A., Akapirat, Siriwat, Bose, Meera, Cale, Evan, Chan, Phillip, Chanthaburanun, Sararut, Churikanont, Nampueng, Dawson, Peter, Dumrongpisutikul, Netsiri, Getchalarat, Saowanit, Jongrakthaitae, Surat, Jongsakul, Krisada, Lerdlum, Sukalaya, Manasnayakorn, Sopark, McCullough, Corinne, Milazzo, Mark, Nuntapinit, Bessara, On, Kier, Ouellette, Madelaine, Phanuphak, Praphan, Sanders-Buell, Eric, Sangnoi, Nongluck, Shangguan, Shida, Sirivichayakul, Sunee, Tragonlugsana, Nipattra, Trichavaroj, Rapee, Ubolyam, Sasiwimol, Vasan, Sandhya, Wattanaboonyongcharoen, Phandee, Yamchuenpong, Thipvadee, Crowell, Trevor A, Colby, Donn J, Pinyakorn, Suteeraporn, Sacdalan, Carlo, Pagliuzza, Amélie, Intasan, Jintana, Benjapornpong, Khunthalee, Tangnaree, Kamonkan, Chomchey, Nitiya, Kroon, Eugène, de Souza, Mark S, Tovanabutra, Sodsai, Rolland, Morgane, Eller, Michael A, Paquin-Proulx, Dominic, Bolton, Diane L, Tokarev, Andrey, Thomas, Rasmi, Takata, Hiroshi, Trautmann, Lydie, Krebs, Shelly J, Modjarrad, Kayvon, McDermott, Adrian B, Bailer, Robert T, Doria-Rose, Nicole, Patel, Bijal, Gorelick, Robert J, Fullmer, Brandie A, Schuetz, Alexandra, Grandin, Pornsuk V, O'Connell, Robert J, Ledgerwood, Julie E, Graham, Barney S, Tressler, Randall, Mascola, John R, Chomont, Nicolas, Michael, Nelson L, Robb, Merlin L, Phanuphak, Nittaya, and Ananworanich, Jintanat
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- 2019
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5. Next-generation sequencing of HIV-1 single genome amplicons
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Kijak, Gustavo H., Sanders-Buell, Eric, Pham, Phuc, Harbolick, Elizabeth A., Oropeza, Celina, O’Sullivan, Anne Marie, Bose, Meera, Beckett, Charmagne G., Milazzo, Mark, Robb, Merlin L., Peel, Sheila A., Scott, Paul T., Michael, Nelson L., Armstrong, Adam W., Kim, Jerome H., Brett-Major, David M., and Tovanabutra, Sodsai
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- 2019
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6. Safety and Immunogenicity of PENNVAX-G DNA Prime Administered by Biojector 2000 or CELLECTRA Electroporation Device With Modified Vaccinia Ankara-CMDR Boost
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Ake, Julie A., Schuetz, Alexandra, Pegu, Poonam, Wieczorek, Lindsay, Eller, Michael A., Kibuuka, Hannah, Sawe, Fredrick, Maboko, Leonard, Polonis, Victoria, Karasavva, Nicos, Weiner, David, Sekiziyivu, Arthur, Kosgei, Josphat, Missanga, Marco, Kroidl, Arne, Mann, Philipp, Ratto-Kim, Silvia, Eller, Leigh Anne, Earl, Patricia, Moss, Bernard, Dorsey-Spitz, Julie, Milazzo, Mark, Ouedraogo, G. Laissa, Rizvi, Farrukh, Yan, Jian, Khan, Amir S., Peel, Sheila, Sardesai, Niranjan Y., Michael, Nelson L., Ngauy, Viseth, Marovich, Mary, and Robb, Merlin L.
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- 2017
7. HIV prevalence and awareness among adults presenting for enrolment into a study of people at risk for HIV in Kisumu County, Western Kenya.
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Sing'oei, Valentine, Nwoga, Chiaka, Yates, Adam, Owuoth, John, Otieno, June, Broach, Erica, Li, Qun, Hassen, Zebiba, Imbach, Michelle, Milazzo, Mark, Mebrahtu, Tsedal, Robb, Merlin L., Ake, Julie A., Polyak, Christina S., and Crowell, Trevor A.
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HIV ,DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections ,HIV infection transmission ,AT-risk people ,HIV prevention ,POISSON regression - Abstract
Introduction: Despite declines in new HIV diagnoses both globally and in Kenya, parts of Western Kenya still report high HIV prevalence and incidence. We evaluated HIV prevalence to inform the development of policies for strategic and targeted HIV prevention interventions. Methods: Adult participants aged 18–35 years were recruited in Kisumu County and screened for HIV for a prospective HIV incidence cohort. Questionnaires assessed HIV-associated risk behaviors. Participants who tested positive for HIV were disaggregated into groups based on prior knowledge of their HIV status: previously-diagnosed and newly-diagnosed. In separate analyses by prior knowledge, robust Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors potentially associated with a positive HIV test in each group, as compared to participants without HIV. Results: Of 1059 participants tested for HIV, 196 (18.5%) had a positive HIV test. Among PLWH, 78 (39.8%) were newly diagnosed with HIV at screening. After adjusting for other variables, previously-diagnosed HIV was more common among females than males (PR 2.70, 95%CI 1.69–4.28), but there was no observed sex difference in newly-diagnosed HIV prevalence (PR 1.05, 95%CI 0.65–1.69). Previously-diagnosed HIV was also more common among people reporting consistent use of condoms with primary sexual partners as compared to inconsistent condom use (PR 3.19, 95%CI 2.09–4.86), but newly-diagnosed HIV was not associated with such a difference between consistent and inconsistent condom use (PR 0.73, 95%CI 0.25–2.10). Conclusion: Prevalence of newly-diagnosed HIV was high, at approximately 8% of participants, and not statistically different between genders, highlighting the need for improved HIV case finding regardless of sex. The higher prevalence of previously-diagnosed HIV in female participants may reflect higher rates of HIV testing through more encounters with the healthcare system. Higher prevalence of consistent condom use amongst those previously-diagnosed suggests behavioral change to reduce HIV transmission, a potential benefit of policies to facilitate earlier HIV diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. New Subtype B Containing HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant of sub-Saharan Africa Origin in Nigerian Men Who Have Sex With Men
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Billings, Erik, Kijak, Gustavo H., Sanders-Buell, Eric, Ndembi, Nicaise, OʼSullivan, Anne Marie, Adebajo, Sylvia, Kokogho, Afoke, Milazzo, Mark, Lombardi, Kara, Baral, Stefan, Nowak, Rebecca, Ramadhani, Habib, Gramzinski, Robert, Robb, Merlin L., Michael, Nelson L., Charurat, Manhattan E., Ake, Julie, Crowell, Trevor A., and Tovanabutra, Sodsai
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- 2019
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9. Prospective screening for sexually transmitted infections among US service members with Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection
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Bedno, Sheryl, primary, Hakre, Shilpa, additional, Clark, Shannon, additional, Dear, Nicole, additional, Milazzo, Mark, additional, McCoart, Amy, additional, Hassen, Zebiba, additional, Liu, Heather, additional, Bianchi, Elizabeth J., additional, Darden, Janice M., additional, Paudel, Misti, additional, Malia, Jennifer A., additional, Peel, Sheila A., additional, Scott, Paul T., additional, and Petruccelli, Bruno, additional
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- 2023
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10. HIV Type 1 Disease Progression to AIDS and Death in a Rural Ugandan Cohort Is Primarily Dependent on Viral Load Despite Variable Subtype and T-Cell Immune Activation Levels
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Eller, Michael A., Opollo, Marc S., Liu, Michelle, Redd, Andrew D., Eller, Leigh Anne, Kityo, Cissy, Kayiwa, Joshua, Laeyendecker, Oliver, Wawer, Maria J., Milazzo, Mark, Kiwanuka, Noah, Gray, Ronald H., Serwadda, David, Sewankambo, Nelson K., Quinn, Thomas, Michael, Nelson L., Wabwire-Mangen, Fred, Sandberg, Johan K., and Robb, Merlin L.
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- 2015
11. Long-term antiretroviral therapy initiated in acute HIV infection prevents residual dysfunction of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells
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Takata, Hiroshi, primary, Kakazu, Juyeon C., additional, Mitchell, Julie L., additional, Kroon, Eugene, additional, Colby, Donn J., additional, Sacdalan, Carlo, additional, Bai, Hongjun, additional, Ehrenberg, Philip K., additional, Geretz, Aviva, additional, Buranapraditkun, Supranee, additional, Pinyakorn, Suteeraporn, additional, Intasan, Jintana, additional, Tipsuk, Somporn, additional, Suttichom, Duanghathai, additional, Prueksakaew, Peeriya, additional, Chalermchai, Thep, additional, Chomchey, Nitiya, additional, Phanuphak, Nittaya, additional, de Souza, Mark, additional, Michael, Nelson L., additional, Robb, Merlin L., additional, Haddad, Elias K., additional, Crowell, Trevor A, additional, Vasan, Sandhya, additional, Valcour, Victor G., additional, Douek, Daniel C., additional, Thomas, Rasmi, additional, Rolland, Morgane, additional, Chomont, Nicolas, additional, Ananworanich, Jintanat, additional, Trautmann, Lydie, additional, Teeratakulpisarn, Nipat, additional, Pattanachaiwit, Supanit, additional, Sriplienchan, Somchai, additional, Tantivitayakul, Ponpen, additional, Kanaprach, Ratchapong, additional, Ruxrungtham, Kiat, additional, Dumrongpisutikul, Netsiri, additional, Rojnuckarin, Ponlapat, additional, Chottanapund, Suthat, additional, Poltavee, Kultida, additional, Luekasemsuk, Tassanee, additional, Savadsuk, Hathairat, additional, Puttamsawin, Suwanna, additional, Benjapornpong, Khunthalee, additional, Ratnaratorn, Nisakorn, additional, Tangnaree, Kamonkan, additional, Munkong, Chutharat, additional, Thaimanee, Rommanus, additional, Eamyoung, Patcharin, additional, Ubolyam, Sasiwimol, additional, Lerdlum, Sukalya, additional, Manasnayakorn, Sopark, additional, Rerknimitr, Rugsun, additional, Sirivichayakul, Sunee, additional, Wattanaboonyongcharoen, Phandee, additional, Cowden, Jessica, additional, Schuetz, Alexandra, additional, Akapirat, Siriwat, additional, Churikanont, Nampueng, additional, Getchalarat, Saowanit, additional, Hsu, Denise, additional, Turk, Ellen, additional, Butterworth, Oratai, additional, Milazzo, Mark, additional, Eller, Leigh Anne, additional, Ake, Julie, additional, Spudich, Serena, additional, Fox, CAPT Lawrence, additional, Ratto-Kim, Silvia, additional, DeGruttola, Victor, additional, Chinvarun, Yotin, additional, Sithinamsuwan, Pasiri, additional, Fletcher, James, additional, and Shiramizu, Bruce, additional
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- 2022
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12. Prospective Study of Acute HIV-1 Infection in Adults in East Africa and Thailand
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Robb, Merlin L., Eller, Leigh A., Kibuuka, Hannah, Rono, Kathleen, Maganga, Lucas, Nitayaphan, Sorachai, Kroon, Eugene, Sawe, Fred K., Sinei, Samuel, Sriplienchan, Somchai, Jagodzinski, Linda L., Malia, Jennifer, Manak, Mark, de Souza, Mark S., Tovanabutra, Sodsai, Sanders-Buell, Eric, Rolland, Morgane, Dorsey-Spitz, Julie, Eller, Michael A., Milazzo, Mark, Li, Qun, Lewandowski, Andrew, Wu, Hao, Swann, Edith, OʼConnell, Robert J., Peel, Sheila, Dawson, Peter, Kim, Jerome H., and Michael, Nelson L.
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- 2016
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13. Long-term efficacy of routine access to antiretroviral-resistance testing in HIV type 1-infected patients: results of the Clinical Efficacy of Resistance Testing Trial
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Wegner, Scott A., Wallace, Mark R., Aronson, Naomi E., Tasker, Sybil A., Blazes, David L., Tamminga, Cindy, Fraser, Susan, Dolan, Matthew J., Stephan, Kevin T., Michael, Nelson L., Jagodzinski, Linda L., Vahey, Maryanne T., Gilcrest, Joyce L., Tracy, LaRee, Milazzo, Mark J., Murphy, Daniel J., McKenna, Paula, Hertogs, Kurt, Rinehart, Alex, Larder, Brendan, and Birx, Deborah L.
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Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2004
14. Determining hematological, biochemical and immunological reference values in healthy adults with high-risk for HIV acquisition in Mozambique
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Cumbane, Victória, primary, Imbach, Michelle, additional, Chissumba, Raquel Matavele, additional, Macicame, Ivalda, additional, Eller, Leigh Anne, additional, Lawlor, John, additional, Milazzo, Mark, additional, Li, Qun, additional, Crowell, Trevor, additional, Mutombene, Mirna, additional, Guiliche, Onélia, additional, Viegas, Edna, additional, Nwoga, Chiaka, additional, Yates, Adam, additional, Michael, Nelson, additional, Robb, Merlin, additional, Polyak, Christina S., additional, Jani, Ilesh V., additional, and Bhatt, Nilesh, additional
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- 2020
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15. Routine HIV clinic visit adherence in the African Cohort Study.
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Dear, Nicole, Esber, Allahna, Iroezindu, Michael, Bahemana, Emmanuel, Kibuuka, Hannah, Maswai, Jonah, Owuoth, John, Polyak, Christina S., Ake, Julie A., Crowell, Trevor A., the AFRICOS Study Group, Bartolanzo, Danielle, Reynolds, Alexus, Song, Katherine, Milazzo, Mark, Francisco, Leilani, Mankiewicz, Shauna, Schech, Steven, Golway, Alexandra, and Omar, Badryah
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HIV-positive persons ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SELF-evaluation ,VIRAL load ,RISK assessment ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,CD4 lymphocyte count ,PATIENT compliance ,MEDICAL appointments ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,ODDS ratio ,SUB-Saharan Africans ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Background: Retention in clinical care is important for people living with HIV (PLWH). Evidence suggests that missed clinic visits are associated with interruptions in antiretroviral therapy (ART), lower CD4 counts, virologic failure, and overlooked coinfections. We identified factors associated with missed routine clinic visits in the African Cohort Study (AFRICOS). Methods: In 2013, AFRICOS began enrolling people with and without HIV in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Nigeria. At enrollment and every 6 months thereafter, sociodemographic questionnaires are administered and clinical outcomes assessed. Missed clinic visits were measured as the self-reported number of clinic visits missed in the past 6 months and dichotomized into none or one or more visits missed. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between risk factors and missed visits. Results: Between January 2013 and March 2020, 2937 PLWH were enrolled, of whom 2807 (95.6%) had initiated ART and 2771 had complete data available for analyses. Compared to PLWH 50+, missed clinic visits were more common among those 18–29 years (aOR 2.33, 95% CI 1.65–3.29), 30–39 years (aOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.19–2.13), and 40–49 years (aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.07–1.89). As compared to PLWH on ART for < 2 years, those on ART for 4+ years were less likely to have missed clinic visits (aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55–0.95). Missed clinic visits were associated with alcohol use (aOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05–1.70), a history of incarceration (aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.07–1.88), depression (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.13–1.91), and viral non-suppression (aOR 2.50, 95% CI 2.00–3.12). As compared to PLWH who did not miss any ART in the past month, missed clinic visits were more common among those who missed 1–2 days (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.65–2.64) and 3+ days of ART (aOR 7.06, 95% CI 5.43–9.19). Conclusions: Inconsistent clinic attendance is associated with worsened HIV-related outcomes. Strategies to improve visit adherence are especially needed for young PLWH and those with depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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16. Young at risk-people in Maputo City, Mozambique, present a high willingness to participate in HIV trials: Results from an HIV vaccine preparedness cohort study.
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Capitine, Igor P. U., Macicame, Ivalda B., Uanela, Artur M., Bhatt, Nilesh B., Yates, Adam, Milazzo, Mark, Nwoga, Chiaka, Crowell, Trevor A., Michael, Nelson L., Robb, Merlin L., Jani, Ilesh V., Kroidl, Arne, Polyak, Christina S., and De Schacht, Caroline
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AIDS vaccines ,VACCINE trials ,HUMAN sexuality ,GENERALIZED estimating equations ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,HIV infections ,HIV - Abstract
Introduction: Vaccine efficacy testing requires engagement of willing volunteers with high disease incidence. We evaluated factors associated with willingness to participate in potential future HIV vaccine trials in Maputo, Mozambique. Methods: Adults aged 18–35 years without HIV and who reported at least two sexual partners in the 3 months prior to screening were enrolled into a 24-month observational study. They were asked at screening and exit if they would be willing to participate in a theoretical HIV vaccine study. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done between willingness to participate, demographic, sexual behavior, and motivational factors for screening visit data. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors potentially associated with willingness to participate for data from both visits. Results: A total of 577 participants without HIV were eligible, including 275 (48%) women. The mean age was 22.2 (SD ± 3.9) years. At screening 529 (92%) expressed willingness to participate and the proportion remained stable at 378 (88%) of the 430 participants retained through the exit visit (p = 0.209). Helping the country (n = 556) and fear of needles (n = 26) were the top motive and barrier for willingness to participate, respectively. Results from the GEE binary logistic regression (screening visit and exit visit) showed that wanting to learn how to avoid risk behaviors (aOR 3.33, 95% CI: 1.61–6.86) and feeling protected against HIV infection (aOR 2.24, 95% CI: 1.07–4.7) were associated with willingness to participate in HIV vaccine studies. Conclusion: The majority of our study population in Mozambique expressed willingness to participate in a theoretical HIV vaccine trial. Participation in a HIV vaccine trial was seen as a way to contribute to the fight against HIV but was associated with some unrealistic expectations such as protection against HIV. This reinforces the need for continuous mobilization and awareness of potential participants to HIV vaccine trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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17. Effectiveness of highly-active antiretroviral therapy by race/ethnicity
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Silverberg, Michael J, Wegner, Scott A, Milazzo, Mark J, McKaig, Rosemary G, Williams, Carolyn F, Agan, Brian K, Armstrong, Adam W, Gange, Stephen J, Hawkes, Clifton, OʼConnell, Robert J, Ahuja, Sunil K, and Dolan, Matthew J
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- 2006
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18. Incidence and risk factors for the occurrence of non-AIDS-defining cancers among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals
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Burgi, Alina, Brodine, Stephanie, Wegner, Scott, Milazzo, Mark, Wallace, Mark R., Spooner, Katherine, Blazes, David L., Agan, Brian K., Armstrong, Adam, Fraser, Susan, and Crum, Nancy F.
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- 2005
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19. Prevalence and risk factors associated with HIV and syphilis co-infection in the African Cohort Study: a cross-sectional study.
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Gilbert, Laura, Dear, Nicole, Esber, Allahna, Iroezindu, Michael, Bahemana, Emmanuel, Kibuuka, Hannah, Owuoth, John, Maswai, Jonah, Crowell, Trevor A., Polyak, Christina S., Ake, Julie A., the AFRICOS Study Group, Bartolanzo, Danielle, Reynolds, Alexus, Song, Katherine, Milazzo, Mark, Francisco, Leilani, Mankiewicz, Shauna, Schech, Steven, and Golway, Alexandra
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SYPHILIS ,MIXED infections ,HIV-positive persons ,AFRICANA studies ,CROSS-sectional method ,HIV - Abstract
Background: Each year, 5.6 million new syphilis cases are diagnosed globally. Guidelines for people living with HIV (PLWH) in low-income countries (LIC) recommend STI testing for symptomatic persons and those newly diagnosed with HIV; routine STI testing is less clear. Here we provide updated syphilis prevalence and identify co-infection risk factors in PLWH in the African Cohort Study (AFRICOS) to understand these rates as they relate to syndromic treatment.Methods: AFRICOS is a study enrolling PLWH and HIV-uninfected individuals in four African countries. Participant study enrollment information was used to determine syphilis prevalence and co-infection risk factors. Inclusion criteria consisted of adults 18 years or older receiving care at a participating clinic as a long-term resident who consented to data and specimen collection. Exclusion criteria consisted of pregnancy and/or imprisonment. Screen-positive syphilis was defined as a reactive rapid plasma regain (RPR) upon study enrollment whereas confirmed syphilis included a reactive RPR followed by reactive treponemal test. Multivariate analyses was performed to determine HIV and syphilis co-infection risk factors.Results: Between 2013 and March 1, 2020, 2939 PLWH enrolled and 2818 were included for analysis. Screen-positive and confirmed syphilis prevalence were 5.3% (151/2818) and 3.1% (87/2818), respectively. When the analysis was restricted to PLWH with an RPR titer of greater than, or equal to, 1:8, 11/87 (12.6%) participants were included. No PLWH and confirmed syphilis had documented genital ulcers. In the multivariate model, participants with confirmed syphilis co-infection were more likely to have none or some primary education [aOR 3.29 (1.60, 6.74)] and consume alcohol [aOR 1.87 (1.16, 3.03)] compared to those without syphilis. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) with suppressed viral load (VL) was protective in the unadjusted model but not adjusted multivariate model.Conclusions: Our findings show that syphilis rates in sub-Saharan Africa remain elevated where diagnosis remains challenging, and that both lower education level and alcohol consumption are significantly associated with HIV/syphilis co-infection in AFRICOS. Based on our analysis, current STI guidelines targeting testing for African individuals with either new HIV diagnosis or syndromic symptoms may be inadequate, highlighting the need for increased testing and treatment strategies in resource-limited settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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20. HIV-1 seroconversion in United States Army active duty personnel, 1985–1999
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Renzullo, Philip O., Sateren, Warren B., Garner, Robin P., Milazzo, Mark J., Birx, Deborah L., and McNeil, John G.
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- 2001
21. Assessing the impact of HIV support groups on antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in the African cohort study.
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Mbah, Prudence, Iroezindu, Michael, Esber, Allahna L., Dear, Nicole, Reed, Domonique, Adamu, Yakubu, Tiamiyu, Abdulwasiu Bolaji, Mohammed, Samirah Sani, Kibuuka, Hannah, Maswai, Jonah, Owuoth, John, Bahemana, Emmanuel, Ake, Julie A., Polyak, Christina S., Crowell, Trevor A., for the AFRICOS Study Group, Bartolanzo, Danielle, Reynolds, Alexus, Song, Katherine, and Milazzo, Mark
- Subjects
SUPPORT groups ,GROUP psychotherapy ,ANTIRETROVIRAL agents ,HIV-positive persons ,GENERALIZED estimating equations - Abstract
Background: Support groups for people living with HIV (PLWH) may improve HIV care adherence and outcomes. We assessed the impact of support group attendance on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral suppression in four African countries. Methods: The ongoing African Cohort Study (AFRICOS) enrolls participants at 12 clinics in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Nigeria. Self-reported attendance of any support group meetings, self-reported ART adherence, and HIV RNA are assessed every 6 months. Logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for support group attendance and other factors potentially associated with ART adherence and viral suppression. Results: From January 2013 to December 1, 2019, 1959 ART-experienced PLWH were enrolled and 320 (16.3%) reported any support group attendance prior to enrollment. Complete ART adherence, with no missed doses in the last 30 days, was reported by 87.8% while 92.4% had viral suppression <1000copies/mL across all available visits. There was no association between support group attendance and ART adherence in unadjusted (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99–1.03) or adjusted analyses (aOR 1.00, 95% CI 0.98–1.02). Compared to PLWH who did not report support group attendance, those who did had similar odds of viral suppression in unadjusted (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.978–1.01) and adjusted analyses (aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97–1.01). Conclusion: Support group attendance was not associated with significantly improved ART adherence or viral suppression, although low support group uptake may have limited our ability to detect a statistically significant impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. HIV prevalence and risk behavior among male and female adults screened for enrolment into a vaccine preparedness study in Maputo, Mozambique
- Author
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Macicame, Ivalda, primary, Bhatt, Nilesh, additional, Matavele Chissumba, Raquel, additional, Eller, Leigh Anne, additional, Viegas, Edna, additional, Araújo, Khelvon, additional, Nwoga, Chiaka, additional, Li, Qun, additional, Milazzo, Mark, additional, Hills, Nancy K., additional, Lindan, Christina, additional, Michael, Nelson L., additional, Robb, Merlin L., additional, Jani, Ilesh, additional, and Polyak, Christina S., additional
- Published
- 2019
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- View/download PDF
23. Safety and efficacy of VRC01 broadly neutralising antibodies in adults with acutely treated HIV (RV397): a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
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Crowell, Trevor A, primary, Colby, Donn J, additional, Pinyakorn, Suteeraporn, additional, Sacdalan, Carlo, additional, Pagliuzza, Amélie, additional, Intasan, Jintana, additional, Benjapornpong, Khunthalee, additional, Tangnaree, Kamonkan, additional, Chomchey, Nitiya, additional, Kroon, Eugène, additional, de Souza, Mark S, additional, Tovanabutra, Sodsai, additional, Rolland, Morgane, additional, Eller, Michael A, additional, Paquin-Proulx, Dominic, additional, Bolton, Diane L, additional, Tokarev, Andrey, additional, Thomas, Rasmi, additional, Takata, Hiroshi, additional, Trautmann, Lydie, additional, Krebs, Shelly J, additional, Modjarrad, Kayvon, additional, McDermott, Adrian B, additional, Bailer, Robert T, additional, Doria-Rose, Nicole, additional, Patel, Bijal, additional, Gorelick, Robert J, additional, Fullmer, Brandie A, additional, Schuetz, Alexandra, additional, Grandin, Pornsuk V, additional, O'Connell, Robert J, additional, Ledgerwood, Julie E, additional, Graham, Barney S, additional, Tressler, Randall, additional, Mascola, John R, additional, Chomont, Nicolas, additional, Michael, Nelson L, additional, Robb, Merlin L, additional, Phanuphak, Nittaya, additional, Ananworanich, Jintanat, additional, Ake, Julie A., additional, Akapirat, Siriwat, additional, Bose, Meera, additional, Cale, Evan, additional, Chan, Phillip, additional, Chanthaburanun, Sararut, additional, Churikanont, Nampueng, additional, Dawson, Peter, additional, Dumrongpisutikul, Netsiri, additional, Getchalarat, Saowanit, additional, Jongrakthaitae, Surat, additional, Jongsakul, Krisada, additional, Lerdlum, Sukalaya, additional, Manasnayakorn, Sopark, additional, McCullough, Corinne, additional, Milazzo, Mark, additional, Nuntapinit, Bessara, additional, On, Kier, additional, Ouellette, Madelaine, additional, Phanuphak, Praphan, additional, Sanders-Buell, Eric, additional, Sangnoi, Nongluck, additional, Shangguan, Shida, additional, Sirivichayakul, Sunee, additional, Tragonlugsana, Nipattra, additional, Trichavaroj, Rapee, additional, Ubolyam, Sasiwimol, additional, Vasan, Sandhya, additional, Wattanaboonyongcharoen, Phandee, additional, and Yamchuenpong, Thipvadee, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among care-seeking adults in the African Cohort Study.
- Author
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Semwogerere, Michael, Dear, Nicole, Tunnage, Joshua, Reed, Domonique, Kibuuka, Hannah, Kiweewa, Francis, Iroezindu, Michael, Bahemana, Emmanuel, Maswai, Jonah, Owuoth, John, Crowell, Trevor A., Ake, Julie A., Polyak, Christina S., Esber, Allahna, for the AFRICOS Study Group, Bartolanzo, Danielle, Reynolds, Alexus, Song, Katherine, Milazzo, Mark, and Francisco, Leilani
- Subjects
SEXUALLY transmitted diseases ,HIV-positive persons ,SEXUALLY transmitted disease diagnosis ,DISEASE prevalence ,MENTAL health - Abstract
Objectives: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major cause of morbidity. Understanding drivers of transmission can inform effective prevention programs. We describe STI prevalence and identify factors associated with STIs in four African countries.Methods: The African Cohort Study is an ongoing, prospective cohort in Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda. At enrollment, a physical exam was conducted and STI diagnosis made by a clinician using a syndromic management approach. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for factors associated with an STI diagnosis.Results: As of June 2020, 3544 participants were enrolled. STI prevalence was 7.7% and did not differ by HIV status (p = 0.30). Prevalence differed by syndrome (3.5% vaginal discharge, 1.5% genital ulcer, 2.1% lower abdominal pain, 0.2% inguinal bubo). The odds of having an STI were higher at all sites compared to Kisumu West, Kenya, and among those with a primary level education or below compared to those with secondary or higher (aOR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.32-2.38). The odds of an STI diagnosis was higher among participants 18-29 years (aOR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.35-3.87), females (aOR: 2.64; 95% CI: 1.94-3.59), and those with depression (aOR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.32-2.38). Among PLWH, similar factors were independently associated with an STI diagnosis. Viral suppression was protective against STIs (aOR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.32-3.20).Conclusions: Prevalence of STIs varied by site with young people and females most at risk for STIs. Mental health is a potential target area for intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Predictors of HIV-1 disease progression in early- and late-stage patients: the U.S. Army Natural History Cohort
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Gardner, Lytt I., Jr., Brundage, John F., McNeil, John G., Milazzo, Mark J., Redfield, Robert R., Aronson, Naomi E., Craig, D. Baxter, Davis, Charles, Gates, Robert H., Levin, Lynn I., Michael, Rodney A., Oster, Charles N., Ryan, William C., Burke, Donald S., and Tramont, Edmund C.
- Subjects
HIV infection -- Development and progression ,HIV patients -- Health aspects ,Sex factors in disease -- Research ,Disease susceptibility -- Research ,Health - Published
- 1992
26. Look-Back Investigation after Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seroconversion in a Pediatric Dentist
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Longfield, Jenice N., Brundage, John, Badger, Gary, Vire, Donald, Milazzo, Mark, Ray, Karen, Gemmill, Robert, Magruder, Charles, Oster, Charles N., and Roberts, Chester
- Published
- 1994
27. Impact of prior flavivirus immunity on Zika virus infection in rhesus macaques
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McCracken, Michael K., primary, Gromowski, Gregory D., additional, Friberg, Heather L., additional, Lin, Xiaoxu, additional, Abbink, Peter, additional, De La Barrera, Rafael, additional, Eckles, Kenneth H., additional, Garver, Lindsey S., additional, Boyd, Michael, additional, Jetton, David, additional, Barouch, Dan H., additional, Wise, Matthew C., additional, Lewis, Bridget S., additional, Currier, Jeffrey R., additional, Modjarrad, Kayvon, additional, Milazzo, Mark, additional, Liu, Michelle, additional, Mullins, Anna B., additional, Putnak, J. Robert, additional, Michael, Nelson L., additional, Jarman, Richard G., additional, and Thomas, Stephen J., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. An Evaluation of Selected Populations for HIV-1 Vaccine Cohort Development in Nigeria
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Njoku, Ogbonnaya S., primary, Manak, Mark M., additional, O’Connell, Robert J., additional, Shutt, Ashley L. W., additional, Malia, Jennifer A., additional, Heipertz, Richard A., additional, Tovanabutra, Sodsai, additional, Milazzo, Mark J., additional, Akintunde, Gideon Akindiran, additional, Alabi, Abraham S., additional, Suleiman, Aminu, additional, Ogundeji, Amos A., additional, Kene, Terfa S., additional, Nelson, Robbie, additional, Ayemoba, Ojor R., additional, Singer, Darrell E., additional, Robb, Merlin L., additional, Peel, Sheila A., additional, and Michael, Nelson L., additional
- Published
- 2016
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29. Evaluation of Performance of Two Rapid Tests for Detection of HIV-1 and -2 in High- and Low-Prevalence Populations in Nigeria
- Author
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Manak, Mark M., primary, Njoku, Ogbonnaya S., additional, Shutt, Ashley, additional, Malia, Jennifer, additional, Jagodzinski, Linda L., additional, Milazzo, Mark, additional, Suleiman, Aminu, additional, Ogundeji, Amos A., additional, Nelson, Robert, additional, Ayemoba, Ojor R., additional, O'Connell, Robert J., additional, Singer, Darrell E., additional, Michael, Nelson L., additional, and Peel, Sheila A., additional
- Published
- 2015
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30. Phase 1 Study of Safety and Immunogenicity of an Escherichia coli-Derived Recombinant Protective Antigen (rPA) Vaccine to Prevent Anthrax in Adults
- Author
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HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION ROCKVILLE MD, Brown, Bruce K., Cox, Josephine, Gillis, Anita, VanCott, Thomas C., Marovich, Mary, Milazzo, Mark, Antonille, Tanya S., Wieczorek, Lindsay, McKee, Jr., Kelly T., Metcalfe, Karen, HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION ROCKVILLE MD, Brown, Bruce K., Cox, Josephine, Gillis, Anita, VanCott, Thomas C., Marovich, Mary, Milazzo, Mark, Antonille, Tanya S., Wieczorek, Lindsay, McKee, Jr., Kelly T., and Metcalfe, Karen
- Abstract
Background: The fatal disease caused by Bacillus anthracis is preventable with a prophylactic vaccine. The currently available anthrax vaccine requires a lengthy immunization schedule, and simpler and more immunogenic options for protection against anthrax are a priority for development. In this report we describe a phase I clinical trial testing the safety and immunogenicity of an anthrax vaccine using recombinant Escherichia coli-derived, B. anthracis protective antigen (rPA). Methodology/Principal Findings: A total of 73 healthy adults ages 18-40 were enrolled and 67 received 2 injections separated by 4 weeks of either buffered saline placebo, or rPA formulated with or without 704 mg/ml AlhydrogelH adjuvant in increasing doses (5, 25, 50, 100 mg) of rPA. Participants were followed for one year and safety and immunologic data were assessed. Tenderness and warmth were the most common post-injection site reactions. No serious adverse events related to the vaccine were observed. The most robust humoral immune responses were observed in subjects receiving 50 mg of rPA formulated with AlhydrogelH with a geometric mean concentration of anti-rPA IgG antibodies of 283 mg/ml and a toxin neutralizing geometric 50% reciprocal geometric mean titer of 1061. The highest lymphoproliferative peak cellular response (median Lymphocyte Stimulation Index of 29) was observed in the group receiving 25 mg AlhydrogelH-formulated rPA. Conclusions/Significance: The vaccine was safe, well tolerated and stimulated a robust humoral and cellular response after two doses., Published in the Public Library of Science (PLoS ONE), v5 i11 e13849, 2010. Prepared in cooperation with Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD, and DynPort Vaccine Co. LLC, Frederick, MD.
- Published
- 2010
31. Phase I Study of Safety and Immunogenicity of an Escherichia coli-Derived Recombinant Protective Antigen (rPA) Vaccine to Prevent Anthrax in Adults
- Author
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Brown, Bruce K., primary, Cox, Josephine, additional, Gillis, Anita, additional, VanCott, Thomas C., additional, Marovich, Mary, additional, Milazzo, Mark, additional, Antonille, Tanya Santelli, additional, Wieczorek, Lindsay, additional, McKee, Kelly T., additional, Metcalfe, Karen, additional, Mallory, Raburn M., additional, Birx, Deborah, additional, Polonis, Victoria R., additional, and Robb, Merlin L., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Predictors of HIV-1 Disease Progression in Early- and Late-Stage Patients.
- Author
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Gardner Jr., Lytt I., Brundage, John F., McNeil, John G., Milazzo, Mark J., Redfield, Robert R., Aronson, Naomi E., Craig, D. Baxter, Davis, Charles, Gates, Robert H., Levin, Lynn I., Michael, Rodney A., Oster, Charles N., Ryan, William C., Burke, Donald S., and Tramont, Edmund C.
- Published
- 1992
33. Mammary tumors from BALB/c mice with a reported high mammary tumor incidence have acquired new mammary tumor virus DNA sequences
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Morris, Vincent L., primary, Vlasschaert, Janet E., additional, Beard, Cynthia L., additional, Milazzo, Mark F., additional, and Bradbury, Wayne C., additional
- Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Intraoperative Control of Against-the-Rule Astigmatism With Scleral Relaxing Incisions
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Milazzo, Mario G, primary, Martinsky, Michael, additional, Steigerwalt, Robert D, additional, and Milazzo, Mark A, additional
- Published
- 1988
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35. New Subtype B Containing HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant of sub-Saharan Africa Origin in Nigerian Men Who Have Sex With Men.
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Billings E, Kijak GH, Sanders-Buell E, Ndembi N, OʼSullivan AM, Adebajo S, Kokogho A, Milazzo M, Lombardi K, Baral S, Nowak R, Ramadhani H, Gramzinski R, Robb ML, Michael NL, Charurat ME, Ake J, Crowell TA, and Tovanabutra S
- Subjects
- Adult, Bayes Theorem, France, Genome, Viral, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections transmission, Humans, Male, Molecular Epidemiology, Nigeria, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Young Adult, HIV Infections virology, HIV-1 classification, HIV-1 genetics, Homosexuality, Male, Phylogeny, Recombination, Genetic, Sexual and Gender Minorities
- Abstract
Background: HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms (CRF) containing subtype B are uncommon in sub-Saharan Africa. Prevalent infections observed during enrollment of a prospective study of men who have sex with men (MSM) from Lagos, Nigeria, revealed the presence of a family of subtype B and CRF02_AG recombinants. This report describes the HIV-1 genetic diversity within a high-risk, high-prevalence, and previously undersampled cohort of Nigerian MSM., Methods: Between 2013 and 2016, 672 MSM were enrolled at the Lagos site of the TRUST/RV368 study. Prevalent HIV-1 infections were initially characterized by pol sequencing and phylogenetic subtyping analysis. Samples demonstrating the presence of subtype B were further characterized by near full-length sequencing, phylogenetic, and Bayesian analyses., Results: Within this cohort, HIV-1 prevalence was 59%. The major subtype was CRF02_AG (57%), followed by CRF02/B recombinants (15%), subtype G (13%), and smaller amounts of A1, B, and other recombinants. Nine clusters of closely related pol sequences indicate ongoing transmission events within this cohort. Among the CRF02_AG/B, a new CRF was identified and termed CRF95_02B. Shared risk factors and Bayesian phylogenetic inference of the new CRF95_02B and the similarly structured CRF56_cpx indicate a Nigerian or West African origin of CRF56_cpx before its observation in France., Conclusion: With high HIV-1 prevalence, new strains, and multiple transmission networks, this cohort of Nigerian MSM represents a previously hidden reservoir of HIV-1 strains, including the newly identified CRF95_02B and closely related CRF56_cpx. These strains will need to be considered during vaccine selection and development to optimize the design of a globally effective HIV-1 vaccine.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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