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This study assessed how web-based information affects parental trust in physician's diagnosis of autism (PDA) and likelihood of seeking a second opinion. Participants of an online survey were randomly allocated to one of three hypothetical scenarios, all were given a vignette of a non-verbal 18-month-old child followed by (1) not viewing Internet results, (2) viewing results suggesting autism, or (3) viewing results suggesting language delay and rated their trust and likelihood of seeking a second opinion. When Internet results contradicted PDA, parents reported less trust in PDA and greater likelihood of seeking a second opinion. Due to the Internet's influence on parents' response to PDA, clinicians should discuss their differential diagnosis with parents, address Internet-related concerns, and recommend trustworthy sources.

Objective(s): To assess the likelihood of ADHD diagnosis in children of non-US-born caregivers relative to children of US-born caregivers. Method: Cross-sectional analysis of a combined 2016 to 2019 National Survey of Children's Health dataset (n = 109,881) was performed to identify associations between caregiver's birth outside the U.S. and child's ADHD diagnosis. Logistic regression models adjusted for potential sociodemographic confounders. Results: Children with one or two non-US-born caregivers were less likely to be diagnosed with ADHD (aOR = 0.58, p <.001; aOR = 0.59, p <.001, respectively). Likelihood of a diagnosis increased as non-US-born caregivers spent more time in the US. After a diagnosis, children of two non-US-born caregivers were less likely to be treated with medication. Conclusion: The lower likelihood of ADHD diagnosis in children with non-US-born caregivers may reflect an increasing need for public health education to raise awareness about ADHD among this population and the development of culturally sensitive ADHD identification methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates whether primary care pediatricians adhere to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations by routinely evaluating patients' menstrual cycles and educating patients about menstruation and feminine products. Additionally, this study examines pediatricians' knowledge and attitudes surrounding menstrual health topics. A 53-item online questionnaire was developed to evaluate pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes and clinical practices regarding menstruation-related topics. The questionnaire was emailed to 2500 AAP members using a geographically-stratified sampling approach, with pediatricians in each state selected randomly. Mann-Whitney U tests, t-tests, and logistic regressions were used to assess associations between correlates and pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes and practices. Five hundred and eighteen out of 2500 pediatricians participated (response rate = 20.7%), 462 met inclusion criteria; 78.8% were female, 79.2% were Caucasian. The majority of the pediatricians (58.2%) were "not at all" or only "slightly" familiar with the AAP guidelines on anticipatory guidance surrounding menarche. Many reported they do not routinely provide anticipatory guidance regarding menstruation to pre-menarchal patients (24.7%), discuss menstruation with post-menarchal patients (33.1%) or ask patients the date of their last period (28.4%). The majority were unlikely to discuss feminine products with patients. Gaps in menstruation-related knowledge were noted. Male pediatricians were significantly less likely to evaluate patients' menstrual cycles and provide patient-education regarding menstruation-related topics, and had significantly lower self-rated and measured knowledge of these topics. A concerning number of pediatricians in a national sample do not abide by AAP recommendations surrounding menstruation and exhibit knowledge gaps in this area. To effectively address the health needs of female patients, pediatricians should better incorporate menstrual health care into their clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]